Abstract: A power tool has a housing having a drive portion for turning a fastener to tighten or loosen the fastener, the drive portion having two opposite sides spaced from one another in one direction and two connecting element spaced from one another in another direction which is transverse to the one direction, the connecting elements including a first connecting element to connect with a fastener to be turned and a second connecting element to connect with an adjacent fastener so as to stop the power tool from turning around the fastener to be turned, so that during tightening of the first mentioned fastener said first connecting element engages said first mentioned fastener on one of the sides of the drive portion while the second connecting element engages the adjacent fastener also on the one side of the drive portion, and during tightening of the adjacent fastener the first connecting element engages the adjacent fastener on the other side of the drive portion while the second connecting element engage the fir

Abstract: A tool comprising a handle having a first end and a second end and further comprising a ratchet tool at the first handle end and a breakover tool at the second handle end. Also a ratchet breakover tool comprising a tool handle approximately 5 inches to 21 inches in length having a first end and a second end, a reversible ratchet tool attached to the first handle end and comprising a socket pin with a diameter of ¼ inch to ¾ inch and a socket wrench detent; and a breakover tool attached to the second handle end and comprising a socket pin pivotally attached to the breakover tool head and with a diameter of ¼ inch to ¾ inch and a socket wrench detent.

Abstract: The ratchet wrench has a body, a drive ring, two pawls, two resilient arms, a retaining ring and a split ring. The body has a handle and a box end with a ratchet hole and multiple ratchet teeth formed around and protruding into the ratchet hole. The drive ring and pawls are mounted rotatably in the ratchet hole, and the resilient arms connect the pawls to the drive ring and press the pawls against the ratchet teeth. The retaining ring is mounted around the drive ring and holds the retaining ring in the ratchet hole. The split ring connects the retaining ring to the drive ring.

Abstract: A wrench assembly with increased torque capacity. The wrench assembly includes an open end wrench and a support member. The support member prevents flexing of the wrench's jaws when the wrench is under torque.

Abstract: A screwdriver handle includes a first handle part and a second handle part. An axle is formed on an end face of the first handle part and includes two receptacles each receiving a positioning member. The second handle part includes an end face pivotally connected to the end face of the first handle part and having a groove for receiving the axle. A positioning hole extends from a wall defining the groove through an outer periphery of the second handle part. One of the positioning members is biased into a retaining section of the positioning hole to position the second handle part. A control member is mounted in the positioning hole and movable to urge the positioning member in the receptacle aligned with the positioning hole into the receptacle, allowing the screwdriver handle to be switchable between an in-line state and an angled state.

Abstract: A screwdriver handle includes a first handle part and a second handle part. A first pivotal coupling portion is formed on an end face of the first handle part and includes two receptacles each receiving a positioning member. The second handle part includes an end face with a second pivotal coupling portion pivotally engaged with the first pivotal coupling portion. A positioning hole extends from a wall of the second pivotal coupling portion. One of the positioning members is biased into a retaining section of the positioning hole to position the second handle part. A control member is mounted in the positioning hole and movable to urge the positioning member in the receptacle aligned with the positioning hole into the receptacle, allowing the screwdriver handle to be switchable between an in-line state and an angled-state.

Abstract: A tool connecting device includes a shaft having a non-circular socket opening for receiving a non-circular rotatable member of a tool member to allow the tool member to be selectively tilted relative to the shaft to different angular position. A protrusion is extended from the tool member for engaging with the shaft to anchor the rotatable member to the shaft and to prevent the tool member from being tilted relative to the shaft. A control ferrule may be slidably engaged onto the shaft to selectively retain the tool member in line with the shaft and to prevent the tool member from being tilted relative to the shaft, or to allow the tool member to be slanted and tilted relative to the shaft to different angular position.

Abstract: A cutting tool assembly having a tool post capable of lateral movement along a work piece to be cut and an actuator with a tool tip. The actuator provides for variable control of the movement of the tool tip in an x-direction into the work piece at two simultaneously independent speeds for use in making microstructures in the work piece.

Abstract: A cutting tool assembly having a tool post capable of lateral movement along a work piece to be cut and an actuator with a tool tip. The actuator provides for variable control of a rotation of the tool tip about an axis parallel to a y-direction transversely across the work piece for use in making microstructures in the work piece.

