Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a 2-stage charge loading. A connection conduit (13) with a supercharger intercooler (14) is provided between the compressor of the low pressure stage and that of the high pressure stage.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle having an intake air charger for increasing the pressure of the air supplied to the engine, a charge air cooler for cooing the charge air supplied to the engine and a control arrangement for controlling the temperature of the charge air flow to the engine, the control arrangement includes an air flow control element arranged in the charge air cooler for blocking at least sections of the charge air cooler so as to reduce the effective heat exchange surface area in the charge air cooler depending on operating parameters.

Abstract: A tool for securing a connector on a conductor using an explosive charge includes a first tool member, a second tool member, a drive member, a lock member and a limiting member. The second tool member is movably mounted on the first tool member. A breech chamber is defined in at least one of the first and second tool members. The breech chamber is adapted to receive the explosive charge. A breech opening is defined in at least one of the first and second tool members. The breech opening communicates with the breech chamber. The tool is adapted to forcibly move the drive member responsive to an explosion of the explosive charge in the breech chamber. The second tool member is movable between a closed position, wherein the breech opening is closed, and an open position, wherein the breech opening is open to allow loading and unloading of the explosive charge into and from the breech chamber, by moving the second tool member relative to the first tool member.

Abstract: A system for cooling at least one gas turbine liquid fuel component located in a high temperature environment to eliminate coking in the component is disclosed. The system includes a sleeve surrounding the liquid fuel component, a device for providing a current of cool air, and a conduit connected between the cool air device and the sleeve to direct the current of cool air into the sleeve to cool the liquid fuel component. The system can also include a manifold connected to the conduit and a plurality of second conduits for connecting the manifold to a plurality of sleeves surrounding a plurality of liquid fuel components, each sleeve being connected to a corresponding second conduit. Each sleeve includes a plurality of spacing devices for centering the sleeve around the at least one liquid fuel component so as to form an annulus between the sleeve and the liquid fuel component through which the current of cool air flows.

Abstract: A method facilitates assembling a combustor for a gas turbine engine. The method comprises coupling an inner liner to an outer liner such that a combustion chamber is defined therebetween, positioning an outer support a distance radially outward from the outer liner, and positioning an inner support a distance radially inward from the inner liner.

Abstract: A method facilitates assembling a combustor for a gas turbine engine. The method includes providing a dome assembly that includes at least one cooling slot lip and at least one filler projection, wherein a gap defined between the cooling slot lip and the at least one filler projection has a height defined between cooling slot lip and the at least one filler projection that is substantially uniform through the gap. The method also includes coupling a liner assembly to the dome assembly, such that a combustion chamber is defined by the liner assembly, and coupling an inner and an outer support to the dome assembly, such that the dome assembly extends between the inner and outer supports.

Abstract: A method facilitates assembling a combustor for a gas turbine engine, wherein the combustor includes a swirler assembly. The method comprises machining material to form a domeplate, positioning a sealplate including an overhanging portion against the domeplate, securing the sealplate in position relative to the domeplate with a welding process, and welding the swirler assembly to the domeplate.

Abstract: A gas turbine unit as well as a method for operating a gas turbine with high-pressure turbine and a low-pressure turbine unit are disclosed. A very quick and at the same time easily controllable augmentation or reduction of the shaft power of the gas turbine unit can be achieved by providing at least one liquid droplet injection device on the upstream side of said compressor for injecting liquid into the stream of intake air in order to increase the shaft power generated by the gas turbine unit. The amount of water mass flow corresponding to the desired increase or decrease of shaft power output of the gas turbine unit is added or reduced in the form of liquid droplets in a substantially stepless manner and immediately within a time interval that is determined by the design characteristics of the liquid droplet injection device.

Abstract: An aircraft engine (10 comprising a nacelle (24), a first wall (32) around a set of fan blades (28) and a set of fan outlet guide vanes (48). The set of fan outlet guide vanes (48) comprises a plurality of stator vanes extending between a second wall (34) and a third wall (32). The nacelle (24) defines an aerodynamic shape for a fluid and the nacelle (24) has apertures (84,86) at a region of relatively low pressure. A means to bleed fluid (40,44,54,58,54,53,60,72) from a region of relatively high pressure at one or more of the first wall (32) around the set of fan blades (28), the second wall (34), the third wall (32) or the set of stator vanes and at least one duct (46,82) to connect the means to bleed fluid (40,44,54,58,54,53,60,73) from the region of relatively high pressure to the at least one aperture (84,86) in the nacelle (24) at the region of relatively low pressure.

