Abstract: A method of manufacturing potato crisps is disclosed comprising steps on preparing slices of potato and frying potato slices to create the crisps and subsequently applying a vegetable oil incorporating a colourant, such as a carotenoid, to enhance the colour of the crisps. The crisps have a final colouring which the Hunter Lab “B” value is in the range of 28 to 34 and thus present an appealing “golden” appearance.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an improved method for refining cellulose that produces a highly refined cellulosic material. The method comprises soaking raw material from primarily parenchymal cell wall structures in an aqueous solution which need not contain an agent to modify the fiber (e.g., a mild alkalizing or alkaline agent and/or solution) using reduced temperatures and pressures, and refining the material with a plate refiner so that a waste water stream is reduced in volume. The mass is dried to produce the HRC fiber. The HRC fiber displays a water retention capacity of about 25 to at least about 56 g H2O/g dry HRC and retains moisture under conditions that are ordinarily used to remove moisture from materials. The highly refined fiber product can also provide excellent thickening properties and can be used in a wide variety of materials, including edible materials.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing animal feed from food waste by providing a dry, pelletized, fibrous organic material. Specifically, the invention relates to methods of thickening/dewatering solids that contain substantial amounts of moisture, e.g., ground food waste.

Abstract: A method for forming an emissive layer for an electroluminescent display is provided that includes positioning a substrate (40) in spaced relation to a port (88) of a microeffusion cell (86). The method then provides for transporting the substrate (40) across the port (88) at a substantially constant rate. The method then provides for effusing an emissive material from the port (88) and adhering at least a portion of the emissive material effused from the port (88) to a defined region of the substrate (40) to form an emissive strip (46) having a substantially constant width on the substrate (40).

Abstract: A method for forming an emissive layer for an electroluminescent display is provided that includes positioning a substrate (40) in spaced relation to a port (88) of a microeffusion cell (86). The method then provides for transporting the substrate (40) across the port (88) at a substantially constant rate. The method then provides for effusing an emissive material from the port (88) and adhering at least a portion of the emissive material effused from the port (88) to a defined region of the substrate (40) to form an emissive strip (46) having a substantially constant width on the substrate (40).

Abstract: A method for forming an emissive layer for an electroluminescent display is provided that includes positioning a substrate (40) in spaced relation to a port (88) of a microeffusion cell (86). The method then provides for transporting the substrate (40) across the port (88) at a substantially constant rate. The method then provides for effusing an emissive material from the port (88) and adhering at least a portion of the emissive material effused from the port (88) to a defined region of the substrate (40) to form an emissive strip (46) having a substantially constant width on the substrate (40).

Abstract: An ink jet printing device for manufacturing an organic electroluminescent device. The ink jet printing device includes a chamber, an inkjet unit, and a pressure adjusting unit. The chamber has a space, and a basement is provided inside the space for supporting the organic electroluminescent device. The inkjet unit has a print head, which includes print holes. The print head is set in the chamber and is used to inject ink toward a substrate of the organic electroluminescent device. The pressure adjusting unit connects to the space so as to steady the pressure of the space within a specific value. Furthermore, an ink jet printing method for manufacturing an organic electroluminescent device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for coating an ion-exchange membrane with a catalyst layer by first heating a surface of the membrane to thereby soften the surface, followed by deposition of a catalyst composition and compaction into the ion-exchange membrane to produce a catalyst-coated membrane. Heating of the ion-exchange membrane may be at a temperature between 20° C. and 50° C., typically between 30° C. and 40° C., above the glass transition temperature of the dry ion-exchange membrane. In one embodiment, the catalyst composition is fluidized in a fluidized bed reactor prior to being deposited on the membrane surface. A system for coating the ion-exchange membrane is also provided. The catalyst-coated membrane is particularly useful in electrochemical fuel cells.

