Abstract: The brittle workpiece splitting system 1 includes a substrate holding mechanism 10 for holding a substrate 51, and a processing unit 5 for splitting the substrate 51 held by the substrate holding mechanism 10 by a splitting process. The substrate holding mechanism 10 has an edge damper 12 adapted to clamp an edge part of the substrate 51 from the sides of the opposite surfaces of the edge part, and support members 19 for supporting the substrate 51 thereon at a predetermined height. The support members 19 are disposed on the side opposite the side of the edge damper 12 with respect to the intended split line 61 parallel to the edge part of the substrate 51. The edge damper 12 has an edge holder 15 on which the substrate 51 is seated, and a pressure bar 14 for pressing the substrate 51 against the edge holder 15 to hold the substrate 51 between the edge holder 15 and the pressure bar 14.

Abstract: One advantageous embodiment of the present invention is an enhanced pinmat (12) for perforating a composite laminate sheet (20). The enhanced pinmat (12) includes a mat portion (22) and a series of pins (24) extending from the mat portion (22). Each pin (24) has a shank portion (30) extending from the mat portion (22) and a tip portion (32) extending from the shank portion (30). The tip portion (32) includes a base portion (34) extending from the shank portion (30), an accelerating portion (36) extending from the base portion (34), and a piercing portion (38) extending from the accelerating portion (36). The piercing portion (38) is utilized for penetrating the composite laminate sheet (20) within a substantially low range of applied pressure for forming a hole within the composite laminate sheet (20).

Abstract: A device for comminuting a residual sheet metal grid includes a grid supply system defining a grid supply plane and supplying the grid in a longitudinal direction; and a cutting assembly including a plurality of shearing teeth extending along a transverse direction transverse to the longitudinal direction. The shearing teeth can include a cutting edge, a cutting edge portion, or both a cutting edge and a cutting edge portion. The cutting assembly can be constructed and arranged to cut the metal grid along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction.

Abstract: A power transmission structure with a dual blade shaft of a circular saw is disclosed. The rear end of the driving shaft of the driving roller is provided with a fixing plate pivotally mounted with a steering roller, a steered roller and a dual levels transmission roller. These rollers are surrounded with a first transmission belt, and the fixing plate is provided with a floating rod having an adjustable roller. The rear end of the driven shaft has a driven roller, and the driven roller, the adjustable roller and the dual level transmission roller is provided with a second transmission belt. The first and second transmission belts are used to cause the saw blade and pre-cut blade of the driven shaft to rotate in reverse direction. The tightness of the second transmission belt is adjusted by means of the floating rod.

Abstract: A guide for use with a cutting member, such as hand saws, that is easy to use, is readily portable and can be adjusted to permit cutting of precise compound angles on work pieces of various configurations. The guide mechanism comprises two angularly related members arranged so that when one member engages the face of a work piece, the other member functions to glidably engage a cutting member, such as the blade of a hand saw with the teeth thereof in cutting relation with said face of the work piece. In one form of the invention, locking mechanisms are provided to lock the member in any selected angular relation and a magnet is carried by the guide member which uniquely functions to continuously urge the saw into engagement with a plurality of rollers that are also carried by the guide member.

Abstract: A paper cutting machine for cutting stacked plural paper sheets placed on a table (4). The machine includes a paper holder (2), which moves downward from the above along a vertical guide, a cutter blade (3) for moving upward from below the table (4). As a paper holder mechanism for the paper holder (2), a first nut (8) is screwed to a screw (7) to be rotated by a first motor (10). The first nut (8) and the paper holder (2) are coupled together via a link (5), and the cutter blade (3) is attached to a guide (13) formed with a tilted guide groove (14). An inner slider (15) protruding from the cutter blade (3) is fit to the guide groove (14), and the inner slider (15) engages with and coupled to a vertical groove (25) formed in a moving element (20). The moving element (20) is the one coupled with a second nut (19) screwed to a second screw (16) to be rotated by a second motor (17).

