Abstract: A detonator (10) has a constant-diameter shell (12) which has a significantly higher shell length-to-diameter (outside diameter) ratio than prior art detonators. The shell (12) is configured to hold an explosive output charge (18) which is cylindrical in configuration and has a charge L:D ratio which is greater than that of prior art constant diameter detonators. As a result, a significant portion of the output signal of the detonator is directed laterally and it is feasible to transfer signals to a plurality of receptor lines disposed along that portion of the length of the detonator which is co-extensive with the length of the explosive output charge (18). A connector block (26) is configured to hold at least one array of receptor lines in side-by-side arrangement along the side of the detonator (10), and transversely to the longitudinal axis of the detonator (10).

Abstract: A solid column explosive charge method for blasting rock includes a hollow gas-filled core component arranged collinearly in concentrically spaced relation within a vertical borehole, the core component being seated upon a first layer of particulate explosive material, and a first annular portion of the particulate explosive material being arranged concentrically about the core component. The first layer and the first annular portion are in engagement to define a continuous explosive column. A plurality of core components together with associated layers and annular portions of the explosive charge may be arranged in a continuous vertical column, the total volume of the core components being from 10 percent to 25 percent of the volume of the explosive column. A top layer of inert fill material is arranged above the core component to close the upper end of the bore opening.

Abstract: An explosion simulator including a chamber at least partially filled with a pyrotechnic material, the chamber being formed with a plurality of holes arranged for fluid products of an explosion of the pyrotechnic material to pass therethrough, and a delaying detonator adapted to detonate the pyrotechnic material, the detonator being adapted to delay onset of the explosion of the pyrotechnic material a period of time after actuation of the detonator.

Abstract: An inexpensive artillery munition of great range and acquisition accuracy for universal use while maintaining the external-ballistic coefficients is afforded when inserted between a standardized tail section (12) and also standardized tip section (13) is a load section (14) which connects the two contours of said sections together and which can be equipped with very different warheads which in particular are optimized against hard targets. For launch into an aerodynamically stabilized ballistic trajectory the tail section (12) is provided with super-calibre stabilization fins (17).

Abstract: The invention relates to a bullet for infantry ammunition comprising a bullet core (1), a bullet tip (13), and a metal case (2). The aim of the invention is to create a durable connection between the bullet core (1) and the metal case (2). To this end, the metal case (2) is a shell, which is open at the front and which is pulled onto the bullet core (1) from the rear. The bullet tip (13) projects away from the metal case (2), and a constriction (4) is provided on the bullet core (1). The case end (5) that is open at the front projects into this constriction.

Abstract: A liner for an explosive shaped charge is formed from a mixture of powdered metals into three or more conical sections wherein the axial height of the first two sections is 30% to 70% of the total liner height. The first conical section may be formed to an included angle of about 20° to about 60°. The second conical section is formed to a greater included angle of about 30° to about 70°. The third conical section is formed to a density less than that of the first and second section and to an included angle that is preferably greater than the first section and equal to or less than the second section.

Abstract: An explosive composition having a main explosive and an additive, such as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. The explosive composition is resistant to slow cook-off. The main explosive includes Composition B or a Composition B replacement. The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine is present in the explosive composition at less than or equal to approximately 5% by weight. An insensitive munition resistant to slow cook-off is also disclosed, as is a method of forming the explosive composition having a main explosive and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and a method of mitigating slow cook-off violence.

Abstract: A kinetic energy rod warhead including a projectile core including a plurality of individual projectiles, an explosive charge about the core, at least one detonator for the explosive charge, and structure for reducing the deployment angles of the projectiles when the detonator detonates the explosive charge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for discharging countermeasure means, a rocket launcher (1), and a dispenser arrangement (10). According to the invention, the space (9) for one or more rockets in a rocket launcher (1) is used as a carrier for a dispenser arrangement (10) for countermeasure means. The dispenser arrangement is designed with one or more cylindrical sections (11, 12.2, 12.5) specially adapated to the rocket space in the rocket launcher. By virtue of the invention, equipment already adapted to aircraft can be made use of in supplementing the countermeasure equipment of the aircraft.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for discharging countermeasure means from a carrier craft in the form of an aircraft or equivalent. In this connection, the countermeasure means is intended to be spread initially in the form of unit packs (13, 13′ and 20) which, after they have left the carrier craft, are to screen the same (23) from missiles (24) approaching is guided by built-in sensors, or other threats. It is especially characteristic of the invention that the unit countermeasure packs (13, 13′ and 20) are spread from the carrier (2) transversely to the lying direction of the carrier craft.

