Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for creating, managing and staging aerobic and/or anaerobic landfills. The invention provides systems and methods for collecting liquids from and recirculating liquids into landfills and systems and methods for collecting gases from and introducing gases into landfills. The invention also provides a novel conduit for conveying liquids and gases which comprises a first pipe coaxially disposed within a second pipe.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for installing a floating platform to the ocean floor using a spoolable (preferably composite) tether, comprising installing the spooled tether onto the floating platform; towing the floating platform to a site for installation; unspooling the tether; connecting a bottom end connector of the tether to a foundation on the ocean floor; and connecting a top end connector of the tether to the floating platform. A preferred floating platform is a tension leg platform, and the invention includes a novel tension leg platform (TLP) comprising a spooled tether installed thereon. In a preferred embodiment the foundation is a suction anchor, and the suction anchor is connected to the bottom end connector prior to unspooling the tether and attached to the ocean floor after unspooling the tether. The floating platform may be uninstalled, moved and re-installed according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention may be embodied as an eccentric vibration system comprising a major eccentric member, a minor eccentric member, first and second motor assemblies, and a transmission system. The transmission system operates in a first mode when a torque of the first motor assembly is less than a torque of the second motor assembly and in a second mode when the torque of the first motor assembly is greater than the torque of the second motor assembly. When the transmission system operates in the first mode, longitudinal vibratory forces generated by the major eccentric member substantially cancel longitudinal vibratory forces generated by the minor eccentric member. When the transmission system operates in the second mode, longitudinal vibratory forces generated by the major eccentric member are added to longitudinal vibratory forces generated by the minor eccentric member.

Abstract: A sheet piling (15) comprising a first flange (16), a second flange (18), a web (19), a junction (20) between the first flange and the web, the junction having a substantially concave inner surface (44), the inner surface comprising at least a first concave surface of first radius (23a) and a second concave surface of second radius (23b). The inner surface may further comprise a third concave surface of third radius (23c).

Abstract: A retaining wall block (1) has parallel top and bottom faces (2, 3), a front face (4), a rear face (5), first and second side wall faces (6, 7) and a vertical plane of symmetry (S) extending between the front and rear faces (4, 5). The block (1) is formed as a body portion (8) including the front face (4), a head portion (9) including the rear face (5) and a neck portion (10) connecting the body portion (8) and the head portion (9). The body, head and neck portions (8, 9, 10) each extend between the top and bottom faces (2, 3) and between the first and second side wall faces (6, 7). An opening (13)? extends through the neck portion (10) from the top face (2) to the bottom face (3), dividing the neck portion (10) into first and second neck wall members (14, 15) extending rearwardly from the body portion (8) to the head portion (9).

Abstract: In a throw-away tipped drill, a slit is formed at the bottom surface of a tip attachment seat which faces towards the end of its axial line direction, with this slit extending towards the rear of the axial line direction. Furthermore, when seen from the end of the axial line direction, this slit is arranged as being displaced so as to be closer to a second end portion into which a shaft portion of a clamp bolt is threaded than to a first end portion which is pressed by a head portion of that clamp bolt. As a result, when, using the clamp bolt, the pair of outer side surfaces of the tip are pressed by the pair of internal side surfaces of the tip attachment seat, the pressing forces are mutually equal to one another.

Abstract: An assembly for removing chips from a cutting tool working area on a workpiece, including a support structure for supporting a first end of an axially expandable and collapsible tubular member; a cross-piece for supporting a second end of the tubular member; at least one biasing spring configured and arranged for resiliently biasing the support structure and the cross-piece away from one another; a housing with a chips-receiving chamber located adjacent one of the ends of the tubular member for engagement with the working area of the workpiece, an outlet from the chamber of the housing being configured to be connected to a vacuum source for removing chips from the chamber; and a hub portion located at the other of the ends of the tubular member for engagement with a cutting machine.

Abstract: An indexable insert includes an insert body including a plurality of cutting edge portions and an insert hole arrangement for permitting the insert to be secured to a toolholder. The insert hole arrangement includes at least one securing screw-receiving hole. The insert hole arrangement is configured to permit a securing screw to extend through the insert body along any one of at least two different axes through the insert hole arrangement, the insert hole arrangement including a screw abutment surface for abutting against the securing screw.

