Abstract: A control module (1) for an injector of an accumulator injection system is used to control and guide a valve body (8). The control module comprises a high pressure supply line (2) for supplying fuel, and a guiding device (3) for guiding the valve body (8). A control room (4), an inlet throttle (5) and an outlet throttle (6) are also provided. The inlet throttle (5) connects the high pressure supply line (2) to the control chamber (4) and the outlet throttle (6) connects the control chamber (4) to a control valve (15). A control piston (7) is arranged in the control chamber (4), the end of the control piston opposite the control chamber (4) being connected to a high pressure region (9) on the valve body (8).

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel injector for an internal combustion engine, comprising a main body having a central cylindrical cavity adapted to act as a duct for the fuel, a valve which is disposed to close an end of the central cylindrical cavity and is provided with a moving shutter, an electromagnetic actuator which is provided with a coil, a fixed armature, and a moving armature mechanically connected to the shutter and adapted to be magnetically attracted by the fixed armature against the action of a spring, and a monolithic tubular member which is disposed coaxially within the central cylindrical cavity and houses the fixed armature and the moving armature.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of disintegrating or reducing the particle size of elemental materials, such as various forms of carbon, and organic crystals that contain minerals and that do not contain minerals. The method include the steps of entraining the material in a gas flow through an inlet of a housing, subjecting the flowing material to a plurality of alternating pressure increases and decreases within the housing, disintegrating the flowing material with the pressure increases and decreases, thereby reducing the mean particle size of the material, and discharging the disintegrated material though an outlet of the housing.

Abstract: A method of improving the palatability and digestability of bales of forage materials comprises carrying a quantity of a molasses based liquid feed supplement in a container mounted on a bale shredder; shredding the bales in the bale shredder and discharging a stream of shredded bale material through a discharge opening in the bale shredder; and spraying the molasses based liquid feed supplement into the stream of shredded bale material as it is discharged and prior to the stream landing on the ground such that the molasses based liquid feed supplement mixes with the shredded bale material and adheres to the shredded bale material. A modified bale shredder and a kit to retrofit existing bale shredders are also provided.

Abstract: A fluid-energy mill for size reduction of a material includes a manifold defining a grinding chamber having a first radius extending from a center of the grinding chamber, a gas inlet, a feed inlet, and an outlet. The feed inlet is positioned such that the material enters the grinding chamber tangent to a second radius extending from the center and larger than the first radius. The fluid-energy mill includes a cover for enclosing the grinding chamber. The manifold defines a non-circular groove around the grinding chamber, and a seal is positioned within the groove. The grinding chamber is cycloid-shaped. The manifold defines a protective pocket and a barrier at a region where the material enters the grinding chamber. The feed inlet includes a feed gas inlet, a material funnel, and a venturi. An intersection of the feed gas inlet and the material funnel form an elliptical hole. The feed inlet is oriented at an angle of about 30 degrees or more to a horizontal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving wear resistance and thoughness about the chip exit opening of the knife base (2′,14′,15) of a disc chipper knife (1′). According to the invenetion, the surface of the knife base bordering the chip exit opening is surface hardened over an edge area (18,18′,18″).

Abstract: A rotor of a spinning reel includes a rotor unit, and a fishing line guide portion. The rotor unit has a body portion that is rotatably mounted on the reel unit, and first and second rotor arms that each extend forward from opposing positions on the outer peripheral surface of the body portion. The fishing line guide portion is mounted only on the first rotor arm. The first and second rotor arms are formed such that a line L1 drawn along the pivot center axis of the fishing line guide portion of and a line L2 drawn through the width-wise center of the second rotor arm and substantially parallel to the first line L1 are on opposite sides of the rotational axis X of the body portion. A spinning reel rotor having a fishing line guide portion arranged on only one rotor arm can maintain high rotational balance.

Abstract: A system disposed in a tape drive, for extracting a magnetic recording tape wound on a single reel in a cartridge received in the tape drive, has a lever arm which moves a gripper hook and a gripper hook follower, in hinged engagement with each other, into and out of the tape cartridge to engage the gripper hook with a leader pin at a free end of the tape. A mechanical gripper switch is rotated after the gripper hook has been moved into the tape cartridge to cause the gripper hook to engage the leader pin. The lever arm then moves the gripper hook follower, the gripper hook and the magnetic tape engaged therewith through a tape guide and through a channel in a take-up reel located in the tape drive, so that the leader pin is positioned at a periphery of the hub of the take-up reel.