Abstract: High-throughput systems and methods for the fabrication and evaluation of electrolyte and electrode material performance for solid oxide fuel cells. Small scale techniques to optimize fuel cell materials based on chemical composition and variable processing. Methods for the fabrication and evaluation of electrode and electrolyte materials for use in solid oxide fuel cells comprising providing a non-sintered or partially-sintered substrate and delivering the electrode and electrolyte materials to a plurality of regions of the substrate using a plurality of liquid spraying devices, wherein the plurality of liquid spraying devices are arranged at appropriate angles to the substrate and to each other such that the spray plumes of the spraying devices overlap to form a gradient array. Systems comprising a plurality of liquid spraying devices and a mask operable for controlling which of the plurality of regions of the substrate receive the components.

Abstract: In manufacturing of a magnetic recording medium by using an extrusion-type coating method of extruding a coating liquid from an end of a slit of a coating head and applying the coating liquid to a continuously-running flexible support while making the flexible support relatively approach the end of the coating head so as to apply a magnetic coating liquid obtained by dispersing magnetic particles in a solvent on the flexible support to form a magnetic-coating-liquid layer, the quality of the coating condition is evaluated in accordance with shearing energy E for unit volume of the magnetic-coating-liquid layer obtained by 1 E = μ · L · V 4 · t   ⁢ 2 ,

Abstract: A stationary shroud of a gas turbine engine made of a base metal is repaired by removing any damaged material from a flow-path region of the stationary shroud to leave an initially exposed base-metal flow-path surface; and applying a base-metal restoration overlying the initially exposed flow-path surface. The base-metal restoration is applied by furnishing a source of a structural material that is compatible with the base metal, in a form such as a powder or a wire, and depositing the source of the structural material overlying the initially exposed base-metal flow-path surface of the stationary shroud by laser cladding to form a repaired base-metal flow-path surface. An environmentally resistant rub coating may be applied overlying the base-metal restoration.

Abstract: A method of applying a moisture barrier seal to a fiber optic coil includes mounting a fiber optic coil in a vacuum deposition chamber, so as to expose a large exterior surface area of the fiber optic coil to an interior portion of the deposition chamber. The method further includes reducing the air pressure within the chamber to a value that is less than ambient pressure outside of the chamber. The method further includes introducing a vapor form of a non-porous material, preferably parylene, into the chamber. The vapor form of the non-porous material changes into a solid state upon contact with the fiber optic coil, so as to form a conformal coat on the fiber optic coil.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of coating a porous carrier layer of metal-metal oxide and depositing an active catalyst component on metal substrates, and a monolith module useful as a catalytic reactor with low pressure drop prepared using the metal substrate having the deposited catalyst. By forming the porous carrier particle layer on the metal substrate and depositing the catalyst particles thereon, the catalyst particles are drastically increased in deposition strength and impact durability. Also, the disclosed monolith catalyst module is used for a long time while the catalyst is not detached under high mechanical or thermal impact and high conversion efficiency thereof is maintained at a desired level, due to securely deposited catalyst particles.

Abstract: A method for depositing granules (48) onto a substrate (14) comprises providing a hopper (36) for granules with a discharge slot (46), moving a gate (50) across the slot to open and close the slot so that when the slot is open granules fall from the hopper and when the slot is closed granules are prevented from falling from the hopper, and detecting the speed of the substrate and controlling the extent of opening of the slot by the gate to meter the granules falling from the hopper in response to the speed of the substrate.

Abstract: Scanning localized evaporation and deposition of an evaporant on a substrate utilizes a mask assembly comprised of a series of mask elements with openings thereon and spaced apart in a stack.

