Abstract: A power semiconductor module (1) has power semiconductor components (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) arranged on a substrate (14), at least one portion of which components is connected in parallel and arranged symmetrically on the substrate (14). A second conduction plane (24, 26) is provided for making contact with the power semiconductor components (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12). The second conduction plane is arranged in a manner electrically insulated from the substrate surface (16) above the surfaces of the power semiconductor components (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) that are remote from the substrate surface (16).

Abstract: A system and method for adaptive control of power among a plurality of loads based on a categorization of the loads as either delayable or non-delayable, wherein the non-delayable loads are preferably supplied power over the delayable loads. In one aspect, the system may be used to allocate limited power from a backup power source.

Abstract: Cycle error correction is performed in an electronic power system to compensate for a difference between an AC grid side frequency and an AC load side frequency. The electronic power system can comprise an electronic power inverter, such as one usable with an uninterruptible power supply. Cycles of signals indicative of the AC grid power and the AC load power are counted and compared to obtain a cycle error value. If the cycle error value exceeds a first value to indicate that AC load side frequency is too high or too low, then compensation is performed to change the AC load side frequency to be closer to the AC grid side frequency. If the cycle error value falls below a second value to indicate that the AC grid side frequency and AC load side frequency are sufficiently close to one another, then the compensation is deactivated.

Abstract: A signal transfer circuit appropriate for use in realizing both high circuit stability and high current driving ability is disclosed. Signal transfer circuit A has current transfer circuit 3 that transfers a signal current via first reference current I1. In one embodiment, current transfer circuit 3 has current transcription circuit 30 that transcribes signal current Is to first current portion I1-1 of first reference current I1, and output current path 32 that transfers the first current portion I1-1. In one embodiment, current transfer circuit 30 has first current branching circuit 300 and second current branching circuit 302.

Abstract: This power and safety control hub for overall power control, safety control and power distribution integrates fault tolerant power disconnect control, software monitoring of disconnect and multi-voltage power distribution and disconnect with non-hazardous power control, EMI filtering and multi-circuit current protection in a single unit. In addition, it implements electromagnetic, single fault tolerant, safety control circuits without using positively driven contact relays. It coordinates the shutdown of any connected mechanical drives such as servo motor drives, stepper motor drives and variable speed drives autonomously commanding them to come to a controlled stop before safety power is disconnected (when networked controls are used). It also integrates segmented hazardous power control (load/unload and main machine/equipment areas) so that the main area can be operating while the load/unload area has power disconnected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a voltage controller equipped with an electronic appliance capable of using a plurality of power sources selectively and a method thereof. The plurality of power sources includes a battery power source and an adaptor power source. The voltage controller detects a voltage of a specific power source applied to the voltage controller and then converts an input power source into the specific power source. Further, the voltage controller cuts off an over voltage higher than a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: A structure and apparatus is provided for an electrostatic discharge power clamp, for use with high voltage power supplies. The power clamp includes a network of transistor devices, for example, nFETs arranged in series between a power rail and a ground rail. The first transistor device is biased into a partially on-state, and thus, neither device sees the full voltage potential between the power rail and the ground rail. Accordingly, the power clamp can function in voltage environments higher than the native voltage of the transistor devices. Additionally, the second transistor device is controlled by an RC network functioning as a trigger which allows the second transistor device to turn on during a voltage spike such as occurs during an ESD event. The capacitor of the RC network may be small thereby requiring small real estate on the integrated circuit. The clamp may have fast turn-on times as well as conducting current for long periods of time after turning on.

Abstract: Disclosed are a power supply circuit and method for mobile communication terminals, such as PDAs and portable phones. When a main power source such as a battery is abruptly detached from a system, the abrupt detachment of the main power source is detected and the system is stably turned off only with a backup power source. The power supply circuit includes a first switch for providing a driving voltage from the main power source to the system, a second switch for providing a driving voltage from the backup power source to the system when the main power source is detached from the system, a controller for generating a control signal for opening the first switch and closing the second switch when the main power source is detached from the system, and a memory for storing user data.

