Abstract: A pressure exchanger for transferring pressure from a higher pressure liquid in a first liquid system to a lower pressure liquid in a second liquid system having a housing (8) with inlet and outlet connection openings (10-10.3) for each liquid and a rotor (1) arranged in the housing for rotation about a longitudinal axis. The rotor has a plurality of through channels (13) arranged around the longitudinal axis with openings (12) on axial end faces (2, 3) of the rotor. The rotor channels (13) are connected to the connection openings (10-10.3) through flow openings (11-11.3) in the housing such that during rotation of the rotor high pressure liquid and low pressure liquid are alternately supplied to the respective systems. A predominantly axially extending flow transition is formed between the flow openings (11-11.

Abstract: A swirler having cross-sectional area comparable to the area of a detonation chamber is placed upstream of the detonation chamber to enhance the fuel-air mixing. The swirler has a first region and a second region, each of which induces swirl in the flow through the swirler. Each region induces a different direction of swirl in the flow. The residual net swirl present in the flow downstream of the swirler is controlled by the relative properties of each region of the swirler. The swirler also provides high optical blockage to inhibit the upstream propagation of flow due to the detonation shockwave.

Abstract: A pulse detonation combustor is provided with a fuel-air mixer located upstream from a detonation chamber. A fuel-air mixture exits the fuel-air mixer and enters the detonation chamber, where it is ignited by an ignition source. The flow from the fuel-air mixer passes over the surface of a center body, which extends downstream from the fuel-air mixer. The surface of the center body contains at least one turbulence generator, which imparts additional turbulence in the fuel-air mixture passing through the chamber. The turbulence generator aids in the mixing of the fuel and air of the fuel-air mixture to enhance the deflagration to detonation transition within the pulse detonation combustor.

Abstract: An axial flow positive displacement engine has an inlet axially spaced apart and upstream from an outlet. Inner and outer bodies have offset inner and outer axes extend from the inlet to the outlet through first, second, and third sections of a core assembly in serial downstream flow relationship. At least one of the bodies is rotatable about its axis. The inner and outer bodies have intermeshed inner and outer helical blades wound about the inner and outer axes respectively. The inner and outer helical blades extend radially outwardly and inwardly respectively and have first, second, and third twist slopes in the first, second, and third sections respectively. The first twist slopes are less than the second twist slopes and the third twist slopes are less than the second twist slopes. A combustion section extends axially downstream from the second section through at least a portion of the third section.

Abstract: An axial flow positive displacement engine has an inlet axially spaced apart and upstream from an outlet. Inner and outer bodies have offset inner and outer axes extend from the inlet to the outlet through first, second, and third sections of a core assembly in serial downstream flow relationship. At least one of the bodies is rotatable about its axis. The inner and outer bodies have intermeshed inner and outer helical blades wound about the inner and outer axes respectively. The inner and outer helical blades extend radially outwardly and inwardly respectively. The helical blades have first, second, and third twist slopes in the first, second, and third sections respectively. The first twist slopes are less than the second twist slopes and the third twist slopes are less than the second twist slopes. A combustor section extends axially downstream through at least a portion of the second section.

Abstract: A Turbofan engine includes a fan mounted to a fan frame inside a fan nacelle. A booster compressor is joined to the fan inboard a flow splitter.

Abstract: Disclosed is an abrupt opening apparatus of a pressurized chamber in an intended procedure to accomplish thrust termination for a stage separation of the solid rocket motor. It can open trust termination ports with simple mechanical structure to thereby terminate the normal thrust of a nozzle reliably, if it is intended to terminate the normal thrust produced from the nozzle of the rocket motor to thereby impede the forward movement of the rocket motor by producing the reverse thrust. The thrust termination device for the rocket motor comprises a closure 210 for closing the thrust termination ports in an air-tight structure; a snap ring 220 for supporting the closure 210; a wedge 230 arranged between both free ends of the snap ring; a wedge fixing plate 240 for fixing the wedge; and, a pulling wire 250 linked to the wedge at one end thereof for extracting the wedge by being drawn when the thrust termination is performed.