Abstract: A silicon comprising film and its method of fabrication is described. The silicon comprising film is grown on a substrate. A hexachlorodisilane (HCD) source gas is one of the reactant species used to form the silicon comprising film. The silicon comprising film is formed under a pressure between 10 Torr and 350 Torr.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for forming a deposited film which can repeatedly form a large amount of functional deposited films with good reproducibility without degradation in the characteristics of films formed even when gas leakage occurs in a shut-off valve, and without reducing the yield as a result when gas leakage occurs in the shut-off valve, by immediately detecting and repairing it.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and an apparatus for feeding a gas phase reactant from a reactant source into a gas phase reaction chamber. In the method a reactant which is a liquid or solid at ambient temperature is vaporised from the reactant source at a vaporising temperature; and the vaporised reactant is fed into the reaction chamber. According to the invention the reactant source and the reaction chamber are located in separate vessels which can be individually evacuated. By means of the invention it becomes possible to change and load new reactant chemical without breaking the vacuum of the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A precursor for chemical vapor deposition comprising a metal compound represented by formula (I): 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing functional objects (15, 10) that have a high-grade surface. The invention also relates to a functional object that is produced according to said method. The aim of the invention is to simplify the production method, whereby the surface of the objects should be finished in a cost-effective manner while still obtaining a high-quality effect for e.g. an advertising medium or an object of art. To begin with, the functional object has, at least in areas, at least one glazed or milky dull surface (13) that serves as a characteristic surface. This characteristic surface (13) is, essentially throughout or in an all-over manner, of the same character inside the area (15a, 20b), in which a decoration or marking (25, 20) should ensue. The decoration or marking (20, 25; 20a) is made by applying a fluid to the characteristic surface (13) in order to smoothen the surface into the shape or form (20a) of the decoration or marking.

Abstract: A carrier (1) for treating photonic devices such as laser bars (B) is provided with a recessed formation (3) with a web surface (3a) for supporting the photonic device in contact therewith as well as at least one side surface (3b) forming an abutment surface for engaging a respective end facet (S1, S2) of the photonic device. The photonic device (B) is arranged in the recessed formation (3) so that the lower surface (LB) of the photonic device is masked with respect to the treatment source, while at least one end facet (S1, S2) of the photonic device engages at least one side surface (3b) by leaving exposed a surface to be treated. A protection member (5) is placed in contact with the upper surface (UB) of the photonic device (B) and the carrier (1) with the photonic device (B) arranged therein is exposed to the treatment source (E). The treatment is thus effective substantially exclusively on the surfaces of the end facets (S1, S2) to be treated.

Abstract: A method for electroless metal plating of substrates, more specifically with electrically non-conductive surfaces, by which the substrates may be reliably metal plated at low cost under manufacturing conditions as well and by means of which it is possible to selectively coat the substrates to be treated only, and not the surfaces of the racks. The method involves the following steps: a. pickling the surfaces with a solution containing chromate ions; b. activating the pickled surfaces with a silver colloid containing stannous ions; c. treating the activated surfaces with an accelerating solution in order to remove tin compounds from the surfaces; and d. depositing, by means of an electroless nickel plating bath, a layer that substantially consists of nickel to the surfaces treated with the accelerating solution, the electroless nickel plating bath containing at least one reducing agent selected from the group comprising borane compounds.

Abstract: Process for preparing durable, re-usable intermediate toner image-transfer belts or electrostatic transfuse belts. The present belts have a continuous elastomer-impregnated fibrous fabric support and at least one outer smooth release layer of a cured elastomer polymer. The invention is characterized by the application of a thin primer layer of a hydrolyzable polyfunctional silicone composition between the elastomer-coated surface of the fabric support and the outer elastomer polymer layer. The polyfunctional silicone chemically-bonds to the elastomer of the fabric support during hydrolysis and chemically-bonds to the outer elastomer layer during its cure, to form a durable, heat-resistant transfuse belt. The layers maybe applied to the fabric support by spray application as dilute solutions.

Abstract: A metal oxide layer can be deposited onto metallic or ceramic surfaces of a structure in situ, by exposing the surfaces to a precursor solution at an elevated temperature. The precursor solution contains: an organometallic, an oxidant, a surfactant, a chelating agent and water. The precursor solution is injected into the structure and maintained at a specific temperature, pH level and pressure for a predetermined period of time. The resulting in situ metal oxide layer is permanently bonded to the surface structure and does require post deposition heat treatment.

Abstract: An process of forming multilayer thin film heterostructures is disclosed and includes applying a solution including a first water-soluble polymer from the group of polyanionic species, polycationic species and uncharged polymer species onto a substrate to form a first coating layer on the substrate, drying the first coating layer on the substrate, applying a solution including a second water-soluble polymer from the group of polyanionic species, polycationic species and uncharged polymer species onto the substrate having the first coating layer to form a second coating layer on the first coating layer wherein the second water-soluble polymer is of a different material than the first water-soluble polymer, and drying the second coating layer on the first coating layer so as to form a bilayer structure on the substrate.

