Abstract: An optical module having a TO-can structure is disclosed, wherein frequency characteristics have been improved in order to make high-speed transmission possible. The optical module comprising a silicon optical bench wherein a V-groove is formed, a laser diode disposed on the V-groove of the silicon optical bench, which emits light, a photo diode which receives the light and converts it into current, a stem wherein the silicon bench and the photo diode have been disposed, and a plurality of leads coupled to the stem, to provide electric signals with the laser diode and the photo diode.

Abstract: This invention relates to a multi-ch optical transceiver module, which comprises: (1) a plurality of optical subassembly (OSA) units, for transforming the received multi-ch optical signals to multi-ch electrical signals, and transforming the multi-ch electrical signals to be transmitted to multi-ch optical signals respectively; (2) a plurality of special signal processing IC units, for disposing the multi-ch electrical signals received from said OSA units and for outputting the multi-ch electrical signals to be transmitted to said OSA units after disposal; (3) an electrical connector unit, for outputting multi-ch electrical signals received from said special signal processing IC units and inputting multi-ch electrical signals to be transmitted to the special signal processing IC units before transmitting. This multi-ch transceiver module is mainly used at switch devices at center office of telecom and datacom network. It also can be used in high-density environment.

Abstract: A system and method for the transmission of optical signals via optical fibres in a building provided with a system of conduits for electric wires. The optical fibers are ducted through the same conduits as the electric wires. The optical fibres are fitted to the same wall or ceiling terminals as the electric wires. The terminals can comprise connectors to which the optical fibers are fitted, or optical transceivers. The terminals can also comprise electrically supplied modules for amplifying, processing, routing or converting the optical signals. Monitoring, controlling, processing etc. of the optical signals can be done in a central element, in the proximity of a central module for monitoring etc. the electric energy in the building.

Abstract: A flexible multifiber fiber optic jumper is provided with a multifiber ferrule mounted to a first end of optical fibers and at least one ferrule mounted to the second end of the optical fibers. The flexible multifiber fiber optic jumper also has a protective covering over at least a portion of the plurality of optical fibers with the plurality of optical fibers being free to move relative to one another within the protective covering. The flexible multifiber fiber optic jumper may also have a transition boot to bend it through a predetermined angle and a furcation body to allow for multiple connectors at one end.

Abstract: A method for transferring a large number of fiber ends of a bundle of light wave guides, especially glass, quartz or plastic fibers, into a large number of specified positions with the aid of an alignment apparatus which includes openings the size of which can be varied in a specified range. The method includes passing the glass, quartz or plastic fiber ends through the openings of the alignment apparatus, whereby the size of the openings are selected such that only one end of the large number of glass, quartz or plastic fiber ends can pass through each opening. The size of the openings is then reduced so that the glass, quartz or plastic fiber ends are moved to the specified positions.

Abstract: A leached fiber bundle with the light outlet points positioned as accurately as possible is provided, in which the end faces are not completely fused together, but rather are only fused together at their contact surfaces. The interstices formed are permanently filled with adhesives with the aid of a pressure reduction. To protect the optical fibers from mechanical load, adhesives are introduced into the transition region between the fixed end region and a flexible region. This allows the leached fiber bundles to be produced more economically and also improves their service life.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical device. The optical device comprises a waveguide core and a nanocomposite material optically coupled to the waveguide core. The nanocomposite material includes a plurality of quantum dots. The nanocomposite material has a nonlinear index of refraction &ggr; that is at least 10−9 cm2/W when irradiated with an activation light having a wavelength &lgr; between approximately 3×10−5 cm and 2×10−4 cm.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a light propagating probe comprises a step of sharpening a light-propagating body having a sharpened section formed on an optical fiber, a step of forming the light-propagating body into a hook shape close to the sharpened section, a metal film coating step for forming a transparent opening section in a tip section, a step of protecting the transparent opening section with a resist material, a step of forming a reflecting surface for a light lever method, a step for metal film coating a spring operating part to the rear from the hook-shaped section, and a step of removing the resist material protecting the transparent opening section.

