Abstract: In a de-emphasis circuit designing method for minimizing the number of peripheral components of a video signal processing integrated circuit (IC), a circuit device for determining the level of a reproduced video signal of the de-emphasis circuit is included in the video signal processing IC. The number of components is reduced by designing all circuit elements of the circuit device for determining the level of the reproduced video signal of the de-emphasis circuit so that they are incorporated into the video signal processing IC at the time of design of the video signal processing IC, thereby reducing cost and reducing any deviation in the playback (PB) level due to external component deviation.

Abstract: The systems and methods of this invention use an index and digital audio and/or video recordings of an activity to provide access to recently recorded material. For example, users initiate audio and/or video recordings. An index, e.g., an agenda, outlines the structure of the to be recorded event. The user selects an index item as an activity that corresponds to an index item is recorded. The recordings are then associated with the index. The user can then randomly access the recordings for playback, editing or further recording. The systems and methods of this invention additionally provide the means for correlating events and the corresponding index items with the recordings.

Abstract: Techniques to effectuate splicing at sub-picture level. In one aspect, splicing is effectuated via an interrupt generated after each splice has occurred. The interrupt may be generated by either the hardware designated to perform splicing or other peripheral hardware. The interrupt may be provided to a controller, which then performs the necessary processing to effectuate the next splice (e.g., load a new PID value for the next splice into the hardware register). The interrupts required for splicing may be generated in various manners, and typically depends on the specific design of the splicing and/or peripheral hardware. In one simple design, the splicing hardware generates an interrupt after each splice. Other mechanisms may also be used to generate the interrupt. For example, (e.g., scrambled audio) packets may be inserted into a transport stream and used to cause the hardware to generate an interrupt each time the packet is detected.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for switching between a live video decoding and a recorded playback in a digital video and recording system. A received video data stream is transmitted to a first-in first-out video decoder buffer without first looping the video data stream through a playback buffer. The video data stream is transmitted from the video decoder buffer to a video decoder. If a “pause” command is received, the video data stream is transmitted to a first-in first-out playback buffer, while continuing to transmit the video data stream to the video decoder buffer. Transmission of the video data stream to the video decoder buffer is halted when the video decoder buffer fills up. The last byte of the video data stream that was transmitted to the video decoder buffer is marked. If a “play” command is received, the video data stored in the video decoder buffer is transmitted to the video decoder.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method (200) or (300) and system (100) for performing a trick mode on a video signal containing a plurality of progressively scanned original pictures. The method (200) includes the steps of: selectively repeating (214) at least one of the original pictures to convert the video signal to a trick mode video signal in response to a trick mode command; and the step of selectively inserting (216) at least one dummy predictive picture in the trick mode video signal. In addition, the method (300) can include the step of monitoring (316) the trick mode video signal so that the dummy predictive picture is selectively inserted when the bit rate exceeds a predetermined threshold. Certain pictures in the trick mode video signal can also be modified (220) (328) to reflect an intended display order.

Abstract: An equalizing circuit is provided for a playback apparatus not requiring tracking control. A playback signal is supplied to a plurality of unit delay devices which are connected in series, and the signals at the input ends and the output ends are supplied to weighting devices, respectively. Furthermore, the playback signal is supplied to a computation circuit, whereby weighting coefficients are determined. Weighting is performed on the signals from unit delay devices, and these signals are added together by an adder so that the equalization of the playback signal is performed, and the signal is extracted from an output terminal. Simultaneously, in the computation circuit, when the envelope value of the playback signal is within a range the phase lock for the playback signal is used so that the calculation of the weighting coefficients is done, and the coefficients of the weighting devices are changed.

Abstract: A digital signal recording and reproducing method and apparatus using first, second, third, and fourth information as information to protect a copyright, the first and second information are added to the digital signal, the third information is inputted from the digital interface together with the digital signal, a value of the fourth information is decided from a combination of the first to third information, and the fourth information is recorded onto the recording medium. The first information is information to control a copy restriction of the digital signal, the second information is information to perform a control about whether the signal is protected against the illegal use or not, the third information is information to indicate whether the signal has been encrypted or not, and the fourth information is information to control the copy restriction of the digital signal recorded on the recording medium.

Abstract: A data storage medium having stored thereon includes an audio sequence including at least one audio stream; at least one video stream; and reproduction control information for controlling reproduction of the at least one audio stream and the at least one video stream. The reproduction control information includes reproduction order information defining the order of at least one video stream, among the at least one video stream stored on the data storage medium, which is to be reproduced in synchronization with the audio sequence.