Abstract: A mounting assembly (10) for mounting a gas turbine engine on an aircraft. The assembly (10) comprising four equispaced hydraulic piston and cylinder thrust links (16) connecting between the engine fan case (12) and the air intake (14), which intake (14) is mounted to the airframe.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling an electronic device that includes a fluid heat exchanger, a chiller, and a pump. The fluid heat exchanger transfers heat from a hot portion of the surface of the electronic device to a fluid and has a body through which the fluid may be circulated. The body has a protrusion having a first surface that may be thermally coupled to the hot portion such that the surface of the body is sufficiently distant from the surface of the electronic device that sufficient ambient air may circulate therebetween so as to substantially prevent condensation from forming on the surface of the electronic device and from forming on and dripping from the heat exchanger when the fluid is cooled to at least the dew point of the ambient air and circulated through the body. A heat-conducting path is provided from the first surface to a region of the body that is thermally coupled to the fluid when the fluid is circulated through the body.

Abstract: An air-density increasing device is mounted an electronic apparatus having an air inlet, an air outlet and an exhaust face at the air outlet. When the exhaust fan is actuation, external air flows into the apparatus through the air-density increasing device and the air therewithin is expel via the air outlet. The amount of air flowing into the apparatus is greater than the amount of air flowing out of the apparatus by virtue of the air-density increasing device.

Abstract: In a liquid cooling system of low costs and being installable with high density into a server having a several kinds of predetermined heights of housings, each of devices building up the liquid cooling system is set to be within about 44 mm, being the standard height of a lack when installing into a cabinet for the server lack of lack-mount method, in particular, about from 40 mm to 36 mm, and this is combined with, thereby building up a liquid cooling system of low costs and enabling high density installation, for an electronic apparatus of lack-mount method having different heights.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for vaporizing LNG. A second aspect of the invention includes a method of vaporizing LNG. A third aspect of the invention includes utilizing a submerged combustion heat source for vaporizing LNG. The LNG vaporizer includes a plurality of LNG spiral tube circuits communicating to an inlet manifold and to an outlet manifold. The LNG spiral tube circuits are positioned within a heating medium flow arrangement annular space.

Abstract: An electronic controller maintains the operating temperature of a cryopump by controlling a heater coupled to the cryopump. The heater is coupled to a cryopumping surface of the cryopump. The controller can control the operation of the heater in response to feedback from temperature sensors coupled to the cryopump. The controller can cause the heater to shut-off if a temperature sensor reads out of its normal temperature range.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for preventing liquid refrigerant accumulation in an accumulator of an outdoor unit of an air conditioner. The method includes the steps of: determining a state of a compressor; if the compressor is in standby mode or off state, turning on a four-way valve; determining whether the state of the compressor in standby mode or off state continues longer than a predetermined amount of time; and if the state of the compressor continues longer than the predetermined amount of time, closing an expansion valve. Particularly, high-pressure refrigerant flows in the closed expansion valve while low-pressure refrigerant flows in a check valve through the four-way valve.

Abstract: A low-leakage enclosure for cryogenic compressor apparatus includes climate control equipment and guide fixtures to direct ultra-cold coolant lines to a superconducting utility power transformer. The self-contained system maintains the required number of high performance chillers within a narrow temperature range to ensure reliable operation in an unprotected outdoor environment. The enclosure advances the technology of superconducting power systems closer to final deployable status.

Abstract: Provided is an air conditioner, particularly, an apparatus and method for controlling a super-heating degree in a heat pump system for preventing a liquid refrigerant from flowing into a compressor. The method includes: operating the heat pump system; receiving a present outdoor temperature, a pipe absorption temperature and a low pressure value of a compressor, respectively; computing a present absorption super-heating degree from a difference between the absorption temperature of the compressor and a saturated temperature at a low pressure side; and comparing an targeted absorption super-heating degree set in advance, with the computed present absorption super-heating degree according to the received outdoor temperature, and controlling the system so that the present absorption super-heating degree may follow the targeted absorption super-heating degree.