Abstract: A cutting tool assembly having a tool post capable of lateral movement along a work piece to be cut and an actuator with a tool tip. The actuator provides for variable control of the movement of the tool tip in a z-direction laterally along the work piece, while maintaining the tool tip at a substantially constant position in an x-direction into the work piece, for use in making microstructures in the work piece.

Abstract: A cutting tool assembly having a tool post capable of lateral movement along a work piece to be cut and an actuator with a tool tip. The actuator provides for independent and variable control of the movement of the tool tip in an x-direction into the work piece and in a z-direction laterally along the work piece for use in making microstructures in the work piece.

Abstract: A method of machining a workpiece including the steps of providing a workpiece; providing a ceramic cutting insert having a rake surface and a flank surface wherein the rake surface and the flank surface intersect to form a cutting edge and the ceramic cutting insert having a substrate that comprises between about 15 volume percent and about 35 volume percent of a boron carbide phase and at least about 50 volume percent alumina and has a fracture toughness (KIC, 18.5 Kg Load E&C) greater than or equal to about 4.5 MPa·m0.5; causing relative rotational movement between the workpiece and the ceramic cutting insert wherein the surface speed of the relative rotational movement is equal to or greater than about 457 surface meters per minute; and bringing the ceramic cutting insert and the workpiece into contact with each other so as to remove material from the workpiece.

Abstract: Provided is a cutting apparatus employing a high pressure fluid jet including a super high pressure pump for increasing pressure of a fluid so as to form a super high pressure fluid, a super high pressure fluid nozzle having an orifice for ejecting the super high pressure fluid so as to form a high rate ejected flow, a super high pressure fluid pipeline for connecting the super high pressure pump and the super high pressure fluid nozzle to each other, and a switch valve interposed between the super high pressure fluid nozzle and the super high pressure fluid pipeline so as to connect or disconnect supply of the super high pressure fluid; wherein the super high pressure fluid nozzle is provided in plurality, in which diameters of the orifices provided with nozzles are different from each other, and supply of the super high pressure fluid from the super high pressure fluid pipeline to the super high pressure fluid nozzle is changed from one nozzle to another nozzle of the plural super high pressure fluid nozzle

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an absorbent body for an absorbent article includes a conveying mechanism for conveying a continuous absorbent sheet, a slitting mechanism configured so that a plurality of slitting blades are pressed against the absorbent sheet conveyed by the conveying mechanism, the slitting blades extending in a predetermined direction, a cutting mechanism for cutting the absorbent sheet against which the slitting blades are pressed and forming the absorbent body, and a stretching mechanism arranged upstream of the cutting mechanism and for stretching, in a direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction, the absorbent sheet against which the slitting blades are pressed, and forming slits in the absorbent sheet.

Abstract: Stacks of pieces (24) are cut out from the lay-up (20) on a cutting table, on the basis of recorded information relating to the locations of the pieces on the surface of the lay-up, and the skeleton (26) of the lay-up is split up (lines 28) into a plurality of portions while the stacks of pieces are being cut out. Then the lay-up is brought onto an unloading table (60) for successively unloading the stacks of cut-out pieces by causing an unloading tool (80) to move so as to bring it into contact with the stacks that have arrived on the unloading table, by using information relating to the locations of the pieces, and so as to take off each stack from the remainder of the lay-up merely by moving it substantially parallel to the plane of the lay-up, without interfering with the stacks of pieces that have not yet been unloaded.

Abstract: A saw such as a chop saw, a circular saw, a compound miter saw or a sliding compound miter saw having a rotatable saw blade is provided with a laser arbor alignment system. The laser arbor may include a power generator that generates power as the saw blade and the laser arbor are rotated by a spindle. The generator may include a stator comprising an electrical magnet or a permanent magnet mounted on a fixed portion of the saw. The other portion of the generator is a rotor comprising a coil that is rotated with the laser arbor to generate power for the laser. Power may also be provided to the laser by slip ring contacts from a stationary source to the laser arbor.