Abstract: A magnetic tape cartridge has a single reel including a circular lower flange and a circular upper flange, a magnetic tape which is wound between the upper flange and the lower flange and a cartridge case including a lower case and an upper case. The upper flange closes a circular second opening of the upper case to form a central portion on an upper side of the cartridge case. It has become possible to provide a magnetic tape cartridge that has a reduced total thickness and is also advantageous in terms of costs. A magnetic tape cartridge can be also realized which is unlikely to be damaged even if it is subjected to careless handling.

Abstract: A magnetic tape cartridge is equipped with a cartridge, a single tape reel, a tape leader pin, and a U-shaped clip. The cartridge case is formed by fastening upper and lower cases of synthetic resin together and has a tape leader opening formed in the upper and lower side walls of the upper and lower cases. The single tape reel has magnetic tape wound thereon and is rotatably housed within the cartridge case. The tape leader pin is firmly attached to a leading end of the magnetic tape, and is detachably held in an upright state between the upper and lower cases so that it faces the tape leader opening. The U-shaped clip is attached to walls near the tape leader opening to fasten the upper and lower cases together, whereby the fastening strength of the upper and lower cases is enhanced.

Abstract: A seat belt retractor which achieves more stable performance of a pretensioner is provided. The seat belt retractor includes a spool for winding up a belt thereon. The spool has a shaft portion, a spool gear, and a spring-biased shaft projection which are disposed to project from a face of the spool. A spool bearing (or ring-like collar) is fitted around the shaft portion of the spool. The spool bearing is made of a material having high hardness and high rigidity such as SUS or SC. By this spool bearing, the spool is prevented from being directly subjected to load, like a bearing.

Abstract: A belt retractor comprising a tensioning device having a cylinder and a piston displaceably guided in said cylinder, said piston being provided with a tooth rack section into which a pinion can engage to drive said belt retractor, wherein said tooth rack section comprises at least one segment which is detachably attached to said piston.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mouse cable rewind apparatus having an upper cover, a protection disc, an upper winding disc, a lower winding disc, a cable, a support plate and a lower cover. The upper winding disc and the lower winding disc are attached to each other and disposed within a receiving groove of the upper cover that is connected with the lower cover. A cable head cap of the lower cover is opened to take out the cable head for rapidly extending the cable at a certain length while the cable is rapidly rewound as well by use of a spring and a regulating member. Moreover, a rewinding device is available for attenuating the winding and pulling force on the cable end that is spot-welded on a circuit board and for preventing the strands inside of the conventional mouse cable from being subject to break due to the oxidation of the cable sheathing and the frequent and rapid pull of the cable.

Abstract: A multi-staged missile includes a booster and a submunition delivery vehicle that has one or more submunitions. The booster rapidly accelerates the submunition vehicle, and then separates from the submunition vehicle. The submunition delivery vehicle is then maneuvered to approach a target. Individual submunitions finally separate, and are individually guided to the target. By providing multiple, independently-targeted submunitions, the missile greatly increases the chances of hitting the target.

Abstract: A fluid conduit is provided for use in a hydraulic actuating system for controlling an instrumentality disposed on a rotating portion of a machine. The fluid conduit transports pressurized fluid between a fluid source disposed on a non-rotating portion of the machine and the instrumentality and comprises a rigid tubular member formed in the shape of a helix having at least about 2 revolutions and a non-constant pitch length. The ends of the tube are adapted to be sealingly connected between the fluid source and the instrumentality. The fluid conduit is used, for example, in an apparatus and system for controlling a hydraulic actuator mounted on a rotating blade.

Abstract: A floatation system for attachment to a helicopter landing skid includes a girt dimensioned to be attached to a landing skid and a plurality of floats attached to the elongate girt, wherein the plurality of floats are adapted to be converted from a packed configuration to an deployed configuration, and wherein at least one of the plurality of floats extends beneath the elongate girt when the plurality of floats is in the deployed configuration.

Abstract: An aerodynamic including a main body and a control member. The main body is configured to be connected to a wing of an aircraft. The control member is connected to the main body, the control member including a fixed member secured to the main body and a pivotable member configured to increase a drag of the aircraft without substantially changing a lift of the aircraft.