Abstract: A system for controlling an air conditioner includes a plurality of outdoor units each having at least one compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor unit connected to the outdoor units by a refrigerant tube, the indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger, and a pressure regulating tube for equalizing pressure according to an operation mode. The pressure regulating tube is connected between the outdoor units.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for supplying a refrigerant fluid to a cooling device, such as a cryosurgical probe. An arrangement of valves may control the supply of fluid to and from the cooling device. Fluid may flow in a forward direction through the cooling device for generating cooling by expansion of the fluid in the cooling device. The apparatus may execute a programmed sequence of cooling and heating cycles automatically. Backflushing of the fluid may be used for clearing contaminants from the inlet side of the cooling device. A pulse width modulated control signal may be used to control one of the valves to have a variable effective aperture. A flow rate sensor may detect the flow rate through the cooling device. The detected flow rate may be used to detect an occurrence of a blockage and/or for controlling the fluid supplied to the cooling device. A blockage may be cleared by automatic backflushing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to control of a fan during which the power of the fan is determined from the characteristic curves of the fan motor, the operating parameters of the cooling system and the reference variables which are predefined in the form of temperature levels. The various temperature levels which are to be set have different associated characteristic curves for actuating the fan motor. If the reference variable for the control changes, this also means a change in the characteristic curves for actuating the fan motor. In order to prevent the fan motor from whining, the operation of the fan motor is kept constant for a settable minimum waiting time when the reference variable for the control of the fan changes.

Abstract: There is provided a system and method for controlling a temperature of a refrigerant in an air conditioner, in which a supercooling degree and/or a superheating degree can be secured by controlling a difference in refrigerant temperatures of a pipe connecting one or more indoor units to one or more outdoor units, and a flow of a specific refrigerant. The system includes: one or more indoor units; one or more outdoor units; a high-pressure pipe and a low-pressure pipe for connecting the indoor units and the outdoor units; and a refrigerant temperature control unit coupled to the high-pressure pipe and the low-pressure pipe, for performing a heat exchange with respect to flowing refrigerants by coupling an inner pipe to an outer pipe, the inner pipe passing through the another pipe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a valve control method for a refrigerator, and more particularly, to a valve control method for a refrigerator which controls a three-way valve for opening and closing refrigerant channels to a refrigerating chamber evaporator and a freshening chamber evaporator. The present invention is provided with the three-way valve of an AC valve for controlling the refrigerant to flow into the refrigerating chamber and the freshening chamber evaporator. In addition, in order to reduce driving noise generated from the three-way valve, the three-way valve is controlled to operate at a point of time when a predetermined time has passed after the compressor is driven. As a result, since driving noise caused from the three-way valve is drowned out by the driving noise of the three-way valve, an advantage of reducing the noise of the three-way valve can be expected.

Abstract: An ice cube-making machine that is characterized by noiseless operation at the location where ice cubes are dispensed and be lightweight packages for ease of installation. The ice cube-making machine has an evaporator package, a separate compressor package and a separate condenser package. Each of these packages has a weight that can generally by handled by one or two installers for ease of installation. The noisy compressor and condenser packages can be located remotely of the evaporator package. The maximum height distance between the evaporator package and the condenser package is greatly enhanced by the three package system. A pressure regulator operates during a harvest cycle to limit flow of refrigerant leaving the evaporator, thereby increasing pressure and temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator and assisting in defrost thereof. The evaporator can be integrated with a beverage dispenser and an ice dispenser.

Abstract: A refrigerating appliance having a refrigerant circulation device arranged in the housing of the appliance and including a compressor, an evaporator, and a condenser having an inner circuit and an outer circuit. The inner circuit is in communication with a region to be cooled, preferably the inner region of a control box, by a lateral wall of the appliance housing, an air inlet and an air outlet, the evaporator being associated with the inner circuit and the condenser of the refrigerant circulation device being associated with the outer circuit. According to this invention, all of the lateral walls, except the lateral wall comprising the air inlet and the air outlet of the appliance housing, are fully closed, and the condenser is formed as a base plate with integrated refrigerant lines. The base plate forms at least part of a lateral wall of the appliance housing. Refrigerating ribs protrude on the outer side thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a refrigerating appliance, especially a refrigerator, comprising a plate which consists of photoconductive material which can be removed from the refrigerating appliance with an electric light source which comprises a first electrical or electromagnetic transmission element which interacts—in the inserted or mounted state of the plate—with a second electrical or electromagnetic transmission element applied to the refrigerating appliance, in such a way that electrical current can be transmitted from the second electrical or electromagnetic transmission element to the first electrical or electromagnetic transmission element.

