Abstract: A dual temperature control system as part of an engine cooling system. In one aspect, a valve is regulated as a function of engine load and disposed in a by-pass line between the radiator and the coolant pump. The valve is designed to normally block the by-pass line, but permits coolant to by-pass the thermostat and be conveyed from the radiator to the engine when the load of the engine approaches a wide-open-throttle condition. In another aspect, both high-temperature and low-temperature thermostats are employed and a normally closed valve is actuated when the load of the engine approaches a wide-open-throttle condition to permit coolant to be conveyed through the low-temperature thermostat and on to the engine.

Abstract: A rotating cylinder valve engine (1) comprises an engine casing comprising two casing sections (2, 4) and a double piston and rotating cylinder assembly (5). The casing section (2) is formed with an internal chamber (6) that extends from a open-end of circular cross-section towards a closed-end of the casing section (2). Extending radially outward from the open-end of the casing section (2) is a substantially circular flange (8). The flange (8) comprises four lobe portions (10) each formed with a bolt hole. The flange (8) is formed with a circular radially inner recess (9). The casing section (2) is formed with a fuel inlet port 3a, port for a spark plug (3b) and an exhaust port (3c).

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a camless valve driving device, without having a cam mechanism, which can reduce the valve driving energy and enhances fuel efficiency. According to the one preferred aspect of the present invention, the valve driving device of an internal combustion engine includes a pressure chamber (18), to which actuating fluid, to drive opening and closing of a main valve (11) serving as an intake valve or as an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine, is supplied; a first actuating valve (20) for supplying high-pressure (Pc) actuating fluid to the pressure chamber (18) during a prescribed period (tCP1) of the initial valve opening period of the main valve; a second actuating valve (34) for introducing low-pressure (Pf) actuating fluid to the pressure chamber (18) after the prescribed period (tCP1) has elapsed; a third actuating valve (30) for discharging actuating fluid from the pressure chamber (18) when the main valve (11) is closed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising an engine body. A combustion chamber is formed in the engine body and has at least one valve seat. A valve is configured to move between an open position and a closed position of the valve seat. A valve actuator is configured to actuate the valve. A variable valve timing mechanism is configured to change an actuating timing of the valve actuator at which the valve actuator actuates the valve. At least one sensor configured to sense and operational condition of the engine. A control device is configured to determine if the engine is operating in a cruising mode. The control device is also configured to reduce engine speed fluctuations during the cruising mode by adjusting the actuating timing of the valve actuator.

Abstract: A stop control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided with a valve mechanism capable of operating at least one of an intake valve and an exhaust valve independently a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, and a valve controlling device for controlling an operation of the valve mechanism so that the internal combustion engine is stopped in a predetermined state.

Abstract: A method of variably actuating a valve of an engine includes selecting one of three valve lift profiles dependent at least in part upon engine operating conditions and parameters. The selected valve lift profile is phased relative to the angular position of the engine crankshaft dependent at least in part upon engine operating conditions and parameters. The valve is actuated according to the selected and phased valve lift profile.

Abstract: A valve-driving system, which is applied to an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, for driving an intake or exhaust valve provided in each cylinder, comprising: a plurality of valve-driving apparatuses, each of which is provided for at least each one of the intake valve and the exhaust valve, each valve-driving apparatus having an electrical motor as a driving source for generating rotation motion and a power transmission mechanism provided with a transmitting section for transmitting the rotation motion generated by the electrical motor and a converting section for converting the rotation motion transmitted from the transmitting section into opening and closing motion of the valve to be driven; and a motor control device which controls operations of electric motors of the respective valve-driving apparatuses in accordance with the operation state of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: When controlled variable in a variable valve event and lift mechanism is made to be a predetermined value, requested closing timing at which a target air amount can be obtained and requested opening timing at which a target residual gas rate can be obtained are calculated, and the controlled variable is changed in stepwise until an absolute value of a deviation between a requested operating angle at the requested closing timing and the requested opening timing, and an operating angle corresponding to the controlled variable, reaches a predetermined value or less, so that the controlled variable of the time when the absolute value of the deviation reaches the predetermined value or less is set to a desired value.