Abstract: Method and system of onboard diagnostics in engine emissions monitoring, particularly for detecting anomalous cylinder behavior. In some embodiments, at least one sensor in the exhaust path measures electric charge that is indicative of particulate matter. In some embodiments, at least one sensor measures oxides of nitrogen.

Abstract: The invention concerns a procedure to determine the oxygen storage capability of an emission control system with an exhaust gas sensor with discrete-level ability disposed in front of the emission control system. If in a period of time before the determination of the oxygen storage capability, the control intervention of the exhaust gas sensor is ascertained, and if this mean value is taken into consideration when calculating the fuel-delivery control phase during the determination of the oxygen storage capability of the emission control system, or if this mean value is used to correct the lambda value used to calculate the amount of oxygen stored, an improved measuring accuracy can be achieved while using a cost effective discrete level sensor.

Abstract: In an engine (10) comprising a fuel injector (12) which performs a post injection after performing a main injection into a cylinder and an exhaust valve (15) which opens and closes to discharge an exhaust gas, a controller (70) controls the fuel injector (12) to start the post injection during a period where a gas velocity in the cylinder along a cylinder axis increases after the exhaust valve (15) opens. A duration (t) of the post injection is controlled according to a crank angle at which the post injection is to be performed such that a breakup distance (L) at the end of which the injected fuel atomizes does not become larger than a distance (S) from an injection hole (12a) to a cylinder liner (10c), thereby ensuring that the injected fuel is supplied to an exhaust passage (23) without adhering to the cylinder liner (10c).

Abstract: A regeneration controller for an exhaust purification apparatus (36, 38) of an engine (2) that appropriately burns particulate matter accumulated in the exhaust purification apparatus. The regeneration controller includes an ECU (70) that determines, whether an estimated accumulation amount (PMsm) of particulate matter deviates from an actual accumulation amount. When the estimated accumulation amount is less than or equal to a maximum value (BUpm) and an exhaust pressure difference (&Dgr;P/GA) is greater than a replacement reference value (Dp) the ECU replaces the estimated accumulation amount with a greater replacement amount (UPpm). This causes the estimated accumulation amount to approach or to be the same as the actual accumulation amount.

Abstract: A method are presented for monitoring an amount of ammonia stored in a urea-based SCR catalyst based on a response of a sensor coupled downstream of the catalyst to a periodic desorbtion of a small amount of ammonia. The sensor could be an ammonia sensor, or a NOx sensor whose signal is sensitive to presence of both NOx and ammonia. The method can be performed at engine start to establish initial ammonia storage amount, or, alternatively, to adjust ammonia storage amounts or diagnose degradation when NOx conversion efficiency of the catalyst is below a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method of controlling ammonia and nitric oxides production for selective catalytic reduction systems is provided. The method may include producing an ammonia-containing gas stream having an ammonia concentration. The method may further include operating an engine to continuously produce a NOx-containing gas stream having a NOx concentration. The ammonia-containing gas stream may be supplied to a first exhaust system location upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst, and the ammonia concentration may be determined at a first time. The NOx-containing gas stream may be supplied to a second exhaust system location upstream of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst, and the NOx concentration may be evaluated at a second time which is later than the first time. The NOx concentration may be adjusted based on the ammonia concentration at the first time.

Abstract: An NOx catalytic converter, which includes an NOx storage and reduction catalyst, absorbs NOx contained in exhaust gas of an engine. The absorbed NOx is deoxidized and eliminated when an NOx deoxidizing agent is supplied to the catalytic converter. An ECU determines a purifying performance of the catalytic converter based on one of an amount of supplied NOx deoxidizing agent, which is required to deoxidize and remove absorbed NOx at the NOx catalytic converter, and a parameter that correlates with the amount of the supplied NOx deoxidizing agent. The ECU prohibits the determining of the purifying performance of the catalytic converter when it is determined that supplied unburnt fuel, which is supplied to the catalytic converter, is in an excessive state.