Abstract: A cutting tool for, e.g., dressing electrode tips includes a toolholder having an opening extending through the toolholder from a top of the toolholder to a bottom of the toolholder along a central axis of the toolholder, and a plurality of insert mounting pockets disposed around the opening for mounting replaceable cutting inserts, the plurality of insert mounting pockets including a center pocket, a top pocket, and a bottom pocket. The tool also includes a center insert removably disposed in the center pocket, a top insert removably disposed in the top pocket, and a bottom insert removably disposed in the bottom pocket. When a top electrode tip and a bottom electrode tip are disposed in a dressing position relative to a top and a bottom of the opening in the toolholder and the tool is rotated, the center insert and the top insert dress the top electrode tip, and the center insert and the bottom insert dress the bottom electrode tip.

Abstract: A planing attachment for a rotary hand tool of the type having a generally cylindrical body with an output shaft at a nose end thereof to which a cutting bit can be attached, the attachment being configured at an attaching end to matingly engage the nose end of the hand tool. The attachment includes a housing having an attaching end portion and a planing tool end portion, wherein the attaching end portion is configured to matingly engage the nose end of the rotary hand tool, and a leading plane and a trailing plane are configured wherein one of the planes is disposed on opposite sides of the cutting bit, and wherein the leading plane is elevated relative to the trailing plane by a distance proportional to the depth of cut made by the cutting bit. The attachment further includes a longitudinal cavity disposed between the leading plane and the trailing plane and is configured to receive the cutting bit therein, a cutting bit support disposed at the planing tool end portion of the attachment.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for machining of thin panels, in particular, panels having a complex shape, specifically non-deformable panels, in which the panel to be machined is placed beforehand in an isostatic position, characterized by: one defines one or more areas of a predetermined extent for purposes of machining, named machining windows, in the area of the panel to be machined; and perpendicular to each machining window; one of surfaces of panel is held in position without introducing positioning hyperstatism; the actual shape of the aforementioned surface is measured; the desired machining operation is performed on the opposite surface by taking the aforementioned measured surface as a reference; and the aforementioned surface is released.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for centering a workpiece on a machine tool that includes first and second guide plates having respective first and second aligned bores therein for supporting a centering pin mounted therein for axial movement between a retracted position and a use position. The centering pin cooperates with a workpiece such as a fan rotor blade of a turbine engine for positioning the workpiece in a predetermined position relative to a metal shaping operation to be carried out by the machine on the workpiece. At least one spring cooperates with the centering pin for exerting a predetermined axial bias for urging the centering pin into the use position. A lock locks the centering pin in the use position.

Abstract: A tool support for fixed or rotating tools embodied with a collet chuck receiver for a collet chuck for clamping a tool shaft from the direction of the tool side. The collet chuck receiver has a tapering bore for receiving a collet chuck and a coaxial screw thread assigned to the bore for receiving a tensioning nut. In place of a collet chuck, a tool clamping insert is inserted with a tapering receiving neck into the tapering receiving bore, wherein the tool clamping insert is clamped in place by fastening means from the direction of the tool side.

Abstract: A device 1 and a method for trimming samples 38 are disclosed. The device 1 encompasses a knife holder 9 and a sample holder 7, the knife holder 9 carrying at least one trimming knife 36. A first motor 60 and a second motor 61 are provided, which move the knife holder 9 in an X-Y plane. Also provided is a control unit 15 that controls the motion of the knife holder 9. The first and the second motor 60, 61 are each equipped with a measurement means 62, 63 that measures the position of the knife holder 9 in the X direction (X) and Y direction (Y).

Abstract: A locking device for a threaded fastener comprises a pair of washers each having a plurality of wedge cam sets that include a base-cam and a raised tooth-cam. When the washers are mated together in use, the wedge cam sets of each washer are placed into confronting engagement with those of the other washer, with the raised tooth-cams of each washer engaging the base-cams of the other washer. The base-cam surfaces are ramped so that, as the tooth-cams slide along them during relative rotational movement, the combined axial height of the two washers changes—decreasing during tightening and increasing during loosening so that unintended partial loosening of the fastener is offset by expansion of the washers to thereby maintain bolt tension. Raised shoulders at each end of the tooth-cams are used to inhibit the amount of relative rotational movement of the two washers in both directions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a punching/binding machine comprised of a frame (1), a matrix (3), a rake (4), a comb (2), a cutting knife (5) and a control lever with which the cutting knife (5) and/or the comb (2) can be displaced relative to the matrix (3) and/or to the rake (4). A machine requiring a minimal number of production components is obtained when the control lever (15, 14) is provided with the frame (1) as one piece and when it is engaged with at least one driving element (6) which, in turn, is separately or simultaneously engaged with the cutting knife (5) and/or with the comb (2) in order to effect said displacement. Advantages with regard to cost and operation are achieved with a combined punching/binding machine of the aforementioned type that is based on a frame consisting of two interconnected V's.

