Abstract: A modulation system and method having a high linearity. The system is a PWM modulator or a class D amplifier and includes an integrator, a low pass filter (LPF), a comparator, and an output circuit. The LPF is located before the comparator. Jitter noise produced by the comparator and/or switching noise of the output circuit are removed by feedback to the input. Thus, the linearity of the modulation system is provided.

Abstract: A power amplifier (power amplifier) having multiple solid state sub-amplifiers connected in parallel between the power amplifier input and the power amplifier output are described. The signal input to the power amplifier is provided to an RF splitter connected between the power amplifier input connector and the input of each of the sub-amplifiers The RF splitter splits the input power from the signal input and provides the power to the sub-amplifier inputs through input electrical paths. The input electrical paths from the power amplifier input to the sub-amplifiers are substantially physically identical. Each of the sub-amplifiers drive an input of an RF combiner connected between the outputs of the sub-amplifiers and the output of the power amplifier. The RF combiner combines the output power from each of the sub-amplifiers through output electrical paths, and provides the combined power to the power amplifier output.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to provide increased current to a cascode amplifier to maximize slew rate are disclosed. The amplifier has a first input coupled to an input switch and a load circuit for amplifying an input voltage on the first input. A slewing input voltage to the amplifier is detected. Current is increased to the load circuit to increase the slew rate of an output voltage.

Abstract: In an amplifier including first and second power supply terminals, first and second output terminals, a first load connected between the first power supply terminal and the first output terminal, a second load connected between the first power supply terminal and the second output terminal, a constant current source connected to the second power supply terminal, a first transistor connected between the first output terminal and the constant current source, a control terminal of the first transistor being adapted to receive an input voltage, and a second transistor connected between the second output terminal and the constant current source, a control terminal of the second transistor being adapted to receive a reference voltage, an amplification and output impedance switching circuit is connected between the first and second output terminals, so that the amplifier and output impedance switching circuit controls an amplification and output impedance of the amplifier in accordance with a control signal.

Abstract: A variable gain amplifier includes signal amplifying transistor and first and second gain control transistors at output and non-output sides, whose emitters are connected to collector of signal amplifying transistor. The amplifier includes non-output load provided between collector of second gain control transistor and a power source, and equal to output load connected between collector of first gain control transistor and the power source. The amplifier includes non-output side negative feedback path provided between collector of second gain control transistor and an input terminal of signal amplifying transistor, and formed in same circuit form with same circuit constant as a negative feedback path running from an output terminal of first gain control transistor to the input terminal. The amplifier includes current dividing circuit which divides biasing currents between the two paths to flow the currents at same ratio as the current division ratio between first and second gain control transistors.

Abstract: A bias generation circuit for biasing a differential amplifier is disclosed. The bias generation circuit is coupled to the differential amplifier. After determining a common-mode voltage of a pair of differential outputs from the differential amplifier, the bias generation circuit generates a bias voltage, which is proportional to the determined common-mode voltage, to the differential amplifier such that the common-mode input voltage range of the differential amplifier is extended to as far as the rail-to-rail voltage.

Abstract: A power amplifier (power amplifier) having multiple solid state sub-amplifiers connected in parallel between the power amplifier input and the power amplifier output are described. The signal input to the power amplifier is provided to an RF splitter connected between the power amplifier input connector and the input of each of the sub-amplifiers. The RF splitter splits the input power from the signal input and provides the power to the sub-amplifier inputs through input electrical paths. The input electrical paths from the power amplifier input to the sub-amplifiers are substantially physically identical. Each of the sub-amplifiers drive an input of an RF combiner connected between the outputs of the sub-amplifiers and the output of the power amplifier. The RF combiner combines the output power from each of the sub-amplifiers through output electrical paths, and provides the combined power to the power amplifier output.

