Abstract: A spreading code determining section (107) determines which spreading code is multiplexed in a received signal that has been received by an antenna (101) and has gone through a radio receiver (102), a correlation processing section (103), a delay profile generator (104), a midamble shift determining section (105), and a path selector (106). When determining that it is during DTX, from the output of the spreading code determining section (107), a DTX determining section (110) reports this to the radio receiver (102), the path selector (106), a JD operation section (108), and a despreading/RAKE-combination section (109) to make them stop processing. Thus, despreading, RAKE combination, and JD demodulation of the received signal are suspended during DTX, so that power consumption can be suppressed.

Abstract: A method has been provided for using the broadcast channel of a wireless multiple access network to communicate network timing information, or a time-stamp, to remote units. The method defines a broadcast channel protocol which divides communication frames into units called broadcast channel (BC) superframes. Each broadcast channel superframe is given a unique identification number, called a superframe count, which is transmitted by each base station. Then, both the network base stations and remote units can record events using the known superframe count. A method is also disclosed for the network to assign 14-bit identification numbers to remote units being installed into the network, so that communications can be conducted with installed remote units using the identification numbers instead of the 32-bit hardware serial numbers.

Abstract: A method of operating a radio-frequency (RF) circuitry and a signal-processing circuitry in a mobile telephone apparatus includes operating the RF circuitry during a first time period. During the first period, the RF circuitry generates a set of data from an RF signal received by the mobile telephone apparatus. The method further includes storing the set of data in a storage device. The method also includes operating the signal-processing circuitry during a second time period to process the set of data.

Abstract: A mobile communication system includes a radio network control apparatus having inside a function block for processing a downlink shared channel and table means for storing various setting information related to the downlink shared channel communication and the downlink shared channel multi-cast communication. According to the information, a multi-cast communication (including uni-cast communication) is realized by using the downlink shared channel for one or more mobile apparatuses. Moreover, a base station has a function to transmit the downlink shared channel data and signaling data received from a radio network control apparatus, to a mobile apparatus via a radio line. Furthermore, it is possible to multi-cast data selectively to a particular mobile apparatus being call-connected.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reordering traffic flow templates (TFTs) in a mobile communication system. The apparatus and method include a primary GPRS tunneling protocol (GTP) tunnel for transmitting and receiving packet data to and from a mobile station and one or more secondary GTP tunnels having the same mobile station address as the primary GTP tunnel and each being divided into different TFTs. The TFTs each include different packet filter contents so that the secondary GTP tunnels are separated through TFT packet filtering. A controller is adapted to sequentially perform TFT packet filtering on input packet data for the TFTs, manage statistical data of packet data successfully TFT packet filtered according to the TFTs, and reorder an order of the TFTs by comparing the statistical data of the packet data successfully TFT packet filtered for the TFTs if a preset period expires.

Abstract: A method and system for call monitoring in a wireless network by querying various network components for information about a call path through the wireless network. The network components in the wireless network may include foreign agent control nodes, home agent control nodes, packet data serving nodes, home agents, and/or authentication, authorization, and accounting servers. These network components may be queried to determine the foreign agent and the home agent to which a call is assigned. The foreign agent and the home agent may also define information about a call on the wireless network, i.e., the state of the call. Advantageously, the information provided by the foreign agent and the home agent may allow for monitoring a call path through the wireless network.

Abstract: A router line card is partitioned to separate the packet forwarding functions from physical port interfacing. For each packet forwarding card, at least one redundant port interface is provided. Identical input packets are transmitted via these redundant input port interfaces, one of which is eventually selected based on, for example, SONET standard criteria. If there is a failure, the router selects the interface path that is operating properly and rejects the path containing a failed element. Thus, the router decides locally how to correct the problem internally. Moreover, following an equipment failure the now offline failed interface path can be replaced, while the equipment remains in service using the duplicated interface path. The system can be restored to full duplex operation without affecting the existing traffic, providing for a hot replacement of a failed path. Because the interfaces are separate, a failed module can be renewed and replaced while the equipment is in service.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for multicasting data includes receiving, at a line card multicast data and an indication of a plurality of destinations for the multicast data. The method also includes transferring the multicast data over a common bus to a plurality of digital subscriber line chipsets associated with the plurality of destinations. Such transfer occurs by selecting two or more of the plurality of digital subscriber line chipsets to receive multicast data, enabling the two or more selected digital subscriber line chipsets to receive the multicast data, and transferring the multicast data over the common bus to the selected digital subscriber line chipsets after selection and enabling of the two or more of the plurality of digital subscriber line chipsets.

