Abstract: A decoder providing asynchronous reset, redundancy, or both an asynchronously-resettable decoder with redundancy. The decoder has a synchronous portion, responsive to a clocked signal; an asynchronous portion coupled with an asynchronous circuit; a feedback-resetting portion, which substantially isolates the synchronous portion from the asynchronous portion coupled with, and interposed between the synchronous portion in response to a asynchronous reset signal; a signal input; a first memory output coupled with a first memory cell group; a second memory output coupled with a second memory cell group; and a selector coupled between the signal input, the first memory output, and the second memory output. This decoder can be memory row-oriented, and thus provide an asynchronously-resettable row decoder with row redundancy, or an asynchronously-resettable column decoder with column redundancy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device having selective multiple-speed operation modes selected by simple options. The nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array formed of a plurality of cell array blocks each having a plurality of cell strings, the cell string formed with floating gate memory cell transistors such that their control gates each are respectively connected to a plurality of word lines, and its drain-source channels are series connected to each other between a string select transistor and a ground select transistor. The memory device also includes a multiple-speed mode option part for generating a multiple-speed option signal, and an addressing circuit for selecting a page size and block size of the memory cell array different from one another in response to a state of the multiple-speed option signal.

Abstract: A data synchronizer (210) transfers data from a data sending circuit (120) to a data receiving circuit (130). The data sending circuit is synchronous with a first clock (SCLK), and a data receiving circuit is synchronous with a second clock (RCLK). The two clocks have equal frequencies but may be out of phase. The synchronizer includes a circular FIFO. The FIFO entries (FF0-FF3) are written synchronously with the first clock (SCLK). The entries' outputs are connected to a multiplexer (230) whose select signals (RSEL0-RSEL3) are generated synchronously with the second clock (RCLK). Multiple entries make their data items available to the multiplexer at the same time. The sender (120) writes a data item and a data valid flag to the FIFO in each cycle of the first clock. The receiver (130) reads the FIFO in each cycle of the second clock.

Abstract: An apparatus for a pipe latch control circuit controlled by a pipe output control signal in a synchronous memory device. The apparatus includes a plurality of counting stages for counting in sequence in response to a data output buffer drive signal and a counting signal driver for generating the pipe output control signal by driving each counting signal, which is outputted from the plurality of counting stages and controlled by the data output buffer drive signal.

Abstract: In a configuration for data transmission in a semiconductor memory system, in which data are transmitted between at least one semiconductor memory module and a memory controller controlled by a system clock signal, additional sense clock signal lines are led between the memory controller and the memory modules and, via loops on the memory modules, are led back directly from the memory modules to the memory controller component. By transmitting a sense clock signal from the memory controller to each of the memory modules via the additional sense clock signal lines, the memory controller is able to measure the respective signal propagation time of the sense clock signal and adjust a delay time for the data signals respectively received from the memory modules appropriately. The use of a data strobe signal and the associated disadvantages when testing the memory system or the memory modules is rendered superfluous.

Abstract: A synchronous semiconductor memory device operates an input/output buffer circuit in synchronization with an external clock signal in a single data rate SDRAM operation mode. In a double data rate SDRAM operation mode, an internal clock signal of a frequency two times that of the external dock signal is generated. The input/output buffer circuit is operated in synchronization with the internal dock signal.

Abstract: An excitation event in an oil, gas or geothermal well creates a responsive signal having lower and higher frequency components, which higher frequency component provides information about one or more characteristics of the well. Examples of such characteristics pertaining to a subterranean fracture include: breakdown pressure at fracture initiation, time it takes proppant to reach and to screenout the tip of the fracture, fracture geometry and fracture growth, fracture closure pressure, relative fluid flow through respective perforations, and horsepower requirements to perform a fracture treatment. One excitation event includes creating an excitation signal having a maximum amplitude change occurring within a time t1, which is less than a period t2 of the higher frequency component. Wavelet processing may be used to separate or distinguish the higher frequency waveform from the lower frequency waveform.