Abstract: Described are compositions comprising perfluoroalkyl haloalkyl ethers and, optionally, surfactant; uses for perfluoroalkyl haloalkyl ether compounds and compositions thereof, optionally comprising surfactant; and perfluoroalkyl haloalkyl ethers.

Abstract: A method for making synthetic leather includes the steps of: preparing a knitted substrate having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, the knitted substrate being stretchable in the longitudinal and transverse directions; positioning two opposite sides of the knitted substrate along the longitudinal direction respectively on two conveyer chains and advancing the knitted substrate without tensioning the substrate along the longitudinal direction; and forming a coating on the knitted substrate by applying a polyurethane solution on the knitted substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a glazing panel comprises the steps of: a) taking a glazing panel having on one of its surfaces (i) a substantially transparent coating layer having a transformable portion, and (ii) an enamel material associated with the transformable portion of the coating layer; and b) causing an interaction between the transformable portion of the coating layer and the enamel material associated therewith by healing the glazing panel to a temperature above about 300° C. This may render a portion of the coating layer less susceptible to corrosion and/or non-conductive to electricity.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving the uniformity of a liquid curtain in a coating system comprising a lip of a slide die wherein the lip includes a front surface on which a liquid composition flows by gravity. The apparatus comprises a ledge having a first, second, and third surface portion. The first surface portion is disposed intermediate the second and third surface portions, and is substantially horizontal. The second surface portion is contiguous with the first surface portion and upwardly inclined. The third surface portion is contiguous with the first surface portion and downwardly inclined away from the first and second surface portions.

Abstract: A method of making a micro drill using exposure liquid includes an exposure liquid coating process of putting a micro drill having a processed drill bit into exposure liquid so as to dip the processed drill bit in the exposure liquid; a twist groove exposure process of processing a twist groove on an exposure liquid coating surface by scanning a laser beam from a laser exposure machine while the drill bit of the micro drill, coated by the exposure liquid, advances with rotating; a twist groove etching process of putting the coated surface of the micro drill into etching solution so as to resolve metal at the twist groove in which the exposure liquid coating film is removed by exposure of the laser beam; and a drill coating washing process of washing the drill coating by putting the etched drill bit into an ultrasonic washer.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided to actively apply finish to one or more yarns in motion at speeds greater than about 3000 m/min, to achieve a finish application of 0.2 wt. % or more, and with a coefficient of variation of finish concentration of 10% or less. The devices are compact, portable and readily installed at a variety of positions on a fiber processing line. The devices of the invention contain the finish so that contamination of the surrounding areas is prevented.

Abstract: Electroless copper plating solutions and methods of use thereof are disclosed. A representative electroless copper plating solution includes a reducing agent that is a source of hypophosphite ions and at least one accelerator compound that accelerates the rate of copper deposition.

Abstract: In a power supply apparatus for discharge surface treatment which uses a green compact electrode as a discharge electrode, allows a pulse-type discharge to take place between said discharge electrode and a workpiece, and forms a film, which is made of an electrode material or a material obtained when the electrode material reacts to a discharge energy, on a surface of the workpiece following three measures are taken. (1) When a discharge voltage detected by the voltage detection means is less than or equal to discharge detection voltage set value which is slightly lower than a power supply voltage, the electric current cut-off means forcibly cuts off an output of the oscillator so that long-time pulse is prevented. (2) A capacitor is connected in parallel with an oscillation circuit of the oscillator, and the long-time pulse is prevented by capacitor discharge. (3) Time that the discharge takes place once is controlled by a timer so that the long-time pulse is prevented.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming a coating film on a plastic substrate which comprises: (1) coating the plastic substrate with an aqueous white primer (A) having a water content of 15 to 48 wt. % to form a coating film having an L* value of 80 or more, (2) heating the coating film of the primer (A) to adjust the water content of the film to 1 to 10 wt. % and the surface electrical resistivity value of the film to less than 109 &OHgr;/square, (3) electrostatically coating the coating film of the primer (A) with a thermosetting clear colored coating composition (B), (4) electrostatically coating the uncured coating film of the coating composition (B) with a thermosetting clear coating composition (C), and (5) baking the three-layer coating film to obtain a cured multilayer coating film having an N value of 8.5 or more.