Abstract: When a retainer collar 77 is rotated with respect to a punch guide 29 in a turnable manner, an upper punch driver 49 which pierces the retainer collar 77 so as to be movable up and down is rotated with respect to the punch guide 29. As a result, since the upper punch driver 49 is screwed into a lower punch driver 37 and is rotated with respect to the lower punch driver 37 provided on the punch guide 29 movablly up and down, an up-down positional relationship between the upper punch driver 49 and the lower punch driver 37 can be adjusted.

Abstract: Manual safety vegetable cutter comprising: a frame (1) which is supported on feet (21, 22) and which is provided with two parallel longitudinal uprights (31, 32) which define two guiding rails for a carriage (5) which can be moved back and forth in translation and which are connected by means of a plate (4) for adjusting the cutting width, and at least one cutting blade (11) which is mounted transversely between the longitudinal uprights (31, 32), characterised in that it is provided with at least one removable disc-cutting cartridge (15) which can be inserted longitudinally between the uprights (31, 32) of the frame (1) and which comprises a first edge (14), on which the cutting blade (11) is mounted, this disc-cutting cartridge (15) being provided with gripping means which co-operate with positioning means which are provided on the frame (1).

Abstract: A musician's plectrum having a top and a bottom surface, a first groove on the top surface which runs perpendicular to an axis of symmetry and positioned the user's thumb perpendicular to the axis of symmetry, and a second groove on the bottom surface which runs parallel to the axis of symmetry and positions the user's forefinger parallel to the axis of symmetry, is described. In alternate embodiments, the plectrum can further include a textured surface, a grip support, a beveled striking surface, and/or a wear-resistant coating.

Abstract: One piece guitar hanger apparatus for displaying a guitar on a wall in playing position with support braces that allow the insertion of each strap button which supports the weight of the guitar, a main body to hold the support braces in the proper position, and a support dowel to prohibit the guitar from tilting.

Abstract: Two piece guitar hanger apparatus for displaying a guitar on a wall in playing position with support braces that allow the insertion of each strap button which supports the weight of the guitar, a support dowel to prohibit the guitar from tilting, and a spacer for angled peg head guitar models to maintain sufficient space as to keep the peg head from touching the wall.

Abstract: An adapting device for attaching a strap, with an aperture, loop, ring or similar opening at or near the end, to a combination end pin/electrical output jack or other attachment point on the object, and a retaining device to secure the strap and adapting device thereon. The adapting device being of a flexible, semi-flexible, semi-rigid or rigid material folded (or formed) over upon itself with apertures of suitable size to fit over the combination end pin/electrical output jack or other attachment point. The adapting device is secured through the aperture, loop, ring or other opening at or near the end of the strap. The retaining device being a flat, flexible, semi-flexible, or semi-rigid material with a slotted opening suitable to engage the combination end pin/electrical output jack or other attachment point on the object with the adapting device or a properly fitting strap situated and held between the object and the retaining device.

Abstract: A harmonica includes a comb with a plurality of cell sets each including alternately arranged first and second cells, a plurality of mouthpieces registered with the cell sets, a reed vibrating member having a plurality of reeds registered with the cells and configured to be vibrated by an air flow for producing a tone of either one of diatonic and chromatic scales, and a valve member with a plurality of valve units interposed between the mouthpieces and the cell sets and shiftable between diatonic and chromatic positions to block the air flow into the second and first cells, respectively, thereby allowing the player to play the notes of both diatonic and chromatic scales.

Abstract: In a support device for a set of marching tenor drums arrayed in an arc shape of at least four drums, the device being held on the body of a player, two or three consecutive drums of the array, format least one group. The device includes a holding mechanism for keeping the positions of the drums in each group constant relative to drums within the same group, and a turnable linking mechanism for linking the group and drums adjoining the group to be turnable relative to each other.