Abstract: Provided is an emission treatment system and method for simultaneously remediating the nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter, and gaseous hydrocarbons present in diesel engine exhaust streams. The emission treatment system has an oxidation catalyst upstream of a soot filter coated with a material effective in the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx by a reductant, e.g., ammonia. Also provided is a method for disposing an SCR catalyst composition on a wall flow monolith that provides adequate catalyst loading, but does not result in unsuitable back pressures in the exhaust.

Abstract: An ECU executes (300) a program including a step (S202) of opening an electromagnetic ASV (232) while a vacuum pressure ASV (1) and a vacuum pressure ASV (2) are controlled so as to be closed, and an air pump (200) is controlled so as to be stopped in a case where an air amount GA that is an amount of air introduced into an engine (100) is equal to or larger than a predetermined air amount GA (0), and a coolant temperature TW at the starting time of the engine is equal to or higher than a predetermined coolant temperature TW (0) (“YES” in step S200); a step (S204) of detecting a pressure; a step (S206) of closing the electromagnetic ASV; and a step (S402) of determining that failure has occurred in at least one of the vacuum pressure ASV (1) and the vacuum pressure ASV (2), that is, one of the vacuum pressure ASV (1) and the vacuum pressure ASV (2) remains in an opened state and cannot be closed when there is a pulsation of the pressure that is detected while the electromagnetic ASV is opened (“YES” in step S

Abstract: Attained is a heat generative exhaust emission control device with less electric power consumption and with no harmful gas discharged to atmosphere. A porous filter body 7 for capturing particulates in exhaust gas 2 through passing of the exhaust gas 2 is provided with an electric heater 9 so as to heat the filter body 7; thus, a heat regenerative particulate filter 10 is provided. The heat regenerative particulate filters 10 are accommodated in filter casings 11 and 12 within an exhaust pipe 3, and oxidation catalysts 13 and 14 are arranged upstream and downstream of and adjacent to the heat regenerative particulate filter 10 so as to obtain thermo-keeping or heat insulation effect to the heat regenerative particulate filter 10.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an emission treatment system for the treatment and/or conversion of engine emissions and particulate matter from diesel engines. The emission treatment system of the present invention comprises an upstream oxidation catalyst, a particulate filter or soot filter section and optionally a downstream catalytic element or clean-up catalyst for the treatment and/or conversion of any remaining emission gas stream contaminants.

Abstract: An object is to make it possible to accurately detect temperature of exhaust directly flowing through a particulate filter stored in a muffler. In an exhaust emission control device with the particulate filter 9 stored in the muffler 1 which in turn is incorporated in an exhaust pipe, a recess is formed by a cup 21 at a temperature detecting area on a casing 2 of the muffler 1. The recess is concave up to a position in proximity to the particulate filter 9 in the casing 2. A temperature sensor 22 is arranged to penetrate a deepest portion of the recess formed by the cup 21.

Abstract: In a vehicle exhaust apparatus constituting an exhaust passage to an exhaust muffler from a plurality of exhaust pipes connected to a multi-cylinder engine, an expansion chamber is formed on the way of the exhaust passage and is connected to an exhaust collector portion. The expansion chamber is formed so as to expand outward from the exhaust collector portion in a substantially arc or chevron shape when viewed from a direction substantially orthogonal to an exhaust gasflow. Preferably, the expansion chamber is formed in a spherical shape and plural branched exhaust pipes are formed on the exhaust gas downstream side of the expansion chamber.

Abstract: A system for manipulating engine exhaust gases away from inhabited areas comprises an air pressurization system coupled in fluid communication to a housing. The housing is adapted to reside adjacent a terminal portion of an exhaust pipe so that pressurized air injected into the housing entrains the exhaust gases and disperses them from the housing.