Abstract: This invention relates to a phase-locked loop circuit and a data reproduction apparatus, which can reduce a processing time that is required for initial adjustment in the data reproduction apparatus. In a digital data reproduction apparatus having two control functions, i.e., phase and duty adjustments for binarized data, the phase comparison with one edge is performed only at the phase adjustment by means of a phase-locked loop circuit 33 having an edge switching means 4 which controls the phase comparator 1. The phase comparator 1 inputs the binarized and a bit synchronous clock, and switches the output between a comparison result with one edge, i.e., a rising edge or a falling edge of binarized data, and a comparison result with both edges.

Abstract: A novel circuit for obtaining the bandwidth of a phase-locked loop circuit is disclosed. The circuit adjusts a phase of a signal (reference or generated), causing the phase-locked loop circuit to adjust the frequency of its voltage-controlled oscillator as it recovers a phase lock. The circuit times the duration of the recovery stage, from which the loop bandwidth may be obtained. Adjustments to the programmable portions of the phase-locked loop may then be made in accordance with design specifications.

Abstract: An electromagnetic-wave oscillator includes a substrate, an EMW oscillating unit including a gain portion, an EMW resonance portion, an EMW radiating portion, and a ground (GND) portion, and a supplying unit for supplying electric power to the EMW oscillating unit. The ground portion regulates a predetermined reference electric potential for the gain portion, the EMW resonance portion, and the EMW radiating portion. The EMW oscillating unit is disposed on a first surface of the substrate. The supplying unit is disposed on a second surface of the substrate extending on an opposite side to the first surface. The EMW oscillating unit and the supplying unit are electrically connected via a penetrating electrode formed in the substrate.

Abstract: A signal generating circuit includes a relaxation oscillator operating to alternately generate a first ramp signal that is periodic at a frequency of the relaxation oscillator and a second ramp signal that is periodic at the frequency of the relaxation oscillator and is out of phase with respect to the first ramp signal The first ramp signal is compared to a first reference voltage and the state of a first flip-flop is changed if the first ramp signal exceeds the first reference voltage. The second ramp signal is compared to the first reference voltage and the state of a second flip-flop is changed if the second ramp signal exceeds the first reference voltage. The first flip-flop is reset in response to a first level of the first ramp signal and the second flip-flop is reset in response to a second level of the second ramp signal.

Abstract: Position sensor circuits are disclosed for use with variable reluctance sensors. Variable reluctance sensors are described for linear, angular and rotary position measurement and for acceleration measurement.

Abstract: An integrated differential oscillator circuit is provided, which has an amplifier circuit with an input and an output, a frequency-selective feedback network with a first inductor and a second inductor, and a DC power supply. The oscillator circuit is distinguished in that the output is transformer-coupled to the input through the first inductor and the second inductor of the feedback network, wherein the output is connected to a first DC voltage through the first inductor and a first DC path, and the input is connected to a second DC voltage of the DC power supply through the second inductor and a second DC path.

Abstract: A ?-flap type nano/micro mechanical device with a lower electrode 1,1a, 1b, an upper electrode layer 2, an dielectric layer 3 arranged between the lower electrode 1,1a,1b and the upper layer 2, such that the dielectric layer 3 and said upper electrode layer—2 form a layered body 4, the layered body 4 comprising a horizontal recess 5 in a side portion of the dielectric layer 3, and an overhanging portion 6 of reduced thickness over the recess 5 that forms a gap 5a; such that the overhanging portion 6 forms a ?-flap 6a which extends over the gap 5a. The device is a capacitative-based device in which the mechanical motion can be measured at room temperature and without monolithic integration thereof with an integrated circuit but that can be easily integrated with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuitry.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit includes a current source comprising an amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third inverter whose input and output are connected and coupled with an input of the amplifier. The amplifier is configured to generate a first current flowing through the first resistor and the second resistor.