Abstract: A buoy to shore fish finding system has a buoyant station having a sonar transmitter, a sonar receiver, a sonar to electric signal transducer and a radio transmitter all controlled by a microprocessor. A shore station has a radio receiver and signal display controlled by a shore station microprocessor. The buoyant station microprocessor is programmed to generate sync pulses and to transmit both the sync pulses and tranduced sonar echo returns to the shore station while the shore station microprocessor is programmed to display only echo signals received after a sync pulse.

Abstract: An acoustic spectra personal identification system comprising acoustic signal generating means, acoustic transducer means and computer means including storage means, processor means and acoustic signal analysis means, whereby a data base may be generated and maintained that stores acoustic resonance spectrum information specific to selected body parts of known individuals, for comparison against newly captured acoustic resonance spectral information obtained from an identification subject and for determination whether said subject's acoustic spectra matches that of a data base participant.

Abstract: It is an object of this invention to provide a wrist watch containing an RFID tag which maintains a sense of luxury and has comparatively high sensitivity. The wrist watch containing tag of this invention comprises a watch case having a ring-shaped frame, a glass lid, and a bottom lid; a drive section which is accommodated inside the watch case; a display section for displaying time which is driven by the drive section; and an RFID tag which is accommodated inside the watch case and comprises an antenna and an IC chip; the ring-shaped frame and/or the bottom lid having at least one slit therein, and the antenna comprising a wound coil which runs along the inner face of the ring-shaped frame so as to surround the drive section. The slit is filled with a nonconductive resin, affixing the opposing cutaway planes together.

Abstract: The apparatus of timepieces which provide an unobstructed central area of a permanent opaque face for enhanced display of artwork, logos, holograms, text, designs and/or pictures which enables the wearer to discern the time.

Abstract: A mechanism having at least a function of measuring an arbitrary elapsed time is provided, which disables the function from being reset after the function is started, and enables the function to be reset after the function is stopped. The function is continuously held in an electrical ON state after being started, except when being normally stopped. This provides a time measurement device and method in which an electrical operating state and a mechanical operating state can coincide.

Abstract: An optical disk has a magnetic recording medium and/or magnetic playback medium. The magnetic substance carrying recording data is formed on the label side of the optical disk. The magnetic substance is formed as a pattern of a desired shape by silk screen printing using an ink containing a magnetic substance.

Abstract: Structures of storage media for optical storage systems, especially for systems in the near-field configuration to couple radiation between the optical head and the media at least in part by evanescent fields.

Abstract: A disc playback apparatus incorporating a memory that stores data concerning errors or differences between commanded number of tracks to be traversed and the number of tracks actually traversed by an optical pickup actuated by a servo controller. The apparatus further includes a traversed track number computing unit computes the number of tracks to be traversed by the optical pickup when the optical pickup is moved to a track that corresponds to the address where the data to be read is stored and a correction processing unit performs a predetermined correction processing on the computed number of tracks to be traversed, taking into consideration the error data stored in the memory.

Abstract: A four-axial driving actuator for an optical pickup with improved bobbin dynamic characteristics, in which the winding starting ports for a focus coil, tracking coil, and tilt coil are separate from one another, and the winding end ports thereof are combined as a common ground. The four-axial driving actuator includes: a base; a holder fixed on the base; a bobbin to which an objective lens is fixed; spring wires connected between the bobbin and the holder; and a magnetic driving unit driving the bobbin in the focus, track, or tilt direction with a focus coil, a tracking coil, and a tilt coil, wherein the magnetic driving unit comprises a circuit unit including winding starting ports for the focus coil, tracking coil, and tilt coil, and a common ground port at which winding end ports for the focus coil, tracking coil, and tilt coil are grounded, and the circuit unit applies a voltage to the tracking coil, tracking coil, and tilt coil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a layer jump control apparatus of a multilayer disk and a method thereof, when a layer jump request between record layers of the multilayer disk is inputted from outside, a sled, a tracking, and a focusing servo are converted into inactive state, a microcomputer sets an operation voltage of an inner focus lens of an optical pickup to allotted ports in order to transfer the focus lens vertically to the layer jump request direction. The present invention is capable of jumping accurately and rapidly on a request layer of the multilayer disk by jumping on a target layer of the multilayer disk accurately by converting the focusing servo into active state at the jump position of the focus lens on the basis of a FOK signal and a FZC signal detected in accordance with transferring operation, and adjusting vertical transferring speed of an optical pickup by considering minus offset of the optical pickup.