Abstract: A storage device for off-floor storage, including a base for emplacement on a floor of a storage area, a substantially vertical support member extending from the base and defining a deployment axis, a platform movably connected to the vertical support member, and a lift actuator operationally connected to the platform. The lift actuator may be energized to move the platform into any one of a plurality of substantially parallel vertical positions oriented generally transversely to the deployment axis. The base is decoupled from the floor.

Abstract: A storage and retrieval system includes a plurality of individual storage units stacked in multiple columns. Each storage unit includes wheels which engage a track for selective movement along the track. Vertical and horizontal actuators are used to move the storage units in sequence. Preferably, the actuators are power-driven, and control circuitry is used to coordinate the movement of the actuators.

Abstract: A police-car vehicle restraint has a pair of lift hooks with lift arms (7) having rigid hooks (5) outwardly from flat spring sections (50) which are attached pivotally to front ends of a chassis of a police car (10) for being pivoted selectively or simultaneously intermediate proximate verticality and horizontality. Swivel pads (22) can be positioned on the rigid hooks.

Abstract: The masts of a front-end loader are releasably attached to vertical plates of a loader mounting frame located at the opposite sides of a tractor by latch hooks pivotally mounted to the masts and engaged with latching elements carried by the vertical plates. An over center biasing arrangement acts on each latch hook and acts to bias the latch hook to a closed position, but moves over center when the latch is manually opened so as to bias the latch to its open position. The pins pivotally coupling the latches to the masts also serve to couple the piston rods of a pair of loader boom lift cylinders to the masts. Extension of the cylinders during detaching the masts from the vertical plates causes the opened latch hooks to be pivoted to the extent that the biasing elements move over center and reset the latches to their closed positions, which positions are conducive for automatically reattaching the mast to the vertical plates.

Abstract: A coupler configured to secure a work tool to a machine is provided. In one embodiment, the coupler comprises a first bore with a first axis configured to receive a first pin, a second bore with a second axis configured to receive a second pin, and an actuator including an actuator rod. The coupler is characterized in that if the first bore receives the first pin, the first pin is configured to pivotally support the coupler to a machine linkage about the first axis and pivotally support the coupler to the work tool about the first axis. Furthermore, if the second bore receives the second pin, the second pin is configured to pivotally support the coupler to a machine boom about the second axis. The coupler is further characterized in that the rod is configured to engage the work tool and, if engaged, the rod intersects the second axis.

Abstract: An article stacking apparatus is provided having a barrel, a frame, a motor, and a drive mechanism. The frame is configured to support the barrel for rotation in a recumbent position. The drive mechanism couples together the frame and the motor to rotate the barrel to agitate cups within the barrel for stacking into accumulated configurations. A method is also provided.

Abstract: A device is used for transporting a horizontal stack from a stack support to an intermediate deposit, where the stack is formed in a gathering device with upright, lined-up signatures. The device is comprised of a horizontally and vertically displaceable clamp arranged above the stack support, wherein the clamp compresses the stack at the ends and transfers a strapped stack from the stack support to an adjacent intermediate deposit.

Abstract: A robotic semiconductor handling system includes two robot arms for transferring substrates between processing, cooling, and storage stations. The first robot arm has a paddle-type end effector adapted such that it can support one substrate at a primary location as well as a second substrate at a secondary staging location. The second robot arm is a Bernoulli-style wand that transfers a substrate from the primary location to the secondary one, and transfers substrates from either location to the process chamber. The use of the dual-location paddle allows for a significant reduction in cycle-time over a single paddle location and a Bernoulli wand system.

Abstract: A series type fan device comprises at least a first fan and at least a second fan coupled to each other. The first fan has a joining side with a receiving part at a fan frame thereof and the second fan has a joining side with a projective fixing part corresponding to the receiving part such that the fixing part can be received in the receiving part to allow the first fan being easily detachably connected to the second fan.

