Abstract: A massage apparatus comprising a vibrator device in operative association with a remote controller for remote operation of the vibrator device is disclosed. The remote controller comprises a controller body having a control panel that remotely controls the operation of the vibrator device and a signal transmitter for transmitting a radio frequency signal having a predefined protocol to a signal receiver operatively associated with the vibrator device for controlling the operation of the vibrator device.

Abstract: A telemetry apparatus and method for communicating data from a down-hole location through a borehole to the surface is described including a light source, an optical fiber being placed along the length of the wellbore and receiving light from the light source, a transducer located such as to produce a force field (e.g. a magnetic field) across the optical fiber and its protective hull without mechanical penetration of the hull at the down-hole location, one or more sensors for measuring down-hole conditions and/or parameters, a controller to provide a modulated signal to the magnetic field generator, said modulated signal being under operating conditions representative of measurements by the one or more sensors, and an optical detector adapted to detect changes in the light intensity or polarization of light passing through the fiber.

Abstract: A logging system for use in a wellbore formed in an earth formation. A tubular conduit is provided extending from surface into the wellbore, as well as a surface communication and control device located at the surface. A telemetry device located inside the wellbore is capable of sending and receiving signals to and/or from the surface communication and control device, the signals representing commands and/or data. Also provided is a logging tool string that is capable of passing from a position within the conduit to a position outside the conduit at a lower end part thereof and capable of being suspended by the conduit in said position outside the conduit. Communication of the commands and/or data between the logging tool string and the telemetry device is established using a communication interface between the logging tool string and the telemetry device.

Abstract: A transmission system in a downhole component comprises a plurality of data transmission elements. A coaxial cable having an inner conductor and an outer conductor is disposed within a passage in the downhole component such that at least one capacitor is disposed in the passage and having a first terminal coupled to the inner conductor and a second terminal coupled to the outer conductor. Preferably the transmission element comprises an electrically conducting coil. Preferably, within the passage a connector is adapted to electrically connect the inner conductor of the coaxial cable and the lead wire. The coaxial capacitor may be disposed between and in electrically communication with the connector and the passage. In another embodiment a connector is adapted to electrical connect a first and a second portion of the inner conductor of the coaxial cable and a coaxial capacitor is in electrical communication with the connector and the passage.

Abstract: A remote control identification system includes a first housing member. At least one wireless signal receiving unit is disposed at least one of in and on the first housing member. An at least one of a visual and an audio device is disposed in or on the housing member in communication with the signal receiving unit for alerting an owner of such objects of their presence upon receipt of a signal by the signal receiving unit. A first power source is connected to each of the wireless receiving unit and the at least one of a visual and an audio device for supplying power thereto. A second housing member is also provided. There is at least one wireless signal transmitter for supplying such signal to the signal receiving unit disposed one of in or on the second housing member. A second power source is connected to such wireless signal transmitter for supplying power thereto.

Abstract: Boom gate apparatus (10) including: (i) a portable trolley (13); (ii) an elongate gate (11) mounted to the portable body (13); and (iii) actuating means (41) for moving the elongate gate from an upright non-operational position to a horizontal operational position characterised in that; (iv) said actuating means is controlled by a hand held controller or transmitter (50).

Abstract: A traffic signal apparatus is provided with solar panels, a battery source for powering light directional signals during a power outage and a charger linked to the solar panels for re-energizing the battery source. Changing of the light directional signals (i.e. red, yellow, green, arrow) is controlled by a timer connected to the battery power source. In a preferred embodiment, one or more 12 volt batteries, such as those used in an automobile, are connected in series for powering the light signals. The batteries, solar panel(s), charger, connecting cables and the timer may be installed to an existing conventional traffic light signal or, alternatively, on a temporary traffic light signal supported on a post for placement on the ground, preferably in the middle of the road, such as at an intersection.

Abstract: The warning tube guides drivers around an obstacle such as a construction site. Beginning with a base that has a neck, the warning tube has corrugations like an accordion, a sleeve at the lower end, its own neck at the upper end, and a variety of fittings temporarily placed into the neck. The fittings include a cap, a reflector, a light, and a traffic sign like a yield sign, among other things. After the sleeve is placed upon the neck of the base, the tube is expanded upward to position a fitting visible to drivers. The corrugations of the tube are bent at an angle to indicate the direction of the road ahead of the warning tube.