Abstract: A refrigerator having a main body, and a compressor and an evaporator in the main body, comprises a heat pipe forming a closed loop so as to allow the refrigerant to be circulated therein; a first heat exchanger provided in the heat pipe, absorbing heat generated from the compressor; a second heat exchanger provided in an upper part between the heat pipe and the first heat exchanger adjacent to the evaporator, discharging heat into the evaporator; and a control valve positioned between the first and second heat exchangers, opening and closing the heat pipe, wherein the refrigerant cooled and liquified in the second heat exchanger forces out the refrigerant heated and gasified in the first heat exchanger by gravity, when the control valve is opened.

Abstract: Condensation radiator piping having a special structure, particularly condensation radiator piping that is applicable to an air-cooling and water-membrane evaporation type of refrigeration or air-conditioning facility, characterized in a structure that has cooling agent condensation piping designed to have a section in the shape of a streamlined water drop.

Abstract: An improved piping structure of an air conditioner can minimize a vibration by change in a piping shape in looped pipings. In the piping structure, a first directional piping part configured on a same plane is changed to be slanted at a predetermined angle on one end thereof, to be displaced onto a third plane, and to be connected with a second directional piping part configured on a different plane from that of the first directional piping part. Further, the piping structure comprises a vertical piping part wound in an up and down direction and a horizontal piping part connected to the vertical piping part having one end changed at a predetermined slant angle.

Abstract: A modular refrigeration system includes a refrigeration device having a space configured for storage of products therein, a cooling system providing a coolant configured to cool the space, and at least one modular cooling element configured for placement at any one of a plurality of locations within the space and configured to receive the coolant so that a temperature distribution profile of the products within the space can be customized. A method of customizing a temperature distribution profile within a refrigeration device having a cooling system is also disclosed. The method includes the steps of determining a temperature distribution profile within the refrigeration device, identifying at least one location within the refrigeration device having a temperature above a desired temperature range, providing a modular cooling element configured for installation at the location, and interconnecting the modular cooling element with the cooling system.

Abstract: The invention consists of an evaporative cooling device comprising one or more microchannels whose cross section is axially reduced to control the maximum capillary pressure differential between liquid and vapor phases. In one embodiment, the evaporation channels have a rectangular cross section that is reduced in width along a flow path. In another embodiment, channels of fixed width are patterned with an array of microfabricated post-like features such that the feature size and spacing are gradually reduced along the flow path. Other embodiments incorporate bilayer channels consisting of an upper cover plate having a pattern of slots or holes of axially decreasing size and a lower fluid flow layer having channel widths substantially greater than the characteristic microscale dimensions of the patterned cover plate. The small dimensions of the cover plate holes afford large capillary pressure differentials while the larger dimensions of the lower region reduce viscous flow resistance.

Abstract: A device for manually manufacturing ice cream comprises a machine table with a rotary bush at one end. A handle is protruded from the rotary bush. A rotary cylinder is supported in the machine table and driven by the handle. The rotary cylinder includes an outer cylinder, a polygonal inner cylinder in the outer cylinder, and a metal rolling cylinder within the inner cylinder. Ice blocks are placed within the polygonal inner cylinder and surrounds the metal rolling cylinder. Liquid to be made into ice cream is placed in the metal rolling cylinder. A temperature isolating layer is installed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. By rotating the handle manually, the polygonal inner cylinder, -outer cylinder and metal rolling cylinder will rotate and thus, the heat of the liquid in the metal rolling cylinder will be transferred to the ice block so as to form ice cream.

Abstract: A motor system can be provided for a tank for mixing and chilling ice cream. The motor system includes a variable speed motor having a speed control. The speed control can be utilized to operate the motor in a forward or reversed speed or across a spectrum of more than two forward speeds. The motor can drive an auger. The auger can be operated in reverse to add semi-solid or solid inclusions to ice cream mix. The inclusions can be added through an aperture at the output of the tank. Appropriate time for discharge can be determined by time, temperature, or amperage.