Abstract: A method of making beams, clamps and other structures by curing a polymer containing a magnetostrictive material. A magnetostrictive material like TERFENOL-D (TM) is placed in a polymer. This mixture is put onto a slide in a film. The mixture is cured by UV light (or other means) so that it cross-links. A second layer of polymer with no magnetostrictive material can be cured on top of the first layer. This leads to a beam structure which exhibits a bending moment in an applied magnetic field. By aligning the magnetostrictive particles before curing with a magnetic field, a beam or other structure can be produced with aligned particles. A mask can be used to selectively cure regions where the magnetostrictive particles have different alignments on the same layer. It is possible to build up multiple layer structures with layers of magnetostrictive particles aligned in different directions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of providing a solid substrate for immobilizing chemical compounds particular biomolecules. The method comprises the steps of providing a basis substrate, and treating the surface of the basis substrate with a monomer gas in a plasma generated by a power source selected from the group consisting of multiple phase AC supply and multiple DC supply, wherein the intensity of said plasma being at the most 5.0 W/I, such as at the most 3.0 W/I, and said monomer gas comprising one or more types of monomers which is plasma polymerized onto the surface to thereby provide the surface of the solid substrate with chemically reactive groups. The invention also relates to a substrate obtainable by the method, and a process for immobilizing a chemical compound to a surface of such solid substrate. The method is relatively simple and economically feasibly, and the substrate has a high quality and a high concentration of functionalities.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a method for sintering bioactive glass or bioactive glass composite. The method according to the invention is characterised in that the sintering is performed with a localised electromagnetic and/or acoustic energy. Other objects of the invention are a method for coating a device with bioactive glass or bioactive glass composite and a method for attaching at least two devices. All these methods use sintering with localised electromagnetic and/or acoustic energy.

Abstract: A method for preparing an alignment layer surface provides a surface on the alignment layer. The surface is bombarded with ions, and reactive gas is introduced to the ion beam to saturate dangling bonds on the surface. Another method for preparing an alignment layer surface provides a surface on the alignment layer. The surface is bombarded with ions and quenched with a reactive component to saturate dangling bonds on the surface.

Abstract: To provide a resin composition for spacer useful for the formation of a pixel-patterned spacer on a substrate in a liquid crystal display device, a spacer using the composition, and a liquid crystal display device that can display high-quality images, a resin composition for spacer contains at least one resin selected from (1) an allyl-containing resin, (2) an allyl-and-hydroxyl-containing resin, and (3) a resin mixture of an allyl-containing resin and a hydroxyl-containing resin.

Abstract: A filled synthetic sports playing surface is provided comprising, generally, a synthetic grass having fibers secured to a backing fabric. The backing fabric may have single, composite or multiple layers. The fibers can be formed from polyolefins, their co-polymers, or polyamides, and may be monofilament or slit film type yarns. The top dressing comprises natural soil or a synthetic soil or may be a mix of natural soil or synthetic soil with conventional infill material, such as resilient particles, mineral particles coated with a resilient layer or other types of infill materials. Alternatively, the top dressing may include an absorbent material treated with a coloring agent. The filled fabric generally described above may be installed over a drainage system and can have an irrigation system, particularly for an indoor field, in order to simulate wet weather conditions, provide for more realistic game play and manage other aspects of the field.

Abstract: There is disclosed a sheet-state ink-jet recording material which comprises a water-resistant support and at least one ink-receptive layer provided on the support, wherein at least one of the ink-receptive layers contains inorganic fine particles having an average primary particle size of 30 nm or less and a hydrophilic binder, and a longitudinal direction of the sheet-state ink-jet recording material is cut at a right angle to a flowing direction of the recording material at a time of coating the ink-receptive layer.