Abstract: Resonant circuit arrangement, method for operating such a resonant circuit arrangement, and use of the latter A resonant circuit arrangement for generating an Amplitude-shift-keyed and/or frequency-shift-keyed Signal comprises a capacitive storage element (1) and an inductive storage element (2). A first terminal (11) of the capacitive storage element (1) is connected to a terminal for providing a control voltage and a second terminal (12) is connected to a terminal for a reference potential (Vss). A first terminal (21) of the inductive storage element (2) is connected or can be connected to a terminal for the reference potential (Vss). In addition, provision is made of a first switch (3) which can be used to connect a second terminal (22) of the inductive storage element (2) to a terminal for the reference potential (Vss), and a second switch (4) which can be used to connect the second terminal (22) of the inductive storage element (2) to the first terminal (11) of the capacitive storage element (1).

Abstract: An antenna oscillator includes a first strip line type resonator and a second resonator functioning as an antenna. The first resonator is fabricated by stacking a first conductor onto a grounding conductor with a first dielectric part including a gain part therebetween. The second resonator is fabricated by stacking a second conductor, emitting electromagnetic waves to the exterior, onto the first resonator with a second dielectric part therebetween so as to function as an antenna with the configuration between the grounding conductor and the second conductor. The first conductor and the second conductor are separated from each other in a stacking direction with the second dielectric part or the second dielectric part and the grounding conductor therebetween. The first resonator and the second resonator are electromagnetically connected together so as to form a resonance circuit that makes the electromagnetic waves resonate.

Abstract: An IQ modulator's performance is optimized through determination of suitable control parameters by the application of known DC biases as the I and Q inputs. Also known are the relative amplitude and actual phase of the sine and cosine carriers to be modulated before they are summed. It is shown that by measuring an RMS voltage Atotal an appropriate number of times for a related combination of the applied DC biases in conjunction with the other known input parameters, a number of behavior parameters that are indicative of mixer performance can be discovered through analysis, such as the solution of a system of linear equations. The combination of behavior parameters may be assigned a Figure Of Merit (FOM) that can be taken as an indication of the degree to which mixer operation approaches ideal behavior. The control parameters may be perturbed over a selected range, and the extraction of the behavior parameters repeated.

Abstract: A dielectric substrate includes a filter unit, a non-balance/balance conversion unit, and a connection unit for electrically connecting the filter unit to the non-balance/balance conversion unit which are formed in the dielectric substrate. A first resonator has an electrode formed on the main surface of a fourth dielectric layer and a via hole penetrating through a first to a third dielectric layers and connecting the electrode to a grounding electrode. A second resonator has an electrode formed on the main surface of the fourth dielectric layer and a via hole penetrating through the first to the third dielectric layers and connecting the electrode to the grounding electrode.

Abstract: A power amplifier (power amplifier) having multiple solid state sub-amplifiers connected in parallel between the power amplifier input and the power amplifier output are described. The signal input to the power amplifier is provided to an RF splitter connected between the power amplifier input connector and the input of each of the sub-amplifiers. The RF splitter splits the input power from the signal input and provides the power to the sub-amplifier inputs through input electrical paths. The input electrical paths from the power amplifier input to the sub-amplifiers are substantially physically identical. Each of the sub-amplifiers drive an input of an RF combiner connected between the outputs of the sub-amplifiers and the output of the power amplifier. The RF combiner combines the output power from each of the sub-amplifiers through output electrical paths, and provides the combined power to the power amplifier output.

Abstract: A directional coupler having a first structure with distributed lines having a first conductive line intended to convey a main signal between two end terminals and having a second conductive line, coupled to the first one, intended to convey a secondary signal proportional to the main signal; and a second structure with local elements including, between a first terminal of the coupler intended to extract the secondary signal and a first end of the second line, two attenuators in series between which is interposed a low-pass filter and, between a second terminal of the coupler and the second end of the second line, at least one attenuator.