Abstract: A relief port (10) includes a housing (20) adapted to mount in a wall (12) of an enclosure to provide flow passage through the wall between a first environment within the enclosure and a second environment external of the enclosure, and a valve assembly (50) associated with the housing. The valve assembly (50) has a base member (30) that extends across the flow passage and a valve member operatively associated with the base member. At least one flow port (35) is provided in the base member. The valve member has a resilient valve cover (52) and a valve stem (54) that mounts to the base member (30). The resilient valve cover (52) is responsive to a pressure differential between the first environment and the second environment acting across the valve cover. The resilient valve cover (52) closes the flow port to flow through the at least one flow port (35) whenever the pressure within the first environment is equal to or above the pressure within the second environment.

Abstract: Air cleaner including a case having an inlet and an outlet, a fan inside of the case, for drawing air through the inlet and discharging the air through the outlet, a filter assembly inside of the case for cleaning the air drawn into the case through the inlet, a heat exchanger inside of the case for heating or cooling the air drawn into the case, selectively, and a plurality of fins between the fan and the outlet for guiding the air drawn into the case to the outlet, thereby ventilating the room.

Abstract: Disclosed is an efficient, energy storage and cooling system that is refrigerant based. When connected to a condensing unit, the system has the ability to store energy capacity during one time period and provide cooling from the stored energy during a second time period. The system requires minimal energy to operate during either time period, and only a fraction of the energy required to operate the system during the first time period is required to operate the system during the second time period using an optional refrigerant pump.

Abstract: A portable container comprising: a box member; a Stirling cooler as a temperature controlling unit for refrigerating the inside of the box member, an operation unit for controlling the Stirling cooler; and handles for supporting the box member by grasping. Cutouts are formed between an upper surface of the box member and both side surfaces thereof, the operation unit is provided on one of the cutouts, and the handles are provided outwardly relative to the cutouts respectively.

Abstract: A suction accumulator for refrigeration or air-conditioning system use, especially for automotive air conditioning system use, which comprises a “pickup tube” to withdraw liquid from a reservoir of the accumulator to return oil to the compressor. The accumulator has a deflector with an outlet tube, to help ensure that fluid does not flow directly from the inlet opening to the outlet opening of the accumulator. The relatively narrow second portion of the outlet tube is closer to the outlet opening than the first portion. The pickup tube is secured in communication with the relatively narrow second portion and optimises the oil return function, minimises restriction to refrigerant flow, maximises effective and actual reservoir volume, and minimises the amount of liquid delivered to the compressor at switch-off.

Abstract: A religious object having a necklace, including a pendant, and a piece of wool. The piece of wool is disposed within a cavity of the pendant such that the piece of wool is exposed to the body.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing, and resulting pendant for hermetically sealing the crematory remains, hair samples or the like of a loved one or pet, utilizing a laser-welding operation to seal congruent front and rear concave housing members together, preserving the contents there within. The metal utilized is thin, therefore each housing member provides a continuous sacrificial lip of metal along the seam to prevent the laser from blowing a hole through the metal housing. Unlike conventional welding or soldering means, the laser produces very minimal heat build up, preventing damage to the contents therein during welding.

Abstract: A gemstone arrangement is described including a primary gem and at least one complementary gem. The primary gem includes a crown and a pavilion. The pavilion has an external wall defining an outer surface. The complementary gem has a crown defining a table. The table is in juxtaposition to and aligned with the pavilion wall for the maximum passage of ambient light from the complementary gem into the primary gem to enhance its visual appearance. In addition, the complementary gem has the same, but more intense color as the primary gem to intensify the color of the primary gem so a weak colored primary gem can appear intensely colored.

Abstract: A new method of cutting a gemstone known as the “Riemer” cut is provided. The gemstone has a crown portion, a pavilion portion characterized by having four main pavilion facets and a culet base and girdle portion provided between the crown portion and pavilion portion. The main pavilion facets are integrally formed with the culet base thereby creating a pavilion facet base. The “Riemer” cut is applicable to all shapes of stones including round, square, oval, marquise, pear-shaped and rectangular diamonds.