Abstract: There is provided a machine for processing workpieces. In one embodiment, there is provided a workpiece processing machine including a processing tool movable to engage a workpiece with a force applied along a tool drive axis, a spindle member coupled to the processing tool and having two helical spindle drive threads spaced apart along the tool drive axis, through which drive threads tool forces are transmitted, and one or more drive motors operable to move the spindle member by applying force through the spindle drive threads to displace the spindle member and the tool along the tool drive axis, wherein the processing tool is coupled to the force transmission member to transmit force from the tool to the spindle member by a force transfer element coupled to the spindle member so as to distribute the force between both of the spindle drive threads.

Abstract: A paper cutting device for cutting sheet material from the lengthwise edges of the material toward the middle comprising a stationary blade and first and second movable blades with the sheet material placed between the stationary blade and the first and second movable blades. The paper cutting device enables the spacing between the stationary blade and the first and second movable blades to be opened by moving the stationary blade frame and the movable blade frame relative to each other. The first movable blade and second movable blade are supported on a first stud and second stud, respectively, near the distal ends of the edge of the blade part of the stationary blade so that the paths of the blade tips overlap when cutting the sheet material. The movable blade drive mechanism drives the first movable blade and second movable blade with the first movable blade leading and the second movable blade following.

Abstract: A paper punch has a base, two cutters, two articulated linkages and a lever. The base has a top, an open bottom, a cavity, two punch holes and two brackets. The punch holes are defined through the top. The brackets are mounted on the top and each bracket has two guide slots. The cutters are slidably mounted respectively in the brackets and each cutter has a blade. The articulated linkages are pivotally mounted respectively on the brackets and each has a lower link and an upper link. The lower link is mounted pivotally and slidably on a corresponding bracket. The upper link is mounted pivotally on a corresponding lower link. The lever is mounted pivotally on the brackets and is connected pivotally to the upper links of the articulated linkages. The articulated linkages allow a user to press the lever without strenuous effort when punching holes through paper sheets.

Abstract: A sheet punch device for punching a sheet with a punch edge comprises a motor performing a punching operation and a position detection unit detecting a position of the punch edge. A control unit controls the motor and the position detection unit, wherein the control unit causes the position detection unit to detect a position of the punch edge at a time of or prior to a motor stop in a first driving operation of the motor to perform the punching operation, and, when the detected position deviates from a desired position, the control unit performs restarting of the motor so that the punch edge is brought close to the desired position.

Abstract: An adjustable cutting die mounting system includes at a least pair of securable and releasable two axis mounting and securement assemblies. Each assembly includes a square or rectangular opening in the cutting die board which receives an opposed pair of slotted brackets or guides which are secured to the die within the opening. The slotted brackets cooperatively receive an elongate member which defines an elongate slot. The elongate slot receives a captive mounting bolt which adjustably secures the cutting die board to the drum cutting die drum.

Abstract: A stringed musical instrument such as a guitar includes an easily accessible adjustment member that allows the user to change the vertical height of the instrument's neck without affecting the angle of the neck relative to the guitar body. This invention allows the user to quickly adjust the action of the instrument without affecting the intonation or scale length of the guitar in one simple step without requiring the user to remove the strings, loosen any screws, or perform any additional mechanical adjustments.

Abstract: A friction capo includes a first hinged arm and a second hinged arm coupled together by a friction hinge. The friction hinge includes a rotatable shaft and a friction element mounted on the shaft. The first hinged arm is coupled to the shaft and the second hinged arm is coupled to the friction element. The friction element is placed over the shaft such that the shaft frictionally engages the friction element. The capo has a holding torque configured to hold strings of an instrument firmly against a fret board.

Abstract: The invention is a method and system for increasing the comfort of musicians as they play an instrument. In one aspect, the invention relates to facilitating in the correction positioning of a musical instrument. In particular, the invention relates to supporting a banjo. In another aspect of improving comfort, the areas of metal finger picks that will contact the upper portion of the finger, between the nail and the last knuckle, are coated with a cushioning material.

Abstract: A dual foot pedal system operates on a bass drum with a beat having a different rhythm. The first foot pedal operates on the drum by a direct transmission from the pedal to the surface of the drum. The second foot pedal has a mechanism thereon that changes the relative position of the travel between the cantilevered hammer heads to obtain a difference of a beat on the drum. The difference is achieved by a driven disc which is operated by the second foot pedal stepped upon by the individual drummer. There is a floating disc adjacent to the driven disc adjustably connected to the driven disc which changes the length of time of the second cantilevered hammer head to travel to an impact on the drum relative to the impact obtained by the first foot pedal.