Abstract: A load-bearing paraglider system includes a load-bearing paraglider with a trailing edge, paraglider straps that connect the load-bearing paraglider with a control unit, and a load suspended on the load-bearing paraglider using load-bearing straps. At least one flaring strand is connected with the trailing edge for implementing control and curved flight maneuvers on the basis of activating the flaring strand using the force of the weight of the load. The control unit has a transmission unit with at least two load-bearing rollers for same direction rolling up of load-bearing straps or paraglider straps as well as at least one flaring strand roller for accommodating a flaring strand whereby the at least one flaring strand is rolled up on the allocated flaring strand roller. The load-bearing strap or the paraglider straps are rolled off in a predetermined direction of rotation with at least one flaring strand being rolled up in the same direction of rotation.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises:

Abstract: A para-seismic support for pipes is disclosed. The support has two support members, each for supporting an end of a pipe on either side of a mechanical joint. The support members are joined to each other. The support is provided with a plurality of holes, at least one of which is for supporting the pipes, and at least one of which is for providing para-seismic protection by attaching the support to a ceiling and by attaching said support to a structure at an angle of no more than 90° from a vertical direction.

Abstract: In an array of cooperating parts useful to form a portable satellite dish antenna mount base an assortment of attachments is provided to secure the base to a marina storage box, structural elements of a stabilized recreational vehicle and also to ground. At the same time the interface between the base and the mount itself may be tapered along interfering tapers to render the assembly and disassembly convenient. Once assembled an end mounting post on the mount is aligned to a vertical alignment with the assistance of a bubble level in the post end to support the dish antenna thereon. The base may further include a magnetic compass to aid in the antenna alignment.

Abstract: A rooftop caddy/jack apparatus that is selectably adjustable to perform as a shingle or other roofing products holder, a toolbox, and a roof jack. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the rooftop caddy/jack includes a unitary caddy tongue and tool repository article in which the caddy tongue in combination with the front face of the tool repository serve as a shingle or other roofing products holder. The rooftop caddy/jack preferably includes a reversible handle that in a first position provides leverage balance when manually carrying the caddy, and in a second user-selectable position, serves as a plank retention member when the rooftop caddy/jack is utilized as a roof jack. In another embodiment, a generally L-shaped roof jack member is detachable from the caddy tongue.

Abstract: A universal support for a rolling up curtain is aimed at being fastened, together with another identical support (100), to a surface (1) for holding opposite heads (93) of a rolling roll (91) of a rolling up curtain (90). The support (100) includes an upright (3) of polygonal section and a bracket (4) extending from the upright (3), in cantilevered fashion with respect to the surface (1). The bracket has, at its distal portion (4b), a seat (5) for receiving and holding the head (93). The terminal portions (30,40) feature front holes (31,41) and lateral holes (32,42) for allowing the universal support (100) to be fastened to different surfaces (1). Other fastening means (80) are made on the upright (3) and include “L”-like grooves (81,82) aimed at assembling the support (100) on a section bar (85). A diagonal strengthening bar (60) is also situated between the distal portion (4a) of the bracket (4) and the upright (3).

Abstract: An arrangement for attaching a hygienic article such that its height will be adjustable incorporates a wall-mounting rod that may be attached to the wall using brackets. The wall-mounting rod incorporates a guiding profile, along which a slide may be slid. The brackets are configured such that they leave the guiding profile clear in order that a slide may be slid past the locations where they engage the wall-mounting rod without hindrance.

Abstract: Part for supporting an item of equipment, comprising support ribs, and method of molding said part The support part has support ribs for holding an item of equipment, in particular an electric motor for a motor vehicle. A mold consisting of at least two cores is provided. These cores are brought toward one another in a direction (D) such that they are in contact with one another along a parting plane. The mold is filled with a moldable material and the cores are moved apart from one another in the given direction (D). The support ribs are provided on the molded part with an angle of inclination with respect to the given direction (D). The ribs follow the parting plane. A clearance is provided in the region of the parting plane between the cores in order to form the ribs during molding.