Abstract: In a first embodiment, the invention is an amperage apparatus 10 for displaying relative amperage load. The amperage apparatus 10 includes a sensor 12 adapted to measure an amperage value, a processor 14 coupled to the sensor 12 and adapted to allow selection of an amperage rating, and a display 16 coupled to the processor 14 and adapted to display information based on the measured amperage value and the selected amperage rating. The amperage apparatus 10 may be used as a stand-alone device or may be incorporated into a power supply system, such as a power strip, a surge protector, or an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for fault detection and interruption in power lines are provided. Circuitry is implemented via software and hardware that is configured to sense an operational aspect of a power line, such as current levels in a three-phase power line, and apply signal processing to the sensed operational aspect to detect faults including different types of faults such as transient and steady state faults and can also be configured to identify the type of fault. Information on the fault and the identification of the type of fault can be displayed, stored, or some other output operation can be implemented. Circuitry can be implemented to provide digital signal processing and analog signal processing to, for example, independently and in parallel (e.g., redundant operation) detect faults and respond to faults as they occur (i.e., in real time).

Abstract: An electrical power distribution system for connecting an electrical device to a source of electrical power and disconnecting the electrical device therefrom. The system includes a PCD tag associated with the electrical device, and a PCD reader associated with a receptacle electrically connectable to the source of electrical power. The PCD tag has a PCD tag memory in which data related to the electrical device is stored in a format readable by the PCD reader, the data including an electrical device load rating. The system also has a switch device for connecting and disconnecting the receptacle to the power source. In addition, the system has a measuring device for measuring actual load and a control circuit for comparing actual load to the electrical device load rating. The control circuit provides a disconnect signal to the switch device upon the actual load exceeding the electrical device load rating.

Abstract: An over-current protection device is constituted of a current detection unit for detecting a current from a power-supply source to a load having a magnetism detection element with a magnetic impedance (MI) effect, an AC-current supply device for supplying an AC current to the detection element, a bias-current supply device for supplying a bias current to a bias coil, a peak detection device for detecting a peak of impedance of the magnetism detection element as a variation of voltage, and a switch corresponding to a phase for selecting an output of the peak detection device. In the current detection unit, a holding device for holding a switch output and an amplifier are disposed in common for detecting the current in each phase, thereby expanding a current detectable range and reducing power consumption and cost.

Abstract: A power supply device for supplying source current to an electronic device comprises: a current output unit for outputting output current including at least the source current as a component of the current thereof; a connection resistor which electrically connects the current output unit and the electronic device for supplying the source current to the electronic device; a low-pass filter for allowing the output voltage of the current output unit to pass through; a differential detection unit for detecting the electric potential difference between the output voltage of the low-pass filter and the electric potential at the device-side terminal of the connection resistor; and a parallel load unit which is connected to the output terminal of the current output unit in parallel with the connection resistor, and which has a function of consuming a partial current which is a part of the output current of the current output unit in a case that the electric potential difference detected by the differential detection

Abstract: A method of controlling surge current in fan modules is applied in a blade server. The blade server includes a fan module having a first fan motor, a second fan motor, a first resistor/capacitor (RC) circuit and a second RC circuit. The blade server generates a control signal for controlling the first and the second fan motors. The first RC circuit receives and delays the control signal for a period of first time to output a first delay control signal for driving the first fan motor. The second RC circuit receives and delays the control signal for a period of second time to output a second delay control signal for driving the second fan motor. The first time is different from the second time and thus the first surge current in the first fan motor and the second surge current in the second fan motor are generated at different time.

Abstract: A circuit protector is connected in a circuit to protect the circuit from overloading. The circuit protector includes a casing inside which first and second terminals electrically connected to the circuit are fixed. A first cantilever member is fixed to the first terminal and has a cantilever arm that assumes a first shape in a normal condition and is convertible into a second shape in an overloading condition. A second member is supported in the casing by a pivot and has one end fixed to the second terminal by a fastener and an opposite end forming a contact engageable with the cantilever arm in the first shape and separable from the cantilever arm in the second shape. The fastener has a low melting point whereby an overloading causes the fastener to melt and break and thus allowing the second member to rotate and separating the contact from the cantilever arm. The second member is biased by a spring to facilitate separation of the contact from the second member when the fastener is broken.