Abstract: A first cylindrical part in which axial part passages for supplying a fluid to or discharging a fluid from a fluid pressure chamber are formed is provided in a rotor and, at the same time, a second cylindrical member in which cover passages communicating with axial part passages and a fluid supplying and discharging means are formed is provided. The first cylindrical part is overlaid on an inner side relative to the second cylindrical member in a radial direction and is constructed of an aluminium alloy, a sealing groove for accommodating a sealing member for tight sealing between a first cylindrical part and a second cylindrical member with an outer peripheral surface and a side surface thereof is provided, and a friction A between a side of a sealing member and a sealing groove is set to be greater than a friction B between an outer peripheral side of the sealing member and an inner peripheral side of the second cylindrical member.

Abstract: An engine starter includes a starter switch having a plunger assembly movable between non-operating operating positions. When the plunger assembly is at the non-operating position, a gap between main stationary and movable contacts is smaller than the sum of a gap between a pinion and an engine ring gear and the most-widely opened variable gap, which is defined between a drive mechanism and a moving shaft. The arrangement is such that, as the plunger assembly moves from the non-operating position to the operating position, the auxiliary contact is first closed to cause the starter motor to be driven at the first speed, and then the main contact is closed to cause the starter motor to be driven at the second speed.

Abstract: A pinion gear of a starter is engaged with a ring gear of an internal combustion engine by restricting rotation of the pinion gear while driving a motor at a low speed. After the engagement is established, the motor is driven at a full speed by supplying a full current, thereby cranking up the engine. A crank bar for transferring movement of a plunger in a magnetic switch to a pinion-rotation-restricting member is divided into two or three portions. After the divided portions are assembled to the starter, they are connected together to form a solid piece. In this manner, a process of assembling the crank bar into the starter is simplified.

Abstract: An air intake system for an internal combustion engine is provided which comprises an intake manifold, a stub manifold, a vibration-absorbing member, and a bracket. The stub manifold is disposed between the intake manifold and a cylinder block, and communicates with the intake manifold. The vibration-absorbing member is disposed between the stub manifold and the intake manifold. One end of the bracket is coupled to the stub manifold through a first mounting member, and the other end of the bracket is coupled to the intake manifold through a second mounting member.

Abstract: An integrated inlet manifold tuning valve for a variable configuration air inlet manifold and a charge motion control system. A tuning valve, which is preferably approximately a quarter-barrel valve, is arranged at an end of the low- and high-speed runners at or near an intake port for an internal combustion engine. The tuning valve operates to tune the variable manifold and provide a mixture motion for charge motion control.

Abstract: A recoil starter is disclosed which enables a ratchet member to be manufactured at a reduced cost and which is capable of obtaining a sufficient strength and reducing a size and weight thereof without increasing a thickness of a rope reel and the like. The ratchet members are mounted on the rope reel so as to engage with a control member that is rotatably attached to a reel shaft with a rotational resistance imparted thereto, so that the ratchet members are turned radially outwardly to engage with a drive pulley, to thereby allow the drive pulley to rotate integrally with the rope reel. The ratchet members are each formed of a rod material having a circular section by bending the material and are each pivotally supported on a side surface of the rope reel.

Abstract: A valve stem seal assembly includes a retainer with one or more built-in sprues, a cavity at one end, an annular flange on the opposite end, and a cylindrical interior passageway therebetween. The built-in sprues extend from the bottom surface of the cavity to the annular flange. The valve stem seal assembly also includes a jacket made of an elastomeric material integrally bonded to the retainer. When the valve stem seal assembly is fitted atop the valve guide, a gap is formed between the bottom surface of the cavity of the retainer and the top surface of the valve guide to accommodate manufacturing tolerances in the height of the valve guide. The jacket is integrally bonded to the retainer by introducing material into the cavity, through the built-in sprues, and out of the bottom of the annular flange.