Abstract: The invention is incorporated in a clamp that can quickly clamp and release an object between two plates. The invention enables a user to quickly clamp an object with one hand and without the need for mechanical assistance to increase the clamping pressure on the clamped object like a screw clamp or a ratcheting clamp. The invention enables a user to quickly clamp and release objects such as bicycles, shotguns and other objects without damaging those objects in the clamping process. The clamp can be mounted to a wall, table or other structure to provide a convenient and easy way to store and mount objects.

Abstract: A table edge mountable U-shaped channel slot device having two spaced arms extending from a base with a slot therebetween. The elevation of the opening at the front of the channel is lightly less than the elevation of the slot at the base. The device is formed from a slightly flexible rigid U-shaped plastic channel overlaid exteriorly only with a wrap layer that may be neoprene. Optionally a layer of a thin rubber sheet is disposed over the interior surface of one arm. The device is adapted to fit over the edge of a table such as a commercial folding table to provide forearm comfort and cleanliness for bingo players by helping the forearm to avoid chemical residue, splinters, dirt, cigarette sears and impact of the hard table edge. Preferably the corners of the arms distant from the base are chamfered.

Abstract: A flag pole anchor is used for holding a flag pole. The flag pole anchor is particularly beneficial in that it allows a flag to be displayed in association with a headstone or monument while causing little or no interference with cemetery ground crews and the like.

Abstract: A seal for a gas turbine engine comprises an internal abradable lining and two interconnecting flanges. The flanges form a U-shaped channel therebetween for the insertion of radially inwardly directed features on the inner ends of a plurality of stator vanes. One or both flanges support the abradable lining via a land.

Abstract: A system for the realization of caissons for containing the concrete during capstan and which are due not to be removed in a following phase, comprising: panels (P) out of bricks or other material having the function of containing the concrete, with air spaces or with spaces filled with insulating material; inserts (IS) for connection panels (P) in vertical as well as in horizontal direction, for hooking the caisson to the reinforced concrete and for the control of the position of the metal reinforcements; containing squares (SQ) that may be realized out of various materials with holes for the hooking of the panels during casting and for the perfect falling plumb of the pillars; connection rods for said squares; nails for fixing said rods and squares; at the end of the concrete casting said last components—nails, rods and squares are removed so as to be used again.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for automatic focusing onto the surface of a sample P, in which sample P is illuminated by a measurement light beam 13 that strikes the sample surface at an incidence angle differing from 0°; light reflected therefrom is detected by means of a position-sensitive receiving surface (23); intensity values as allocated to positions on the receiving surface (23) are recorded and evaluated, and the opening of a field stop (7) is imaged onto the receiving surface (23), thereby generating an image that is smaller than the receiving surface (23).

Abstract: A solid state image pickup device, having: a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of pixels formed on the semiconductor substrate, each pixel having a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements inclusive of a first photoelectric conversion element and a second photoelectric conversion element electrically separated; and a light shielding film formed over the semiconductor substrate, the light shielding film having an opening above each pixel, wherein the first and second photoelectric conversion elements have different saturated exposure amounts. A solid state image pickup device is provided which has a high sensitivity and a broad optical dynamic range.

Abstract: An image can be read during main scanning under an optimized image reading condition even if dust is attached to a document such as a photographic film or the like, or if there are scratches. A scanner irradiates visible light and infrared light from a light source, and an image of the document is separated into infrared and visible components. These components are detected for pixels of the image by an image sensor. A controller, e.g., of the scanner recognizes defective pixels based on the infrared component. Furthermore, the controller corrects a visible component level in the defective pixel based on the infrared component level of the defective pixel and a reference level obtained where there is no defect, in order to create a histogram. The controller determines image reading conditions such as, for example, an exposure amount (exposure time) for use during main scanning and an LUT gradation conversion characteristic based on this histogram.

Abstract: Pixels are disposed on a semiconductor substrate in a matrix shape. Each pixel includes a photodiode, a reset transistor, a source follower transistor and a select transistor. An active region in which the photodiode and transistors are disposed includes a first area in which the photodiode is disposed and a second area having an are elongated in a first direction. Each of the gate electrodes of the reset transistor, source follower transistor and select transistor crosses the area, elongated in the first direction, of the second area. An intra-pixel wiring line interconnects the drain region of the reset transistor and the gate electrode of the source follower transistor.