Abstract: A power amplifier (power amplifier) having multiple solid state sub-amplifiers connected in parallel between the power amplifier input and the power amplifier output are described. The signal input to the power amplifier is provided to an RF splitter connected between the power amplifier input connector and the input of each of the sub-amplifiers. The RF splitter splits the input power from the signal input and provides the power to the sub-amplifier inputs through input electrical paths. The input electrical paths from the power amplifier input to the sub-amplifiers are substantially physically identical. Each of the sub-amplifiers drive an input of an RF combiner connected between the outputs of the sub-amplifiers and the output of the power amplifier. The RF combiner combines the output power from each of the sub-amplifiers through output electrical paths, and provides the combined power to the power amplifier output.

Abstract: RF telemetry for an active medical device such as active implant or programmer for such implant. The device includes at least one RF antenna (14), and at least one RF telemetry transmitter/receiver (44) with, for coupling to the antenna, an associated band rejection filter (54). The band rejection filter (54) comprises at least one volume acoustic wave BAW resonator (40) of the SMR type with insulation by Bragg acoustic reflector (42). The device can be a multi-band device comprising a plurality of RF transmitters/receivers (12, 44) operating in respective distinct bands of frequencies such as the 402˜405-MHz, 863˜870-MHz, 902˜928-MHz and 2.4-GHz bands or by UWB transmission.

Abstract: A ceramic monoblock filter including a direct signal path defined by at least four spaced-apart through-hole resonators in combination with ground bars extending between the through-hole resonators and a separate quadruplet cross-coupling alternate signal path defined by two conductive pads located adjacent the first and fourth ones of the through-hole resonators respectively and a separate external bridge member which interconnects and couples the two pads. The bridge member is preferably made of a material having a lower dielectric constant than the block of the filter. In one embodiment, the filter is a monoblock duplexer filter comprising respective transmit and receive sections each including at least four of the through-hole resonators, the ground bars, the two pads, and the bridge member. In the duplexer embodiment, additional through-hole resonators may define shunt zeros.

Abstract: A transmission line includes a signal conductor and at least one varactor diode capacitively coupled to the signal conductor. The transmission line's signal path delay is a function of its shunt capacitance, and the varactor's capacitance forms a part of the transmission line's shunt capacitance. The transmission line's signal path delay is adjusted by adjusting a control voltage across the varactor diode thereby to adjust the varactor diode's capacitance.

Abstract: A thin film piezoelectric resonator includes: a substrate having an opening portion which passes through from a top surface to a bottom surface of the substrate, and an aperture which is provided distant from the opening portion; a resonance section having a lower electrode provided on the opening portion of the substrate, a piezoelectric film provided on the lower electrode and an upper electrode opposed to the lower electrode across the piezoelectric film; a cover layer; and a resin layer provided on the cover layer. The cover layer covers the resonance section through a cavity which is formed above the upper electrode. The cavity is connected to the aperture.

Abstract: Film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs) stacked FBARs (SBARS) including at least two curved edges are disclosed.

Abstract: A filter includes multiple piezoelectric thin-film resonators each having a substrate, a lower electrode formed on the substrate, a piezoelectric film formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode provided on the piezoelectric film so that the upper electrode and the lower electrode face each other across the piezoelectric film. The multiple piezoelectric thin-film resonators include a first resonator in which at least a part of an outer curved portion of the piezoelectric film of the first resonator is located further out than an outer curved portion of a region in which the upper electrode and the lower electrode face each other across the piezoelectric film.

Abstract: A film bulk acoustic resonator includes a substrate; an acoustic reflector portion formed on the substrate; and an acoustic resonator portion including a lower electrode, a piezoelectric film, and an upper electrode which are sequentially stacked on the acoustic reflector portion, An uppermost layer of the acoustic reflector portion which is in contact with the acoustic resonator portion has a root-mean-square roughness of approximately 1 nm or less.