Abstract: An improved spherical rotary intake valve for a spherical rotary valve assembly for internal combustion engine, the improved rotary intake valve having a drum body of spherical section defined by two parallel planes of a sphere disposed symmetrically about the center of said sphere thereby defining a spherical periphery and planar side walls, the rotary intake valve being formed with a shaft receiving aperture centrally, axially positioned therethrough, the drum body formed with doughnut-shaped cavities in each of the side walls thereof, about the shaft receiving aperture, the doughnut-shaped cavities segregated by a partition wall, the doughnut-shaped cavities in communication with a passageway formed in the spherical periphery of the drum body, the partition wall bisecting the passageway formed in the spherical periphery of the drum body, the bisecting portion of the partition wall having an upper surface, the upper surface being an arcuate surface complimentary with the spherical periphery of the drum body

Abstract: An engine powered hand-held power tool and engine lubrication method is provided, the power tool being intended to be carried by an operator during use. The power tool has a frame, including a handle to be grasped by the operator, an implement affixed to the frame having a rotary input member, and a small four-cycle, lightweight, internal combustion engine attached to the frame for driving the implement. The four-cycle engine has a lightweight aluminum alloy engine block having a cylindrical bore and an enclosed oil reservoir formed therein. A crankshaft is rotatably mounted in the engine block for rotation about a crankshaft axis. A piston reciprocates within the bore and is connected to the crankshaft by a connecting rod. An oil splasher driven by the crankshaft intermittently engages the oil within the enclosed oil reservoir to splash-lubricate the engine.

Abstract: System and a method for automatically topping up an internal combustion engine (4) with lubricant. A lubricant container that includes a (1), a pipe (2) which connects the container to the internal combustion engine (4), a level pipe (5) which defines the oil level in a sump (6) and an apparatus (3) for transferring lubricant. The apparatus (3) for transferring lubricant makes it possible to transfer lubricant both from the container (1) to the internal combustion engine (4) and from the internal combustion engine (4) to the container (1).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for pumping oil in a machine. The apparatus and method includes a first gear drivably connected to the machine, a second gear connected to the machine such that a set of teeth located on the first gear engage a set of teeth located on the second gear, an oil inlet port located near the teeth of the first gear slightly before a point of engagement of the teeth of the first and second gears, and an oil outlet port located at the point of engagement of the teeth of the first and second gears.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to enable the reliable compression ignition from starting of a pilot oil ignition gas engine in whose cylinder head there is provided a precombustion chamber unit with pilot injection valve that has liquid fuel injection valves and a precombustion chamber by using the injection of pilot oil from the liquid fuel injection valves, and to thereby allow the engine to be started smoothly. The position of a fuel rack (fuel control rod) that controls the discharge quantity of fuel injection pumps that feed pilot oil to the liquid fuel injection valves is controlled by a control apparatus via a rack control actuator (a position control actuator). In addition, the control apparatus counts the engine speed from pulses generated by a speed sensor and, in a region where the engine speed is low, sets the discharge quantity of the fuel injection pumps to a large quantity.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internally pressurized component, the inside of which contains a bore extending in its longitudinal direction, which has a number of connecting parts. In order to permit the geometry of the bore to be optimized, the cross section of the bore is non-cylindrical in a middle part and has a cylindrical cross section in at least one end region of the end parts, wherein the cross section of the middle part transitions continuously into the cross section of the end part.

Abstract: A fluid damper includes a hollow body portion, a first end and a second end. The hollow body portion has a corrugated or shaped outer surface and is filled with a compressible medium. The first and second ends of the damper contact the inner wall of the fluid-carrying line to stabilize the position of the damper within the fluid-carrying line to optimize dampening of the pressure pulsations in the fluid. The damper is formed by extruding or forming the hollow body portion into the desired shape, trimming the hollow body portion to the desired length, crimping and sealing the first and second ends by a heat staking process. The damper can be made from a material or materials that is impermeable and resistant to the fluid within the fluid system. The damper is integrally formed, thereby eliminating welding or manufacturing steps and reducing cost of manufacture.

Abstract: The detected values of a common rail pressure that were detected by a pressure sensor are read within crank angle periods &Dgr;t which are at least not more than half of a pumping cycle &Dgr;T of a supply pump, the values detected within one pumping cycle preceding a reading time (for example, S(1), S(0), . . . S(−4)) are averaged during each of the reading times, and the value thus obtained (for example, Pav(1)) is used as a common rail pressure after averaging processing, which is a representative value or a control value of the actual common rail pressure. The feedback control of common rail pressure is executed by using the values of common rail pressure after averaging processing thus computed by moving averaging. Consequently, the actual common rail pressure is converted into values suitable for control, and the feedback control of common rail pressure is executed with higher accuracy.