Abstract: A railroad car is provided having a box body extending longitudinally and delimiting compartments, seats arranged in the compartments, means for identifying the seats,means for identifying the car, and at least one side door providing access to the compartments. The side door is an intermediate door away from the longitudinal ends of the car and arranged longitudinally between two compartments provided with seats to which it provides access.

Abstract: A method for making high softening point linear and cyclic alkylsilicone waxes includes reacting a C30+ alpha olefin wax with a silicone hydride polymer in the presence of a catalyst. The high softening point linear and cyclic alkylsilicone waxes have softening points approximating those of natural waxes and, in consequence, can be used in applications which traditionally employ natural waxes.

Abstract: An inkjet ink set comprising at least two inks, wherein at least one ink contains a betaine compound and at least one other ink contains a nonionic surfactant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hybrid protein-polysaccharide superabsorbent hydrogel. The hydrogel includes two interpenetrating matrices: a first matrix which is an acylated, cross-linked protein matrix, and a second matrix which is an anionic polysaccharide matrix. The two matrices can be non-cross-linked, or the hydrogel can further include bridging moieties that covalently cross-linking the acylated, cross-linked protein matrix to the anionic polysaccharide matrix.

Abstract: A pigment's etheramine sulfonic acid salt is described. Also described is a method for enhancing the performance of a pigment composition containing an organic pigment, comprising enhancing the dispersion of said pigment by adding to 100 parts of said pigment about 1 to 40 parts of a pigment's etheramine sulfonic acid salt.

Abstract: Perylene derivatives of the general formula I 1

Abstract: A method of pretreating a carrier component for a cementitious composition. A quantity of any component of a cementitious composition is analyzed to determine its adsorption potential in the composition. The quantity of the component is treated with an effective amount of a treatment agent to control the adsorption potential.

Abstract: A table includes a table top, a leg, and a corner leg mount. The corner leg mount is arranged to mount the leg adjacent to a corner of the table top for pivotable movement between folded and unfolded positions.

Abstract: A process for making a table top includes the steps of mounting a ring-shaped outer mold on a flat surface, mounting a plurality of decorative members which are arranged in a layer on the flat surface and within the outer mold, the decorative members being spaced apart from each other to form gaps thereamong, covering the decorative members with a mesh layer, filling the gaps with a binder and providing a layer of the binder on the mesh layer, and adhering a rigid support plate to the binder.

Abstract: A process for making a table top includes the steps of (a) mounting a ring-shaped outer mold on a flat surface, (b) mounting decorative members arranged in a layer on the flat surface and within the outer mold, the decorative members being spaced apart from each other to form gaps thereamong, (c) filling the gaps with a curable binder, and providing a layer of the binder on the decorative members, (d) mounting at least one fastening member on the binder, the fastening member including a head portion embedded in the binder, and a fastening portion extending out of the binder from the head portion, and (e) adhering a rigid support plate to the binder, the rigid support plate including at least one hole corresponding to the fastening portion of the fastening member for passage of the fastening portion of the fastening member therethrough.

Abstract: Methods for reducing and eliminating carbon dioxide from the emissions of solid fuel fired power plants, particularly coal fired power plants, and to sequester the carbon dioxide, typically by using existing equipment. In some embodiments, the methods involve pyrolyzing the solid fuel to remove volatile matter and using the volatile matter to produce hydrogen. Additionally, the methods may involve burning the solid fuel or pyrolized solid fuel at very fuel rich stoichiometric conditions. Sequestration may include the production of a carbon dioxide-containing solution and the pumping of the solution into the ground, particularly in areas high in limestone.

Abstract: To enable a burnpot for a corn burning stove to be continuously operated, the burnpot has an openable bottom with at least a first and second position, one of said at least fist and second positions being substantially closed to enable a body of combustible fuel to burn on its upper surface, the other of said at least first and second positions providing an opening, burnpot side wall portions and a top of said burnpot being shaped so as to permit a solid clinker to drop out of the opening in the openable bottom when the openable bottom is in its second position.

Abstract: A sewing apparatus such as a sewing machine includes a cassette mount to which a thread cassette having a thread accommodating section for accommodating a thread supply is detachably attached, at least one detector detecting an operating state of at least one mechanism related with the thread cassette, a determining unit determining whether the thread cassette can be attached to the cassette mount, based on a result of detection by the detector, and an informing unit informing a result of determination by the determining unit.

Abstract: The invention of a sailboat that uses three ways of creating lift on the hull of a boat so that it rides higher on the water and gives the sailors a fast dry ride.