Abstract: A carrier for holding a bass drum with two first connection mechanisms and one second connection mechanism. The second connection mechanism includes a connection member, which is arranged on the bass drum, and a slide member, which is arranged on the carrier. The distal end of the slide member is engaged with the connection member. Each first connection mechanism includes a hook receptacle, which is arranged on the bass drum and open in a downward direction, and a hook, which is arranged on the carrier and inserted in the receptacle.

Abstract: The accessory support device is mechanically integrated into a musical instrument and provides a platform to which another instrument such as a cymbal, bell or woodblock, or an instrument accessory, such as a microphone, electronic triggering device, sheet music holder, wireless transmitter etc., may be mechanically applied.

Abstract: A stick type drumstick is disclosed which includes a plurality of elongated reasonably straight wooden rods formed around a central foam core. The central foam core is comprised of a larger diameter sized wooden rod, shorter in length and having attached to one end a foam rod of the same diameter. The plurality of rods matching the length of the central foam core are placed around its outside diameter, a retaining sleeve is securely fitted over the gripping end creating a handle. At the opposite or playing end an additional retaining sleeve shorter in length is secured slightly back from playing end allowing some flexibility for the outer rods but not allowing them to spread or splay allowing the foam core to slide out of position.

Abstract: Compressed waveform data structure is proposed which is suited for segmentation of a plurality of samples of compressed waveform data into a plurality of frames and subsequent storage of each of the frames. The number of bits per sample of the compressed waveform data is variable between the frames, but uniform, i.e. the same among all of the samples, within each of the frames. Each of the frames has a same data storage size. Each of the frames includes, in a predetermined layout, an auxiliary information area for storing auxiliary information that includes compression-related information to be used for decompressing the compressed waveform data, and a data area for storing a plurality of samples of the compressed waveform data of the frame with each of the samples comprising a same number of bits. Thus, respective start positions of the frames and compressed waveform data in a memory can be fixed at predetermined positions common to the frames, so that readout control can be performed with ease.

Abstract: Based on the understanding that time-varying characteristics of a tone element, such as an amplitude and pitch, in waveform data acquired through a live performance of a musical instrument include a variation component intended or controllable by a human player and a variation component not intended or non-controllable by the human player, the present invention allows the two components to be adjusted/controlled separately and independently of each other, so as to achieve effective and high-quality control. Discrete variation value train is acquired for at least one particular tone element in original waveform data, and the acquired variation value train is separated, in accordance with a time constant factor, into a “swell” value train of a relatively great time constant and a “fluctuation” value train of a relatively small time constant. The “swell” value train and “fluctuation” value train are variably controlled independently of each other.

Abstract: Control device 1 having a changeover valve 5, a pump 4 delivering operating medium, in particular a motor-operated pump or a hand pump, connection devices for connecting the control device 1 to at least two tools, in particular a first lifting cylinder 2 and a second lifting cylinder 3 or the like, the changeover valve 5 being operable in particular by hand; wherein a) the changeover valve 5, when the operator lets go of it, can be brought automatically into a basic position in which no pressure build-up in the region of the tools is possible, b) a control valve 7 is provided between the changeover valve 5 and the tools, and c) the control valve 7 can likewise be operated by hand by an operator.

Abstract: The invention concerns a hydraulic valve arrangement (1) with a working connection arrangement having a first working connection (A) and a second working connection (B), both working connections (A, B) being connectable with a hydraulic consumer (2), a supply connection arrangement having a pressure connection (P) and a tank connection (T), a first valve arrangement with a first valve (12), closing the pressure connection (P) or connecting it in a controlled manner with the first working connection (A) or the second working connection (B), a second valve arrangement with a second valve (16), closing the tank connection (T) or connecting it in a controlled manner with the first working connection (A) or the second working connection (B), and a control arrangement controlling the first valve arrangement and the second valve arrangement. In such a valve arrangement, it is endeavoured to achieve improved operation behaviour.