Abstract: A dispersion flattened non-zero dispersion shifted optical waveguide fiber which includes a central core region surrounded by an outer cladding region, the central core region having an alpha less than 4. The optical fiber has a dispersion at a wavelength of about 1550 nm of between about 4 ps/nm/km and about 8 ps/nm/km, and a dispersion slope of less than 0.025 ps/nm2/km at every wavelength between about 1525 nm and 1650 nm.

Abstract: A multi-level waveguide to transmit light through a series of substrates. The multi-level waveguide is made up of stacked substrates, each containing a two dimensional array of transparent material filled vias. Transparent materials such as optical fiber, cladding, and gas may be used to provide a pathway for light. Optionally, a conductive layer may be deposited on a substrate in the multi-level waveguide. The conductive layer can then interact with the multi-level waveguide through light detecting devices such as photodetectors.

Abstract: Optical interconnect layers and methods of fabrication thereof are described. In addition, the optical interconnect layers integrated into devices such as backplane (BP), printed wiring board (PWB), and multi-chip module (MCM) level devices are described. A representative optical interconnect layer includes a first cladding layer, a second cladding layer, one or more waveguides having a waveguide core and an air-gap cladding layer engaging a portion of waveguide core, wherein the first cladding layer and the second cladding layer engage the waveguide.

Abstract: The present invention describes an “L”-shaped sub-component for a hollow reflective tube used as integrator and/or angle converter for an illumination system. Furthermore, this invention details methods of manufacturing such hollow reflective tubes comprising (1) the steps of forming “L”-shaped sub-components substrates with or without self-alignment and/or mounting features, (2) applying a reflective coating to the inside of said sub-components (3) and assembling said sub-components into hollow tubes. Preferably both sides of the “L”-shaped sub-components have identical spectral and angular dependent coating performance. A particularly suitable method for manufacturing these sub-components substrates is molding them in plastic and over-coating them with a base coating layer to enhance their specular reflectivity.

Abstract: An optical fiber array having a plurality of optical-fiber bare fibers disposed in alignment between two opposing plate members, which is characterized in that optical-fiber bare fibers 5 are disposed in contact with a flat surface of a plate member A, an adjustment layer 7 is interposed between another plate member B and the plate member A, where the back of the plate member B is made to serves as a disposition standard surface 3, and the adjustment layer, which fulfills conditions of (dmax+r)<H where the desired preset distance from i) a central line of the optical-fiber bare fibers which is formed by connecting central points of end cross sections in the optical-fiber bare fibers disposed in alignment to ii) the disposition standard surface is represented by H, the maximum value of the thickness dimension in the plate member B by dmax, and the radius of the optical-fiber bare fibers by r, compensates a deviation from the preset distance H that is caused by a non-uniformity in thickness dimension in

Abstract: A system and method is provided for attenuating a light signal. One embodiment includes a method for causing optical attenuation in a waveguide, where the waveguide has an input port for receiving a light signal and an output port for output of an attenuated light signal. First, an electric field is generated in at least a portion of the waveguide, such that a first refractive index in that portion of the waveguide is changed to a second refractive index. Next, the light signal in the waveguide is directed from the input port to the output port through the electric field. And lastly, the light signal is attenuated as a function of the electric field. The light signal may be attenuated, for example, by changing the deflection angle, changing the beam collimation width or from emitting part of the light signal from the waveguide before the light signal reaches the output port.

Abstract: Disclosed is an MEMS variable optical attenuator comprising a substrate having a planar surface, a micro-electric actuator arranged on the planar surface of the substrate, a pair of optical waveguides having a receiving end and a transmitting end, respectively, and coaxially aligned with the other while being arranged on the planar surface, an optical shutter movable to a predetermined position between the receiving end and the transmitting end of the optical waveguides, and driven to move by the micro-electric actuator, and a surface layer formed on the optical shutter, having reflectivity less than 80% so as for incident light beams to partially transmit thereinto, and having a characteristic of light extinction, thereby extinguishing the partially transmitted light beams therein.

