Abstract: A bending brake assembly for manually bending pieces of sheet metal material including a base (20) supporting a plurality of c-shaped members (22). Each c-shaped member (22) presents opposing clamping surfaces (24) for receiving a sheet metal material between the clamping surfaces (24). The assembly also includes a bending member (26) and a socket connection (28) rotatably supporting the bending member (26) on the base (20) for bending a piece of sheet metal material disposed between the clamping surfaces (24). The socket connection (28) includes a male portion (30) and a female portion (32) in sliding engagement with one another. A bearing strip (34) is sandwiched between the male portion (30) and the female portion (32) for facilitating relative movement between the male portion (30) and the female portion (32).

Abstract: A mechanical timepiece has a plurality of divisional segments divided in a movable manner, a driving source operable to produce a driving rotation for moving the divisional segments, an ornamental portion to be exposed by outward movement of the divisional segments, and a plurality of driving mechanisms operable to move the divisional segments and rotate them about their axes so as to change an exposure state of the ornamental portion by using the driving rotation transmitted from the driving source.

Abstract: A press tool for closed die forging a blank into a product is described. Said tool including upper and lower centre members and first and second side members. Said members define a cavity with the form of the product. In a two-step closed die forge process the blank is placed between said upper and lower centre members. The first and second side members are forced against the blank horizontally upsetting the outer edges of the blank. Then, the centre members are forced vertically into the blank, until the material in the blank has substantially filled the cavity.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a aluminum pipe production method comprising an extrusion step for obtaining an aluminum raw pipe (10) and a drawing step for executing a drawing process of the aluminum raw pipe (10). Before executing the drawing step a slug removing step for removing aluminum slugs (1) adhering to a surface of the aluminum raw pipe (10) is executed by rubbing off the aluminum slugs (1). This can provide an aluminum pipe production method capable of preventing generation of defect protrusions while improving the productivity.

Abstract: An expanding tool includes a housing having a passage, an expanding device attached to the housing and having a number of expanding segments for engaging with and for expanding a pipe, an expanding mandrel is slidably engaged in the housing and includes a conically tapering end engageable into a conical bore of the expanding segments for moving the expanding segments to expand the pipe, an actuating lever includes an upper portion engageable into a groove of the expanding mandrel and pivotally attached to the housing with a shaft, the actuating lever includes two cam members for moving the expanding mandrel to expand the pipe, and for retracting the expanding mandrel from the housing.

Abstract: A workpiece gripper arrangement for the automatization of presses, including a transfer arrangement for transferring components between workstations, the transfer arrangement includes a girder or carrier with gripper means for holding the components and the gripper means is supported via coupling parts of which one is connected to the girder and the other to the gripper means and a mechanical locking structure is provided which is operable by relative movement of the coupling arrangement with respect to a support frame on which the gripper means can be deposited.

Abstract: A hold-down device is provided for securing graphic arts die plates or die to flat bed or rotary chases having a series of generally cylindrical, hold-down device-receiving cavities. The chase cavities have an innermost portion of greater diameter than the outermost portion of the cavity, presenting a downwardly-facing shoulder therebetween. The device, which is adapted to be inserted in one of the cavities, has a pair of opposed, generally semi-circular anchor members. A fulcrum component positioned between the anchor members has a generally circular fulcrum section received in respective, opposed internal grooves in the anchor members. A lock ring that interconnects the ends of the members remote from the fulcrum section, biases those ends toward one another. When the device is installed in a cavity, the ends of the anchor members are forced toward one another to an extent that the device will fit within the outermost portion of the cavity.

Abstract: A system tests the functionality of a sensor device which is formed by way of at least one sensor element and is connected to a first evaluation unit in order to generate a signal indicating an impact. A second evaluation unit that is connected to the sensor device is provided for testing the functionality of the sensor device. The evaluation units are connected to a central control unit so as to trigger a pedestrian protecting device while being synchronized in such a way that the evaluation units trigger the sensor device in a time-multiplexing mode of operation.