Abstract: Dual capacity compressor including a power generating part (20) having a reversible motor (21, 22) and a crank shaft (23) inserted in the motor (21, 23), a compression part (30) having a cylinder (32), a piston (31), and a connecting rod (33), a crank pin (110) in an upper part of the crank shaft (23) eccentric to an axis of the crank shaft, an eccentric sleeve (120) rotatably fitted to the crank pin (110), and the connecting rod (33) respectively, a key member (130) for positive fastening of the eccentric sleeve (120 ) to the crank pin (110) in all rotation directions of the motor, and an eccentric mass (200) provided to the eccentric sleeve (120) for rotating the eccentric sleeve (120) around the crank pin (110), thereby preventing relative motion between components that sustain the eccentricity, and permitting a smooth motion between the components.

Abstract: One advantageous embodiment of the claimed invention is an air cylinder (12) for a pneumatic fan drive system (10). The air cylinder (12) is comprised of a single-piece stamping, which is utilized for covering a piston (22) of the pneumatic fan drive system (10). This single-piece stamping has an e-coating (40) applied thereon for improving a surface finish of the single-piece stamping and inhibiting corrosion of said single-piece stamping.

Abstract: A single-piece air cylinder (“air cylinder”) for a pneumatic fan drive system. The air cylinder is comprised of a single-piece stamping having a stepped tab portion for attaching to a piston rod of the pneumatic fan drive system. The air cylinder has a cylinder portion and a washer portion extending concentrically inward from the cylinder portion. The washer portion defines an aperture and has the stepped tab portion extending into the aperture. This air cylinder has a sufficiently robust construction for resisting fatigue over a significant number of operation cycles. Additionally, the air cylinder has a substantially robust construction for resisting damage associated with dropping or otherwise mishandling the air cylinder.

Abstract: Devices, piston components, and methods are provided for an improved piston. One embodiment for a piston component includes a base having a side to receive a piston body. A tang is provided to the base and extends outward from the side of the base which is to receive the piston body.

Abstract: An oil ring 1 comprises an annular oil ring body 10 having a pair of rail portions 12 at its axially upper and lower portions and butt ends, and a coil expander 20 assembled in the inner periphery of the oil ring body 10. The cross-sectional profile taken in the radial direction of the outer peripheral sliding surface (f) of the pair of rail portions 12 has a nearly straight region (f1) with a length of equal to or more than 0.05 mm in the center and curved regions (f2) formed on both sides of the straight region (f1).

Abstract: An apparatus analyzes components of particulate materials suspended in air. The apparatus includes a container into which the air is introduced, a discharging electrode arranged in the container to electrically charge the particulate materials contained in the air, a dust collecting electrode arranged in the container to collect charged particulate materials utilizing electric potential difference, and a device for separating volatile components contained in the particulate materials collected on the dust collecting electrode. A gas analyzer is connected to the container into which the volatile components of the particulate materials separated in the container are introduced, to analyze the volatile components.

Abstract: A compact sorbent filter for selectively sorbing contaminants and method of removing contamination from an enclosure with a filter is disclosed. Filters of the present invention comprise two or more modular adsorbent units that can be foldably connected and possibly symmetric about one or more axis. In another aspect, the invention provides a laminar support, having at least one edge, a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the article is folded along the fold line about the at least one edge of the laminar support such that the first adsorbent assembly is adjacent to the first side of the laminar support and the second adsorbent assembly is adjacent to the second side of the laminar support. In this aspect, the laminar support may be exposed or covered by the adjacent adsorbent assemblies.