Abstract: Provided is a system and method for reporting a regulation violation of a vehicle. The system includes a sensor, a competent authority server, a vehicle database, a relay, and a vehicle terminal. The sensor senses the regulation violation of the vehicle. The competent authority server reads sense information received from the sensor, issues a penalty notice, and transmits regulation violation information to the violation vehicle. The vehicle database stores a variety of information relating to the vehicle. The relay wire/wireless connects with the competent authority server and at the same time, wireless connects with the vehicle terminal. The vehicle terminal is installed in the vehicle, and receives the regulation violation information from the competent authority server and transmits the received regulation violation information to a driver.

Abstract: A processor, software code, and a method for generating warning indicating that flaps are not suitably in a take-off position. A first component is configured to receive a first signal indicative of one of a group of flaps positions, the group including a take-off position. A second component is configured to receive a second signal indicative of an aircraft position. A third component is configured to compare the aircraft position to the contents of a database and to, by the comparison, determine whether the aircraft position is within a runway perimeter. A fourth component is configured to generate an alarm when the aircraft is within the runway perimeter and the flaps position is not the take-off position.

Abstract: A system and a method of determining the location of parked cars in a parking area includes a vehicle-mountable transceiver and a plurality of transceivers disposed throughout the parking area. Each vehicle-mountable transceiver has or is assigned an identification code by which communications between the vehicle-mountable transceiver and the transceivers may be interpreted as a vehicle location. A portable device may also be used, where the portable device may communicate with the vehicle-mountable transceiver and with the transceivers. A server maintains a database having the vehicle identification codes, and the locations of the vehicles and provides vehicle location information to the driver, either in printed form, audible form, or in the form of information transmitted to the portable device.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of an in-vehicle multi-media system based on identifying operating conditions for the vehicle. Various operational rules can be applied to the multi-media system based on an identified operating condition. Operating conditions can include a variety of criteria including traffic, weather, vehicle operating parameters, or the like. Once a condition is identified, an operating rule corresponding to that condition can be imposed on the operation of the multi-media system.

Abstract: A method of updating a digital map comprising elements of a traffic route network, in a user end device on which at least one user application of the digital map runs, using a second digital map which is arranged in a control center, in which only a subset of elements of the digital map required for a current user application is updated in close to real time conditions when the elements of the digital map are required by a current user application. Since the user end device can precisely delimit the element subset required for a current user application, only minimum data transmission is required.

Abstract: A keypad module comprises a plurality of keys, receivers, and props. Each of the keys has a first pressing region and a second pressing region on an exposed surface thereof. A first receiver is disposed under the first pressing region for generating a first signal while the first pressing region is pressed, and the second receiver is disposed under the second pressing region for generating a second signal while the second receiver region is pressed. The prop is disposed between the first receiver and the second receiver for ensuring only one pressing region is pressed at a time.

Abstract: An encoder having a detector and an optical system that generates an image of a code strip on the detector is disclosed. The image includes a plurality of light and dark stripes, the detector generating a plurality of sinusoidal signals differing in phase from one another as the code strip moves relative to the detector. Each sinusoidal signal cycles through one period when the code strip moves a distance equal to one light stripe and one dark stripe with respect to the detector. A frequency multiplier generates a plurality of frequency multiplied signals. The encoder utilizes a signal interpolator that defines a plurality of position locations utilizing the frequency multiplied signals, there being at least 5 such points corresponding to the code strip moving a distance equal to one light stripe and one dark stripe with respect to the detector.

Abstract: Methods and systems that leverage the advantages of Huffman coding to increase processing efficiency of a data-stream while simultaneously minimizing storage requirements are provided. Decoding efficiency and table storage requirements can be balanced to produce systems that can be adapted for use in high-end network infrastructure applications and for low-resourced portable consumer devices. The systems and methods are operative in decoding data streams using multi-symbol codes and sign information, including AAC and MP3 data streams. A hierarchical structure of tables is described as having primary tables, secondary tables, tertiary tables and so on. Optimization balances processing requirements, table storage requirements and the described systems and methods may be implemented on a variety of processing platforms.