Abstract: An information storage device having a uniaxial tracking mechanism as a pickup which can perform a stable track pull-in operation is provided. A deceleration pulse amplitude á supplied to a tracking actuator is determined from a linear function á=K(V−V0) of a detected movement velocity of a beam in the vicinity of a target track. The deceleration pulse amplitude is divided into two, and is supplied to the tracking actuator on two different occasions.

Abstract: The spot diameter D3 of a side beam 21 imaged on a disc 5 is set to at least 2.5 times as large as that of a main beam. Via this configuration, an output signal from a detector detecting a reflected light via a side beam, that is, a signal representing a different in the output from photo-detection devices split by split lines in the radial contains a negligible track cross component caused by a beam spot crossing a track. The signal substantially contains a DC offset component alone caused by the shift of an objective lens in the radial direction under tracking control. Thus, by subtracting the output signal of the detector from the push-pull signal of the main beam, a tracking signal substantially containing no DC offset.

Abstract: An address information recording region in a header of a land or/and groove on a super compact magneto-optical disk 1 stores one address and an error correction code generated by the Reed-Solomon system corresponding to the address. Preferably, one symbol consists of four bits and the error correction code is generated by the Reed-Solomon system for every four bits.

Abstract: A method of recording digital information signals on a removable rewritable disc like recording medium, the method comprising recording user data on a logical area of the disc and, prior to removal of the disc out of a recording/reproducing apparatus, finalizing the disc with a lead-in and lead-out area comprising predefined medium format data. A general purpose area within the logical area for other use than recording of user data, is being reserved. Such as use may be for example defect management. Further the method involves interrupting recording a lead-in area or a lead-out area at predefined splice points whenever a request for user data is made.

Abstract: In an apparatus for reproducing recorded data, a crosstalk signal is generated by converting adjacent data recorded on an adjacent track into a waveform of said reproduction signal and the crostalk signal is deducted from the reproduction signal. Then, the reproduction signal in which the crosstalk signal is eliminated is decoded in accordance with the predetermined algorithm and reproduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides an information recording method and an information recording apparatus, which are capable of recording reproduction controlling information in information recording medium such as DVD. An operation portion designates a division timing in the audio information in case of dividing continuous audio information to record it in the DVD. A pickup records the audio information before the designated division timing and the audio information after the designated division timing in the DVD. A system controller repeats generating object recording sequence information in associated with the audio information before and after the division timing, respectively, to record them in the DVD every time when the division timing is designated.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus capable of smoothly reproducing in succession written data and data additionally written subsequent to the written data on a recording medium without disturbing a synchronization operation for read data during reproduction of information. The apparatus comprises a writing clock generating circuit for generating a writing clock signal for writing the new data into a recording medium while establishing synchronization with new data; a clock reproducing circuit for reading the written data from the recording medium, and reproducing a synchronization clock signal of the written data to generate a reproduced clock signal; and a phase adjusting circuit for synchronizing the phase of the writing clock signal with the phase of the reproduced clock signal.

Abstract: A recording medium storing a write protection information, and a write protection method for protecting data recorded on a recordable and/or rewritable disc from unwanted overwriting or erasing. In order for write protection of a disc in a bare state that is usually used in a cartridge having a recognition switch for write-protection, such as a DVD-RAM, write protection information is recorded in a Lead-in area, a Lead-out area or a recording information area other than a user data area of the disc, and the data is protected from unwanted overwriting or erasing using the write protection information. Also, even though the write protection information stored on a disc does not match the state of a recognition switch of a case for write-protection, the data can be prevented from unwanted overwriting or erasing. Thus, the write protection can be ensured when a recordable and/or rewritable recording medium, such as DVD-RAM, DVD-R and DVD-RW, is used in a bare state.