Abstract: Disclosed is an MEMS variable optical attenuator comprising a substrate having a planar surface, optical fibers having an optical signal transmitting end and an optical signal receiving end, respectively, coaxially arranged on the substrate, a micro-electric actuator arranged on the substrate for providing a driving stroke along a direction perpendicular to an optical axis of the optical beam, at least one lever structure arranged on the substrate for receiving the driving stroke of the micro-electric actuator at a first end thereof and transferring an amplified displacement distance to an optical shutter through a second end thereof, an optical shutter arranged on the substrate and connected to the second end of the lever structure so as to be moved by the amplified displacement distance, thereby being displaced to an attenuation position of the optical beam.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymer compositions which enable thermooptic control of signal attenuation in the ultraviolet, visible and near infrared (NIR) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and devices incorporating such compositions. The compositions are derived from polymer mixtures which exhibit a cloud point phase transition at a temperature in the range of a thermooptically controlled device such as a programmable waveguide attenuator, a programmable neutral density filter, or an optically absorbent switch. An especially preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a mixture of a high molecular weight chlorotrifluoroethylene fluid and a wax with an “ON-state” insertion loss of below 0.1 dB/cm and an extinction ratio of 22 dB/cm in the 1550 nm NIR telecommunication band.

Abstract: In a recording/reproduction device, a type of recording medium which is currently selected is shown to the user on its small built-in monitor screen in a user-friendly manner and, for more user convenience, a background color of the screen is changed depending on the type of recording medium selected by the user. The user can know the currently selected type of recording medium from the screen's background color so it is possible to identify very quickly the type of recording medium even on a small monitor screen.

Abstract: A recording unit (3) for recording image information and/or audio information onto a replaceable tape-shaped recording medium (10), filing units (5), (8) for filing the image information and/or the audio information which have been written onto the replaceable tape-shaped recording medium (10) by the recording unit (3), and a file information writing/reading unit (6) for writing/reading, in a non-contact state, file information of file into a random accessible memory unit (22) provided in a manner associated with the replaceable tape-shaped recording medium (10) are provided to thereby realize an information processing apparatus.

Abstract: A single control allows selection and display of different video sequences from a DVD. No screen graphics are necessary to assist the user with operation, such as to show which buttons correspond to which sequences. A dedicated control, such as a button on a DVD player or television remote control device, is used to switch between two possible video tracks, or to otherwise select among multiple video tracks. Full-screen video tracks can be displayed without the need for visual indicators, such as thumbnail images, to identify selectable video tracks associated with different controls. Another aspect of the invention allows for modification of control information, such as navigation information, within a playback device.

Abstract: There is disclosed an image recording apparatus capable of obtaining a record, in which an original image is reproducible, in the event that an image correcting processing is applied to the original image to perform a recording. The corrected image subjected to the correcting processing is recorded onto a first media. At least either one of the original image and a set of image and information capable of reproducing the original image is recorded onto a second media.

Abstract: A digital signal recording/reproducing apparatus having a mode for recording a compressed input signal on a recording medium and a mode for recording a non-compressed input signal on the recording medium. The apparatus include input circuits which input a digital compressed signal and an analog non-compressed signal, an A/D converter, a data compressor, a mode change-over circuit which changes-over the mode, and a selector which selects either a digital compressed signal from the data compressor or a digital compressed signal from the input circuit. A recorder records a recording signal to a recording medium and a reproducer.

Abstract: At the transmitter side, carrier waves are modulated according to an input signal for producing relevant signal points in a signal space diagram. The input signal is divided into, two, first and second, data streams. The signal points are divided into signal point groups to which data of the first data stream are assigned. Also, data of the second data stream are assigned to the signal points of each signal point group. A difference in the transmission error rate between first and second data streams is developed by shifting the signal points to other positions in the space diagram expressed at least in the polar coordinate system. At the receiver side, the first and/or second data streams can be reconstructed from a received signal. In TV broadcast service, a TV signal is divided by a transmitter into, low and high, frequency band components which are designated as a first and a second data streams respectively.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus displays representative images of clips recorded on a recording medium in list form, reproduces part of data after a front end of the clip corresponding to the representative image selected from among the displayed representative images from the recording medium to store the part of the data in a memory, and starts readout of the part of data stored in the memory in response to a reproduction start instruction.