Abstract: The current invention provides a modulated pressure wave vapor generator suitable for use outside of the laboratory. The vapor generator of the current invention produces a controlled analyte vapor sample without using bulk movement of gas. Additionally, the current invention compensates for changes in the environment to ensure discharge of the preferred volume of analyte from the vapor generator. Finally, the current invention provides a method for generating a controlled volume of analyte vapor suitable for calibrating vapor sensors.

Abstract: A three-axial acceleration sensor inspection device is provided for inspecting a three-axial acceleration sensor that detects acceleration components in three axes crossing perpendicularly with each other and outputs acceleration component signals. The three-axial acceleration sensor inspection device includes a test plate for mounting the three-axial acceleration sensor thereon; a supporting plate for supporting and rotating the test plate; a main rotational shaft for rotating the supporting plate. The supporting plate is arranged radially around the main rotational shaft along a radius direction of the main rotational shaft, and is disposed at each of at least four locations with an equal angular interval along a circumferential direction of the main rotational shaft.

Abstract: A sensor apparatus and method include a sensor configured on an integrated circuit, which includes a current limiting open collector output stage configured in association with the integrated circuit. The current limiting open collector output stage reduces a fall time and a di/dt associated with an output signal of the sensor and a ringing produced thereof in order to improve EMC and conducted emissions required of the sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gas detection method and detection apparatus that provide better sensitivity and faster recovery after response than conventional gas detection methods and apparatus, by improving on these conventional methods and apparatus. The present invention is a gas detection method, in which the target gas is detected while oxygen is supplied to a sensor element 11a of a metal oxide-type gas sensor 11, wherein the target gas is detected while water vapor is supplied to the sensor element 11a, and is also a gas detection apparatus equipped with an oxygen supply means 14 for supplying oxygen to a sensor element 11a of a metal oxide-type gas sensor 11, said gas detection apparatus being provided with a water vapor supply means 15 for supplying water vapor to the sensor element 11a.

Abstract: A chemical analysis method for detecting, identifying and reporting contraband, illegal drugs, explosives, toxic chemicals, decaying animal and vegetable matter, and concealed human beings located in secure spaces such as cargo shipping containers. Chemical analysis results are accumulated and added to effect definitive analyses over extended periods of time while the containers are in transit. Individual containers are equipped with a device employing the method. The analysis method consists of accumulation and addition of analytical chemical instrumentation, measurements of trace quantities of target chemical vapors inside of shipping containers while the containers are in transit.

Abstract: A sensor is described for determining a physical property of a gas that is to be measured, especially the pressure, the temperature or the concentration of a gas component in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, which has a sensor element supported in a sensor housing whose gas-sensitive sensor section protrudes from the sensor housing, and has a protective tube that surrounds the sensor section. In order to achieve an effective protection of the gas-sensitive sensor section from water drops and solid substances included in the exhaust gas, in conjunction with cost-effective production of the protective tube, protective tube is developed spiral-shaped, yielding a tube wall that is spiral-shaped in cross section.

Abstract: An abnormality determination device of a cylinder pressure sensor calculates a gain (sensing sensitivity coefficient) and an offset (bias) indicating an output characteristic of the cylinder pressure sensor. The device determines existence or nonexistence of an abnormality in the gain and the offset respectively. When the device determines that the abnormality exists, the device performs failsafe processing set in modes different from each other between the case of the abnormality in the gain and the case of the abnormality in the offset. As the failsafe processing in the case of the abnormality in the gain, the device performs processing for substantially prohibiting usage of a sensor value of the cylinder pressure sensor in control (fuel injection timing control) by using an alternative value (specified value) instead of the sensor value of the cylinder pressure sensor.

Abstract: A filter life sensor assembly within an air handling system is disclosed. The air handling system includes an air flow intake, an air flow exit, and a filter disposed between the air flow intake and air flow exit. The filter sensor assembly comprises a bypass connecting the air flow intake to the air flow exit, a dielectric sensor adjacent the bypass, wherein the dielectric sensor generates an electrical signal in response the air flow passing through the bypass.