Abstract: Between the two acoustic tracks of a SAW filter constructed on the surface of a piezoelectric substrate, a metallic shielding structure is positioned and connected to ground in order to shield two transducers positioned in different tracks. In this way crosstalk within a filter is prevented and the stop-band selection is improved.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave filter includes an acoustic track bounded by reflectors, at least a first input transducer and at least a second input transducer acoustically coupled to the acoustic track that are connected in parallel and connected to an asymmetric input port, at least two first output transducers acoustically coupled to the acoustic track that are connected in parallel and connected to a first terminal of a symmetric output port, and at least two second output transducers acoustically coupled to the acoustic track that are connected in parallel and connected to a second terminal of a symmetric output. Each first output transducer in the acoustic track and corresponding second output transducers are side-by-side and are electrically connected in series via a first bus bar.

Abstract: An electrical connector including a lead frame assembly of a first dielectric material that includes a pocket filled with a second dielectric material. A first ground reference, which may be either a ground contact or conductor or a virtual ground defined between signal contacts of a differential signal pair, extends in the first dielectric material and has a first physical length. A second ground reference having a different physical length than the first length extends in the first dielectric material and also through the pocket. The combination of the length of the second ground reference through the pocket along with the difference in the dielectric constants associated with the first and second dielectric materials, provides for equalizing or matching the electrical lengths of these two references having different physical lengths. This may aid in reducing slot-line mode of a co-planar waveguide.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a method, comprising minimizing non-linear distortion effects in a circuit by applying tuning voltages within a predetermined voltage range to a plurality of oppositely oriented tunable capacitors within the circuit, thereby reducing the non-linear distortion effects. An embodiment of the present invention may further comprise applying an RF voltage within specified limits and wherein the predetermined voltage range may be determined so the combined capacitance of the plurality of tunable capacitors within the circuit remains essentially constant. Further, the predetermined voltage range may be derived by a CV curve that results in a constant total capacitance with no non-linear distortion.

Abstract: A securing means is used for keeping closed and releasing, as well as monitoring the state of a part which clears or blocks access to a hazard space. The securing means comprises an electromagnet and an armature for closing the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet. Furthermore the securing means comprises a power supply circuit in which a transistor for connecting a voltage source to the magnetic coil and for separating the voltage source from the magnetic coil and a measuring resistor are present. Furthermore it comprises an evaluation device for measuring the voltage drop over the measuring resistor and for evaluating this current measurement. Because the measuring resistor is also located in the magnetic coil circuit, a coil current can be measured which occurs simply within the coil circuit. Therefore it can be monitored using this current whether during operation the armature is lifted off the core; this induces a current rise in the coil circuit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method using a current to control a switch, using a switch, comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, positioned within the magnetic range of a magnetic field produced by an electric current passing through a path, whereupon at least either the first electrode or the second electrode responds to the magnetism due to magnetic field variation, whereat the first electrode and the second electrode come in mutual contact or separate by means of the magnetic variation, thereby enabling controlling the switch.

Abstract: An improved ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) receptacle with reverse wiring protection. If the power lines are incorrectly connected to the load end of the receptacle during installation, power output to both the input end of the receptacle and the insertion outlets on the faceplate is prevented. The GFCI receptacle includes two stationary terminals on two first output conductors electrically connected to the insertion outlet, two stationary terminals on two second output conductors adapted for electrically connecting to the load, and four moveable terminal on two moveable connector arm adapted for electrically connecting to the power lines. The four moveable terminals corresponds in position to the four stationary terminals, respectively, and operate to electrical connect or disconnect the power lines to and from the load and the insertion outlet in a manner controlled by a disconnecting mechanism assembly and a reverse wiring protection mechanism.

Abstract: An exemplary securing means has an electromagnet which has a core, a coil and a yoke which can be moved away from the core and which closes the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet. This securing means is provided with an electrical or electronic switching device which responds to a magnetic field for monitoring of the magnetic field in the magnetic circuit. This switching device taps the core or the yoke at two sites which are spaced apart from one another in the lengthwise direction of the magnetic flux. Thus, the switching device reacts distinctly to the gap width between the core and the yoke. For example, a reed switch drops out at a gap width of 0.02 mm, but is clearly activated when the magnetic circuit is closed.