Abstract: The present invention is method and apparatus for music performance and composition. More specifically, the present invention is an interactive music apparatus comprising actuating a signal that is transmitted to a processing computer that transmits output signals to a speaker that emits sound and an output component that performs an action. Further, the present invention is also a method of music performance and composition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for classifying mood of music at high speed. The method includes: extracting a Modified Discrete Cosine Transformation-based timbre feature from a compressed domain of a music file; extracting a Modified Discrete Cosine Transformation-based tempo feature from the compressed domain of the music file; and classifying the mood of the music file based on the extracted timbre feature and the extracted tempo feature.

Abstract: A music production system is presented that includes a music module to access computer software applications and produce music compositions. The system in a first mode records and corrects the pitch of a tune, typically a tune sung by a user at a microphone. The user may produce additional tracks with the software applications including instruments playing the recorded and corrected tune or to accompany the user while singing the tune. In a second mode, the system generates virtual characters such as band members, a producer and/or a manager to simulate the production and presentation of the recorded tune as a stage show as part of a recording industry. Virtual characters may assist in the use of user interface functions during music composition development and orchestration.

Abstract: A method of sound synthesizing in which characteristics of a plurality of harmonics of a sampled sound are first absorbed into a wave-table so that a sound can be synthesized from a reduced number of harmonic envelops for efficient processing while preserving fidelity. This method is particularly good for synthesizing the sound of a string instrument.

Abstract: Percussion instrument using touch switch. Electric current flows by touching conducting pad with conducting stick. The microcontroller in main portion detects the said electronic current and recognizes which pad is hit by which stick to generate the sound of drum of hit pad. The stick portion may further contain vibration sensor and in this case the microcontroller recognizes the hit impact strength of stick on pad by analyzing the output of vibration sensor to control the volume of sound of drum. The information about playing drum recognized by microcontroller can be transmitted to outer system like PC by communication portion in main portion or used to generate the sound of drum by sound generation portion in main portion and if the communication portion is contained in main portion then the sound generation portion may be omitted.

Abstract: A wad-less shotshell ammunition cartridge may, if desired, have the hull inserted into a cup shaped metal head bottom portion. The hull is pressed into the cup shaped metal bottom portion. The primer is inserted into the center of cup. A measured amount of appropriate propellant is poured into the open end of hull. The measured amount of propellant. An amount of granulated obturating medium is poured into the open end of hull over the propellant. A selectively measured amount of spherically shaped projectiles are poured into the hull. A solid projectile is substituted for the spherically shaped projectiles. A packing tool presses the air out of the mixture of granulated obturating medium, spherically shaped projectiles and propellant. The air is pressed out of the mixture then the projectile is packed into the hull. The packing tool is removed and the open end of hull is reverse rolled and sealed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a perforation gun comprising an external gun barrel (1) in the interior of which perforators (10) are located which can be ignited via a fuse (11) extending through the gun barrel (1) and which, after ignition, pierce the gun barrel (1) with perforation holes (13), whereby means are provided which automatically close the perforation holes (13). According to an embodiment of the invention, the means for automatically closing the perforation holes comprise cartridges including a swellable two-component foam. Said cartridges are located inside the gun barrel (1) and can be broken up by the ignited fuse (11), thereby allowing foam to escape from the cartridges, allowing it to swell and obliterate the perforation holes (13).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silencer for reducing muzzle blast and noise of firearms or similar devices. The present silencer has a hollow cylindrical or other shape casing comprising front and rear end caps and an opening aligned along a longitudinal axis defining a passage for a projectile and propellant gases to emerge from the muzzle opening. A plurality of serially placed baffles of symmetrical or slanted orientation and intervening coaxial spacers are positioned within the casing and define a multitude of chambers among the baffles, spacers, and outer housing. The baffles shear propellant gases away from the projectile path and through openings or ports into additional chambers formed between the spacers and outer housing. The arrangement of baffles and spacers provides flow-impeding paths, dispersion, and controlled expansion of gases and lowers gas temperature to reduce audible noise and observable signature of the muzzle blast.