Abstract: A system for mapping dissimilar communication protocols is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system comprises user communication information that spans at least two dissimilar communication networks, a first communication protocol associated with a first communication network, a second communication protocol associated with a second communication network, and a software code segment configured to detect a call setup identifier and a call tear-down identifier associated with the first communication protocol, the software code segment also configured to detect a call setup identifier and call tear-down identifier associated with the second communication protocol, where the call setup identifier and the call tear-down identifier associated with the second communication protocol may occur within a predetermined amount of time before or after the call setup identifier or the call tear-down identifier associated with the first communication protocol.

Abstract: The inventive method uses a VoIP server which provides the classical subscriber performance features of an exchange, and a VoIP client in the integrated access device (IAD) of the subscriber. The VoIP server uses a known VoIP signalling protocol for controlling the VoIP voice transmission between the VoIP client in IAD and the media gateway and for tunneling the PSTN/ISDN signalling between the VoIP client in the IAD and the VoIP server.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for automatically upgrading the firmware of Internet video phones and a method of managing the system. The system includes one or more Internet video phones, an upgrade server, and a Trivial File Transfer Protocol or Hypertext Transfer Protocol (TFTP/HTTP) server. Each of the Internet video phones has information, including a company name, a language type, a version and an Internet Protocol (IP) address, and transmits information, including changed IP information, via an Internet when the IP information changes. The upgrade server performs an update using information transmitted from the Internet video phones and transmits upgrade commands to the Internet video phones when new firmware is distributed. The TFTP/HTTP server transmits the new firmware, which is requested by the Internet video phones in response to the upgrade commands, to the Internet video phones that requested the firmware.

Abstract: A method for logging Voice Over IP (VOIP) calls from a caller client device to a recipient client device. The method includes the steps of generating a VOIP call from the caller client device directed to the recipient client device; storing identification information associated with the caller client device in server call log resident on a hyper text transfer protocol (HTTP) server associated with the recipient client device; generating an update request at the recipient client device requesting updated call log information associated with the server call log from the HTTP server; transmitting the updated call log information from the HTTP server to the recipient client device; and updating a client call log resident on the recipient client device in response to the updated call log information.

Abstract: The present invention delivers both voice and real-time communications over telephony infrastructure. The telephony infrastructure will effectively couple a DSL server in a local telephony exchange to telephony terminals and DSL modems at any number of user locations. Each DSL modem will be coupled to a computing device, such as a personal computer, that is capable of facilitating real-time communications. The DSL server is directly or indirectly coupled to a packet network. In addition to being coupled to the DSL server, telephony cabling at the local telephony exchange is also coupled to a telephony switch to support circuit-switched voice communications. As such, circuit-switched voice sessions may be established via the telephony switch with the telephony terminal over the same telephony cabling. Real-time communications may be provided over the telephony cabling using DSL service between the DSL modem and the DSL server.

Abstract: A network device includes a media access controller (MAC) and a physical layer device including an interface that communicates with the MAC, and first and second transceivers. A first autonegotiation circuit attempts to establish a first link using the first transceiver over a first medium. A second autonegotiation circuit attempts to establish a second link using the second transceiver over a second medium. A media selector communicates with the interface and the first and second autonegotiation circuits and enables data flow from the first medium to the MAC using the interface when the link over the first medium is established first. When a preferred medium selector prefers the second medium, the media selector monitors the second medium for a qualified energy detect event. When the qualified energy detect event occurs, the media selector allows a link to be established by the second medium.

Abstract: A crossbar switching circuit and operating method thereof for coupling a plurality of source providers to a plurality of source consumers based on the request of the source consumer are provided. The crossbar switching circuit includes a plurality of source consumer terminals coupled to the source consumers respectively, a plurality of source provider terminals coupled to the source providers respectively, a plurality of first counters and a plurality of second counters. Wherein, each source consumer terminal has one first counter and one second counter. The first counter indicates a current latency state of the resource requested by the corresponding source consumer. The second counter indicates a current bandwidth state of resource requested by the corresponding source consumer. In addition, the connecting states between the source consumer terminals and the source provider terminals are determined based on the states of the first counters and the second counters.