Abstract: Hold registers receive a hold register enable signal. When reading one kind signal of header field data, the hold register enable signal is High and the registers store newly renewed values of filter coefficients, and when reading a different kind signal of recording field data, the hold register enable signal is Low and the hold registers hold the last stored header field contents of the registers. Then, when a header field of a next sector is detected, the contents held in the hold registers are taken and preset to the registers. Thus, even in a case where an intermittent reproduction signal having different kinds of formats is processed in playback, the continuous adaptive equalization can be realized over the different kinds of reproduction signals in quality.

Abstract: The invention relates to a predetermined synchronization pattern (40), a so-called VFO field, in, for example, the headers 3 of an information carrier. The proposed predetermined synchronization pattern (40) consists of sequences of 3T marks and spaces (41), of 8T marks and spaces (42) and of 5T marks and spaces (43). This sequence of patterns is advantageous for setting the dynamic range of an Automatic Gain Controlled (AGC) amplifier located within a device reading the information carrier.

Abstract: An optical disk medium includes a track groove thereon. On the optical disk medium, information is recorded along the track groove on a block unit basis. The block unit has a predetermined length. The block unit having the predetermined length includes a number of sub-blocks that are arranged along the groove. A sub-block mark is provided within each of the sub-blocks and used to identify the sub-block.

Abstract: A disc cartridge including a case to form a space in which a disc is received, and a shutter to selectively open and shut an aperture formed on the case, wherein the aperture is formed only one side of the case. The size of the aperture of the disc cartridge can be reduced by half while the shutter is open, which will remarkably reduce pollution of the disc by foreign substances such as dust.

Abstract: A spherical aberration compensator for compensating for spherical aberration resulting from a thickness deviation of a recording medium. The spherical aberration compensator includes a central compensation which provides a phase distribution that is effective for compensating for spherical aberration resulting from the thickness deviation and a peripheral compensation portion which surrounds the central compensation portion and provides a phase distribution that is effective for reducing a worsening of the spherical aberration caused by axial displacement of an objective lens from the central compensation portion. The spherical aberration compensator effectively relieves an optical pickup having an objective lens of an NA of 0.7 or greater of worsening of the spherical aberration resulting from thickness deviation of the recording medium.

Abstract: A rotatable optical wedge rotatable between a first position and a second position in an optical recording system directs a light beam to a position on a recording medium. The position of the incident light beam is adjustable by moving the optical wedge to different positions, including the first and second positions.

Abstract: A data storage system that includes a positioning system for positioning the write/read mechanism and the storage medium of the data storage device with respect to each other in first and second predefined directions. The positioning system comprises a positioning apparatus comprising microfabricated first and second positioning assemblies. The positioning system further comprises a controller to position a positionable support structure of the first positioning assembly in a first predefined direction within a range of positioning that is larger than the range of movement of a moveable support structure of the first positioning assembly by controlling (A) a stationary support structure clamp in clamping and unclamping the positionable structure to and from the support structure, (B) a moveable structure clamp in clamping and unclamping the positionable support structure to and from the moveable support structure, and (C) the movement of the moveable support structure.

Abstract: In an on-vehicle disc player having a disc elevator (22) for making a plurality of trays (2) each having a CD placed on it stacked one over another in the vertical direction move in the stacking direction, there is provided plate springs (2e) for pressing an inserted CD at both sides of the tray (2). Further, there is provided separating cams (82) for forming spaces at both side of the tray (2) having a CD to be reproduced, by the movement in the fore-and-aft direction. Holding means for holding and rotating the CD are inserted to the spaces formed by the separating cams (82) to hold the CD. Thereafter, by pushing down the plate springs (2e) which has pushed and caught the CD in the tray (2) by means of peripheral portions (82x) of lower faces of upper stage entering portions (82j) of the separating cams (82), the CD is released and the tray (2) is pushed down to be separated from the CD.

Abstract: A head feeding mechanism which includes a screw shaft adapted to rotate in the normal and reverse directions using a motor as a drive source, a nut member engaged with the screw shaft, and a spring member connected to a head and adapted to elastically press the nut member against the screw shaft and which causes the head to reciprocate in the thrust direction of the screw shaft through the intermediation of the nut member through rotation of the screw shaft. The nut member has a substantially cylindrical female screw engaged with a male screw of the screw shaft, and the nut member is elastically biased in both the radial direction and the thrust direction of the screw shaft by the spring member.