Abstract: A method of measuring hydrogen leakage from a generator core into generator coolant water flowing through the generator stator windings comprising the steps of: providing a core hydrogen gas environment within the generator; flowing coolant water in a flowpath through the generator stator windings and a conduit to a coolant water reservoir; flowing air at a rate of less than 0.15 into the conduit and the coolant water after the coolant water exits the stator windings; measuring the quantity of air flowing into the conduit and into the coolant water; venting gas through a vent line from a contained vapor space over the coolant water within the coolant water reservoir; and measuring the hydrogen content of the gas vented from the reservoir; whereby hydrogen leakage from the generator core environment through the stator windings into the generator coolant water can be determined in amounts down to about 0.2 CFD.

Abstract: A measuring device is used to measure the state of oils of fats. Said measuring device comprises a housing, a hollow connecting element which is secured therein and a carrier which is applied to the opposite end of the connecting element, said carrier being used to receive a sensor which can be used to measure an electric property of the product which is to be measured. The sensor is in contact with an evaluation unit by means of at least one electric line which is arranged on a non-conductive carrier, which is arranged in the region of the housing and/or the end of the connecting element which is oriented towards the housing. The measuring device comprises a plurality of carriers which are arranged in a row and which are thermally insulated from each other.

Abstract: Device for a torque or shear transmitter for determining fibre concentration or viscosity in pulp suspensions and which is adapted to measure an angle deviation between two concentric shafts whereby the angle deviation forms a function of the torque applied on the measuring body. The device includes a feedback system for bringing the inner or measuring shaft to a zero position independent of the magnitude of the torque. The system includes an electromagnetic feedback coil, which encircles two pole shoes journalled in bearing points at the end of the outer shaft, at the same time as each pole shoe is connected to the measuring shaft, whereby a current, generated by a transducer and dependent on the angle deviation, is sent to the winding of the coil, where a magnetic field of force is generated.

Abstract: An automatic chlorophyll analyzer and an analytical method for measuring fluorescence of chlorophyll after automatic processes of sample filtration and pigment extraction is disclosed, wherein the analyzer comprises: a flow path for fluid transfer; a multi-port valve for selectively connecting one of its ports with the said flow path; a filter for separating particulate materials from water sample and chlorophyll extract; a detector for measuring the fluorescence of chlorophyll extract; a syringe pump for picking up or dispensing the water sample; and a 4-port valve connected to the said syringe for selecting and switching flow paths.

Abstract: A method and device for measuring the surface tension of liquids uses the bubble pressure principle, wherein a parameter relating to a bubble formed using a defined gas mass flow rate or volume flow rate is measured at the tip of a capillary tube immersed in the liquid. The surface tension is calculated from the measured value. With a defined gas mass flow rate or volume flow rate, the time between the minimum pressure and the maximum pressure and hence a defined pressure increase in a bubble are measured, and from this the surface tension is calculated. A relatively inexpensive sensor for measuring the surface tension in an appliance, such as a washing machine, using this inventive concepts is disclosed using a piezoelectric transducer.

Abstract: An electronically-controlled hammering module is used to apply a repetitive hammering force under electronic control to the top end of a dynamic cone penetrometer rod. In a preferred embodiment, the hammering module has a battery-powered percussive hammer that applies an electrically-generated impulse hammering force to the top of the rod. The depth of penetration is measured with a range-finder and used to compute the rate of penetration of the rod into the ground and correlated to the strength of the soil. The rate of hammering is controlled to cause the rod to penetrate into the soil at a controlled rate correlated with the strength of the soil.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for automatically determining a feedback setpoint for use in operating an atomic force microscope (AFM) are provided. The setpoint may be determined by modulating a feedback setpoint while monitoring for a change in a detector signal. In an effort to avoid tip damage and remain in non-contact, attractive mode during use, a setpoint just above a setpoint corresponding to a detected change in a parameter of the detector signal, such as an abrupt change in phase, may be used to operate the AFM.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of easily controlling the Z-position of the probe used in a microprobe analyzer. The apparatus has: (A) a holder, (B) a reference body having a reference surface that is at the same height as a surface of a sample, the reference body being placed on or in the holder, (C) a probe-positioning device for bringing the probe into contact with the reference surface, (D) a controller for controlling motion of the probe-positioning device in the Z-direction, (E) position-measuring apparatus for measuring the Z-coordinate of the probe at which it is in contact with the reference surface, (F) a memory for storing a positional coordinate outputted by the position-measuring apparatus, and (G) probe contact detection apparatus for detecting that the probe is in contact with the reference surface.