Abstract: A communication device configured to assign a data packet to a memory bank of a memory device is provided. The communication device includes an input port for receiving the data packet, a look-ahead logic module, a pointer assignment module, and an output port. The look-ahead logic module is configured to select an address of the memory bank of the memory device by overriding an address mapping scheme that permits successive data packets to be assigned to the same memory bank. The pointer assignment module is configured to assign a pointer to the data packet based upon the memory bank determined by the look-ahead logic module. In addition, the output port is configured to transfer the data packet to the memory bank of the memory device.

Abstract: A system and method are described for synchronizing store-and-forward networks and for scheduling and transmitting continuous, periodic, predictable, time-sensitive, or urgent information such as real-time and high-priority messages over those networks. This enables packet-, cell-, and/or frame-based networks to thereby efficiently switch voice, video, streaming, and other real-time or high-priority data at the layer one or physical level, thus ensuring that the delivery of selected information can be made fast, on-time, immediate, non-blocked, non-congested, loss-less, jitter-free, and have guaranteed delivery, and guaranteed quality of service.

Abstract: In between network devices interconnected by plural optical channels, logical paths are defined according to upper traffic and also priority of the traffic. The network device includes: a frame forming section for reading user packets out of a buffer section composed of plural buffers defined for the respective paths on transfer schedule, and forming path frames having a specified frame length and individual ordinal numbers with respect to each path; a switch for selecting output channels to equally distribute the path frames by round robin scheduling; and data transmitting part for transmitting data on the logical paths. Thus, it is made possible to realize a frame transfer system capable of performing data transmission, which satisfies QOS (Quality Of Service) required for user traffic, on the WDM networks connected by plural OCHs.

Abstract: An apparatus, program product and method bridge an isolated network such as a virtual network to an external network such as another virtual network or physical network by utilizing a network adapter on the other network that is assigned the same Media Access Control (MAC) address as an isolated network adapter on the isolated network.

Abstract: A network device for controlling data flow can have a buffer configured to receive a packet, a first determining unit configured to determine a multicast group number from the packet, a first table storage unit configured to store at least one first bit vector and at least one first pointer, and configured to have the multicast group number indexed thereto, and a second table storage unit configured to store at least one second bit vector and at least one second pointer, and configured to have the at least one first pointer indexed thereto.

Abstract: A method and system for implementing Access Control Lists (ACLs) using a Balanced Hash Table of ACL Binary Comparison Trees (ABCTs), where the Balanced Hash Table of ABCTs encodes the replaced ACL. In one embodiment, the method includes but is not limited to receiving at least one packet, and disposing of the received at least one packet in response to a walk of a Balanced Hash Table of ABCTs, where the Balanced Hash Table of ABCTs encodes an Access Control List. In another embodiment, the method further includes converting the Access Control List to the Balanced Hash Table of ABCTs, the Balanced Hash Table of ABCTs encoding the Access Control List. In one embodiment, the system receives at least one packet, and disposing disposes of the received at least one packet in response to a walk of a Balanced Hash Table of ABCTs, where the Balanced Hash Table of ABCTs encodes an Access Control List.

Abstract: A proxy in a cable modem termination system receives IP packets having an address associated with set top box out of band messages. The proxy encapsulates the packets in an Ethernet frame containing an Ethernet address. A cable modem associated with the set top box is preconfigured to detect the Ethernet encapsulated packets and pass the out of band messages in the packets to the set top box.

Abstract: A method of converting a data packet that has a header includes storing the data packet and generating a header template having a plurality of static fields. The method further includes generating at least one dynamic field and merging the header template with the header. The method further includes inserting the at least one dynamic field to form a converted header.

Abstract: Converting a data packet involves receiving a first data packet. The first data packet has a first header expressed according to a first protocol, where the first header has a first source address and a first destination address. A second header corresponding to the first header is generated. The second header is expressed according to an Internet Protocol, and has a second source address and a second destination address. The second source address corresponds to the first source address, and the second destination address corresponds to the first destination address. The first data packet is converted to a second data packet by replacing the first header with the second header. The second data packet comprising the second header is outputted.