Abstract: Electronic ignition systems which are designed for use with personal firearms utilizing black powder (or black powder substitutes) such as shotguns, rifles, and pistols. Generally, the firearms will be of the type classified as muzzleloaders. The electronic ignition systems generate an electric arc in the barrel of the firearm which ignites the propellant charge in the firearm discharging it when a firing switch is closed.

Abstract: A detachable magazine for storing and delivering ammunition to a firearm having a magazine well. The magazine has a body with a column adapted for insertion into the magazine well. The column has a passage for transmitting ammunition to the firearm. The body includes a drum housing defining a substantially cylindrical chamber communicating with the column passage. A first sprocket element is rotatably received in the chamber and has a serrated periphery, with each serration adapted to receive an ammunition cartridge. A second sprocket element is rotatably received in the chamber, and is concentric with the first sprocket element, having a serrated periphery with each serration adapted to receive an ammunition cartridge. A spring element is connected to at least one of the sprocket elements, and operates to rotatably bias the sprocket elements to transmit cartridges from the drum chamber to the column passage.

Abstract: An axial piston machine (1) has a swashplate construction with work pistons (6) located longitudinally in a cylinder drum (4), each supported by a sliding block (8) on a swashplate (11). The sliding blocks (8) are secured against lifting up from the swashplate (11) by a retaining plate (13) that rotates in rotational synchronization with the cylinder drum (4). The retaining plate (13) is fixed in position in the axial direction by a retaining device (15). The retaining device (15) can be a groove-shaped recess (16) in the swashplate (11), into which the retaining plate (13) can be inserted. Or, the retaining device (15) can be formed by a plate-shaped component (30) inserted into a groove-shaped housing recess (31) on the housing (1), with which the retaining plate (13) can be placed in contact.

Abstract: A parallel-plate diffusion gas dehumidifier has a treatment zone having at least one water-permeable membrane. The gas dehumidifier includes an untreated gas inlet, a treatment zone bounded by water-permeable membranes, a support structure for the membranes, access to a source of vacuum, and a dehumidified gas outlet. The cross section of the treatment zone may be provided in various shapes, for example, rectangular. The gas dehumidifier inlet and outlet include flow transitions that minimize the obstruction of particles passing through the dehumidifier. The dehumidifier may be used in particle sampling systems to dehumidify the sample gas prior to introducing the sample gas to a mass measuring device and mass flow controller. Methods of operating the gas dehumidifier and the particle sampling system are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for quickly catching reaction by-products introduced from a process chamber in semiconductor equipment. The apparatus solidifies the reaction by-products into powder within a short period of time by cooling the reaction by-products and ionizes the reaction by-products by applying energy to the reaction by-products such that the reaction by-products are deposited in the form of lamination layers, thereby improving the efficiency of catching the reaction by-products. The apparatus includes a housing having first and second connection ports, a heating unit installed in the housing so as to heat the reaction by-products introduced into the housing through the first connection port such that the reaction by-products are ionized, and a cooling unit for rapidly cooling the reaction by-products heated by means of the heating unit by circulating a low-temperature coolant, which is injected into the cooling unit, through the housing.

Abstract: A gas-separation membrane module assembly and a gas-separation process using the assembly. The assembly includes a set of tubes, each containing gas-separation membranes, arranged within a housing. The housing contains a tube sheet that divides the space within the housing into two gas-tight spaces. A permeate collection system within the housing gathers permeate gas from the tubes for discharge from the housing.

Abstract: An air purifying device is disclosed as including a plurality of fins coated with 5 titanium dioxide (TiO2) and positioned substantially parallel to one another to define at least one passageway allowing air to pass through, and a source of ultraviolet (UV) light, in which each of the fins has a hole and two ends, at least part of the UV light source is received within a channel defined by the holes of the fins, and each of the two ends of each fin has two bent portions.