Abstract: In a PVR, when a prescribed type of data is present in external equipment connected to the PVR via an external connection portion, the prescribed type of data is read from the external equipment, and the read data is stored in an HDD. The prescribed type of data stored in the HDD is written into the external equipment connected to the PVR via the external connection portion, based on an operation by a user. After the prescribed type of data is read from the external equipment, the PVR may erase the prescribed type of data with respect to the external equipment.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for recording and playback of contents involving at least one receiving/storage unit and at least one storage/playback unit, with the at least one receiving/storage unit in each case recording contents, placing them in interim storage, managing them, and deleting them as appropriate in accordance with a first rule set assigned to it, and at least a part of the contents in each case being transferred to the at least one storage/playback unit in accordance with a second rule set and there stored, managed, and deleted as appropriate in accordance with the assigned second rule set. On the basis of the first and second rule sets, large quantities of contents can be recorded, stored, managed, and again deleted as appropriate in an optimized fashion for a user.

Abstract: This invention facilitates a genre setting made when program data is newly recorded. A search is conducted to determine whether a day of week, a channel, a recording start time, and a recording end time as recording information on newly recorded program data coincide with recording information in a genre database for previously recorded program data. If the recording information coincident with the new recording is present, a genre for the coincident recording information is set as a genre for the new recording information. If no coincident recording information is present, the new recording information is set as recording information without a genre.

Abstract: In a conditional access system, a headend transmits content to one or more receivers in encrypted transport streams. The system provides a multi-layer security architecture, rendering the system resistant to key replay attacks; if one layer is circumvented, subsequent layers remain intact. A first layer prevents unencrypted keys from being recorded by shielding the unencrypted keys from users and encrypting the path from the receiver's conditional access module to the transport decryption module; a second layer prevents a key recorded on one receiver from being played back to the transport decryption module on a second receiver; a third layer prevents a user from decrypting transport streams without the encryption module by encrypting the stream a second time prior to being passed through any user-accessible memory or processor. Events tables are transmitted with the transport stream, either unencrypted for immediate use or encrypted, to prevent unauthorized use.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus comprises a reproducing unit that reproduces a plurality of information data (media data which include movie data, still image data, and audio data), and management information, which contains duration information indicating reproduction durations of the information data, from a recording medium, and a control unit that controls a reproduction operation of the information data by the reproducing unit on the basis of the duration information reproduced by the reproducing unit, and reproduction control information (a play list) indicating a reproduction sequence of the plurality of information data.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus has a control portion for, based on address information and authentication information read out from an optical disk, providing access to a specific server via a communication line, thereby acquiring extensible information, and a reproducing portion for reproducing and outputting the acquired extensible information. In this optical disk apparatus, if an optical disk is not provided, authentication processing cannot be carried out, and extensible information cannot be acquired. Thus, extensible information can be reproduced with security.

Abstract: A multimedia data recording apparatus, a multimedia data reproducing apparatus, and multimedia data storage include a first layer storing multimedia data; and a second layer in which, when the multimedia data is divided into a record unit and a reproduction unit, information of attributes of the record unit and a relationship between the record unit and the reproduction unit are described with a markup language using elements and the attributes. Navigation data, which is used to control a selection of the reproduction unit and reproduction sequence, is recorded on a third layer.

Abstract: When data of image information is compressed and is recorded on a recording medium, additional information about the image information is recorded in a conveniently usable state. There is provided read/write unit information as a unit of reading and writing the compressed image information to the recording medium. The read/write unit information contains a plurality of units of decoding and reproducing unit information that comprises one frame (or one field) of the image information. At least one piece of decoding and reproducing unit information is subject to compression encoding through the use of only image information in the decoding and reproducing unit. In the read/write unit information, there is multiplexed and recorded additional information about the decoding and reproducing unit information for a plurality of units within the read/write unit in an extractable manner separately from the compressed image information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of grouping still pictures recorded on a recording medium for the purpose of efficient management. The present method records still pictures onto a recording medium, groups the recorded still pictures based on their attributes and attributes of recorded audio data associated with respective still pictures, creates management information about each still-picture group, and writes the group management information onto the recording medium. Owing to the recorded group management information, a user can easily and rapidly find many still pictures on a recording medium that have been obtained in the same photographing condition.