Abstract: A fluid deceleration device is provided for a hydraulic system having a housing forming a sump, and a valve unit having an outlet port through which hydraulic fluid is expelled for communication to the sump. The fluid deceleration device includes an elongated tilted fluid container and a conduit which communicates fluid from the outlet port to an interior of the container. The container has an upper open end surrounded by a lip. When the container is filled, de-aerated fluid spills over the lip and falls into the sump.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid separating device with a lower section with a fluid feeding device and a liquid discharging device, an upper section with a fluid feeding device and a gas discharging device, a contact device which is constructed in such a manner that gas, which rises from the lower section into the upper section, comes into contact with liquid which sinks from the upper section into the lower section. Thereby, the rising gases can be depleted of components which are soluble in said liquid. Furthermore, a measuring device for determining the quantity of liquid and/or the alterations thereof is provided.

Abstract: A holder for a beverage container, for installation in a motor vehicle has a receiver open to a top for insertion of a beverage container, guide unit, a support which is guided by the guide unit so as to be movable back and forth between a lowered position and a raised position, the support in the raised position providing a beverage container inserted into the receiver with a lateral support above the receiver, an unlockable locking device which holds the support in the lowered position, and a locking device which holds the support in the raised position.

Abstract: A coffee brewer includes a body portion and a solid funnel insert that holds a coffee cartridge. The funnel insert includes an inner cup portion and an outer cup portion. Heated water flows into the funnel insert through a brewer spray head and saturates the coffee cartridge to form coffee. The coffee flows through an exit hole in the inner cup portion of the funnel insert and collects in a coffee pot. The size of the exit hole can be adjusted for a desired taste of coffee. A plurality of elongated raised projections on a bottom portion of the inner cup portion extend radially from the exit hole and raise the coffee cartridge from the bottom portion, allowing the hot water to flow under the coffee cartridge.

Abstract: A cheese processing system includes a vat and a knife extending into the vat. A drive mechanism is configured to move the knife in a horizontal direction through the vat. The knife continuously reciprocates in a vertical direction as the knife moves in the horizontal direction through the vat.

Abstract: One object of the invention is to provide a container for cooking foods that (1) enables cooking while maintaining an appropriate moisture content, even when the container is heated by an external heating means such as a microwave oven, and (2) can be opened easily. Another object is to provide a container that is equipped with a separate seasoning means that enables the foods to be seasoned automatically, without that needing to be done manually by a user, and for the seasoning means to be removed easily. The container, which is formed of a polyolefin-based sheet, comprises a container body and a cover and is provided with a pressure-releasing part whose adhesion strength is weak enough so that it can be opened by the vapor pressure that is generated inside the container when it is heated. Also provided is a packet that contains liquid seasoning and that can be opened by the vapor pressure that is generated by heating the container, so as to make the liquid seasoning flow out.

Abstract: Disclosed are product inspection systems and methods for monitoring, inspecting and controlling baking and cooking processes, and the like. Products are processed in a predetermined manner using a product processor, such as by baking the products, for example. A controller is used to control operation of the product processor. A conveyor moves or conveys processed products past inspection apparatus. The inspection apparatus comprises an image acquisition system for generating images of products conveyed by the conveyor past the inspection apparatus. One or more illumination devices illuminate products on the conveyor. An inspection processor processes images generated by the image acquisition system to inspect the conveyed products. The inspection processor determines locations of conveyed products by processing image data corresponding to the image frames, and classifies each of the located products to indicate if the products are acceptable or are defective.

Abstract: A removable gripping device for a container has two clamp-forming members which are mounted to a gripping body, one of which can move longitudinally between an open position and a closed position; movement elements which are designed to move the aforementioned mobile member; and actuation devices which can move in relation to the gripping body. The above-mentioned actuation devices are mounted so as to move longitudinally between a rest position and an actuation position, whereby the actuation devices cause a lever to move from the retracted position to the deployed position thereof.