Abstract: To provide an ink-jet recording medium that can absorb inks satisfactorily and exhibits high print density, minimized bleeding with time and satisfactory light resistance, an ink-jet recording medium includes a support; and an ink receiving layer which is disposed on the support, contains at least fine polymer particles and has a porous structure. The ink receiving layer has a pore volume per unit thickness (A/B) of 2.0×10−5 ml/cm2/&mgr;m or more, where A is the pore volume (×10−5 ml/cm2) in the ink receiving layer at a pore diameter equal to the average particle diameter of the fine polymer particles, which pore volume is determined based on a pore distribution curve obtained according to a nitrogen gas adsorption technique; and B is the dry thickness (&mgr;m) of the ink receiving layer.

Abstract: A wrap film comprising a layer of resin composition (C) as at least one surface layer, wherein resin composition (C) comprises 100 parts by mass of an aliphatic polyester resin (A) and 5 to 40 parts by mass of a liquid additive (B), and having a surface roughness of 0.5 to 4.0 nm, a tensile modulus of 400 to 1500 MPa, a heat resistant temperature of 130° C. or more and cling energy of 0.5 to 2.5 mJ, and a wrap product having the wrap film placed in a box. There is provided an easy-to-use wrap film having cling property and pulling-out property.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for fastening a polymeric label to a glass, plastic or metal container or surface by means of a water based adhesive composition by the following steps:

Abstract: Cellular cushioning material and a method for its production is described. In one scenario, the method includes providing a pre-welded sheet to a user comprised of at least two layers of plastic pre-welded to have a plurality of diagonally oriented, inflatable sleeves extending substantially the entire width of said sheet, and a longitudinally extending air entry passage. Each of the inflatable sleeves has an opening for allowing entry of air from said air entry passage into said sleeve. The user inflates the cellular cushioning material on an as-needed, real-time basis.

Abstract: An electromagnetically-shielded enclosure is formed by applying an electromagnetic-shielding film to a plastics enclosure by the water-borne film application process. The film is formed from a mixture comprising a polymer and a conductive material, such as lossy ferrite, carbon glass, or metal, that constitutes 20 to 40 percent by weight of the mixture.

Abstract: Novel polyethylene copolymer compositions prepared with a homogeneous catalyst system are characterized by having a unique high molecular weight, low comonomer (high density) fraction. These heterogeneous/homogeneous compositions may be prepared using a solution polymerization process in Which the polymerization reactor contains a gradient in temperature, catalyst concentration or monomer concentration. The heterogeneous/homogeneous compositions of this invention are easily processed into films having excellent tear strengths and low hexane extractables.

Abstract: A conductive resin coated steel pipe and an extrusion molding method for the steel pipe capable of using filler instead of carbon black and not only lowering a production cost but also further increasing an attractiveness; the resin coated steel pipe, wherein a regenerated resin (3) such as polyethylene, ABS, AAS, and the outer peripheral surface of a thin-walled steel pipe (2) is coated with polypropylene, and a conductive resin (4) such as polyethylene, ABS, AAS, and polypropylene mixed with filler on the outer peripheral surface of the coated resin (3) is axially uniformized in cross section by a double coated structure where the portion (4b) thereof having a wall thickness and a width necessary for developing the conductivity thereof are provided at one or more positions in the circumferential direction of a pipe body and the entire outer peripheral surface thereof is coated thinly with the resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to ungrounded type flexible fabric container with a reduced energy of electrostatic discharge suitable for use in a combustible environment. A woven fabric is configured to form a flexible fabric container having sidewalls, a top feature and a bottom feature. The woven fabric flexible bulk container is made from a static dissipating fabric comprising fabric woven of non-conductive tapes, to which a plurality of bicomponent conductive staple fibers are added. The bicomponent conductive staple fibers have one or more longitudinal stripes of a carbon loaded conductive constituent on an outer surface of a non-conductive constituent. Preferably the staple fibers are woven into or coated onto the fabric at a spacing of from 3 mm to 100 mm.

Abstract: A medical device and method of manufacturing same comprises laser sintering a pattern of powdered metal and/or a dispersion of polymer material to an tubular member such as a catheter and/or catheter balloon.