Abstract: In a digital VTR having a certain recording bit rate, within a range not higher than a remaining data rate after recording the bit stream, first HP data D1 is recorded in first specific regions, and second HP data D2 is recorded in second specific regions in specific tracks. In middle-speed and high-speed fast replay, the magnetic tape is transported continuously at a middle-speed or high-speed higher than the standard speed for normal replay, and the first HP data D1 is used in common, and at a low-speed fast replay of about twice the normal speed, the speed of the magnetic tape is alternated between a speed near the standard speed for normal replay, and a speed near the low-speed fast, and at the speed near the standard speed, the second HP data disposed in the second specific regions in the specific tracks and the first HP data disposed in the first specific regions in the specific tracks are both replayed.

Abstract: A delay detector detects a reproduction delay for a video signal based on a delay notification communicated from a manager to manage the reproduction delay using a state variable. A controller conducts delay recovery control by forcing an image quality improving unit to omit filtering based on the state variable or switching the type of filtering to a simpler one, while avoiding the need to omit decoding of a frame (i.e., frame skipping). This results in a reduction in a load on a processor and recovery of the reproduction delay.

Abstract: A disk-shaped recording medium recording/reproducing method for performing a data recording operation and a data reproducing operation to the disk-shaped recording medium alternately includes identifying whether a recording area at an ending point of an n-th recording operation on the disk-shaped recording medium, where n is a natural number, is continuous to a recording area at a starting point of (n+1) recording operation. In response to an identifying result indicative of discontinuation of the recording area in the identifying step, the rotational speed of the disk-shaped recording medium is changed to a rotational speed at the starting point of the (n+1)th recording operation, during a reproducing operation between the n-th recording operation and the (n+1)th recording operation.

Abstract: A control system for a powered wheel chair drive modulates a pulse power delivery signal such that power is delivered gradually at throttle positions corresponding to a low speed, and power is delivered more rapidly at throttle positions corresponding to a higher speed.

Abstract: A system is provided for reflex-free coaxial illumination that includes an objective lens group having an optical axis. An illumination source is axially disposed from the objective lens. The illumination source provides at least one light beam. The light beam is directed across the optical axis through a peripheral section of the objective lens. The light beam form a continuous field of illumination at a subject. A reflex mask is disposed behind the illumination source.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an optical apparatus is provided that comprises a recording medium, a distance-detecting sensor, an illustrated-guide selector, and an image-indicating device. The recording medium stores illustrated-guide data for a plurality of illustrated guides. The distance-detecting sensor detects distance information relating to an observation target. The illustrated-guide selector selects one illustrated guide from the plurality of illustrated guides, in accordance with the distance information. The image-indicating device displays information of the illustrated-guide data.

Abstract: A method and system for providing tandem protection in a communication system. Path protection is provided using at least two redundant communication paths and selecting the communication path having a higher signal quality. Interface protection is provided through a protection transceiver. The interface protection may be delayed while the path protection attempts to restore communication.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a plurality of signals having different wavelengths through a length of optical cable which is caused to provide distributed gain by being subjected to Raman pumping at a plurality of pump wavelengths, the power levels of the pump signals being in a set ratio or ratios for providing, preferably, a flat gain profile over the range of wavelengths of the plurality of signals, the set power levels of the pump signals being determined from the measured effects of the pump signals on a probe signal and in relation to the wavelength separations among the probe signal, the pump signals and the plurality of signals having different wavelengths.

Abstract: This invention provides a technique for realizing low-cost optical signal waveform monitoring with improved realtimeness to be applied to signal quality monitoring in an actual optical transmission system, and a technique for stably controlling an optical transmitter/receiver and various compensators by means of this waveform monitoring. Opening/closing of a optical gate is controlled by means of a clock signal synchronized with an optical signal input from a photocoupler and having a period equal to the bit interval of data or N (N: a positive integer) times longer than the bit interval to allow each pulse of the optical signal for one bit of data to pass through the optical gate for only part of the time width of the gate. A photoelectric conversion element to which the optical signal transmitted through the optical gate for only part of the time width obtains an average light intensity of the input optical signal. Information on this average light intensity is output to a monitoring output section.