Abstract: A rub rail including a base portion with a longitudinally extending recess or groove, into which an insert is received. A plurality of spaced-apart orifices along the bottom surface of the recess enable the base portion to be attached to the hull with threaded fasteners. The insert, which is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic, snaps into the groove, covering the heads of the fasteners, and is held in place by the edges of the groove. An outer curved face of the insert includes a strip of Type 316 stainless steel that is crosshead extruded with the plastic portion of the insert. The stainless steel strip is bright and shiny and provides a decorative appearance to the rub rail. The plastic portion of the insert seals around the longitudinally extending edges of the stainless steel strip, preventing water from intruding behind the strip, which might eventually cause corrosion.

Abstract: An essentially cylindrical, elongate pressure hull includes at least one pressure antechamber arranged essentially transversely to a longitudinal axis of the pressure hull. The pressure antechamber includes an access opening to the pressure hull which is closable in a pressure-tight manner and an access opening to the outside which is closable in a pressure-tight manner.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for enhancing the internal combustion engine performance, particularly the performance of charged diesel engines for charging batteries for submarines in snorkel running, whereby the exhaust gasses generated by the internal combustion engines during snorkel running are introduced into the water that surrounds the submarine, and whereby a reduced water pressure is created in at least one region at the submarine via flow-oriented measures by way of the motion of the submarine through the surrounding water, and the exhaust gasses are introduced into this region, for which purpose mechanically actuated flow-directing elements are arranged at the submarine.

Abstract: A boat seat assembly having a seating platform including first and second seat bottoms and first and second seat backs, a seat mechanism for moving the seating platform between the flat position and the seating position, a base supporting the mechanism, and a positioning system for maintaining the seating platform in the seating position and for allowing the seat platform to move to the flat position. The seat mechanism includes a track and first and second sliders supported by the track for rectilinear movement for moving the seating platform between the seating position and the flat position. The positioning system includes a locking device for locking the first slider in various rectilinear positions relative to the track.

Abstract: A small light mechanical siren for mobile emergency equipment which utilize spiral rebound ramps in the rotor to produce a loud penetrating square form spiral sound wave enabling effective warning without contributing to noise pollution.

Abstract: Flag fastening assembly for fastening the upper and lower portion of the leading edge of a flag to a flag supporting member in a manner that balances the weight of the flag about the axis of the flag supporting member and prevents furling. Each flag fastening assembly includes the combination of a swivel that is positioned longitudinally on the flag supporting member by set screws, each swivel including an outwardly extending member with spaced apart holes near an outer edge thereof and a cord member attached through such holes and linked through a grommet near an adjacent inner corner of the flag. The grommet lies in a plane that is substantially orthogonal to the cord as the flag flies in the wind.

Abstract: A device may provide a user with means to display an indication of the status of a government issued Terror Alert Level Warning and may be manufactured in a variety of forms and sizes to facilitate use in a range of environments. The method of display may be by any of various means such as a color code or an audio signal or other indicative means. A user may adjust a device manually or otherwise in order to indicate a desired Terror Alert Level Warning status reminder. A device may be manufactured and operated at any preferred level of technological performance. Embodiment may be in 3 dimensions as an object, or appliance, or on a screen in 2 dimensions as a virtual object.

Abstract: A single-crystal structure is grown using free-form fabrication through principles of directional solidification and direct-deposition techniques. The structure is formed from a metallic alloy by building from feedstock on top of and upward from a heated base element. The top of the structure is also heated with a scanning beam as it is built. The higher temperatures near the melting alloy tend to promote crystal growth rather than nucleation as the grain grows toward the heat of the scanning beam. This allows a two-dimensional thermal gradient to be formed in the build direction, which allows the solid crystal to maintain one orientation during the deposition process. As the material initially solidifies, it nucleates off of a desired grain that is designated by a grain selector. This method eliminates the need for expensive mold cavities and segmented furnaces that are typically required by prior art processes for producing some components.

Abstract: A crystallization method includes the steps of producing a purified article made of a material as crystalloid by mixing with scavenger, melting, and then solidifying the material, inspecting an amount of remaining oxygen contained in the purified article, and melting the purified article selected by the inspecting step, and then growing crystal from the purified article.

Abstract: A method for growing a single crystal GaN film at least 2 microns thick on a Si substrate is disclosed. The method includes growing a prelayer, a buffer layer including AlN on the Si substrate and a plurality of GaN layers and AlN layers deposited alternatively on the top of the AlN buffer layer. By controlling the deposition conditions and timings of the plurality of GaN layers and AlN layers, the single crystal GaN film can be grown thicker than 2 microns without cracks or pits.