Abstract: A turbojet includes a differential gear with a first planetary pinion driven by the shaft of the high pressure spool and a second planetary pinion driven by the shaft of the low pressure spool. The planetary pinions drive satellite pinions mounted in a cage by which the ancillary machines are driven. The satellite pinions and said cage are co-rotary and the mechanical transmission ratio R1 between the high pressure shaft and the first planetary pinion of the differential gear and the transmission ratio R2 between the low pressure shaft and the second planetary pinion of the differential gear are such that the power extraction distribution between the high pressure spool and the low pressure spool at idle speed is between 80%/20% and 20%/80%. The operation of the high pressure compressor is not affected by the maximum power drawn by the ancillary machines.

Abstract: The gas turbine stationary blade comprises a stationary blade section provided therein with a passage for cooling air, an inner shroud for supporting the stationary blade section on the side of a discharge port of the cooling air, and a plurality of segments each of which includes at least one stationary blade section and at least one inner shroud. A flow passage is pulled out from the discharge port of the cooling air, and the flow passage is introduced to a front edge corner section of the inner shroud and is extended rearward along a side edge of the inner shroud.

Abstract: Axial adjustment apparatus is provided in a centrifugal pump to effect adjustment of the impeller relative to adjacent pump elements. Specifically preferred is adjustment apparatus in a chopper pump that provides adjustment of the impeller relative to a chopper plate to facilitate continuous efficient cutting of solids by the pump. The adjustment apparatus may also include adjustment structure for providing axial adjustment between the impeller and a plate-like member positioned adjacent the drive side of the impeller to effect adjustment of cutting tolerances in cutting elements positioned between the impeller and plate-like member. The invention further includes a seal mechanism configured and positioned to retain the seal height of the seals throughout continuous adjustment of the impeller.

Abstract: A rotor (10) for a thermal machine, in particular a steam or gas turbine, includes a plurality of rotor disks (12, 13, 14) which are arranged one behind the other in the rotor axis (11) and are welded to one another, at least one first rotor disk (13), which is arranged in a section of the rotor (10) which is subject to particularly high thermal loads, including a nickel-base alloy which is able to withstand high temperatures and is welded to at least one second, adjacent rotor disk (12, 14), which includes a steel which is able to withstand high temperatures.

Abstract: A centrifugal blower for a furnace, heat pump, or other type of air handling unit includes a heat-generating blower housing that heats the airflow as the air passes through the blower housing. In some cases, the housing is made of a thermosetting resin impregnated with graphite or co-molded with a graphite cloth. Heat is generated within the housing wall by applying voltage across the housing.

Abstract: A cooling fan comprises a rotor configured to generate airflow. The cooling fan further comprises an outlet guide vane adapted to receive the airflow generated by the rotor and to orient the airflow in a substantially axial direction relative to the rotor. The cooling fan further comprises a diffuser configured to receive the airflow from the outlet guide vane and produce airflow with higher static pressure relative to an inlet of the diffuser. The cooling fan produces a work coefficient greater than 1.6 and a flow coefficient greater than or equal to 0.4.

Abstract: A turbine blade has a shroud, a blade portion and a T-section root portion configured to lock into a T-section channel in a turbine rotor adjacent like blades in a ring. The blade portion is pre-twisted so that mutual alignment of the edges of the root and the shroud portion along the axis of the turbine in the final assembled condition provides a torsional bias which maintains the shroud in frictional contact with its neighbours to resist relative radial movement. The root portions have generally flat-sided surfaces occupying opposed substantially parallel radial planes of the T-section, but have circumferential abutments in the form of lands projecting from each side of the root portion at the same radius. When the circumferential abutments are radially aligned in the final assembled position, angular separation between adjacent blades is greater, by an amount related to the combined thickness of the abutments, than when the abutments are radially staggered.

Abstract: A fan case base, which is for being mounted with a fan wheel having a hub and a plurality of fan blades surrounding the hub, includes a base support, a frame and a plurality of engaging parts. The base support is attached with the fan wheel. The frame is disposed around the periphery of the base support and provides the height thereof less than that of the fan blades. The engaging parts are disposed at the top of the frame for the fan case base being attached to an article and provide the height thereof greater than that of fan blades. The fan case base 2 can provide a best mode of guiding the airflow, enhancing the effect of cushion and shock absorption during the airflow entering the frame 22 and the fan blades 32 of the fan heel 3 not touching the frame 22 even in case of the fan case base 2 being hung vertically.