Abstract: A load-lock and semiconductor device manufacturing equipment have a wafer anti-contamination measure capable of maximizing production yield. The load-lock includes a chamber that can be hermetically sealed, a slit valve disposed at the front of the chamber for placing the chamber in communication with another chamber, a door disposed at the back of the chamber so as to allow a wafer cassette to be introduced into the chamber. In addition to having at least one of the load-locks, the semiconductor manufacturing equipment includes a transfer chamber to which the load-lock is connected, at least one process chamber connected to the transfer chamber, and an exhaust system by which each load-lock chamber is evacuated. The wafer anti-contamination measure may be an anti-eddy cover that covers the open back of a wafer cassette when the cassette is supported in the load-lock chamber.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved hydrocarbon adsorbent slurry washcoat formulation, which can be used for controlling evaporative hydrocarbon emissions from a motor vehicle. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an improved slurry composition of the present invention comprises one or more hydrocarbon adsorbent materials, and an organic polymer binder containing an anionic dispersant and/or stabilizing pH. The binder is used to improve the adhesion of the hydrocarbon adsorbent to the surface of the fuel storage, fuel delivery, or air intake system component.

Abstract: A method for producing an adsorbent which is stable toward a liquid such as an eluant and which shows excellent reproducibility in selectively adsorbing and separating an object compound, the method includes the steps of: preparing a base material having a surface, in which at least part of the surface of the base material is formed of a material containing as its major component apatite which is represented by the composition formula Ca10(PO4)6((OH)1?aXa)2; preparing a solution containing ions of at least one metal element; substituting at least part of Ca of the apatite by the at least one metal element by bringing the base material into contact with the solution to obtain a substituted base material; and subjecting the substituted base material to heat treatment at 50 to 400° C. for 0.5 to 10 hours, wherein the base material and the substituted base material are not exposed to a temperature exceeding 500° C. for 4 hours or longer from the substitution step to the completion of production of the adsorbent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid filtration device with internal flow paths that facilitate the purging of air bubbles from the device. The device includes internal channels that collect bubbles from fluid entering the filtration device and more efficiently direct fluid to sweep bubbles from the device during operation. The present invention also provides for an automatic means to minimize fluid loss during a vent process.

Abstract: A wine cellar insulation system for the enhancement and control of the wine cellar and wine storage environment.

Abstract: Automatic apparatus for treating milk by means of steam comprises a steam-generating source, a reservoir containing the milk to be treated, a mixing chamber into which a flow of milk with a predetermined flow-rate and at least one flow of steam with a predetermined flow-rate are brought through respective ducts opening into the mixing chamber, the chamber being provided with an opening for the delivery of the mixture produced, as well as a peristaltic pump operating on the milk duct between the reservoir and the chamber and driven by an electric motor with adjustable speed. The flow-rate of the pump and consequently the ratio between the flow of milk and the flow of steam can thus be varied so as to achieve the desired temperature in the final product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-function coffee maker, comprising at least two brewing accessories including an espresso coffee brewing accessory and a drip coffee brewing accessory, which are interchangeable and each can be loaded within said brewing room of said cover assembly to form an individual brewing chamber. Said multi-function coffee maker further comprises a control circuit including a detection circuit for the brewing accessory. By a water distributor assembly and said control circuit, water flow of suitable pressure is provided into said brewing chamber and the brewing accessory in use is detected automatically so as to initiate a corresponding work mode according to desire.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for cooking meat are provided. The apparatus preferably includes a base having at least one liquid container connected to an upper surface of the base and a liquid collecting cavity formed in the upper surface of the base between outer walls of the liquid container and outer peripheries of the base. The apparatus also preferably includes at least one separate meat infusor positioned to receive steam from the liquid container. The meat infusor preferably has an infusor body and a plurality of openings positioned in peripheries of the infusor body so that when liquid positioned in the liquid container heats, steam from the liquid travels through the infusor body, through the openings therein, and toward meat positioned to overlie the infusor body.

Abstract: A pivot assembly for use in an electric fryer that rotates heating elements out of a frypot, and a pivot housing that prevents the passage of outside contaminants from entering the pivot assembly. The pivot assembly comprises a tube that has mounting position for heating elements, and the elements can be lowered and raised into the frypot. The pivot housing comprises a hood that fits over the pivot assembly and forms a seal around the assembly, preventing the passage of oil therethrough. The tube of the pivot assembly can comprise one or more heating elements, and the heating elements can be lowered or raised independently of one another.

Abstract: The inventions disclosed herein relate to a smoke generating device for use with portable grills. Various embodiments of the smoke generating devices disclosed herein incorporate some combination of a number of features to solve the problem of prior art smoke generating devices.