Abstract: In a method for indirectly ascertaining the cylinder pressure during the operation of piston engines by measuring cylinder pressure-dependent parameters at crankshaft bearings of the piston engine, one essential feature is that the force which is introduced by the main bearings of the crankshaft into an engine housing is measured. For performing the method, sensors for obtaining cylinder pressure-correlating signals are disposed on the bearing screws, and that the signals generated by the sensors are carried to the outside.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tire pressure-monitoring device for a motor vehicle, having at least one control unit (6) and/or at least one central box (10) being connected to the wheel house transceivers (4) arranged in the area of the wheel houses by way of wheel speed sensor and control conduits (5) or by way of wheel speed sensor conduits (11) and actuating conduits (13), which transceivers are appropriate for the wireless unidirectional or bidirectional transmission of information and energy to a transponder (1) arranged in the wheel or tire proximate the wheel house.

Abstract: A method of detecting a consumption status of liquid contained in a liquid container, comprising steps of: preparing a detection device having a piezoelectric element and attaching the detection device on a desired position of the liquid container so that at least a part of the detection device contacting the liquid; measuring a residual vibration of the detection device; and detecting the consumption status of the liquid contained in the liquid container on the basis of a result of the measurement of the residual vibration.

Abstract: A measuring device, includes: a sensor module having a sensor compartment in which a physical-to-electrical sensor is arranged; and an electronics module, having an electronics compartment, in which a measuring device electronics is arranged. Additionally, the measuring device includes a first connecting element mounted on the electronics module and electrically connected with the measuring device electronics, and a second connecting element mounted on the sensor module and electrically connected with the sensor. Sensor module and electronics module are releasably, mechanically connected together, accompanied by formation of a connecting compartment lying between the sensor compartment and the electronics compartment, and, preferably, sealed fluid-tightly, and/or pressure-tightly, relative to a surrounding atmosphere.

Abstract: A shield assembly for protecting a sensing element of a gas sensor, the shield assembly includes an outer shield comprising an elongated outer wall and an inner shield comprising an inner elongated wall. The elongated outer wall includes a first end, a second end, and a tip portion disposed across the second end of the outer wall. The tip portion includes at least one elongated aperture extending therethrough and the elongated outer wall is configured to not have any openings between the first end and the second end. The inner elongated wall is disposed within the elongated outer wall. The inner elongated wall includes a first open end, a second open end, and a flange portion extending from a periphery of the first open end of the inner elongated wall.

Abstract: A rotor such as a blisk B is balanced by determining the extent of any static or couple unbalance when the rotor is rotated about a test axis X while supported at a location surface 10 at which the rotor is supported in normal use. The location surface 10 is then modified, for example by removing material in a final machining operation, to eliminate the unbalance. For example the swash of the surface 10 may be altered and/or modification may be made to other location features (11) in order to cause the rotor to rotate, in normal operation, about an axis which is eccentric to the test axis X.

Abstract: A semiconductor acceleration sensor of the invention comprises: a sensor chip having a pad formation surface around whose edge are formed a plurality of pads, and in which a rectangular frame shaped protrusion is formed on an area of the pad formation surface on a center side of the pads; and a control chip which has a terminal formation surface on which connection terminals are formed, and has a planar shape such that the pad of the sensor chip is visible from the terminal formation surface side. Moreover, the opposite surface of the control chip to the terminal formation surface is bonded to the frame shaped protrusion of the sensor chip.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining and/or monitoring at least one physical or chemical, process variable of medium having at least one oscillatable unit, which produces, and/or receives, mechanical oscillations. Included is at least one tuning unit, whose stiffness is changeable and which is embodied in such a manner and connected in such a manner with the oscillatable unit, or is a part of the oscillatable unit in such a manner, that at least the resonance frequency of the oscillatable unit is changeable via the tuning unit. A corresponding method is also noted.