Abstract: A method of suppression of Indium carry-over in the MOCVD growth of thin InGaAsP quantum wells, with low Indium content, on top of thick GaInAsP, with high Indium content. These quantum wells are essential in the stimulated emission of 808 to 880 nm phosphorous-based laser structures. The Indium carryover effect is larger in large multi wafer reactors and therefore is this invention focused on large multiwafer MOCVD reactors. This invention improves the quality of the quantum well, as measured by photo-luminescence spectra and uniformity of wavelength radiation.

Abstract: In a single crystal pulling apparatus for providing a Czochralski crystal growth process, the improvement of a shallow melt crucible (20) to eliminate the necessity supplying a large quantity of feed stock materials that had to be preloaded in a deep crucible to grow a large ingot, comprising a gas tight container a crucible with a deepened periphery (25) to prevent snapping of a shallow melt and reduce turbulent melt convection; source supply means for adding source material to the semiconductor melt; a double barrier (23) to minimize heat transfer between the deepened periphery (25) and the shallow melt in the growth compartment; offset holes (24) in the double barrier (23) to increase melt travel length between the deepened periphery (25) and the shallow growth compartment; and the interface heater/heat sink (22) to control the interface shape and crystal growth rate.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for scrubbing and drying a wafer. The apparatus comprises a chamber, a plurality of rollers adapted to support a wafer in a vertical orientation within the chamber, a pair of brushes adapted to respectively scrub a first and a second side of the wafer, a first spray bar adapted to spray a liquid on the wafer to thereby form a meniscus on the wafer as the wafer is lifted out of the chamber, and a second spray bar adapted to direct a vapor to the meniscus, the vapor being adapted to lower a surface tension of the liquid at the meniscus to thereby perform Marangoni drying of the wafer as the wafer is lifted out of the chamber. Also provided is a method of cleaning and drying a wafer. The method comprises scrubbing a wafer in a vertical orientation, lifting the wafer, spraying a fluid on the wafer as the wafer is lifted, thereby forming a meniscus on the surface of the wafer, and directing a drying vapor to the meniscus as the wafer is lifted, thereby Marangoni drying the wafer.

Abstract: A dispenser to dispense towels selectively treated with a fluid, includes a compartment having an open upper end and containing at least one dispensable towel therein. A removable cover is disposable on the compartment to form an enclosure with the compartment. A towel dispensing conduit extends through the cover to a top opening of the cover, the conduit defining a path through which the dispensable towel is extracted from the compartment and dispensed from the top opening of the cover. A fluid application assembly is associated with the removable cover. The fluid application assembly includes a fluid reservoir, oriented over the compartment when the cover is disposed on the compartment, and being configured to receive and store the fluid therein; and a fluid applicator, in fluid communication with the reservoir and being selectively operable by a user to selectively apply the fluid to the dispensable towel as the towel is dispensed from the dispenser.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus for patterning a liquid on a substrate, with the apparatus including, a template having a pair of spaced-apart recessions with a protrusion disposed therebetween, with the protrusion being spaced-apart from the substrate a first distance and each of the pair of spaced-apart recessions being spaced-apart from the substrate a second distance, with the second distance being greater than the first distance; and a source of voltage in electrical communication with the template to produce an electric field between the template and the substrate, with a strength of the electrical field being inversely proportional to the first and second distances.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition reactor having a process chamber accommodating a substrate holder for wafers, a first gas flow of reactive gases to process the wafers and a crown-shaped gas-collector surrounding the substrate-holder, wherein said reactor further comprises: a base plate and a cover plate disposed respectively beneath and above the substrate-holder, an outer ring surrounding the gas-collector and touching both the base plate and the cover-plate, and a second flow of non-reactive gases propagating in spaces outside the process chamber limited by the base and cover plates and the outer ring, and said second flow acting as a counter-flow for preventing the first reactive gas flow to exit from the process chamber but through the gas-collector.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition apparatus is provided, which includes: a chamber having an inner space; a gas feed member for supplying a gas into the chamber; a susceptor disposed in the chamber and supporting a substrate; a diffuser partitioning the inner space of the chamber into first and second partitions and having a plurality of holes connecting the first partition and the second partition for gas communication; a diffuser frame incorporated into the diffuser; and an insulating frame disposed between the chamber and the diffuser.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of depositing a metallic film on a substrate. This method uses a carrier gas to deposit a source metal in the presence of a reducing agent such that the rate of deposition can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of the carrier gas, the substrate temperature, the pulse widths of the metal source and reducing agents, and the number of deposition phases.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus of the present invention is surrounded by a hermetic member, and the internal space thereof is divided by a hermetic member into a rinse and dry processing chamber, a first and second liquid chemical processing chambers, and a substrate transport chamber. Openings for allowing transportation of substrates to and from corresponding chambers are capable of being exposed and blocked by open/close mechanisms including sealing means. Hence, substrates being processed can be transported in an environment isolated from outside an external atmosphere containing oxygen, to thereby suppress formation of unnecessary oxide films or generation of water marks on the surfaces of substrates while being transported. Further, exhaust emission can be reduced, which emission serves to prevent diffusion of an atmosphere containing vapor of a liquid chemical to the outside of the substrate processing apparatus.