Abstract: A contact system for energizing an electromagnetic engine includes a fixed first contact set connected to an electrical power source and having an axial face and a first electrical connector disposed on at least a portion of the axial face. The contact system includes a rotatable second contact set having an axial face adjacent the axial face of the first contact set and a plurality of spaced apart second electrical connectors extending along the axial face. The second electrical connectors are connected to a set of electromagnetic coils and energize a predetermined number of the electromagnetic coils when the second electrical connectors engage with the first electrical connector during rotation of the second contact set. The present invention also provides an electromagnetic engine having a housing, a first contact set, a controller, and stator ring and rotor assemblies that produce an electromotive force to spin a shaft of the engine.

Abstract: A reed switch apparatus utilizes one or more reed switches to communicate with one or more devices. In one configuration, the reed switch apparatus utilizes a single magnetic field to, simultaneously activate two or more reed switches. In another configuration, two or more reed switches, each acting independent of one another are simultaneously activated by a single magnetic field. Additionally, a method of controlling at least two devices includes exposing a reed switch apparatus to a single magnetic field. Yet another method includes activating a device via the use of a single reed switch mounted to a portion of a warehouse structure.

Abstract: An improved circuit breaker for electric panelboards is configured to facilitate replacement of an existing circuit breaker when its buss bar mount is damaged due to circuit overload or other fault conditions. The improved circuit breaker has an extension section that extends the breaker housing to a buss bar connector on a distally positioned buss bar and an electrical connector in the extension section that engages the distal bar connector thereon. The improved circuit breaker is provided with a cavity on the bottom side thereof that is sized and configured to substantially straddle the damaged buss bar connector on the proximally positioned buss bar, to which the replaced circuit breaker was originally connected. In an alternative embodiment, preferably configured for twin or quad circuit breakers, a second electrical connector is provided in the cavity to engage a non-damaged proximal bar connector to better divide the electrical draw between buss bars.

Abstract: A set is disclosed with a position sensor and an exciter part. The position sensor has three reed contacts which are pointed parallel to one another in a triangle arrangement next to one another, of which the first two are used for doubled detection of the exciter magnetic field. The third reed contact is used to generate an error signal when the sensor is activated by means of an outside magnetic field. The exciter part has three permanent magnets which are arranged in a triangle arrangement which corresponds to the triangle arrangement of the reed contacts, with pole axes aligned parallel to one another. Of them, the first two magnets are pointed in the same direction and are located at a first distance to one another. The third magnet is polarized in the direction opposite the first two. This results in that only the two make contacts can be activated by the two bar magnets which are pointed in the same direction. Conversely, all three reed contacts are activated each by an outside magnetic field.

Abstract: A bi-stable magnetic switch assembly is provided that comprises a stator and a rotor, which is configured for rotation with respect to the stator between a first latched position and a second latched position. The stator and the rotor cooperate to form a first magnetic path and a magnetic path having a shared portion. A spring, which is coupled to the rotor, biases the rotor toward the first and second latched positions when the rotor is in the second and first latched positions, respectively. At least one magnet is fixedly coupled to either the stator or the rotor. The magnet is included within the first magnetic path and configured to produce a magnetic latching force that biases the rotor toward first latched position when the rotor is closer to the first latched position than to the second latched position, and toward the second latched position when the rotor is closer to the second latched position than to the first latched position.

Abstract: A container is described that is particularly suitable for use as a shim tray. An integral hinged lid and resilient member minimises the number of components that need to be handled during shimming of a superconducting electromagnet. The resilient member dispenses with the need for a selection of packers in order to retain the shims within the container. A slot allows shims to be inserted and retained by the member without removing the lid.