Abstract: Systems and methods for regulating optical power are described. A system for regulating optical power includes a laser driver circuit that receives an enable/disable signal and a data modulator input. The enable/disable signal regulates asynchronous mode operation. The system also includes a laser module including a laser diode emitter and a photodiode detector. The laser module is coupled to the laser driver circuit and receives a laser bias current from the laser driver circuit. The system also includes a switch coupled to the photodiode to receive a signal from the photodiode detector. The system also includes an automatic power control (APC) feedback circuit that receives a signal from the switch and provides a laser bias current feedback signal to the laser driver circuit to compensate for power output changes in the laser diode emitter over time.

Abstract: A method and system for performing OTDM. Laser wavelength tuning is used to create appropriate time differentials between bits in a combined optical output data stream.

Abstract: A method capable of optical packet switching even in a case where physical optical data in an optical packet switch has not the shape of a packet but the shape of continuous data, and a system therefore are provided. The optical switching method includes the steps of (a) detecting input terminals into which an optical packet is input, of an optical switch and switching the optical packet to destination output terminals of the optical packet, and (b) when there are the input terminals into which the optical packet is not inputted in step (a), detecting other input terminals into which the optical packet, which direct an output terminal among the plurality of output terminals connected to the input terminals, is inputted, and searching a blank output terminal and switching dummy data from the input terminal to the blank output terminal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bi-directional wavelength division multiplexing self-healing passive optical network including: a central office for multiplexing and transmitting downstream optical signals to a first and a second main fiber; a remote node connected to the central office through the first and the second main fiber, for transmitting multiple pairs of the downstream optical signals, which are obtained by demultiplexing one inputted pair of the multiplexed downstream optical signals according to wavelengths, to corresponding pairs of distribution fibers; and a plurality of optical network units connected to the remote node through the multiple pairs of distribution fibers, each of the optical network units being selectively connected to one corresponding pair of the distribution fibers, for receiving a corresponding downstream optical signal from the selected distribution fiber.

Abstract: An optical signal encoder/decoder includes a grating waveguide having an identical number of uniform pitch gratings to the number of code chips of a binary phase optical code, the uniform pitch gratings being formed in a waveguide direction to reflect light of a predetermined wavelength. Here, adjacent gratings corresponding to a position at which the optical code value changes are disposed a spacing apart from each other to give a phase shift of (2m+1)?/2 to the light, and the remaining adjacent gratings are disposed a spacing apart from each other to give a phase shift of n? to the light (m, n: integer).

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus using a multiple lambda source in WDM network, which has an improved structure to minimize costs and efforts and reduce time delay that may be incurred through wavelength shift. The transmitting apparatus comprises: a multiple lambda source providing a signal with multiple wavelengths, which carries no information; a first optical circulator for transferring the signal with multiple wavelengths carrying no information, which has been transmitted from the multiple lambda sources, to multiplexer/demultiplexer, the first optical circulator transferring a multiplexed signal from the multiplexer/demultiplexer. The multiplexer/demultiplexer demultiplexes the multiple wavelength optical signal from the first optical circulator and for multiplexing optical signals of each wavelength on which information is loaded.

Abstract: An all-optical time division multiplexing system, comprising: first divider having first input and a first plurality of outputs for receiving input signals at the first input and directing the input signals to each of the outputs of the first plurality of outputs, the input signals arranged within periodic time slots; second divider having second input and a second plurality of outputs for receiving clock signals at the second input and directing the clock signals to each of the outputs of the second plurality of outputs, and a third plurality of AND gates each having third and fourth inputs and fifth output for receiving the input signals at the third input from one of the outputs of the first plurality of outputs and receiving the clock signals at the fourth input from one of the outputs of the second plurality of outputs, and the clock signals and the input signals coincide in the third and fourth inputs of the AND gates of the third plurality of AND gates in a consecutive order to produce at the fifth

Abstract: This disclosure is concerned with optoelectronic modules. In one example, an optoelectronic transceiver includes a data transmit line coupled to an optical source, and a data receive line coupled to an optical detector. In addition, a serial bus is provided that is distinct from both the data transmit line and the data receive line. A microprocessor is coupled to the serial bus and corresponds to a serial address. Finally, an optical driver of the optoelectronic transceiver is coupled to the optical source, and the microprocessor provides a control signal for adjusting a swing amplitude of the optical driver in accordance with one or more commands received by the microprocessor via the serial communication bus.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a set of frequency-resolved states of polarization (SOP) of an optical signal includes a local oscillator (LO), a polarization scrambler, a coupler for mixing the polarization-scrambled signal with the optical signal to produce a heterodyned signal with a radio frequency (RF) component, and an analyzer for passing a fixed polarization component and resolving the polarization and frequency from the RF component. The apparatus is used for measuring, monitoring or compensating the polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in a working channel of an optical telecommunication system. A method for measuring frequency-resolved SOP of an optical signal includes tuning and polarization-scrambling a local oscillator (LO), mixing the scrambled LO with the optical signal, and resolving the RF signal in frequency and polarization. The method is applied to measure and monitor PMD in a working optical channel, and to dynamically compensate for the PMD.