Abstract: The cooling system for the airfoil includes forward and aft cooling circuits supplied with a cooling medium. Both circuits include serpentine passages. A central rib divides the forward and aft cooling circuits and includes an opening adjacent the airfoil tip providing a jet of the cooling medium from the forward cooling circuit for impingement against the aft portion of the tip cap. The tip cap also includes a thermal barrier coating along an outside surface thereof as well as on the seat for the tip cap, thereby lowering the tip cap metal temperature and thermally induced stress.

Abstract: A method to influence material flow during the injection molding of thermoplastic, polymeric ring type fans such that a major portion of the materials flowing in opposite directions preferably flow past one another, or collide at an angle relative to one another, rather than colliding at an 180 degree angle relative to each other to form weld lines. This flow bypassing results in better material mixing or integrating than merely allowing flow fronts to collide and cool. In one embodiment, a portion of the fan's ring is thickened in the weld line area to minimize the amount of material colliding at a 180-degree angle relative to each. Alternatively, at least one appendage could be added to the ring fan that will influence the material flow during molding conditions. Each appendage will be removed prior to introducing the ring fan to a cooling system.

Abstract: The invention is a fan for an alternator adapted to be coupled in rotation to the alternator rotor, and being of the type comprising a wheel part and a plurality of fan blades (47, 48) extending from the latter, the fan being moulded in a plastics material on an insert (50) which is preferably of metal and which constitutes the wheel part of the fan and is arranged to provide fastening of the fan on the rotor, being configured so as to constitute a means for increasing the mechanical strenght of the fan; the insert (50, 65) includes at least a portion of a blade (48, 69) of the fan. The invention is useful in the manufacture of a high power cooling fan for a motor vehicle alternator.

Abstract: A rod pump control system includes a parameter estimator that determines from motor data parameters relating to operation of the rod pump and/or downhole dynamometer card without the need for external instrumentation, such as down hole sensors, rod load sensors, flow sensors, acoustic fluid level sensors, etc. In one embodiment, instantaneous motor current and voltage together with pump parameters are used in determining rod position and load. The rod position and load are used to control the operation of the rod pump to optimize the operation of the pump. Also disclosed in a pump stroke amplifier that is capable of increasing pump stroke without changing the overall pumping speed, or in the alternative, maintaining the well output with decreased overall pumping speed.

Abstract: A reciprocating electromagnetic pump comprising a coil wound about a bipolar or tripolar core, a diaphragm structure mechanically coupled to at least one arm with a magnet attached to one end of the arm and a controller electronically connected to the coil. The controller comprises a pulse generator, a solid state switch that interrupts current flow through the pump electromagnet and additional electronic circuitry for signal processing. The arm is vibrated under the influence of a periodic electromagnetic field to produce the flow of gas. The flow of current through the electromagnet is interrupted so that the magnets are impelled during either a vacuum or a pressure stroke, but are not impelled during the reciprocal stroke. A signal produced in the electromagnet coil during the reciprocal is processed to provide feedback to control the pump drive frequency and phase to match the pump mechanical self-resonant frequency and phase under varying pumping loads.

Abstract: An axial flow pump comprising a inner wall disposed in contact with the inside of a stator having winding, a rotor disposed inside the inner wall and adapted to be rotated upon energization of the winding, an axial flow blade formed on an outer periphery of the rotor spirally in a rotational axis direction of the rotor, and a flow path formed between the rotor and the inner wall and defined spirally in the rotational axis direction of the rotor by the axial flow blade. The inner wall is formed of non-magnetic metal and heat generated from the winding upon energization of the winding is transmitted through the inner wall to fluid flowing through the flow path, thereby enhancing the utilization rate of heat generated in the axial flow pump.

Abstract: A pressure exchanger system having at least two tubular chambers, in which a plurality of reversing valves reverse the flow paths of fluid flows through the at least two tubular chambers. At least one driven reversing valve alternately reverses the flow paths between a supply source, which supplies a high-energy high-pressure fluid, and the tubular chambers. In reversing the liquid flows and shutting off previously open flow paths, the driven reversing element in the reversing valve executes a discontinuous or variable movement sequence.