Abstract: A data byte insertion circuit includes circuitry to generate derivative intermediate data words from input data words of a current and a preceding cycle, repositioning data bytes of the input data words before and after data byte insertion points of the current and preceding cycles, and circuitry to generate re-aligned variants of insertion data bytes of the current cycle. The data byte insertion circuit further includes circuitry to generate a number of multi-bit data bit selection masks, and circuitry to generate an output data word by conditionally using selected parts of the derivate intermediate data words and the re-aligned variants of the insertion data bytes, in accordance with the multi-bit data bit selection masks.

Abstract: A coder is fed with pre-coded data such that the absolute value of the RDS of the code words as produced by the coder is limited. This is achieved by ensuring that in a group of 2 code words the RDS of the first code word is compensated by the RDS of the second conde word. The RDS at the end of the second code word is then zero and the excursions of the RDS from the start of the first code word until the end of the second code word are limited because there are only a limited number of bits that can contribute to an increase of the absolute value of the RDS. This principle can easily be applied to the 17PP coder.

Abstract: A method of compressing digital data includes the steps of (i) reading digital data as a series of binary coded words representing a context and a code word to be compressed, (ii) calculating distribution output data from the input data and assigning variable length code words to the result; and (iii) periodically recalculating the code words in accordance with a predetermined schedule, in order to continuously update the code words and their lengths.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods of encoding variable length data for efficient transport over a wireless channel. A wireless terminal can determine a frame size to encode, and can encode and transmit the frame data as one or more encoded blocks selected from a family of block sizes. Each block size can correspond to a particular encoder rate. The frame is parsed into a number of segments having a block size selected from the family of block sizes. The block sizes are selected to maximize the spectral efficiency of the frame. Each segment is then encoded with an encoder corresponding to the block size and having a coding rate that is configured to provide a substantially equal energy per symbol for all of the blocks. The encoded blocks are then aggregated and the smallest block zero padded. The aggregate of encoded blocks can be transported in one or more bursts.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for processing analog monitoring signals by using a serial bus. The apparatus includes a multiplexer receiving at least one analog signal and outputting only one of the at least one analog signal in response to a predetermined control signal; an analog-to-digital converter converting the output analog signal into a digital signal; a first controller generating the control signal, outputting the control signal to the multiplexer, and controlling the operation of the analog-to-digital converter; and a bus controller outputting the digital signal via an external serial bus. Accordingly, analog monitoring signals are received, converted into digital data, and output via serial bus even when a large number of analog monitoring signals are present, only if the address input to the apparatus is identical to unique address of the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a corresponding system for analyzing a digital signal, in particular a method for determining bit error rates of a digital signal, said method comprising the step of: sampling said digital signal or sampling a sampled signal of said digital signal with a sampling unit at sampling points, wherein said sampling points are subject to a controllable phase shift, said method being characterized by the step of masking said sampling points such that an output of said sampling unit comprises information on the validity of said digital signal for the respective phase shift.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for a sigma-delta modulator is provided. The DAC has a switched capacitor structure using an operational amplifier (OP amp) and performs a function exceeding 3-level using a switching method employing only one capacitor in single ended form. Thus, DAC non-linearity caused by capacitor mismatching does not occur, and the number of output levels of the DAC is increased. Also, the DAC capacitor may be applied to a general DAC to increase the ratio of DAC output levels to capacitors.

Abstract: Provided is a digital-to-analog converter converting a digital signal into an analog signal. The digital-to-analog converter includes a decoder for selecting a current source from digital inputs, a current switch driver for driving a current switch of the current source, and a random selection switch disposed between the decoder and the current switch driver, and randomly resetting a connection relationship between outputs of the decoder and inputs of the current switch driver every clock. According to the present invention, the linearity of the digital-to-analog converter may be enhanced by changing the current source selected every clock signal to compensate for non-linearity of the digital-to-analog converter according to the spatial arrangement of the current sources.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to form a highly accurate current source for D/A converters. Letters from a1 to an where n is at least 4 represent current source cells that output constant currents, each of which is composed of MOS transistors etc. These current source cells are arranged in two dimensional matrix and a plurality of these current source cells are connected to form a current source that has a predetermined current value. Current source cells in any one row of the two dimensional matrix are labeled with letters from a1 to an. A first kind of row is in the same order as this row. A second kind of row is obtained from the first kind of row by exchanging a series of elements being letters from ai to ai+j where both i and j are integers at least 1 and i+j is an integer not more than n/2 with a series of elements being letters from ak to ak+j where k is an integer larger than n/2 and k+j is an integer not more than n. The two dimensional matrix comprises a same number of these two kinds of row.