Abstract: A control for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine reduces exhaust emissions and prevents catalytic converter damage due to detected cylinder misfiring. The engine cylinders are individually monitored for misfiring, and when misfiring is detected in a given cylinder, fueling for that cylinder is suspended and the intake and exhaust valves for that cylinder are maintained closed to trap the unburned air/fuel charge for a predetermined number of engine cycles or until the mixture is ignited. If several successive air/fuel charges in a given cylinder fail to ignite using this procedure, the intake and exhaust valves for that cylinder are maintained closed to disable the cylinder until the engine can be serviced.

Abstract: A fuel injection amount control apparatus estimates an intake air amount for a present or coming suction stroke of a cylinder based on an estimated throttle opening, and calculates a pre-correction estimated necessary fuel amount based on the intake air amount. The apparatus also calculates an actual intake air amount based on an actual throttle opening at the end of the previous suction stroke, and calculates an actual necessary fuel amount based on the actual intake air amount.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine including a plurality of cylinders, a fuel injection system and method sets an amount of fuel injected into each cylinder sequentially in a first cycle of fuel injection during a normal engine start in which an engine speed increases, such that an amount of fuel to be injected into one of the cylinders where the last injection is to be performed within the first cycle is larger than an amount of fuel to be injected into another one of the cylinders in the first injection within the first cycle.

Abstract: A rotary compressor machine, such as a combustion air charger, includes a rotatable shaft (18) having at least one compressor wheel (20,22) thereon and disposed within a housing (12,14). A donut-shaped heat exchanger (36) is located within the housing (12,14) between the compressor wheel (22) and an outlet (32) from the housing and has radially inner and outer peripheries (40,42). The outer periphery (40) defines an inlet for the heat exchanger (36) for gas discharged by the compressor wheel (20). The heat exchanger is provided with radially inner and outer flow paths defined by tubes (92) and includes a combined manifold and tank (44) which is secured and sealed to a header plate (88) receiving the tubes (92). The combined manifold and tank (44) includes first, second and third axially spaced walls (96,98,100) with each having a central opening (110,112,114).

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation device in accordance with the present invention has an exhaust gas recirculation valve interposed between the exhaust system and the intake system of an internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas recirculation cooler for cooling exhaust gas sent from the exhaust gas recirculation valve to the intake system, and a bypass valve that bypasses the exhaust gas recirculation cooler and sends the exhaust gas to the intake system. The exhaust gas recirculation cooler is put adjacently between the exhaust gas recirculation valve and the bypass valve.

Abstract: An ignition control circuit and method of operation provides a very simple but highly effective prevention of engine reverse rotation upon starting by prohibiting ignition when a reverse rotation situation arises.

Abstract: An adapter assembly for releasably interconnecting a pressurized bottle with a paintball marker, wherein the adapter assembly includes a piercing pin moveable between retracted position and an extended position. The adapter assembly includes an internally threaded female socket for releasably engaging the pressurized bottle, and an externally threaded male head for releasably engaging a corresponding female connector on the paintball marker. The spacing of the threaded connections and the travel of the piercing pin are selected such that the piercing pin punctures a frangible seal of the pressurized bottle subsequent to fluid interconnection of both the pressurized bottle and the paintball marker with the adapter assembly.

Abstract: A dampening device for reducing torque and vibration present within an bow after casting an arrow is disclosed. In one embodiment, the dampening device includes a body portion, a substantially wedge-like extension extending from the body portion, and a planar surface connected to the body portion and configured to be secured to a bow.

Abstract: A rack oven having an oven interior, an access door, a baking chamber, a passive steam generator, and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a chamber containing burners, an undivided exhaust collection plenum positioned above the burner chamber, and a plurality of straight heat exchange tubes extending upwardly between and communicating with the burner chamber and the collection plenum. A blower circulates air within the oven interior among the heat exchange tubes, the steam generator and the baking chamber, and the steam generator produces steam using the circulating air heated by the heat exchange tubes.