Abstract: A numbering apparatus incorporates a push rod which is pushed mechanically by an ejector plate or other mechanism of an injection mold in each injection process. The push rod moves, in a linear direction, a link attached to a central cylinder which turns inside wheels having, on their outer face, marking digits. The wheels have an inner toothing, on which pressure is exerted by a comb, made up of comb teeth, that protrude externally from the central cylinder in order to change the position of the wheel in the forward direction of the central cylinder. The digit displayed, while also incorporating magnets, matching up with the outer face of the wheel which assist in securing the position of the comb, thereby preventing the wheel from turning while the cylinder is sliding back.

Abstract: A stencil printer for printing viscous material on a substrate includes a frame, a stencil coupled to the frame, and a print head, coupled for the frame, to deposit and print viscous material over the stencil. The stencil printer further includes a substrate supporting and clamping assembly to support and clamp a substrate in a print position. The substrate supporting and clamping assembly includes at least one support member to support the substrate in a print position, a pair of rail members, coupled to the frame, adapted to engage opposite edges of the substrate, and a clamping mechanism, coupled to the frame, to move at least one of the rail members against the substrate to clamp the substrate.

Abstract: A first roller, which takes up dampening fluid from a dampening agent reservoir, and a second roller, are controlled. The first roller transfers the dampening fluid to the second roller. The first roller and the second roller have separate driving devices and their individual surface velocities differ from each other because of their separate driving devices. A change in the velocity of a forme cylinder results in a change in the slip between the first and second rollers. Dampening systems are also contemplated.

Abstract: A printing press having inboard cantilevered cylinder supports is disclosed. The press includes a frame with a drive side spaced from a non-drive side, and the press includes a cylinder defining an having an axis and having a drive end and a non-drive end. The drive end includes a drive aperture extending axially into the cylinder and a splined insert mounted within the drive aperture, while the non-drive end includes a non-drive aperture extending axially into the cylinder. A drive shaft is rotatably mounted to the drive side of the frame and is arranged for connection to a power source. The drive shaft includes a spline sized to engage the splined insert and is arranged to a portion of the cylinder, while a mandrel carried by the non-drive side of the frame extends into the non-drive aperture and is arranged to support another portion of the cylinder.

Abstract: An ink supply system for a printing press for thixotropic inks includes a coating head having a chamber open to a coating cylinder. The chamber includes a supply zone, a return zone and a pressure zone and having a small volume such that all ink contained in the zones is kept in constant motion. A container with an agitator and an exit port is provided. A first pump supplies ink from ink container to the supply zone and a second pump returns ink from the return zone of the chamber to the container. The pumps provide movement and increased pressure to substantially all ink within the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and a system for forming a relief image on a photosensitive printing element. The system comprises an enclosure housing a conveyor and a heatable roller. The photosensitive printing element is positioned on a continuous loop of the conveyor and the heatable roller is urged towards the photosensitive printing element on the conveyor. An absorbent material is conducted over the heatable roller and is used to absorb at least a portion of the liquefied or softened material from the photosensitive printing element when the heatable roller is heated. The system also comprises ventilation means operatively connected to the enclosure for treating and recycling air containing contaminants that are released into the enclosure as the portion of the photosensitive material is heated and then softens. The ventilation means typically include a particulate filter and a bed of adsorbent material. The treated air may then be returned to the enclosure.

Abstract: In order to provide a printing unit (1; 50) of modular design with the lowest possible expenditure on construction and high flexibility, the printing unit (1; 50) of modular design for printing webs (29) has a stand (2; 2?; 54), which is provided with at least one crossmember (3; 4; 51) at both ends (drive and operating side), printing cylinders (9 to 16) being mounted in the crossmembers (3; 4; 51) in such a way that a structural unit comprising crossmembers (3; 4; 51) and printing cylinders (9 to 16) can be taken completely out of and put into the stand (2; 2?; 54).