Abstract: To reduce the size of a filming apparatus for recording information on an optical disc type recording medium, it is constructed such that: supporting portions for mounting a grip belt are provided on two structural members (not a cartridge cover) constituting a main body, respectively arranged on both sides of the filming apparatus; the optical disc is inserted or removed vertically with respect to a filming direction; a round-shaped cartridge is used as a cartridge whose dimension is: 5.2 mm in thickness, 80 mm in length (or width) of the disc plane, and 80 mm+5 mm in width (or length) of the disc plane; the angle between the opened cartridge cover and the filming apparatus to the line along an axis of supporting points of the cartridge cover is within the range from 23° to 34°; and a motor is used to open the cartridge cover.

Abstract: A data recording and reproducing apparatus (11) which generates a plurality of divided data through dividing input data DI using a distributor (22) if recording data, while generating redundancy-code data P1 and P2 using Read-Solomon-code data which can perform error-correcting on a plurality of divided data, and records the divided data and the redundancy-code data P1, P2 on HDDs 211 to 21K, 281 and 28Z. The data recording and reproducing apparatus (11) reproduces the divided data and the redundancy-code data from the HDDs 211 to 21K, 281 and 28Z, performs error-correcting processing on the divided data based on the redundancy-code data by an error corrector (31), and outputs the divided data which have been error-corrected after multiplying the divided data by a data multiplier (32) if reproducing data.

Abstract: A method of reproducing data from a recording medium, wherein each of the data includes reference time information indicating a reference time and packet information, includes the steps of rearranging the data on a time axis such that a time interval between adjacent data is equal to a difference between respective reference times indicated by the reference time information of the adjacent data, and outputting the rearranged data at an output rate equal to or greater than a data rate of the data. The packet information includes at least video packet information into which a compressed video signal data stream is divided, and audio packet information into which a compressed audio signal data stream is divided.

Abstract: In a video disk player for playing back a disk containing a plurality of music pieces, each recorded as a combination of video data and corresponding audio data, a picture-search process section for mainly searching the video data includes an audio-data buffer memory, and upon receipt of a picture search instruction, audio data of a music piece previously designated to be continuously played back is recorded. When the picture search is performed, the video data of the music pieces contained in the disk is sequentially played back for a predetermined time interval, for example, 30 seconds, on the basis of an instruction of a video-data playback control section for search. On that occasion, the video disk player continuously plays back the audio data of the specific music piece recorded in the buffer memory regardless of change-over of the video data.

Abstract: In a disk storage apparatus for accessing a disk drive according to a data access request accompanied by recording or reproduction from plural applications, a disk driver secures a buffer area for guaranteeing a predetermined throughput in a memory according to a data access request accompanied by recording or reproduction from the plural applications. The disk driver issues a command corresponding to each data access request to the disk drive so as to control read/write access of stream data.

Abstract: A kiosk for capturing an image. The kiosk includes a housing having a width and a continuous curved surface; a digital image capture device adapted to capture an image, the image capture device disposed in a portal in the curved surface; a display disposed on the curved surface adapted to display the image captured by the image capture device; a light source disposed within the housing for illumination during the capture of an image by the image capture device, the image capture device being disposed intermediate the display and light source, the light source being configured along the width of the housing; and a data entry device adjacent the curved surface such that the distance from the digital image capture device to an outboard edge of the keyboard defines a minimum image capture distance.

Abstract: In one aspect of the invention, a camera for use with a power supply is provided. The camera has a voltage detecting circuit adapted to detect a voltage level at the power source and to generate a voltage level signal. An image capture system is also provided and performs a set of image capture operations. A controller receives the voltage level signal and prevents the image capture system from capturing an image when the voltage level signal indicates that there is insufficient power available in the power supply to perform all of operation in the set of image capture operations.

Abstract: A driving apparatus includes a rotor rotatable about a rotational axis and having a cylindrical magnet portion whose outer circumferential surface are divided along a circumferential direction into a plurality of differently magnetized portions, at least an outer magnetic pole portion formed extending in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the rotor, and facing the outer circumferential surface of the magnet portion, an inner magnetic pole portion formed opposingly to the outer magnetic pole portion, and facing an inner circumferential surface of the magnet portion, and a coil for magnetically exciting the outer and inner magnetic pole portions. The coil is arranged along a direction of the rotational axis of the rotor. The rotor can be selectively held at one of three stop positions, and a condition of −0.3X+0.