Abstract: A transmission system is provided that recognizes occurrence of a fault efficiently so that the workability and quality of service can be improved. An optical amplifier part amplifies an optical main signal. A fault occurrence recognizing part detects a pump light used for an opposing device via an optical fiber transmission line to which an optical main signal is sent by the repeater. If the pump light is not detected, the fault occurrence recognizing part recognizes occurrence of a fault. A light cutoff control part stops the optical amplifying part outputting an amplified signal so that the light cutoff control in only one of two directions is performed when a fault occurs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding optical power and non-payload data in an optical signal is described. The method involves producing a dither modulating signal having an amplitude of indicative of the optical power in the optical signal and having a phase representing the non-payload data, and modulating the optical signal with the dither modulating signal. The apparatus involves a waveform generator for producing an amplitude adjusted waveform having an amplitude responsive to the optical power of the optical signal and a binary phase shift keying modulator for binary phase shift keying the amplitude adjusted waveform in response to the non-payload data to produce a dither modulating signal having an amplitude indicative of the optical power in the optical signal and having a phase representing the non-payload data.

Abstract: With an image forming device, with respect to a set image density S (default mode), the modes of: increasing or decreasing the variation amount (slope) of the set image density in accordance with a usage amount of a developing device (m1, m2); increasing or decreasing the limit value (m1, m2); changing the initial value (usage amount=0); not changing the setting in accordance with the usage amount (m4); and changing, for example, the initial value but not changing the setting in accordance with the usage amount (m5); etc., are provided as operation modes that differ from an operation mode accommodating a genuine product and are enabled to be selected by a user when a toner cartridge containing a toner that is a product other than a genuine product is mounted.

Abstract: A device and method of forming an image. The image forming apparatus transfers a toner image formed on an image carrier onto a recording medium and fixes, at a predetermined fixing temperature, a toner image transferred onto the recording medium. After a toner image has been transferred and fixed on one side surface of the recording medium, a toner image is transferred and fixed on the other side surface of the recording medium. A fixing temperature for fixing a toner image on one side surface of the recording medium is 100° C. or lower and a transfer condition for transferring a toner image on one side surface of the recording medium is the same as a transfer condition for transferring a toner image on the other side surface of the recording medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable latent image bearing member; a charging device contacting with the latent image bearing member and being provided with a voltage applied thereto for charging the latent image bearing member; a cleaning device contacting with the latent image bearing member for cleaning the latent image bearing member; and a transfer device contacting with the latent image bearing member and being provided with a transfer voltage for transferring, to a transfer medium, an image developed with a developer in an image forming area. The charging device, when in contact with an area constituting an image forming area of the latent image bearing member, is provided with an AC voltage for charging a non-image forming area having a peak-to-peak voltage larger than a peak-to-peak voltage of a charging AC voltage applied to the charging device for charging an area constituting the image forming area.

Abstract: A process cartridge is detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The main assembly includes an output contact movable between electrical connecting and retracting positions, a displaceable member for moving the output contact, and an elastic member for elastically urging the displaceable member to urge the output contact toward the retracted position. The process cartridge includes a drum, a process device actable on the drum, an operating member, a movable operation member operable by the operating member, after mounting the cartridge to the main assembly, to move the displaceable member, in interrelation with which the output contact is moved from the retracted to the electrical connection position against an elastic force of the elastic member, and an input electrical contact for receiving a voltage enabling the process device by engagement with the output contact moved to the electrical connecting position.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing contamination of an image transfer surface in an image transfer device includes a charging device for charging the image transfer surface. An airflow control system ventilates the charging device and restricts airflow adjacent the image transfer surface.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming apparatus prevents deformation of a pressing roller and to improves printing quality. The electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes a case and a developing unit removably installed in the case. The developing unit includes a housing and toner contained in the housing. A fixing unit fixes a toner image formed by transferring toner to paper received from the developing unit. The fixing unit includes a heating device that heats the paper on which the toner image is formed and a pressing roller that presses the toner image on the paper. A lever is pivotally fixed between the developing unit and the fixing unit. A first end portion of the lever supports the developing unit and a second end portion presses the pressing roller toward the heating device when the developing unit is installed in the case.