Abstract: An air driven hydraulic pump includes two opposed cylinders to either side of a center section. Two pneumatic pistons are slidable in the opposed cylinders and are coupled with one another by a common shaft extending through the center section. The pneumatic pistons ride in the opposed pneumatic cylinders and include hydraulic plungers extending therefrom. Cylinder heads integral with the cylinders provide hydraulic cylinders aligned with the hydraulic plungers. An air valve delivers pneumatic pressure to alternate sides of both pneumatic pistons such that the forces on the pistons are additive alternately in each direction.

Abstract: A pump unit for a hydraulic vehicle brake system with traction control has an electric motor driving a radial piston pump. A rotor shaft of the pump unit has a hollow shaft with two standardized, hardened cylindrical pins that are press-fitted into the ends of the hollow shaft. The rotor shaft can be produced simply, economically, and without metal-cutting machining. The hollow shaft has high bending and torsional strength. The rotor shaft has a small diameter at the bearing points, which makes a small bearing diameter and thus a small installation space for the pump unit possible.

Abstract: A peristaltic pump 10 for use in ophthalmic surgery includes a housing 12, a pump head 14 having plurality of rollers 16, a backing plate 18 attached to the housing 12, and a length of surgical tubing 50. The rollers 16 and backing plate 18 cooperate to pinch the length of surgical tubing 50 to peristaltically pump fluids from a surgical site to a collection bag 64. At least one of the pump head 14 and the backing plate 18 is moveable, during operation of the pump 10, from a tubing pinched position to a tubing vent position. This movement allows the tubing 50 to be vented by removing the pinched closure of the tubing 50.

Abstract: A device for guiding a movable scroll of a scroll compressor. The device includes a track that guides the movable scroll and supports the radial inertial forces to prevent excessive and potentially harmful contact forces between the fixed scroll and the movable scroll. Hence, the radial inertial forces are supported by the guide track so that the scrolls are not overloaded and there is no risk that the crankshaft will bend.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for producing nonwoven fibrous webs. The apparatus comprises an extrusion die, first and second fluid supplies in cooperation with the die, first and second extrusion capillaries, first counterbores allowing fluid communication between first capillaries and first supply and second counterbores allowing fluid communication between second capillaries and second supply, each first counterbore having at least two first capillaries extending therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for discharge or outfeed of a pasty product, preferably foodstuff, from a container. A piston means (11) is brought to perform a discharge movement in a discharge direction (F) for discharge or outfeed of the product (2) from the container (3). At least one retraction or withdrawal means (24) is provided for imparting to the piston means (11) a retraction movement in a retraction direction (R) opposite to the discharge direction (F), such that the pressure from the piston means (11) against the container (3) is relieved for accomplishing non-drop operation, after discharge. At least one stroke setting or stroke determining means (30) is provided for determining the stroke of the piston means (11) and thereby, the dose volume during each discharge or outfeed of product (2) from the container (3).

Abstract: A system for producing cables includes an extrusion apparatus with at least one extruder and a head for receiving at least one line of the cable. An induction heating apparatus is disposed downstream of the extrusion apparatus. Downstream of the head and the induction heating apparatus is a suspended vulcanization tube that extends horizontally and forms a catenary curve. The vocalization tube includes a movable and an immobile telescoping tube wherein the mobile tube is adjacent to the head and enables access to the head. The induction heating apparatus downstream of the head is installed in the movable tube or is securely attached to the movable tube, and together with the movable tube is movable. The movable tube and the interiorly installed or exteriorly attached induction heating apparatus is insertable into the immobile tube or is slidable over the immobile tube.

Abstract: An apparatus for formation of a three dimensional object comprising a sealed container; an electron beam subsystem capable of directing energy within said container; a positioning subsystem contained within said container; a wire feed subsystem contained within said container; an instrumentation subsystem electronically connected to said electron beam subsystem, positioning subsystem, and wire feed subsystem; and a power distribution subsystem electrically connected to said electron beam subsystem, positioning subsystem, wire feed subsystem, and said instrumentation subsystem.

Abstract: A substrate imprint tool is provided with a light transparent base and a light blocking distal end that is coupled to the light transparent base.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the enzymatic cleavage of racemates of aminomethyl-aryl-cyclohexanol derivatives.