Abstract: A multi-level control system for optical components is disclosed herein. The control of optical components uses the representation of an optical component as an optical function, and the ability to represent a plurality of optical functions as a compound optical function that can be controlled by a higher level controller.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for monitoring an optical signal-to-noise ratio in a WDM optical network. The apparatus includes an orthogonal polarization component module for receiving an optical signal and outputting it after removing a signal component thereof at a specific frequency band; and calculation means for measuring both average signal and noise component intensity of the optical signal outputted from the orthogonal polarization component module. By removing a signal component at a specific frequency bandwidth and passing only a noise component through, it is possible to easily measure the noise intensity within a signal bandwidth that cannot be measured in general. A frequency band is set within a signal bandwidth, and the signal intensity is minimized at the set frequency band, so that it is possible to measure the optical signal-to-noise ratio even for a signal whose amplified spontaneous emission noise spectrum is not flat, irrespective of the signal pattern length.

Abstract: A method for estimating the bit-error-ratio (BER) for a segment or whole of an optical communications network by measuring the actual distribution of bits (1s and 0s) in a transmitted data set as a function of threshold value, and directly estimating the BER at an optimal threshold value using a Q-fitting algorithm.

Abstract: Systems and methods for actively monitoring and managing the integrity of an optical fiber communications link. The optical fiber link integrity is monitored to guard against intrusions and other security breaches. In one embodiment, a local and a remote active monitoring system are coupled by four fiber paths that provide primary and back-up transmit and receive paths between communication equipment. In one embodiment, a security light signal is transmitted using a secondary wavelength that differs from the wavelength used to transmit a user data light signal and travels in an opposite direction relative to the user data light signal. An active monitoring system monitors both administrative information contained within the security light signal and the intensity of the security light signal to manage the integrity of the fiber optic link. Methods are provided to characterize events impacting the fiber optic link integrity.

Abstract: The method for operating an optical transponder, which performs maintenance of a signal in the optical transponder having a digital wrapper in an optical transmission system including multiple layers, includes (a) calling a processor for processing an interrupt when the interrupt is generated from the digital wrapper according to monitoring of a received signal; (b) the called processor detecting what defect is generated in the received signal and detecting whether or not the received signal requires maintenance; (c) performing defect processing in the case that a defect is detected at (b) or is cancelled; and (d) controlling the digital wrapper according to the defect and maintenance processing result.

Abstract: A method for optically copying a packet is provided. The method performs a broadcasting operation of a packet in a subscriber access network based on a wavelength division multiplexing using an optical broadcast module, which is disposed independently from an optical label exchange (OLX) switch. The method includes: (a) dividing the packet, which is received from an optical group exchange (OGX) controlled by the OLX switch, into a header and a payload; (b) applying the payload to an i-th port of the OLX switch; (c) leading the payload to the optical broadcast module by controlling the OLX switch so that when the header represents a label for broadcasting, a corresponding broadcasting port of the OLX switch is set as an output port of the OLX switch; and (d) reframing the header and the payload and transmitting the reframed header and the payload to a backbone network using the optical broadcast module.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention includes a network hub having an active optical encoder and network nodes having passive decoders coupled to the network hub.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention a dispersion compensator is provided for use in a dense wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system. The dispersion compensator comprises a periodic-group-delay dispersion compensation module which provides a portion of the dispersion compensation for a dispersion managed span of the optical communication system. A remaining portion of the dispersion compensation for the dispersion managed span is provided by dispersion compensating fiber. The portions of the dispersion compensation provided by each of the periodic-group-delay dispersion compensation module and the dispersion compensating fiber is selected such that the collision-induced timing jitter is reduced.

Abstract: A system includes multiple agents coupled to an optical bus for transmission of high speed signals and to an electrical bus for transmission of low speed signals. The agents can be memory modules, such as DIMMs. An optical connector housing for coupling the agent to the optical bus can include a reflective device such a mirror, a semi reflective mirror, a pellicle beamsplitter, or the like. The low speed signals can be, for example, power, ground, and supervisory signals. The high speed signals can be, for example, data, address, control, and clock signals.