Abstract: An integrated tuner circuit (20) with an arbitrary IF output. The tuner includes an integrated circuit with a fixed-frequency control loop (30) and a matched external variable capacitance Ct, to achieve tracking of a tuned LC band-pass filter (10) with an arbitrary oscillator.

Abstract: A power and signal distribution system is adaptable to existing building areas and provides a shielded, low resistance and low inductance grounding structure. The distribution system comprises two or more electrically conductive enclosed channels; one for lower current signals and power distribution and one for high current signals and power distribution. The enclosed channels are electrically coupled and are configured as crosses or spokes with branches extending substantially over the length and width of the building area. The earth ground for the building has a direct connection to one of the enclosures. The ground of each device in the building area is directly connected to the enclosed channels by a low impedance connection. Cables are routed through the enclosures and extended to the devices. The walls of the enclosed channels have a thickness that is greater than the skin depth of a predetermined low frequency.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for manufacturing particles using corona discharge is disclosed. A discharge electrode is provided within a guide duct and reaction gases are supplied into the guide duct. A high voltage is applied to the discharge electrode and a low voltage is applied to the guide duct to generate a voltage difference therebetween. When heat energy is applied to the reaction gases, chemical reactions occur in the gases and particles are made by the chemical reactions. The particles form new particles centering around ions as nuclei which are generated by corona discharge and moves along the guide duct. A collecting plate positioned in front of the guide duct collects the particles.

Abstract: An air ionizing module and method for generating ions of one and opposite polarities within a flowing stream of air or other gas includes a thin-filament electrode mounted within the flowing stream in regions thereof of maximum flow velocity. The thin-filament electrode is mounted in a multi-sided polygonal configuration to receive high ionizing voltage of alternating one and opposite polarities to form an intense stream of ions toward an electrically-isolated reference electrode positioned upstream of the filament electrode. Another reference electrode positioned within the flowing stream downstream of the filament electrode receives a bias voltage of selected polarity to control the quantities of generated ions of positive and negative polarities in an outlet stream of the ions and flowing gas.

Abstract: An electric discharge weapon includes a high voltage circuit, a control circuit, and a light source. The high voltage circuit includes a spark gap having a breakdown voltage affected by light. A magnitude of an electric discharge of the weapon is related to the breakdown voltage of the spark gap. Under control of the control circuit, the light source emits light to illuminate the spark gap prior to conduction so that the magnitude of the electric discharge is within a desired range.

Abstract: The present invention can provide methods of forming a layer including lanthanum by utilizing a lanthanum precursor existing in a liquid phase at a room temperature. The present invention can further provide methods of forming layers including lanthanum on objects and methods of manufacturing a capacitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dielectric thin film whose composition is expressed by the formula (Ba1-xSrx)yTiO3 (0.18?x?0.45, 0.96?y?1.04), and whose peak intensity ratio I(100)I(110) is from 0.02 to 2.0 when I(100) is the peak intensity of the diffraction line of the (100) plane, and I(110) is the peak intensity of the diffraction line of the (110) plane in an X-ray diffraction chart of the dielectric thin film.

Abstract: A UPS includes power supply circuitry configured to selectively provide power to an external load from a plurality of power sources. An applications processor is integrated within the UPS, powered by the power supply circuitry, and configured to provide an operating system that supports loading and execution of externally-supplied applications, such as mission-critical network and/or control applications. The applications processor may be configured to provide a communications interface for the UPS, and may be operative to load applications via the communications interface. In further embodiments, a circuit card may be configured to be installed in a UPS and includes an applications processor configured to provide an operating system that supports loading and execution of externally supplied applications.

Abstract: A power processing module for supplying power to a motion control device from a power source such as a utility power line, and related method of operation, are disclosed. The power processing module includes a first power input terminal, a first power output terminal, branch circuit protection circuitry coupled at least indirectly between the first power input terminal and the first power output terminal, and at least one bus bar coupling at least two of the first power input terminal, the first power output terminal, and the branch circuit protection circuitry.