Abstract: A display device drive device includes a signal processing section (20) for correcting an input digital image signal and outputting a digital corrected signal, an analog signal output section (30) for outputting an analog image signal to a plurality of image output terminals (1), a signal switching selection (40) for successively selecting an analog image signal from the analog signal output section (30), and a delta/sigma modulator (9) for delta/sigma-modulating the analog image signal selected by the signal switching section (40) and feedback-inputs the created 1-bit digital modulated signal to the signal processing section (20). The signal processing section (20) successively outputs initial output data Vinit0 to Vinitm to the analog signal output section (30), receives a modulated signal for the initial output data Vinit0 to Vinitm from the delta/sigma modulator (9) so as to calculate correction data.

Abstract: A device and method for efficiently monitoring temperature and providing analog to digital conversion is described. In one embodiment, a single cell temperatures sensor and analog to digital converter, operable in two modes, is provided. The temperature sensor and analog to digital converter may share common components in order to further reduce the amount of substrate area required by the device.

Abstract: A multi-element antenna with sufficiently small return loss and mutual coupling signals to allow the simultaneous transmission of powerful radar signals and the reception of faint target return signals. The microstrip patch antenna has radio frequency absorbing material place between neighboring antenna elements to reduce the mutual coupling leakage signals.

Abstract: Systems and methods for automatically transferring control from one air traffic control (ATC) center that uses one ATC data link standard to another ATC center that uses a different ATC data link standard are disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes a receiver component configured to receive at least a new air traffic control center designation message from an original air traffic control center through an active connection, an identifier component configured to determine a data link standard of a new air traffic control center from the message, a logon component to log the aircraft into the new center. The system further includes a connection component to establish an inactive connection with the new air traffic control center, a confirmation component to confirm the inactive connection, and a switch component to terminate the active connection and activate the inactive connection.

Abstract: A wireless network device includes a correlation module, an automatic gain control module, and a control module. The correlation module correlates a predetermined portion of a radio frequency (RF) signal and generates a correlation signal based thereon. The automatic gain control (AGC) module generates a gain control signal based on said RF signal. The control module selectively determines whether said RF signal is a radar signal based on said correlation signal and said gain control signal.

Abstract: A positioning system for tracking the location of a first responder emergency worker. The system includes mobile enabler units and a personnel badge having a ranging transponder. Two enabler units can use two-way ranging signals, a prescribed turn around time and differential altitude for automatically tracking the location of the badge.

Abstract: A radar apparatus or like is provided in which a rate at which detected image data is written into an image memory is prevented from decreasing, irrespective of an enlarged amount of the detected image data. When an azimuth direction enlargement section 90a of a W data generator 9 receives detected image data of a certain sweep, the azimuth direction enlargement section 90a outputs the detected image data to an image memory 10, and delays the detected image data, depending on a cycle of an azimuth direction shift timing signal. Next, when detected image data of a next sweep is drawn into a pixel adjacent in an azimuth direction (sweep moving direction) to a pixel into which previous detected image data has been drawn and is located at the same distance in a sweep distance direction, the delayed detected image data is compared with new detected image data, and the greater data is drawn into the new pixel.

Abstract: A GPS receiver (10) is disclosed comprising a GPS antenna and a GPS RF front-end including an analogue to digital converter for sampling received GPS signals; and a processor for outputting, including to an external device, the GPS signal samples together with ancillary information either directly or indirectly describing characteristics of the GPS signal samples and/or the GPS signals contained therein. Also disclosed is a corresponding method of providing a position fix and a computer program, computer-readable storage medium and apparatus for the same.

Abstract: A system for a mobile communication apparatus for positioning the mobile communication apparatus is provided. The mobile communication apparatus comprises a controller, a signal transmitter/receiver, a positioning receiver, and a display. Wherein, the positioning receiver receives a positioning signal transmitted by a Global Positioning System (GPS). The signal transmitter/receiver coupled to the positioning receiver is configured to transmit the positioning signal to an external device. The signal transmitter/receiver also receives the positioning related information determined according to the positioning signal from the external device. The controller respectively couples to the signal transmitter/receiver, the positioning receiver, and the display. Moreover, the display is adopted for displaying the positioning related information.