Abstract: A fused quartz article, such as a muffle tube or crucible, with enhanced creep resistance. The enhanced creep resistance is the result of controlled devitrification of the fused quartz article. Controlled devitrification is achieved by coating the article with a colloidal silica slurry doped with metal cations, such as barium, strontium, and calcium. The metal cations in the slurry promote nucleation and growth of cristobalite crystals into the fused quartz at temperatures in the range from about 1000° C. to about 1600° C. The cristobalite has significantly. higher viscosity, and therefore greater creep resistance at elevated temperatures, than fused quartz. Methods for applying a doped coating to a fused quartz article and improving the creep resistance of a fused quartz article are also disclosed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of highly purifying a glass body, which enables high purification of the glass body while decreasing deformation of the glass body at a high degree, to provide a highly purified glass body, and to provide a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a glass tube, which can obtain a highly purified glass tube. A method of highly purifying a glass body according to the present invention is to apply a voltage between electrodes 1 and 2, which make contact with the glass pipe 11, in a nearly radial direction of the glass pipe 11 while heating the glass pipe 11 to a temperature within a range less than 1300° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a bar-shaped preform, which method comprises the following steps; i) supplying one or more reactive gases, at least one comprising fluorine which may or may not be doped, to the interior of a substrate tube. ii) carrying out a deposition reaction of gases from step i) in said susbstrate tube so as to obtain one or more glass layers on the interior or the substrate tube, and iii) contracting the substrate tube from ii) while heating said tube so as to obtain the massive, bar-shaped preform, characterized in that the amount of fluorine compound that is supplied to the interior of the substrate tube in accordance with step 1) is increased by at least 10% at the end of the deposition of glass layers on the inner side of the substrate in accordance with step ii), after which the substrate tube is subjected to the heat treatment under conditions such that diffusion of the additionally incorporated fluorine from the deposited glass layers will occur.

Abstract: A control device for textile machines, in particular for crochet machines, comprising an electric motor (10) having an output shaft (11) drivable in rotation and a first reduction gear (12) interposed between the output shaft (11) and a knitting member (13) of a textile machine. The device (1) further comprises drive means (14) to power and control the motor (10), and detecting means (15) to detect a main parameter (100) representative of a position of the knitting member (13) and to generate a corresponding main signal (110); said main signal incorporates the main parameter (100) and is destined to the drive means (14) regulating power supply to the motor (10) depending on the main parameter (100).

Abstract: In a method of knitting a tubular knitted fabric comprising a first knitted fabric and a second knitted fabric, regions A, B, C in the first knitted fabric of the tubular knitted fabric are folded back at their respective boundaries and then overlapped with a corresponding part of the second knitted fabric and held in that overlapped state.

Abstract: A sinker selection device in a circular knitting machine, comprising for each radial slot of the sinker ring in which sinkers are accommodated, a selector facing the end of the corresponding radial slot directed away from the axis of the sinker ring, the selector being oscillatable on a radial plane with respect to the sinker ring to pass from active to inactive positions, and connected to the corresponding sinker, arranged in the corresponding radial slot, to induce different actuation of the corresponding sinker along the corresponding radial slot, depending on whether the selector is in the inactive position or in the active position. A selection actuator is provided which laterally faces the sinker ring and can engage on command the selector for transfer from inactive to active positions.

Abstract: A paper machine belt that includes a cross-machine direction supporting layer providing strength in the cross-machine direction and at least two additional layers. The two additional layers include polymeric material and at least one of the additional layers that includes the polymeric material is positioned on one side of the cross-machine direction supporting layer and at least another of the additional layers that includes the polymeric material is positioned on an opposite side of the cross-machine direction supporting layer. The cross-machine direction supporting layer substantially includes cross-machine direction yarns loosely bound together with very fine machine-direction yarns.

Abstract: Bi-directional fabrics, fabric composites, ballistically resistant assemblies thereof, and the methods by which they are made. The bi-directional fabrics are comprised of a first set of strong, substantially parallel, unidirectional yarns lying in a first plane; a second set of strong, substantially parallel, unidirectional yarns lying in a second plane above the first plane and arranged transversely to the first set of yarns; and one or more sets of yarns having lower strength and higher elongation interleaved with the strong yarns. The bi-directional articles of the invention provide superior ballistic effectiveness compared to ordinary woven and knitted fabrics but retain the ease of manufacture on conventional looms and knitting machines.