Abstract: A disposable, easy-to-install, flexible, fire-resistant, multi-sectional oven liner is adapted to be conformed to the inner surfaces of a barbeque grill in order to improve the cooking properties and to contain splatter from food products cooking therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oven comprising a sealing element (2) that, for sealing an oven door, rests only against a cool area (14) of an oven flange (4) without contacting the hot area (12) of the oven flange.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a range hood. The hood body (20) of the range hood consists of a lower plate (22) having perforations for sucking air from the kitchen into the hood body, with an inward locking flange (23, 23′) formed along the top edge of each sidewall of the lower plate. Two guide panels (21, 21′), each having a locking part, are assembled with the lower plate (22) by an engagement of their locking parts with the inward locking flanges. A double absorption filter (30) is installed inside the hood body so as to remove oil, dust and other impurities from exhaust air by means of an air vortex effect. The range hood also has a hood cover (10), an exhaust duct (11), a fan motor (13), an exhaust fan (12), and a ventilation duct (14) to discharge exhaust air to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Frying ingredients are fry-cooked within a frying oil layer used for fry cooking, under the conditions meeting a relationship of HA/SA1/2=0.6 to 3.5, where SA denotes the surface area of the frying oil layer and HA denotes the height from the bottom to the surface of the frying oil layer.

Abstract: A quick and easy to use campfire, fueled by portable bottles of propane gas connected thru a variable high-pressure regulator that is used to adjust the fireball size. The burner assembly is a round tube used as a manifold and bent in an annular shape using the size and location of the orifices to produce the shape, activity and texture of the campfire flame. The aluminum windscreen provides a base, with folding legs, that holds the burner, and providing a protective wind buffer for the flames. The windscreen also provides a reflective heat shield for the resting surface located under the legs, and is used to dissipate the internal heat for quick cooling.

Abstract: A portable concave reflector assembly having a hub member, a plurality of blade members radiating from the hub member, hub interlocking means for holding each of the blade members in selectively locked and secured relation with respect to the hub member, and blade interlocking means for holding each of the blade members in selectively locked and secured relation with respect to each adjacent one of the blade members. Each one of the blade members is identical in size and shape to each other one of the blade members. Together, the hub member and the blade members of the portable concave reflector assembly form a continuous reflective front face in three hundred and sixty degrees about the hub member. The reflector assembly has a concave, dish-shaped profile that is capable of directing incident radiant and electromagnetic energy to a focal area and has utility as a portable cooking apparatus.

Abstract: A composite medical equipment having the phlegm extraction and mist spraying functions includes a compressor, a phlegm storage container, and a mist sprayer. Thus, the composite medical equipment can provide the phlegm extraction and mist spraying functions simultaneously, thereby reducing cost of the equipment, and thereby facilitating the user using the composite medical equipment.

Abstract: Bioactive agents are topically administered or delivered to a mucous membrane by a jet dispenser using inkjet technology, such as that used in printing. The dispenser propels precise volumes of droplets or powder for administration to a subject, such as being inhaled through the mouth or nose. A controller in the dispenser may control delivery of multiple different drugs, timing of drug administration, or change drug regimens in response to a changing medical condition of a patient, such as those monitored by a sensor in communication with the controller, for example to prevent an overdose. Administration methods are also provided, along with replacement kits.

Abstract: There is provided a pressure-responsive means (40) suitable for use in an inhaler, the pressure-responsive means (40) comprising a closed frame (42) over which is fixed a membrane (44), a tongue (46) being supported on the membrane (44). Two upstanding wings (50) are integrally moulded with the tongue (46) and incorporate square apertures (52). A method of manufacturing the pressure-responsive means (40) is also provided.

Abstract: A device and method for deagglomerating powder agglomerates for inhalation. The device includes an inlet connected to a chamber and to a powder source for supplying the chamber with powder agglomerates and a flow of gas that define a swirling fluid flow inside the chamber. The device also includes an outlet connected to the chamber for inhalation such that the swirling fluid flow in the chamber can exit from the chamber as a longitudinal fluid flow that is directed along a longitudinal axis of the outlet, and a secondary fluid flow that is directed away from the longitudinal axis of the outlet. A mesh in the outlet prevents powder agglomerates above a predetermined size from traversing the mesh, and reduces the secondary fluid flow relative to the longitudinal fluid flow exiting from the chamber to thereby reduce powder deposition in a mouth and throat of a user.

Abstract: A continuous positive pressure device which includes an air reservoir connected to a delivery device (e.g. mask or mouthpiece) by an air supply hose; the reservoir includes a rigid protective housing and a plate which applies uniform pressure on the reservoir irrespective of its degree of inflation; the plate is connected to the housing by a non distorting and expandable frame which can expand or contract to permit movement of the plate only in a single plane, as the reservoir inflates or deflates.