Abstract: A positioning information processing apparatus includes positioning information acquiring means for acquiring positioning information at predetermined standard time intervals; and positioning information transmitting means for transmitting outside the positioning information acquired by the positioning information acquiring means through a predetermined data communication path only if the positioning information is effective.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) and method for allowing a moving user to automatically determine and store locations (11) over an extended period of time, to display the series of such locations (11), and to actively assist in returning to an earlier location. The apparatus (10) includes an antenna (16) for facilitating satellite lock, a fastening mechanism (18) for positioning the antenna (10) for best reception, and a satellite lock indictor (20) for communication loss of satellite lock. The apparatus (10) also includes a time (26) for measuring an interval during which the apparatus (10) is in a power-conserving sleep mode, and after which the user's current location is automatically determined. Active assistance in returning to an earlier location, either by traveling back along the path earlier traveled or by traveling along a more direct route, is accomplished by warning the user whenever the user's course deviates from the path or route.

Abstract: A radar antenna has a reflector and maximum gain along its boresight. The reflector has a periphery, typically circular, rectangular or elliptical. A plurality of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite signal receiving antennas are rigidly, mechanically attached to the reflector near its periphery. The plurality of GPS satellite signal receiving antennas are connected pairwise to a phase comparator for comparing a plurality of first phase differences induced by a first GPS satellite signal received concurrently between the plurality of GPS satellite signal receiving antennas. A Phase comparator measures the phase difference of the signal received at GPS satellite signal receiving antennas pairwise thus performing a differential phase measurement. This differential phase measurement is supplied to a computer for identifying an ambiguous boresight position using the phase differences measured by the phase comparator. The position of the GPS satellites is known with respect to the geo-location of the antenna.

Abstract: A method of performing digital beam forming on the radiation pattern of an array antenna using a plurality of antenna elements, each antenna element being coupled to a signal processing chain. A weighting phase is used in which at least a complex weight coefficient is applied to a digital signal in a corresponding signal processing chain. The digital signal is an intermediate frequency digital signal, and the weighting phase has the following steps: a) duplicating the digital signal into a first and a second digital signal; b) processing the first and second digital signals by multiplying the first and second digital signals respectively by a real and an imaginary part of the complex weight coefficient; applying a Hilbert transform to that signal which is multiplied by the imaginary part of the complex weight coefficient; and c) combining the processed first and second digital signals into a weighted digital intermediate frequency signal by subtracting the second signal from the first signal.

Abstract: A method for operating a communications device for separating M source signals provided by M signal sources includes receiving at K antenna arrays M different summations of the M source signals, where K<M. Each antenna array receives at least one different summation of the M source signals, with at least one of the antenna arrays receiving at least two different summations of the M source signals. The M different summations are used for forming a hybrid separation matrix as a function of the following: time differences between receipt of the M different summations of the M source signals by the K antenna arrays; a spatial fourth order cumulant matrix pencil based upon the time differences; a spatial correlation matrix based upon the spatial fourth order cumulant matrix; and steering vectors of the M different summations of the M source signals based upon the spatial correlation matrix.

Abstract: A method for operating a communications device for separating an independent source signal from a mixture of source signals provided by M signal sources includes receiving at an antenna array at least M different summations of the M source signals. The at least M different summations define the mixture of source signals, where N<M. A signal separation processor processes the mixture of source signals by taking samples of the mixture of source signals over time and storing each sample as a data vector to create a data set, and assigning each data vector within the data set to one class within a plurality of classes based on its similarity to other data vectors in the one class. The data vectors assigned to the one class are analyzed to separate the independent source signal from other signals in the mixture of source signals.

Abstract: A DOA estimating apparatus and method in a smart antenna system using a fixed beamforming scheme are provided. An uplink weight for a received uplink signal is calculated and a projection matrix of an interference signal is generated using the uplink weight. A covariance matrix of the interference signal is generated using the projection matrix of the interference signal, and power of the received signal and power of the interference signal are calculated using the covariance matrix of the interference signal and a covariance matrix of the received signal. A DOA is estimated based on the difference between the received signal power and the interference power.

Abstract: A method of determining a location is provided. The method comprises placing a plurality of radio frequency (RF) tags within an area, mapping the placement of the plurality of RF tags within the area, detecting one or more of the plurality of RF tags in the area, and determining a location based in part on the mapping and on probability distributions associated with each of the one or more detected RF tags.