Abstract: A high frequency flexure-based dynamometer (10) for measuring vibrations to use in determining cutting forces in a tool. The dynamometer device (10) may operate within a preselected high frequency range while measuring cutting forces less than about 1 N. The dynamometer (10) may include two coupled flexures that interact to produce vibration modes at the edge of a selected bandwidth of interest. These modes may produce a frequency response function within the desired frequency band that has a magnified response and is substantially constant. The dynamometer (10) may include a workpiece (38) mounted to one of the two flexures (12) and a one or more precision accelerometers (30) mounted to the first or second flexures. Finite element analysis may be used to optimize the flexure design.

Abstract: A device (10) for measuring the running behavior of a gear pair having a rolling device (12) which comprises one spindle (15, 16) per gear (13, 14) and has at least one drive (17; 18) for driving one of the gears (13, 14). Furthermore, a structure-borne noise sensor (20), a sequence controller (30), and a speed sensor system (23, 24) are provided. The sequence controller (30) is designed in such way that a combined test of the gear pair may be performed, in which, in a first search run, a specific installation position is ascertained using structure-borne noise testing and subsequently a single-flank working test is performed at the specific installation position.

Abstract: A method for examining the interior material of an object, such as a pipeline or a human body, from a surface of an object using ultrasound having a frequency of at least 100 KHz, wherein the ultrasound is supplied to the interior material of the object. The reflections and/or diffractions of the ultrasound from the interior material of the object are received using ultrasonic receivers which are acoustically coupled to the surface of the object at positions which are distributed in two dimensions of the surface of the object, at different points in time or not, wherein, with each of the feelers, a receiving signal is generated, wherein the receiving signals are processed in combination in order to determine, according to the principle of inverse wave field extrapolation, where in the interior material of the object reflections and/or diffractions occur.

Abstract: An antifriction bearing provided with sensors for recording physical quantities that act upon the hearing and with strip conductors and electronic components for evaluating and/or transmitting sensor output signals or characteristic values derived therefrom to electrical or electronic devices located outside of the bearing. To this end, the sensors, strip conductors and electronic components are placed on at least one bearing part while forming a measurement data recording and/or measurement data processing system. The sensors, strip conductors and/or electronic components are made from at least one electrically conductive or semiconducting organic material.

Abstract: Degradation of the lubricant due to contamination of the lubricant with wear particles or moisture, which greatly affects the service life of rolling bearings, can be detected in a cost-effective manner through the use of a resonance frequency band signal or high-frequency signal of an accelerometer, and the service life of a rolling bearing can be estimated with high precision at an early stage on the basis of the detected state of the wear particles and lubricant.

Abstract: A vibration sensor includes a vibration body, a drive circuit that vibrates the vibration body, a sense circuit that refers to a reference signal associated with a drive signal for the drive circuit and detects a physical state of the vibration body on the basis of a sense signal related to vibration of the vibration body, and a capacitor provided between the drive circuit and ground. The capacitor has a temperature characteristic of a capacitance value defined so as to compensate for at least a part of the temperature characteristic of a sensitivity of the sense signal to the vibration of the vibration body.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an ultrasonic sensor used, for example, in the form of an ultrasonic vehicle parking aid provided with a sensor having an ultrasonic membrane and optionally a board provided with mounted required electronics and a coupling for an electric plug-in connection which are arranged therein, wherein said coupling is placed on a separate coupling housing and the sensor housing is combinable with different coupling housings.

Abstract: A micro electrical mechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensor includes a base structure defining an opening, a plurality of support members coupled to the base structure, a thin-film diaphragm supported by the support members, and at least one strain-sensitive member associated with the at least one support member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure sensor (1), comprising a housing (2), a housing element (3) which may be exposed to a pressure chamber (10), mounted on the housing (2) by means of a metallic membrane (5) and a measuring cell (4) which can indirectly measure a pressure acting on the housing element (3) and transmitted to the measuring cell (4) as a force resulting therefrom. According to the invention, said pressure sensor (1) comprises a housing element (3) embodied as a pin and projects out of the housing (2). The advantage of such an arrangement is only a small drilling to a pressure chamber (10) need be provided, in order to carry out a pressure measurement. The pin (3) need only be so long that the front end thereof, in the assembled state, approximately reaches the wall (11) of the pressure chamber (10).