Abstract: A magnetic separator with permanent magnets includes a ferromagnetic member (2) for the circuit connection between at least two magnetic poles (3C) made up of ferrite magnets (12) in the bottom portion in contact with said ferromagnetic member (2) for the circuit connection, and of rare earth magnets (13) in the top portion that represents the entrance/exit surface (14) of the magnetic flux lines (15, 16). The ratio between the effective magnetic length of the ferrite magnets (12) and of the rare earth magnets (13) is preferably 2:1, and the preferred materials are strontium ferrite for the former and iron-boron-neodymium for the latter. In this way it is possible to combine the magnetic characteristics of the two types of permanent magnets so as to make them complementary and thus enhance the attractive effectiveness of the separator both for ferromagnetic materials with high or low shape factor, and for materials with high or low and sometimes very low permeability.

Abstract: An inductor (100) includes a magnetic core (30) and an insulative housing (10). The magnetic core has a wire wound (40) around a central portion (33) thereof, a projecting portion (31) formed on a lower end thereof and a stepped-portion (321) extending downwardly from the projecting portion. The insulative housing encloses the stepped-portion and the projecting portion of magnetic core to thereby integrate the insulative housing and the magnetic core together by insert molding.

Abstract: An electric device includes: a housing; a plurality of conductive leads provided on the housing; at least one coil unit disposed in the housing, electrically connected to the conductive leads, and including a core and an enameled wire wound around the core; and a heat insulator disposed in the housing and covering at least one side of the coil unit. A method for producing an electric device includes the steps of: providing a housing confining an inner space therein and provided with a plurality of conductive leads thereon; disposing at least one coil unit in the inner space of the housing, and electrically connecting the coil unit to the conductive leads, the coil unit having a core and an enamelled wire wound around the core; and mounting a heat insulator in the inner space of the housing for covering one side of the coil unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measurement transmitter for operation in a process plant. The enclosure of the measurement transmitter comprises two mutually separate containers (11, 12), where the transducer for converting the process-related, physical variable into an appropriate electrical variable is housed in the one container (11), and an electronic circuit (22) is arranged in the other container (12). The two containers (11, 12) have complimentary screw threads (51, 52) to each other, and are screwed together directly. The screw connection of the two containers (11, 12) comprises a transformer made up of two parts (31, 32), whose parts (31, 32) each comprise a winding (41, 42) connected to the circuitry (21, 22) of the respective container (11, 12).

Abstract: A toroidal inductive device has an electrical winding component (11) of generally toroidal shape and discrete magnetic components (12) shaped as toric sections. The discrete magnetic components (12) are arranged on the electrical winding component such that the discrete magnetic components (12) are offset circumferentially from each other and at least partially embrace the electrical winding component (11). The magnetic components (12) define magnetic flux gaps in meridional planes. A method for forming a magnetic component is also provided wherein magnetic wire is wound onto a toroidal electrical winding component without the need for passing a spool through a central opening of the toroid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a current sensor, that is, an open of a C-type core of the current sensor is capable of fastening a PCB in order to dispose the core on the PCB perpendicularly. The PCB is then elongated to an inner surface of the core so as to firmly support the core and enlarge a welding area for the convenience of welding. A front bending portion of the core is properly opposite to a Hall sensing component, and a plurality of terminals of the Hall sensing component can be bended after welding to facilitate that the Hall sensing component embeds a slot of the PCB. Therefore, the advantages of easy manufacturing and fast and stable assembly is achieved; further that, the open of the C-type core is smaller, and the magnetic flux impedance may be smaller due to the C-type core is closer to the Hall sensing component.

Abstract: A system and method utilize a redistribution layer in a flip-chip or wirebond package, which is also used to route signals to bumps, as a layer for the construction of an on-chip inductor or a layer of a multiple-layer on-chip inductor. In one example, the redistribution layer is surrounded by dual-layer passivation to protect it, and the inductor formed thereby, from the environment and isolate it, and the inductor formed thereby, from the metal layer beneath it.