Abstract: The temperature coupling of crucible (4) of an effusion cell to a receiving part (1) that surrounds the crucible (4) and serves as a heating-equipped cooling reservoir is improved by inserting, in the space (2) between the crucible (4) and the wall of a recess (1A) in the receiving part (1), a conducting medium with high heat conductivity and low vapor pressure (e.g. Ga, In, Hg or a soft solid). As a result of the improved thermal coupling of crucible (4), the temperature of the crucible (4) follows more rapidly that of the heating-equipped cooling reservoir, such that materials with high vapor pressure and relatively low evaporation temperatures can be deposited under greater control.

Abstract: A low temperature process for depositing a coating containing any of silicon, nitrogen, hydrogen or oxygen on a workpiece includes placing the workpiece in a reactor chamber facing a processing region of the chamber, introducing a process gas containing any of silicon, nitrogen, hydrogen or oxygen into the reactor chamber, generating a torroidal RF plasma current in a reentrant path through the processing region by applying RF plasma source power at an HF frequency on the order of about 10 MHz to a portion of a reentrant conduit external of the chamber and forming a portion of the reentrant path, applying RF plasma bias power at an LF frequency on the order of one or a few MHz to the workpiece, and maintaining the temperature of the workpiece under about 100 degrees C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plasma spraying systems and their methods of use in the manufacturing of rotary sputtering targets. More specifically, the invention relates to plasma spraying systems that coordinate and facilitate the rotation and the lateral or longitudinal movement of the sputtering target, thereby providing a uniform application of coating to the target. These plasma spraying systems may also produce a stable and secure coating layer by controlling the deposition of various particle sizes emitted by the plasma spraying system and/or removing dust from the target before a coating is applied. The present invention may also include a vacuum device with an adjustable exhaust duct that assists in the reduction or elimination of oxygen or other atmospheric gas backstreaming into the vacuum chamber.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for making a coldplate. A first component of, for example copper, is explosion welded to a second component of, for example aluminum. The first metal component has a top surface opposite the second metal component and at least one channel proximate the top surface adapted to carry a cooling fluid. The coldplate can be used as an interior wall for a plasma chamber.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of rearing a bird of germ-free status. The method comprises housing a bird as a parent bird, surgically removing an egg in its shell from the parent bird prior to transfer of the egg to the cloaca in the parent bird, incubating the egg still in its shell and hatching the egg to produce a laying bird. The invention also relates to the production of avian eggs of germ-free status.

Abstract: The invention refers to a device and a method for carrying a milking member (1), which includes at least one teacup (3) and which is connected to a milking machine (5) via a flexible conduit member (6). A support element (10) is fixedly mounted in or at a milking box (13) arranged to receive an animal to be milked. An arm arrangement (9) is pivotably connected to the support element and arranged to support the milking member at least in connection with the application of the teacup to a teat of the animal. The arm arrangement is movable from a first position, in which the milking member is located beside the animal, to a second position, in which the milking member is located below the animal. The device includes a first part arranged to lock the milking member in relation to the arm arrangement in order to facilitate the application of the teacup to the teat.

Abstract: A method for milking animals, particularly domesticated dairy animals, and most particularly dairy cattle, that improves milk/food sanitation, labor and cost efficiency, environmental friendliness, and throughput, that uses a wet prep and minimizes both interactions with the animal being milked and delays between steps during which recontamination of teats can happen. The best method comprises the steps of preparing the milker's hands, priming the animal's teats, attaching a feeder tube to a milking machine to each teat, and completing the milking. (Therefore through the method we sanitize the milker's hands, cows teats and feeder tube all in one step.) By preparing the milker rather than the udder and teats, the method eliminates steps and delays, and reduces chances for infection, material usages, and complexity, that were extant in the prior art.