Abstract: A chamber (2A) adapted to dismountably mount respective units (10) and (10) is formed in a main body (2). Guiding members (37, 38, 39) are formed on each of the opposite side walls of the chamber, and guided portions (11A, 11B, 24A, 24B) formed on opposite sides of the respective units (10, 20) are engaged with the guiding members so that they are guided to the mounting position. Near the initial portions (37A, 38A, 39A) of the respective guiding members (37, 38, 39) in the main body (2), an indicating member (41) including indicators (41a, 41b, 41c) which indicates initial positions of the respective guiding member (37, 38, 39). Consequently, the initial positions of the guided members (11A, 11B, 24A, 24B) of the respective units (10, 20) can be visually confirmed by the indicators (41a, 41b, 41c,) which improves the operability of insertion of the respective units (10, 20).

Abstract: A developing unit is detachably mounted on a photosensitive unit to form a combined unit called a process unit. In use, the process unit is loaded into an electrophotographic image forming device. A rotational shaft of the photosensitive drum projects out from a photosensitive unit. When the process unit is loaded into the image forming device from a top open space, both ends of the rotational shaft are engaged with a pair of guides formed in side walls of the image forming device and guided down along the guides. The process unit is accommodated in an accommodating section when both ends of the rotational shaft have been brought into abutment with stops at the ends of the guides and a trailing end of the process unit is rotated downward about the rotational shaft.

Abstract: Disclosed are a sludge prevention apparatus of a tube member and an image forming apparatus provided with such a sludge prevention apparatus. The sludge prevention apparatus comprises a sludge stirring member located in a tube member to be movable, so that the sludge stirring member stirs the developer sludge deposited or as being deposited in the tube member, the liquid developer being discharged from or flowing into a developer storage chamber through the tube member; and an operating member installed in the developer storage chamber to correspond to the sludge stirring member in such a manner that the operating member operates the sludge stirring member to stir the developer sludge. The sludge prevention apparatus and the image forming apparatus with the same can prevent the tube member from being blocked by the developer sludge deposited in the tube member.

Abstract: A developing device for developing an electrostatic image formed on an image carrier, includes a liquid developing agent, wherein toner particles are dispersed in a liquid solvent, and wherein a viscosity of the liquid developing agent is in a range 100 mPa·s to 1000 mPa·s, inclusive, a developing container for containing the liquid developing agent, a developing agent carrier for carrying the liquid developing agent within the developing container to the image carrier, wherein the developing agent carrier is disposed so as to form a gap between the developing agent carrier and the image carrier; and a developing bias voltage power supply for applying a developing bias voltage, which superimposes a DC voltage component and an AC voltage component to the developing agent carrier, wherein a peak voltage of the AC voltage component is in a range of 0.5 kV to 2 kV, inclusive, and a frequency of the AC voltage component is in a range of 10 kHz to 12 kHz, inclusive.

Abstract: A toner supply device includes a stopping member which moves into the toner supply port by interlocking with opening and closing of a shutter plate for opening and closing the toner supply port, and a scraper for scraping toner supplied from a toner container is pressed by the stopping member, thereby sliding in contact along the recessed portion of the toner container, thus restricting the rotation of the toner container. This restricts the rotation of the developer supply device due to user's operating error, preventing developer from spilling out from the developer supply port.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner container, an image development mechanism, and a toner container holder. The toner container has a longitudinal length with first and second longitudinal ends, is driven for rotation to move the toner. The image development mechanism develops an electrostatic latent image into a toner image. The toner container holder includes a base plate onto which the toner container is inserted in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the toner container. The toner container holder further includes first and second supporters. The first and second supporters are mounted in traversal edge sides of the base plate and support the first and second longitudinal ends of the toner container, respectively.

Abstract: A developer supply container supplies a developer to a process cartridge detachably mounted to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The process cartridge contains an electrophotographic photosensitive drum and a charging member for charging the drum. The developer supply container includes a developer accommodating portion, a developer supply opening for supplying the developer accommodated in the developer accommodating portion to the cartridge, a container closing member for opening and closing the developer supply opening, a first container guide guidable by an apparatus main assembly guide, a second container guide guidable by the main assembly guide, a container force receiving portion for receiving a force for opening the supply opening by movement of the closing member by engagement with a cartridge engaging portion provided in the cartridge, and a first container positioning portion engageable with a first main assembly positioning portion.