Abstract: An apparatus including an exhaust gas source, such as a reciprocating internal combustion engine, industrial furnace, industrial heater, gasification reactor, and a thermochemical recuperator in which a fuel is reformed. The thermochemical recuperator is heated by exhaust gases from the reciprocating internal combustion engine and steam for the reforming process is produced by passing feed water through an engine lubricating oil heat exchanger, an engine cooling system heat recovery system and an exhaust gas heat recovery system arranged in series.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit arrangement comprising a load sensing system (LS) wherein individual loads (10,14) are arranged in series, forming a series section, and in parallel, forming a parallel section, in a hydraulic supply circuit (12) comprising at least one supply pump (P) and a runback (16) for fluid, the load sensing system (LS) determining the highest load pressure in both the series section and parallel section. The loads of the parallel section can be actuated independently from the pressure level of the loads of the series section due to the fact that the respectively highest load pressure is transferred as a control pressure to a valve unit (18) in such a way that, as long as the load pressure of the parallel section is higher than the load pressure of the series section, the valve unit restricts the runback (16) for fluid so much that the pressure of the supply pump (P) matches or exceeds the pressure required in the parallel section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydraulic jack having two serially connected pneumatic motors for powering a hydraulically activated ram piston in a jacking cylinder. By serially connecting the pneumatic motors, there is a double pump piston stroke, over a predetermined time interval, when compared to a single pump piston stroke with a single motor hydraulic jack. This structure provides the jack with increased jacking speed, when compared to similar jacks with single pneumatic motors.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus for being mounted on the body frame of a vehicle and for independently rotating drive wheel members. The axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L), the single axle (20L) defining a proximal end portion rotatably mounted in the housing (40) and a distal end portion extending outwardly from a first side of the housing (40). An enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly (22) is disposed within the enlarged region. The speed change assembly (22) includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system comprising a central controller; and a plurality of devices for capturing wave energy and converting into another form of energy; wherein the central controller is in operative communication with the plurality of devices to adjust an energy capturing capability of a device. Disclosed herein too is a method comprising determining wave conditions in a fluid media; and tuning in real-time an energy capturing device to resonate at a selected frequency present in the fluid media; wherein the energy capturing device is disposed in the fluid media.

Abstract: A system of manufacturing an actuator for driving a to-be-driven object by extension/contraction of a shape memory alloy, the system comprising: a mounting unit configured to mount the shape memory alloy between an actuator body and the to-be-driven object; and a heater configured to heat the shape memory alloy mounted by the mounting unit on a mounting path between the actuator body and the to-be-driven object to a predetermined temperature range.

Abstract: A supercharging system includes a generator having an electrical output and a power transmission mechanism having a mechanical input operatively connected to the engine and a mechanical output operatively connected to the generator. A motor is operatively connected to generator and powered by the electrical output. An air pump is operatively connected to and driven by the motor to provide charged air to the engine.

Abstract: In a method for operating an internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas energy of the internal combustion engine is increased when a variable that is characteristic of the compression of the compression device reaches a predefined value, the variable that is characteristic of the compression is the pressure ratio between the pressure downstream from the compressor and the pressure upstream from the turbine.

Abstract: A system, comprising of an internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber with a piston located therein, an intake passage coupled to the combustion chamber, wherein the intake passage supplies intake air to the combustion chamber, an adjustable compressor arranged in the intake passage upstream of the combustion chamber, a throttle arranged in the intake passage upstream of the compressor, and a controller configured to operate the engine so that, at least under some conditions, the piston compresses an air and fuel mixture within the combustion chamber to attain substantial auto-ignition of the mixture; and to increase a boosting of the compressor to increase heating of the intake air, and to decrease the boosting to decrease heating of the intake air, while throttling the intake air with the throttle.

Abstract: A device for increasing the braking power of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of a vehicle during engine braking operation including a turbosupercharger and an exhaust gas turbine for each stage thereof. A respective bypass line branches off from a region of two exhaust gas header pipes that can be blocked by throttle valves. Each bypass line communicates with a nozzle bore in a turbine wall. The nozzle bores are in a plane perpendicular to a turbine wheel axis and extend either parallel next to one another or at an acute angle to and merging with one another. The nozzle bores open out into the turbine chamber directed tangentially onto the outer portion of the turbine wheel.