Abstract: An integration circuit 10 comprises: an amplifier and an integration capacitance section arranged in parallel to each other between an input terminal and an output terminal; and capacitance value switching means for switching the capacitance value of the integration capacitance section into any one of Cf1 through CfK; and inputs electric charge output from a photodiode PD, so as to accumulate the electric charge into the integration capacitance section, so as to output an integration voltage having a value corresponding to the amount of the accumulated electric charge.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical receiver in which a signal detection level is independent on whether a ammeter is connected to a current monitor terminal or not. The optical receiver comprises a photo diode, a first current mirror circuit connected to the photo diode and a second current mirror circuit. The second current mirror circuit has a pair of current path, one of which is connected to the first current mirror circuit and the other of which is connected to the voltage source provided within the optical receiver. The voltage source supplies a bias whether an ammeter is connected to the other of the current path or not. Therefore, the signal detection level attributed to one of the current path is unchanged.

Abstract: Sensor(s) may be such that light-projecting component(s), at which light is irradiated from one or more light-projecting elements by way of lens group(s); and light-receiving component(s), at which at least a portion of light irradiated from such light-projecting component(s) is incident on one or more light-receiving elements by way of lens group(s) after having been reflected, are arrayed therein. Lens group(s) is/are divided into a plurality of lens sets comprising a plurality of lenses. A plurality of lens sets are arranged so as to be inclined in V-shaped fashion such that a plurality of lenses occupy respectively symmetric locations.

Abstract: An intrusion detection system comprises a pair of optical lenses arranged a predetermined distance apart and having overlapping fields of view within an area to be monitored to form a common field of view; at least one light-sensitive device responsive to light from each of the optical lenses; a range detector responsive to signals from the light-sensitive device and operable to determine a range to an object within the common field of view; and a range discriminator for setting at least one range gate to sense objects within the common field of view at predetermined ranges and for ignoring objects outside of the predetermined ranges.

Abstract: Using arrays of optical fibers connected to specially configured electronics, e.g., a phototransistor, an LED, an amplifier, a detector, and display, software and PCMCIA A/D board available on a personal computer, continuous real-time acquisition, processing, and visualization of change in a monitored medium is provided. Many of the individual circuit elements above may be replaced with a power meter in an alternative embodiment. In a specific application, scour data are collected on the depth of sediment below a body of water. As the sediment is eroded by an event, the ends of the optical fibers in the array display a different reflection or transmission coefficient indicating that water has replaced sediment. By knowing which of the optical fiber ends in the array is indicating the changed reflection or transmission coefficient, an estimate of how much scour has occurred is provided. A method of employment of the system is also provided.

Abstract: A movable barrier operator includes an absolute position detector which provides a unique value for each position of the barrier along its path of travel. The absolute position detector employs multiple binary serial streams and one multiple clock stream. After the first five cycles of the clock stream, the binary streams can be decoded by a processor to produce an absolute position. Every clock edge produces a new absolute position along the path of travel.

Abstract: A scanning microscope having an acoustooptical component that splits out illuminating light for illumination of a sample from the output light of at least one light source, and conveys detected light proceeding from the sample to a detector, comprises, in the beam path of the output light from which the illuminating light is split out, at least one monitoring detector which is the measuring element of a control circuit. The scanning microscope is characterized in that fluctuations over time in the illuminating light power level are largely eliminated.

Abstract: An opening fabricating apparatus for creating an opening with desired dimensions at a mask tip of a near-field optical microscope, and a near-field optical microscope using the same are provided. The apparatus comprising: a light source 116; reflection means 140; light detection means 124; press means 128, 130 pressing a probe tip against said reflection means; storage means 142; calculation means 144 figuring out the quantity of light of the reflected light for the acquisition of said opening with desired dimensions from the calibration information stored in said storage means; and press control means 126 controlling pressing of said probe tip against said reflection means so as to allow the quantity of light of said reflected light to become equal to the quantity figured out by said calculation means. The probe opening fabricating apparatus is capable of readily fabricating an opening of desired dimensions with a high reproducibility.

Abstract: An opening fabricating apparatus for creating an opening with desired dimensions at a mask tip of a near-field optical microscope, and a near-field optical microscope using the same are provided. The apparatus comprising: a light source 116; reflection means 140; light detection means 124; press means 128, 130 pressing a probe tip against said reflection means; storage means 142; calculation means 144 figuring out the quantity of light of the reflected light for the acquisition of said opening with desired dimensions from the calibration information stored in said storage means; and press control means 126 controlling pressing of said probe tip against said reflection means so as to allow the quantity of light of said reflected light to become equal to the quantity figured out by said calculation means. The probe opening fabricating apparatus is capable of readily fabricating an opening of desired dimensions with a high reproducibility.