Abstract: The present invention provides a handset sliding structure for mobile devices comprising a cover, a base and a slider. Therein, a surface of the base comprises two opposing sliding tracks having a narrow section, the shortest distance between them. The cover is slid on the base along the sliding tracks with a slider in between. The slider comprises an elastic member and two ends abutting against the two opposing sliding tracks. Sliding the cover, it can be automatically moved to a predestined end position for opening or closing.

Abstract: A swinging display mounting structure is disclosed to include a housing, which has a front receiving open chamber and can be installed in the headrest of a vehicle chair or the instrument of a motor vehicle, a display receivable to the front receiving open chamber of the housing, and a joint, which secures the display to the housing for enabling the display to be turned in the front receiving open chamber within 180 angles to have the display screen exposed to the outside or kept from sight.

Abstract: A computer system having a display housing and detachable a base housing. The base housing may include a keyboard that can communicate with the display housing via a wired interface or a wireless interface. The keyboard may also include a rechargeable battery. When the keyboard communicates with the display housing using the wired interface, a controller within the keyboard may cause the battery to be charged using a power signal available via the wired interface.

Abstract: An electric machine includes a housing, a mount within the housing, and power and control electronics coupled to the mount. An interference fit is formed between the mount and the housing that secures the mount within the housing independent of mechanical fasteners. The electric machine can also include a segmented or non-segmented stator within the housing.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing dust on components in a computer system is disclosed. Embodiments include a system that generally includes an enclosure, a component mounted with the enclosure, and a fan adapted to induce an airflow towards the component to provide cooling. The system also generally includes a dust ionizer adapted to provide an electrical charge to dust particles within the airflow and a dust reflector having an electrical charge adapted to deflect the charge dust particles away from the component. In some embodiments, the component may be a processor, heat sink, video chip, memory module, voltage regulator module, etc.

Abstract: A heat-dissipating device with heat conductive tubes comprises a heat-dissipating unit having plurality of fins; each fin having a plurality of through holes; each through hole having a corresponding via hole near the through hole; a plurality of annular walls being arranged around each through hole; and a plurality of heat conductive tubes passing through respective through holes of the fins. In manufacturing, the plurality of heat conductive tubes and the heat-dissipating unit with press bars are positioned to a fixture; a shaping mold serves to punch the press bars so that the press bar to press the side walls and thus the fins are tightly riveted to the heat conductive tubes.

Abstract: A heat sink surface mounts to a printed circuit board in direct separation, thermal and physical, from components on the board. The heat sink cools the components by conducting heat from the components through the printed circuit board to the heat sink.

Abstract: A high-frequency module attached with a shield case. Barrier 36 of the shield case has wall 37 provided by being bent from ceiling section 32; wall 38 that is opposed to wall 37 and that is provided by being bent from ceiling section 32; and linkage section 39 for linking the tip end of wall 38 to the tip end of wall 37. The shield case further has: a crossing section at which wall 37 crosses ceiling section 32 and side plate 33; notches 43 respectively provided at the crossing sections at which wall 38, ceiling section 32 and side plate 33 cross one another; and division section 44 for segmentalizing side plate 33 from notches 43 in downward direction. The boundary between circuit block 4 and circuit block 5 is provided at a position corresponding to barrier 36. Connection section 34 is connected to the ground of circuit block 4 or circuit block 5.

Abstract: An interface module in a nonplanar form. The interface module includes an electronic device card, such as a SIM or memory card, in a cross-sectional shape that may be, for example, substantially a circle or ellipse, substantially rectangular meeting certain dimensional requirements, or a shape other than a rectangle having at least three sides. Selected embodiments of the card may be a shape other than one having parallel major surfaces. An interface module assembly includes a card and a card reader. Electrical contacts are provided on both the card and the card reader. The contacts on the card may extend around the card to improve opportunity for continuous contact.