Abstract: A turbocharger system having a compressor wheel including blades that define an inducer and an exducer, a compressor housing configured to receive the compressor wheel, and an impeller passage within which air is to be compressed by the blades, wherein the compressor housing forms an intake port configured to provide intake air to the inducer, and a bypass port opening into the impeller passage between the inducer and exducer. The bypass port places the impeller passage in fluid communication with the atmosphere without having a fluid interaction with the intake air. A bypass-air filter is adapted to filter air passing between the bypass port and the atmosphere, and is a portion of the intake-air filter.

Abstract: A stack system and method for in-line geothermal and hydroelectric generation from recovered natural gas-fired water/steam process waste heat. The stack system and method is a new way of reusing natural gas fired water/steam process waste heat to make more electricity from the same Btu inputs. The stack system and method uses warm industrial demineralized water from various sources, a micro-managed combined stack flue system and specific terrain to ring out every bit of energy possible from traditional, heretofore, acceptable wastes. The stack uses two marginal waste heat sources to make one significant heat source for additional fossil fuel-free generation. This stack is unique in that it incorporates tandem, geothermal and hydroelectric generators. The stack can be applied to closed-loop (Power Stack) and open-loop (Desalination Stack) processes.

Abstract: A gas turbine plant, wherein a plurality of first gas turbines positioned coaxially with compressors and a second gas turbine positioned coaxially with a generator are rotated by a coolant heated by heat energy provided by the fission of a coated particle fuel. A flow in a bypass passage is controlled by controlling the opening of bypass valves of (n?1) in quantity which bypass the first gas turbines on up to (n?1) shafts in starting. Accordingly, the rotational speeds of the first gas turbines on up to (n) shafts are increased to a rated rotational speed in order starting at the initial stage on the upstream side of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor toward the lower stage for each shaft.

Abstract: A high pressure steam turbine is connected to a high pressure steam conduit and has a high pressure turbine output shaft connected to a system power output shaft, a bleed output, and a first output conduit for the output of steam at a reduced pressure and temperature. A tuning turbine is connected to the first output conduit and has a tuning turbine output shaft connected to the system power output shaft, and a tuning turbine output conduit for the output of steam from the tuning turbine at a reduced pressure and temperature to a heat exchanger of a regenerative heater system, and further having a bleed output connected to the regenerative system.

Abstract: This invention reduces the fuel consumption of the modern day power plant by lowering the main steam condenser operating pressure. The main steam condenser is a heat exchanger located in the power plant steam system for condensing steam. The main steam enters the main steam condenser, flowing around the tubes with the coolant flowing thru the tubes, condensing the steam. This invention replaces the present condenser once thru cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system. The much lower normal temperature and greater high heat absorption rate of the refrigerant, lowers the main steam condenser operating pressure much below that of the present cooling water system. The lower condenser pressure increases steam flow, extracting more energy from the steam, increasing the plant-operating efficiency. This invention combines the conventional steam cycle with the conventional refrigeration cycle. The refrigerant compressor is driven by the main steam turbine which creates the binary cycle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas turbine combustion chamber with a combustion chamber wall 1, with at least part of the combustion chamber wall 1 being provided with a liquid-cooling system.

Abstract: A mixer assembly for a gas turbine engine, including: a primary fuel injector having a central axis for injecting a primary fuel spray into a primary air stream, wherein fuel is provided at a desired rate and droplets of the fuel spray are within a desired size range; a secondary fuel injector positioned radially outwardly of the primary fuel injector for injecting a secondary fuel spray into a secondary air stream spaced radially outwardly of and surrounding the primary air stream; and, a primary air jet positioned between the primary fuel injector and the secondary fuel injector to direct a portion of an incoming air stream between the primary air stream and the secondary air stream.