Abstract: The invention provides devices, device configurations and methods for improved sensitivity, resolution and efficiency in mass spectrometry, particularly as applied to biological molecules, including biological polymers, such as proteins and nucleic acids. More particularly, the invention provides methods and devices for analyzing and detecting electrically charged particles, especially suitable for gas phase ions generated from high molecular weight compounds. In one aspect, the invention provides devices and methods for determining the velocity, charged state or both of electrically charged particles and packets of electrically charged particles. In another aspect, the invention provides methods and devices for the time-of-flight analysis of electrically charged particles comprising spatially collimated sources. In another aspect, the invention relates to multiple detection using inductive detectors, improved methods of signal averaging and charged particle detection in coincidence.

Abstract: The measurement throughput and the precision in sample identification are improved in a tandem type mass spectrograph. Thus, in a mass spectrum analyzing system utilizing a tandem type mass spectrograph in which the selection of an ionic species to serve as the measurement target, dissociation thereof and spectral measurement are repeated in n stages, the ionic species to be measured in MSn is selected based on the mass-to-charge ratios (m/z values) obtained as a result of the spectral analysis in MSn−1 (n≧2), and this procedure is repeated until the sequence of a required number of amino acids is determined.

Abstract: There was previously no monitoring method and monitoring apparatus which could measure dioxins at ppt levels and dioxin precursors at ppb levels with high sensitivity.

Abstract: The invention provides a charged particle beam device (1) to inspect or structure a specimen (3) comprising a charged particle beam source (5) to generate a charged particle beam (7), a beam optical system (16) to direct the charged particle beam (7) onto said specimen (3) and a gas supply system (10) providing a gas (12) for the charged particle beam device (1), whereby the gas supply system (10) comprises a plurality of at least ten tubes (14; 15; 22) to direct said gas (12) to a desired region (68) for interaction with the specimen (3). The gas support system enables the charged particle beam device to provide sufficient gas for decharging the specimen with a total gas flow which is significantly lower than the total gas flow of charged particle beam devices using previously known gas supply systems. A lower total gas flow helps to improve the vacuum in the charged particle beam region.

Abstract: A charged particle beam apparatus is provided which comprises a charged particle source for producing a primary beam of charged particles, aperture means for collimating said primary beam of charged particles, wherein said aperture means is adapted to switch between a collimation of said primary beam to a width appropriate for serial imaging of a sample as well as a collimation of said primary beam to a width appropriate for parallel imaging of said sample, a condenser lens for condensing said primary beam of charged particles, scanning means for deflecting said primary beam of charged particles, an objective lens for focusing said condensed primary beam, a sectorized detector for detecting a secondary charged particles. Also, several different operation modes of the beam apparatus are described allowing for serial imaging as well as parallel imaging.

Abstract: Provided is a method for evaluating an organic material in the order of nanometers. According to the present invention, suggested are a device and a method for evaluating an organic material in the order of nanometers, which have not been established in the prior art. In particular, information on energy in transition processes between electron energy levels in an organic material can be obtained with a spatial resolution power of several nanometers or less from the surface direction thereof or the cross-sectional direction thereof. The present invention can also be applied to evaluation of the interface state generated when different materials are jointed to each other. For example, the gradient of the potential or the electric charge state in the interface between an electrode and an organic layer in a semiconductor organic material or an organic luminous device can be evaluated. On the basis of the results, a band diagram of this element can be prepared.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an ultimate analyzer which can display an element distribution image of an object to be analyzed with high contrast to determine the positions of the element distribution with high accuracy, and a scanning transmission electron microscope and a method of analyzing elements using the ultimate analyzer. The present invention exists in an ultimate analyzer comprising a scattered electron beam detector for detecting an electron beam scattered by an object to be analyzed; an electron spectrometer for energy dispersing an electron beam transmitted through the object to be analyzed; an electron beam detector for detecting said dispersed electron beam; and a control unit for analyzing elements of the object to be analyzed based on an output signal of the electron beam detected by the electron beam detector and an output signal of the electron beam detected by the scattered electron beam detector.