Abstract: There is provided an enclosure for printed wiring assemblies (PWAs). The enclosure includes first and second enclosure halves disposed on opposite sides of the PWA. The first and second enclosure halves are substantially identical in size, shape and location of fastening features. The first and second halves are offset along an axis of the PWA to define an enclosed region and an exposed region of the PWA. The enclosed region protects PWA-mounted components from environmental factors while the exposed region allows access to PWA-mounted components that are accessed during installation and operation of the assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing microsystems comprising microelectronic components that are inserted into cavities created during the layered construction of a base body consisting of a photocurable material, said components being situated adjacent to and/or above one another on several planes and being interconnected either electrically or thermally.

Abstract: One embodiment of an integrated circuit includes a discrete device that defines a top surface, an integrated circuit substrate, and a heat dissipation structure fully covering the top surface of the discrete device and being thermally connected to the integrated circuit substrate.

Abstract: Abstract of the Disclosure One or more connectors are mounted to a module having one or more integrated circuits. In one embodiment, multiple ICs are stacked and interconnected to form a high-density module. The connectors are preferably mounted above the top IC of the module, but may be mounted at other locations. Electrical or fiber-optic cables may be plugged into the connectors. Other devices may be plugged into the connectors. Other embodiments may have one or more connectors mounted to flexible circuitry. Schemes are disclosed to employ various embodiments for test or operational signaling purposes.

Abstract: Conductive bridges to traverse openings in ground planes, and methods of making the conductive bridges, are disclosed. In one aspect, an apparatus may include a ground plane, one or more openings defined in the ground plane, such as, for example, conjoined via openings and/or slots, and one or more conductive bridges coupled with the ground plane that traverse the one or more openings.

Abstract: A direct type backlight module comprises a bezel, a reflection sheet, a light source, a diffusion plate, and a supporting unit. The light source is positioned between the bezel and the diffusion plate, and the reflection sheet is positioned on the upper surface of the bezel. The supporting element is fixed within the bezel to support the diffusion plate upwardly. The bezel further comprises a fixing hole and a button hole for fixing the supporting element. The supporting unit comprises a planar plate, a cone, a jammed plug, and a fixing button. The cone is positioned upon the planar plate to erect between the planar plate and diffusion plate. The top of the cone contacts with the diffusion plate. The jammed plug connects to the bottom surface of the planar plate by passing through the bezel via the fixing hole. The fixing button connects to the bottom surface of the planar plate, but distances the jammed plug by a fix distance, and inserts through the button hole of the bezel.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a circuit board, a light source mounted to the circuit board, a push knob having a text display unit and an arrow display unit which are illuminated from the rear sides by illuminating rays emitted from the light source, a light leakage preventing ring mounted to the push knob, a light intensity distribution adjusting member disposed between the light source and the push knob, and a resin holder serving as a reflector. A lower end of the resin holder serving as a reflector is mounted on the circuit board, and the push knob is mounted on an upper end of the resin holder. The light intensity distribution adjusting member has a semitransparent diffusion reflective portion formed in a center area and a transparent portion formed in a peripheral area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display device and to a method of producing a phosphor to be used for the device, that prevents the phosphor layer from deteriorating, and improves the luminance, life, and reliability, of a PDP. The plasma display device is equipped with a plasma display panel in which a plurality of discharge cells are arranged, phosphor layers (110R, 110G, 110B) in color corresponding to each discharge cell are disposed, and phosphor layers (110R, 110G, 110B) are excited by ultraviolet light to emit light. Green phosphor layer (110G) has a green phosphor including Zn2SiO4:Mn, the element ratio of zinc (Zn) to silicon (Si) at the proximity of its surface is 2/1, which is the stoichiometric ratio, and the layer is positively charged or zero-charged.

Abstract: A wall plate has switch or receptacles or other electric device underneath which are illuminated by electro-luminescent element(s) (hereafter as EL) arranged within panels with a build-in push-tighten frame means to allow people to replace the non-illuminated wall plate to illuminated wall plate by simple installation with safety features to make big improvement. The said wall plate may be selected from group combination from the switch, receptacles, phone jacket, socket, antenna, dimmer switch, ring bell, internet socket, automatically electric appliance switch, or conventional market place available type which may use for home, house, hospital, commercial building, restaurant, restroom, office, hotel, Church with the desire EL elements with indicia, logo, drawing, printing, stencil on top to show some meaning for commercial, religion, enterprise identification, evacuation sign and help people with extra function more than an illuminated wall plate.