Abstract: A piezoelectric sensor, preferably a pressure sensor, comprising at least two piezoelectric measuring elements placed in a housing, which are clamped between a membrane on the pressured side of the housing and a pick-up electrode electrically insulated against the housing. The piezoelectric measuring elements are fixedly attached to the pick-up electrode by thermo-compression or soldering and together with said pick-up electrode form a compact measuring element stack, which will significantly simplify assembly of the piezoelectric sensor.

Abstract: A process and device for marking and measuring test specimens in order to determine the deformation properties of the test specimen utilizing an energy based system for creating high resolution gauge marks.

Abstract: Mechanical transducers such as pressure sensors, resonators or other frequency-reference devices are implemented under conditions characterized by different temperatures. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a combination of materials is implemented for mechanical transducer applications to mitigate temperature-related changes. In one application, a material property mismatch is used to facilitate single-anchor transducer applications, such as for resonators. Another application is directed to a Silicon-Silicon dioxide combination of materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring sensor with a deformation body (7) on which at least one strain gage (2) is applied. In that regard, the strain gage (2) is hermetically sealed against external environmental influences by at least one thin deep drawn metallic sheet metal part (4). This hermetic sealing sheet metal part (4) is preferably embodied bowl-shaped and consists of a high-strength hardenable corrosion-resistant spring steel of the maraging type with 7.8 weight % nickel, 13 weight % chromium, 1 weight % molybdenum, 0.2 weight % silicon, 0.3 weight % manganese, 0.25 weight % beryllium, 0.2 weight % titanium as well as the remainder iron, which surprisingly comprises only a small hysteresis and has at least equally good creep characteristics as the stainless martensitic spring steels of the deformation body (7).

Abstract: A stress wave sensor comprising a piezoelectric film and means therein for connection to sensor electronics. The piezoelectric film preferably comprises polyvinylidene fluoride. Also a stress wave sensor system and methods employing one or more such stress wave sensors, preferably attached to a vehicle transparent component, most preferably to the vehicle windshield.

Abstract: A flowmeter is provided that comprises a leadframe assembly (140) and a body (144) disposed at least partially around the leadframe assembly (140). The body (144) has a flow passage therethrough that comprises a first channel (178) having a first port (166), a second channel (180) having a second port (168), and a flow altering element (182) disposed within the second channel (180). First and second pressure sensors (174 and 176) are disposed within the body (144) and coupled to the leadframe assembly (140) for measuring a first pressure within the first channel (178) and a second pressure within the second channel (180), respectively. An integrated circuit (155), which is coupled to the leadframe assembly (140), to the first pressure sensor (174), and to the second pressure sensor (176), is configured to determine the rate of flow through the flow passage from the first pressure and the second pressure.

Abstract: A measurement pickup, or transducer, includes at least one measuring tube for the conveying of a fluid. The measuring tube has an inlet end and an outlet end and vibrates at least at times. For enabling the fluid to be measured to flow through the measuring tube, the measuring tube communicates, via a first tube segment opening into the inlet end and via a second tube segment opening into the outlet end, with a pipeline connected therewith. For the oscillatable holding of the measuring tube, the measurement pickup further includes a support element having a first end piece containing a passageway for the securement of the first tube segment and having a second end piece containing a passageway for the securement of the second tube segment.

Abstract: A link and sensor assembly includes a first rod, a second rod received telescopingly within the first rod, a force sensor attached between the rods and a motion limiter. The force sensor has a longitudinal range of motion. The limiter limits longitudinal motion between the rods to the range of motion and limits angular motion between the rods.

Abstract: A particulate collection system, including a particulate matter analyzer and collecting filter, provides a method of analyzing and collecting samples from fluids, such as collecting particulate matter from air. A mass measuring unit and composition analyzing unit can be provided for either simultaneous or immediately consecutive measurements within a single instrument. The filter material can have an antistatic electricity characteristic and can be impregnated with reference material to enable calibration of the composition analyzing unit.