Abstract: A toner cartridge includes a waste bin and hopper designed with a rigid agitator assembly. A non-yieldable agitator is mounted on a shaft whereby the rotation of the shaft results in the synchronous rotation of the agitator. As the shaft rotates, the agitator enters into, through, and out of engagement with the toner within said toner chamber.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention disclosed is of the type sequentially transferring toner images from a plurality of photoconductive drums to a sheet being conveyed by an image transfer belt or an intermediate image transfer belt one above the other with bias applying members to thereby form a composite color image. Backup rollers, contacting the inside surface of the belt, each have volumetric resistivity of 109 ?·cm or above and ten-point mean surface roughness Rz of 6 ?m or above.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the invention at least includes: a transport control component for controlling a transporting component so that transporting of the continuous paper is stopped when a print job is finished, the continuous paper is back-transported to an image formation start position of the next print job, and after that, the continuous paper is transported again; and a control component that, when a print job is executed in the case where a pattern image exists in a back-transported area which is set after the continuous paper is back-transported, controls the image formation controlling component so as not to correct the image formation position.

Abstract: In a broadband communications system, e.g., a cable system, programming content can be readily reserved and accessed for viewing using an interactive program guide, a network home graphic user interface (GUI), Quick View Guide, etc., in accordance with the invention. Such programming content may include in-progress programs, future programs and previously broadcast programs which are recorded at a headend in the cable system, and which may or may not have overlapping broadcast times. In addition, the user may reserve programs at a set-top terminal, and may also do so remotely from the terminal through a communications network such as, the Internet, a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a wireless telephone network, etc.

Abstract: A hybrid satellite communications system provides communications, particularly Internet access, to computer users. The hybrid satellite communications system includes a satellite system and a terrestrial communications system. The satellite system includes two transceivers. The first transceiver receives and transmits a first set of signals received from the terrestrial communications system to a plurality of user units. In reverse fashion, the satellite systems second transceiver receives a second set of signals in a second frequency band from the user units and transmits those signals back to the terrestrial communications system. The first set of signals (downlink signals) are of much higher frequency than the second set of signals (uplink signals). Preferably, the first set of signals are relayed by a Direct Broadcast System (DBS) satellite in a frequency band between 12.2 GHz and 12.9 GHz, while the second set of signals are relayed by a Mobile Satellite System (MSS) satellite operating between 1.

Abstract: In a service area of base station 101 is provided at least one relay station 102 that executes processing for non real time data repeat request from communication terminal 103 as a substitute for base station 101, thereby removing the processing for non real time data repeat from base station 101. Thus, processing loads on base station 101 are reduced and the transmission efficiency is improved over the entire system, whereby it is possible to increase the number of communication terminals that base station 101 handles.

Abstract: An information transmission system is formed by a first transmission assembly and second transmission assembly. A telecommunications device is provided to have access to these two assemblies of the time-division type to produce information pulses at times that differ from each other. Thus, double traffic is obtained simultaneously.

Abstract: A BLUETOOTH device is provided wherein the output RF transmission power level during pairing is purposefully reduced from otherwise conventional or normal communication levels to a low power level, greatly reducing the range of possible interception. Security can be improved even more by further reducing the transmit power even below that defined for a class 2 radio to an extremely low power level. After the link keys have been passed and/or other pairing processes, the BLUETOOTH devices may safely return to normal power levels to continue communications. In an alternative embodiment, a BLUETOOTH device may be required to transmit data keys (e.g., a link key) and/or other pairing operations over a temporary wired connection (or temporary line-of-sight or near line-of-sight connection such as infrared) to another BLUETOOTH device.

Abstract: A method for wireless communication, and more particularly, a method for reducing the number of temporal connections in Bluetooth devices when obtaining neighboring Bluetooth device names is provided. The method for reducing temporal connections in Bluetooth devices comprises determining whether other Bluetooth devices are present, obtaining a name by temporally connecting to a Bluetooth device whose presence has been determined and determining whether other Bluetooth devices are present after a predetermined time has passed, and then obtaining a changed name through a temporal connection only to other Bluetooth device whose name has been changed. According to the above method, blocking temporal connections to Bluetooth devices whose name has not changed according to changes in the UNDEF field of FHS packets enables a reduction in the frequency of temporal connections.