Abstract: System for enabling a wireless computing device to determine its position includes a server with a database of identification and positional information about wireless beacons and a wireless computing device arranged to wireless communicate using the Internet with the server. The server determines the geographic location of the wireless computing device upon receiving data from the wireless computing device relating to reception of signals by the wireless computing device from at least one wireless beacon and analysis of the signals in light of the information contained in the database of the server. The server applies a calculation algorithm which determines the geographic location of the wireless computing device upon input of identification and signal strength information about the wireless beacon(s) derived from the received signals.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates to techniques for estimating a speed of an object that transmits a signal at a carrier frequency.

Abstract: A monopole fractal antenna and a method of manufacturing thereof are described. The antenna includes a ground plane having a cavity recessed therein, a radiating arm backed by the cavity and coupled to a feeding line arranged at the cavity, and at least one pair of electrical shunts configured for connecting at least two points selected within the fractal portion of the radiating arm to the ground plane. At least a portion of the radiating arm has a fractal geometric shape. The radiating arm is extended from the cavity along an axis disposed in relation to the ground plane.

Abstract: The invention provides a compact patch antenna having a cavity underneath the driver patch, so that the electromagnetic volume of the antenna is expanded without increasing the overall area of the antenna. More specifically, the compact patch antenna comprises a base layer having a cavity, a ground plane located on the base layer, and having an opening over at least a portion of the cavity, a substrate located on the ground plane, and a driver patch located on the substrate. The invention further provides a method for constructing a compact patch antenna, comprising the steps of providing a base layer having a cavity, providing a ground plane located on the base layer, and having an opening over at least a portion of the cavity, providing a substrate located on the ground plane, and providing a driver patch located on the substrate.

Abstract: A three-dimensional antenna structure suitable for being built in an electronic device includes a vertical patch, an annular patch and a ground patch. The vertical patch is suitable for generating a vertical current. One end of the annular patch is connected to the vertical patch, and the annular patch surrounds one side of the vertical patch for generating an annular current. An omni-directional radiation field is generated by the annular current and the vertical current. The annular patch has a feed point for electrically connecting to a signal source. One end of the ground patch is connected to the vertical patch. A distance exists between the end of the annular patch and the end of the ground patch. The other end of the ground patch has a shorting point next to the feed point and is suitable for electrically connecting to a ground.

Abstract: A planar antenna structure including a ground conductor, a first radiating patch, a shorting patch and a second radiating patch is provided. The first radiating patch is disposed above the ground conductor. One end of the shorting patch is connected with the ground conductor, and the other end thereof is connected with one side of the first radiating patch. A projection of the first radiating patch on the ground conductor is located on one side of a projection of the shorting patch on the ground conductor. The second radiating patch is disposed above the ground conductor and the first radiating. A projection of the second radiating patch on the ground conductor traverses both sides of the projection of the shorting patch on the ground conductor. The projection of the second radiating patch on the ground conductor partially overlaps with the projection of the first radiating patch on the ground conductor.

Abstract: A dual-polarized microstrip patch antenna structure comprising: a dual microstrip feed line circuitry underneath a bottom dielectric substrate; a ground plane layer overlying the bottom dielectric substrate, the ground plane layer having coupling apertures etched to the ground plane layer; a middle metallized patch layer stacked over a middle dielectric substrate; a top metallized patch layer stacked underneath a top dielectric substrate; and an air layer between the middle dielectric substrate and the top dielectric substrate separating the middle metallized patch layer and the top metallized patch layer. The microstrip feed line circuitry is configured to utilize corner-feeding techniques for enabling diagonal modes of the patch layers, and the coupling apertures of the ground plane layer are provided with a non-resonant bow-tie shape for enabling aperture coupling between the microstrip feed line circuitry and the patch layers.

Abstract: A folding type mobile radio apparatus whose case is easily miniaturized and that can decrease SAR in a simple structure as compared with a related art example is provided. In a folding type mobile radio apparatus having an upper case and a lower case joined for rotation via a hinge part and an antenna 4 placed on the lower case to the hinge part, a conductor 5 is included on the lower end part side facing the hinge part 3, of an upper circuit board 12 provided in the upper case and the conductor 5 has an elongated thin plate shape as compared with the length of the upper circuit board 12 in the width direction thereof and is connected to ground of the upper circuit board 12 at two parts of both ends in the width direction of the ground of the upper circuit board 12.