Abstract: An optical recording medium improves recording density at a simple structure by forming an optical reaction layer, which transmits a laser beam at a predetermined temperature, on or below of a recording layer.

Abstract: An information recording medium has a light transmissive layer, a first information recording layer, a transparent layer, and a second information recording layer sequentially stacked to reproduce information signals upon exposure of the light transmissive layer to laser light, wherein the first information recording layer comprises a first protective layer, a phase change recording film, and a second protective layer sequentially from the light transmissive layer, and the rate of power fluctuation between a reproducing light passing through a recorded region of the first information recording layer and that passing through an unrecorded region of the first information recording layer during reproduction of the information signals from the second information recording layer, are within 10%, whereby the information signals can be recorded/reproduced on/from the second information recording layer through the first information recording layer satisfactorily.

Abstract: An optical disc including a substrate having a top surface provided with a ROM area and a RAM area, and a recording layer provided on the substrate. The ROM area is provided with pre-grooves each having a bottom surface and wherein the RAM area is provided with pre-grooves. The ROM area also has pre-pits formed on the bottom surface of the pre-grooves thereof.

Abstract: A near-field optical head has a slider having a minute aperture for emitting near-field light. The minute aperture has a diameter equal to or less than a wavelength of visible light. The slider is supported by a suspension arm for exerting a load, receiving a floating force due to relative movement with a recording medium, and forming a gap between the slider and the recording medium through a balance between the load and the floating force. A light propagating medium has an output end for emitting light. An optical path length shortening structure shortens an optical path length between the output end of the light propagating medium and the minute aperture of the slider. A mirror is disposed over the slider for guiding light emitted from the light propagating medium to the minute aperture of the slider.

Abstract: A plurality of data channels provide respective data rates and maximum error rates from a mobile station to a base station of a CDMA system; a pilot channel facilitates recovery of the data channels. For each data channel there is determined a channel energy to noise ratio (ENR) and a required pilot channel ENR. A maximum one of the required pilot channel ENRs is selected as an ENR for transmission of the pilot channel. A relative gain, and hence transmit signal power, for each data channel is determined from the ENR determined for the data channel and the selected maximum ENR for transmission of the pilot channel, thereby minimizing the total transmitted signal power of the mobile station. The data channel signals are spread using orthogonal Walsh codes and are combined with their determined relative gains.

Abstract: A method of switching a network access configuration associated with a first electronic system to a second electronic system via a network is described. The first electronic system is inoperable. The second electronic system replaces the first electronic system such that a user seamlessly transitions from the first electronic system to the second electronic system. The user continues to access the network resources using the second electronic system rather than the first electronic system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, an application for switching the network access configuration is invoked using the second electronic system. During a first phase, the application transmits first data to a network infrastructure provider. The network infrastructure provider obtains approval for switching the network access configuration from the network service provider.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to limit the throughput rate of non-adapting aggressive flows on a packet-by-packet basis. Each packet of an input flow is mapped to an entry in a flow table for each output queue. The mapping is based on a subset of the packet's header data, giving an approximation of per-flow management. Each entry contains a credit value. On packet reception, the credit value is compared to zero; if there are no credits, the packet is dropped. Otherwise, the size of the packet is compared to the credit value. If sufficient credits exist (i.e., size is less than or equal to credits), the credit value is decremented by the size of the packet in cells and the processing proceeds according to conventional methods, including but not limited to those disclosed in the co-pending DBL Application, incorporated herewith by reference in its entirety. If, however, the size of the packet exceeds the available credits, the credit value is set to zero and the packet is dropped.

Abstract: Traffic demands are routed across links of an information network so as to avoid congestion and allow for future traffic growth. Traffic demands from a source node to a destination node of the network are monitored, including bandwidths associated with each of the demands. For each demand, and for a given link of the network, that portion of the bandwidth associated with each traffic demand which is provided by the given link, is determined. A maximum value of link utilization among all links of the network is then determined, wherein link utilization is defined as the amount of bandwidth used by all traffic demands routed through a given link with respect to a total capacity of the link. Traffic demands are then routed across the links of the network in such a manner as to minimize the maximum value of link utilization.