Abstract: A method of printing on a metal surface includes steps of forming a plurality of macropores on at least a portion of a metal surface. A plurality of micropores are formed within and adjacent to the macropores. The metal surface is cleaned, and a first ink having a first color is applied to the macropores and micropores to form at least one image on the metal surface. Preferably, the ink is applied using an inkjet printer. The ink is dried. A second ink having a second color may also be applied to the metal surface and then dried. Additional inks may also be applied. A lacquer top coat may be applied to the metal surface on top of the first ink (and additional inks, if provided). Preferably, the metal surface is part of a coin.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and method are provided for measuring a moment of inertia and friction coefficient in the image forming apparatus. The image forming apparatus includes a printing unit for printing an image on a medium, and a parameter calculating unit for measuring at least one of a current and velocity of a driving motor and calculating at least one of a moment of inertia and friction coefficient of the image forming apparatus. Accordingly, the image forming apparatus can measure the moment of inertia and friction coefficient of the image forming apparatus without a separate measuring apparatus, and it is possible to inspect an assembled image forming apparatus and parts therein to maintain the image forming apparatus in an optimal printing state.

Abstract: A semiconductor bridge (SCB) device. In one embodiment, the SCB device includes a laminate layer on top of an insulating material, wherein the laminate layer comprises a series of layers of at least two reactive materials, and wherein the laminate layer comprises two relatively large sections that substantially cover the surface area of the insulating material, and a bridge section joining the two relatively large sections. At least one conductive contact pad is coupled to at least one of the series of layers, wherein a predetermined current through the conductive contact pad causes the bridge section to initiate a reaction in which the laminate layer is involved. In one embodiment, the SCB device includes an integrated diode formed by an interface of the insulating material with another material, such as a metal.

Abstract: A diversion device capable of generating a disorientating flash and a disorientating sound without an explosion has a housing with a cavity containing an inert gas, a piston and a powder. The powder creates the flash via ignition after exiting the device. The device also includes a mechanism configured to ensure the powder encompasses the device upon exit and does is not dispersed in a substantially horizontal plane. In addition, the device may include devices capable of creating a disorientating sound as the inert gas escapes the device.

Abstract: A round of gun ammunition including a projectile adapted to be propelled from the gun at a subsonic velocity. The round includes a case containing a quantity of gun powder therein, but not filling the case. A projectile projects into the body portion of a case to a location proximate the gun powder. A disc having a circumference substantially matching the inner circumference of the body portion of the case at the level of the gun powder within the case is interposed between the gun powder and the proximal end of the projectile within the case to provide a barrier against movement of gun powder toward the open end of the case. In one embodiment, a further disc is interposed between the disc and the proximal end of the projectile to filter out gun powder particles which may escape past the barrier disc. A method for the manufacture of the round of gun ammunition is disclosed.

Abstract: Improved deep target penetrating munitions are disclosed which bring about controlled ejection of the payload following the penetration by the munition of the ceiling of a hardened facility. The ejection results from a plurality of selected propelling charges, which are activated following a signal from a fuze by a shock-hardened electronic trigger system. The shock-hardened electronic trigger system is programmed to automatically select the appropriate charges to match and cancel out the instantaneous terminal velocity of the munitions following the penetration of the ceiling of a hardened target facility. In this manner, the payload is deployed within the target facility for maximum effect and minimum collateral damage.

Abstract: A MAGLEV guideway module which can be supported by vertical columns to create a section of an elevated MAGLEV guideway is disclosed. The module includes a deck and an elongated box beam that are form cast together in a unitary monolithic construction and made of lightweight, steel reinforced concrete. Functionally, a plurality of modules cooperate to form an elevated levitation track that supports the operational electromagnetic guideway components and is designed to support the weight of a MAGLEV vehicle. For the module, the beam can be an elongated, hollow beam, such as a box beam, which is made of a molded, pre-stressed concrete. A molded-concrete transverse deck is integrally formed on the hollow beam. The deck includes first and second cantilevers that each extend from the beam in opposite directions. Together, the cantilevers and beam establish a substantially flat deck surface over which a MAGLEV vehicle can travel.