Abstract: A gas supply and monitoring system is provided for use in many medical system which can include, but is not limited to, a sedation and analgesia system, anesthesia machines, dental gas systems, and veterinary systems which deliver gasses. The gas supply and monitoring system can include a gas source; a variable size orifice system connected to the gas source wherein the variable size orifice system has a gas output supply opposite of the gas source; and a sensor system connected to the gas output supply wherein the sensor system can be used to verify a patient receives the appropriate gas output supply.

Abstract: A system (A) for providing single continuous dose of a gaseous heliox mixture to a patient with breathing difficulty includes a device (1) providing a constant and continuous flow of the heliox mixture, and a gas storage tank (2) for the mixture. A flow control is selectively operated to initiate flow of the heliox to the patient. It has a locking mechanism to prevent it from being turned off after the flow begins. The regulator can be reset for reuse by a service entity.

Abstract: Then invention refers to a device for a respirator. A pipe member (2) is arranged to be intodruced into the tracheaof a patient. The respirator (1) is arranged to supply inhalation gas va the pipe member (2) to the lungs of the patient and to discharge exhalation gas via the pipe member (2) from the lungs of the patient. At least a first passage (5-7) connects the pipe member (2) to the respirator (1) and is at least arranged to permit discharge f he exhalation gas. A second passage (5, 6, 14) extends between the pipe member (2) and a source (13), which provides a sub-pressure. A third pasage connectsthe pipe member to the respirator and is arranged ot perment and supply of inhalation gas. A valve arrangement (20) is, in an active state during a short period of time, arranged to keep the second passage (5, 6, 14) open.

Abstract: An oro-nasal mask primarily for aircrew comprising a body shaped to fit around and enclose a wearer's nose and mouth. The mask has sealing means around the periphery thereof to make a seal with the wearer's face when fitted thereto, the sealing means comprising a resilient member provided around the periphery of the body which, in use, locates the mask on the wearer's face so that it makes a seal therewith and a flexible sealing membrane overlying said resilient member and operable independently thereof to reinforce said seal when pressurised breathable gas is supplied to the interior of the mask.

Abstract: A female condom is provided that includes a pouch of resilient membranous material and a hydrophilic cling mechanism. According to an embodiment of the invention, the cling mechanism includes three or more foam cling elements attached to an outer surface of the pouch. Upon insertion, the foam cling elements cling lightly to vaginal walls proximate a transition zone between the vagina's introitus and its rugated internal tissue. The foam cling elements may be shaped to permit them to nestle into a user's rugated internal vaginal tissue. An inserter may be coupled to the pouch for facilitating insertion of the condom. The inserter may retain a distal portion of the pouch in a collapsed form. The cling mechanism may be contained within the dissolvable inserter. The inserter may be dissolvable in the presence of vaginal moisture. Methods are also provided for collapsing the pouch and compressing it into an insertion package.

Abstract: A performance enhancing and force absorbing mouthguard adapted to fit the upper teeth of the mouth of an athlete wherein the mouthguard is of a composite material. The first internal layer is a nonsoftenable flexible framework which will permit the mouthguard to hold its shape during fitting as well as to absorb and dissipate significant impact conveyed to the upper teeth. The framework includes hard, durable bite plate wedges which lower the condyle from the temporomandibular joint in a fulcrum action to place the lower jaw in an optimum condition preventing impingement upon the nerves and arteries as well as spacing the upper and lower teeth apart. Elastomeric traction pads are on the bottom of the mouthguard and are grippingly engaged by the posterior teeth of the lower jaw. The elastomeric pads extend forwardly to form an anterior impact brace on the front of the mouthguard.

Abstract: A gum based chewing product, particularly a chewing/bubble gum, contains a synthetic or natural betel nut source, an alkaloid-like composition such as nicotine or other such alkaloids like caffeine, theine etc. from natural or synthetic origin for its source. The product preferably has taste enhancers like lime and/or catechu. A process for preparing the gum based chewing product. The product has improved high smoothness, less saliva generation, excellent overall taste and chewing properties. The gum pieces deliver 1 to 12.6 mg of nicotine per piece.