Abstract: A method of providing a qualification function and associated action function to be performed for a connection request or a group of connection requests. The invention is applicable to situations wherein it is desirable for the network to perform a specific action before, during and/or after the establishment of a connection. The network is provided a mechanism whereby specific connection requests trigger the performance of one or more action functions. The network is operative to qualify connection requests wherein one or more action functions associated with those connection request(s) are triggered in response thereto. The qualifier, upon a connection meeting the criteria, passes a trigger to the specific action function that performs the desired specific action. More than one action may be specified, each action functioning to resolve an existing problem or perform a desired action.

Abstract: A system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention for translating an electronic address is presented. The system and method comprises sending a first protocol specific address from a first device. A second protocol address is received by the first device, wherein the second protocol address has been determined to be associated with the first protocol specific address. Another system and method for translating an electronic address is also presented. The system and method comprises providing a first protocol specific address from a first device; determining a second protocol specific address associated with the first protocol specific address; and sending the second protocol address to the first device.

Abstract: A method operates a media access control device. The method includes (a) detecting the assertion of a flow control condition, (b) generating a PAUSE frame in response to the detection of a flow control condition, the PAUSE frame directing a remote device to PAUSE for a first amount of time, (c) causing the media access device to wait for a second amount of time, the second amount of time being less than or equal to the first amount of time, and (d) generating, upon expiration of the second amount of time and the continued assertion of the flow control condition, an additional PAUSE frame directing a remote device to PAUSE for a first amount of time.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of putting a flow of packets of a network for transporting packets of variable length into conformity with a traffic contract. The method is of the type which consists, at each arrival of a packet, of comparing the time of this arrival with a theoretical arrival time and, if this arrival time is earlier than the theoretical time arrival time and, if this arrival time is earlier than the theoretical time by more than the jitter tolerance defined in the contract, destroying the packet or not further processing the packet, otherwise retransmitting the packet and then determining the theoretical arrival time for the next packet.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for a communications system that prioritizes packets that are transmitted over a digital communication channel utilizing at least one error-correcting transmission path associated with a Quality of Service (QoS) objective. The QoS objective is used to select the appropriate transmission path (that may include forward error coding, scrambling, and interleaving) that satisfies the relevant metrics of the desired level of service quality such as packet latency, variation of the packet latency, information throughput, and packet error rate (PER). The communications system selects a transmission path that is associated with QoS objectives best matched to the QoS objectives as required by the originating application.

Abstract: A method and system for distributed processing of traffic in a telecommunications node includes receiving a traffic stream at a line card of the telecommunications node. The traffic stream includes a plurality of discrete cells. The cells are forwarded from the line card to a centralized switch of the telecommunications node. The centralized switch identifies cells that are of a particular type. Cells of the particular type are returned from the centralized switch to the line card. The returned cells are processed at the line card.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing a distributed system is provided. The distributed system includes distributed analyzers. Each analyzer has a synchronization decoder circuit, a medium access controller, and a central processing unit. The distributed system synchronization method comprises receiving multicast information, generating local synchronization signals, receiving control data packets, and beginning processing of monitored data packets. The synchronization decoder circuit receives the multicast information, decodes the multicast information, and responsive to the multicast information, generates local synchronization signals. The decoder synchronization circuit of a first analyzer completes the decoding and the generating in a first time. The first time is adapted to enable the central processing unit of the first analyzer to start and end processing of monitored data packets at a first start time and a first end time.

Abstract: A method and system for simulating a wireless environment is provided including a central RF combining component; a plurality of connection nodes, each connection node in RF connection with the central RF combining component through a programmable attenuation component; wherein the programmable attenuation components are controlled by a controller console, the controller console maintaining information regarding simulated spatial positioning of the plurality of connection nodes in the simulated wireless environment, and adjusting the programmable attenuation components to appropriately simulate the simulated spatial positioning of the connection nodes in the simulated wireless environment. Additionally, an RF module for creating and receiving RF signals in a test environment is provided.