Abstract: A combustor swirler for a gas turbine engine and method of manufacturing by injection moulding an inner component and an outer cylindrical component. Indentations are moulded in of the inner and outer component and sealed by the engagement of the components together to form a series of fluid flow passages.

Abstract: A fuel supply assembly for a gas turbine engine including a manifold portion with a transfer conduit, a fuel nozzle with an entry conduit and disconnectable means for retaining the transfer and entry conduits in mating engagement with one another.

Abstract: A method for cooling an igniter lead is provided. The method includes coupling an assembly to the igniter lead such that a portion of the assembly rotates circumferentially around the igniter lead, and channeling cooling air through the assembly to facilitate cooling the igniter lead.

Abstract: A turbine system is provided including a plurality of gas turbine engines, each having a compressor section for producing compressed air, a combustor section, and a turbine section yielding hot exhaust gas. A single, common recuperator section is shared by and operatively associated with the plurality of gas turbine engines. A first flow path within the single, common recuperator section is configured to receive compressed air produced by the compressor section of each gas turbine engine. A second flow path, separated from the first flow path and within the single, common recuperator section is configured to receive hot exhaust gases yielded by the turbine section of each gas turbine engine.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine swirler/nozzle apparatus has a swirler having a central axis and a nozzle. The nozzle has an outlet end with a plurality of outlets about said axis and having an asymmetry about said axis. The apparatus may be formed as a reengineering of a baseline apparatus having a symmetric nozzle.

Abstract: A method of controlling wheelspace temperature in a gas turbine comprising: (a) extracting air from a compressor used to supply compressed air to the gas turbine for combustion; (b) supplying air extracted in step (a) to the wheelspaces in the gas turbine; and (c) controlling flow of air supplied in step (b) to achieve a desired wheelspace temperature.

Abstract: It is known that power is normally extracted within a gas turbine engine from a shaft in order to drive auxiliary devices such as electrical power generators. With high extraction rates from such shafts there is mismatching in rotational speeds between the shafts which must be adjusted through leakage taken from valves 8, 9. By measuring parameters and in particular pressure at a number of positions or parts within an engine arrangement 1 and comparing those parameters either through ratios or directly with reference values a controller can be configured in order to choose the correct sequence and scheduling of the valves 8, 9 opening to balance shaft speed. In such circumstances more efficient operation of the engine arrangement can be achieved over a wider range of engine speeds including idling.

Abstract: A cogeneration system is provided which is capable of reliably switching a bypass damper even if a supply of electric power is shut off in an abnormal state etc. and which is unlikely to leak exhaust gas and is cost-effective even if it is increased in size. To this end, an exhaust gas path (10) for introducing exhaust gas from a gas turbine (2) into an exhaust-heat-recovery heat exchanger (8) is provided with a bypass path (11) and an inlet of the bypass path (11) is provided with a bypass damper (12) which is controlled so as to be opened and closed by an air cylinder driven by compressed air from the compressor (3).

Abstract: A method for assembling a gas turbine engine assembly includes providing a core gas turbine engine including a high-pressure compressor, a combustor, and a high-pressure turbine, and coupling a low-pressure compressor between the core gas turbine engine and a motor such that the low-pressure compressor is driven only by the motor.

Abstract: A fuel lubrication additive injection system for fuel-lubricated gas turbine engines utilises high-pressure air developed by the engine to transfer stored fuel lubricant additive into the engine fuel stream that lubricates engine bearings.

Abstract: An assembly for sealingly mounting a device in a hole in a pressure vessel casing, the assembly transferring a load produced by pressurized fluid to the casing and retaining the stem to the casing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for driving auxiliary machines of a double-shaft turbine engine with an LP shaft and an HP shaft, the said machines being installed in an accessory gearbox comprising a common drive shaft. The device is characterized in that it comprises a differential gear with a first input shaft and a second input shaft and an output shaft, the first shaft being connected via a selective coupling either to the LP shaft or to the HP shaft, the second input shaft being connected to the HP shaft, and the output shaft being connected to the drive shaft of the gearbox.