Abstract: A marine warning sign, in the shape of a right prism, having a frame forming a square of other polygonal shaped enclosure with straight sides and open front and rear faces. In the front face is positioned an assembly comprised of a transparent panel under which is a graphics panel. On the obverse face of the graphics panel is printed some desired warning indicia. A rear panel enclosed the rear face of the frame. A border, in the same shape as the frame, surrounds the indicia. The border is formed of electroluminescent tape. The electroluminescent tape illuminates when energized by an electrical power control located within the sign. The electrical power control is powered by a rechargeable battery which powers an a/c to d/c inverter. The electrical power control is switched on and off during night and day, respectively, by a circuit in the electrical power control comprised of a comparator having a bridge circuit with a photoresistor as one input.

Abstract: An emergency lighting device adapted to be quickly and easily mounted and installed. In one embodiment, a mounting member of the device is first mounted to a desired structure and connected to an external power supply. Once mounted and completed, and emergency lighting assembly is secured to the mounting member. In certain embodiments, securing the emergency lighting assembly to the mounting member connects the device to the external power supply and energizes the device.

Abstract: The add-on illumination device provides a means of consistent, bright illumination to the viewing area of a collapsible (or folding) magnifier. This invention is easily inserted into the magnifier's lens storage compartment. Its lamps are situated under the edge of the magnifier's lens and are aimed at the magnifier's viewing area. The add-on illumination device dramatically improves the visibility of anything being viewed under the magnifier.

Abstract: A spotlight system is adaptable for use with preferably one or more power sources so as to provide lighting where needed. The spotlight system preferably includes a spotlight assembly comprising a lamp housing which includes at least one bulb, a switch, and an enclosure. The spotlight system may be operated utilizing DC power with or without a rechargeable battery. The rechargeable battery may be recharged utilizing DC power or AC power while still connected to the lamp housing. When the lamp housing is operated without a battery, then the lamp housing is extremely light for hand held operation with a preferably high power beam.

Abstract: An oversized lantern capable of generating substantial amounts of light and heat, while providing the appeal of an open fire, is disclosed. The lantern includes a base having a reservoir for containing liquid fuel such as oil, a glass enclosure attached to the base for functioning as a wind shield, a plate that floats on top of the liquid fuel, and a plurality of wicks inserted in the plate. Ceramic simulated logs are disposed on the plate to simulate a campfire effect. The wicks can be manually adjusted to increase or decrease the size of the simulated fire. The base preferably includes a plurality of peripheral feet to elevate the base above the supporting surface to prevent corrosion.

Abstract: A compact flashlight is configured such that it can be coupled to a key ring, as well as various other devices, and includes a locking mechanism that inhibits accidental opening and detachment from the ring or other device. The compact flashlight is further configured to allow the flashlight to be pointed in numerous directions while resting on a surface, and further allows for ease of battery replacement. The compact flashlight additionally includes a plurality of switches that are easy to operate, and includes both a momentary switch and an on-off switch.

Abstract: A lantern handle has an open end defined to allow communication between an interior and an exterior of the handle and to allow an extension of an electrical torch into the lantern handle. The electrical torch includes a pushbutton mounted on its periphery. A securing device is pivotally connected to an outer periphery of the handle to selectively clamp the pushbutton of the electrical torch.

Abstract: The flashlight has on its lamp holder a movable member able to move into the lamp holder, the movable member is fixedly provided with an electric conductive strip; and has a restorable spring to normally push the movable member out of the lamp holder that is normally kept in a position to render the electric conductive strip to contact with the contact point of the circuit board. When the flashlight is turned on, a light source is created by electric connecting of a light emitting element effected by an electric conductive strip. When the flashlight is laid upside down with the lamp holder facing downwards to be not in use for a moment, by the weight of the flashlight, the movable member is moved into the lamp holder to release the electric conductive strip from contact with the contact point of the circuit board, hence the light emitting member is electrically broken, and a function of saving electric energy can be obtained.