Abstract: A method in a data processing system for routing a packet to a target data processing system. With the method and apparatus, a global address for the target data processing system is placed in the packet. A hop-by-hop option may then be set in the packet, which contains a media access control address for the final destination. This option causes a router for a subnet on which the target data processing system is located to send the packet to the target data processing system using the media access control address without performing a link level address discovery operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for locating in a list of pre-defined codes, a longest code matching a given code. The method and apparatus involve producing a search mask encoding at least one portion of said given code and comparing the search mask to a search key having a Prefix Node Bit Array (PNBA) in which a bit is set active in at least one of a plurality of bit positions corresponding to possible bit combinations of bits in a bit string having a length equal to or less than the longest predefined code in the plurality of pre-defined codes and arranged by the lengths of possible bit combinations and by numeric values of the bit combinations, to identify a common active bit position in the search key and the search mask corresponding to one of the pre-defined codes having a length greater than all others of said pre-defined codes which correspond to common active bit positions.

Abstract: A system and method for reassembling c-frames into coherent packets are disclosed. C-frames contain segments of a data set. A micro-engine operating multiple threads copies the data set segments into assigned queues, following a thread hierarchy to keep the segments in order. The queues are stored in SRAM. The micro-engine maintains a subset of the total number of queues in local memory. If a segment belongs to a queue not in local memory, the least recently used queue is copied to SRAM, the required queue is read from SRAM, and the queue is updated with the data set segment.

Abstract: A traffic shaper comprises a cell buffer for temporarily storing an ATM cell arrived thereat, a first calculator for calculating an estimated cell sending time according to a VC contracted bandwidth, a second calculator for calculating an estimated cell sending time according to a VP contracted bandwidth, a binary tree VP sorting circuit for determining VP to be sent in top priority, a binary tree VC sorting circuit for determining VC to be sent in top priority, and a sending circuit for sending a cell in which the determined VP and VC are both brought to a transmittable state. The VP estimated sending time is revised according to the VC estimated sending time.

Abstract: Encapsulating packets into a frame includes receiving the packets at a station of a number of stations of a network. Each packet is associated with a delay requirement that reflects a deadline corresponding to at least one of the stations. The packets are directed to queues of the station. An available channel of the network is detected. It is determined that one or more packets at a queue are ready to be encapsulated into a frame in accordance with the delay requirements. The one or more packets are encapsulated into the frame for transmission using the available channel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system, apparatus, and method for dynamically allocating bandwidth to applications in a network based on utility functions. At least one client device is present in the network and is capable of receiving data over the network. In one embodiment, a server capable of transceiving data over the network is coupled to the at least one client device through the network. The server identifies the at least one client device in the network and identifies applications being utilized in the network by the at least one client device. Utility functions are defined for each of the applications. A utility function may be used to specify the minimum amount of bandwidth required by the application to perform at a predetermined quality level. Particularly, bandwidth is dynamically allocated to different applications in the network based on the utility functions defined for each of the applications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for interfacing an asynchronous network with a synchronous network and in particular for efficiently utilizing available bandwidth of a synchronous network transmit opportunity. In one embodiment asynchronous traffic arrives via an asynchronous network at a network device, such as a switch, for transmission over a synchronous network. The traffic is parsed into cells and after switching, a reassembly unit is provided for processing one or more cells buckets. Write operations occur based on an ingress pointer while read operations are controlled by an egress pointer. Upon occurrence of a transmit opportunity on the synchronous network, the entire bandwidth of the transmit opportunity is utilized by loading awaiting cells from bucket memory on to the synchronous network. Sufficient cells are stored in memory between the memory locations identified by the ingress pointer and the egress pointer to insure total utilization of transmit opportunity bandwidth.

Abstract: A method for coalescing acknowledge packets within a server is disclosed. A Read Request queue having multiple queue pair entries is provided. Each of the queue pair entries includes a packet sequence number (PSN) field and an indicator field. In response to a receipt of a Write Request packet, an indicator field of a queue pair entry is set to indicate that an Ack packet has been queued within the queue pair entry, and a PSN of the Write Request packet is written into a PSN field of the queue pair entry. In addition, a Queue Write Pointer is maintained to point to the queue pair entry. In response to a receipt of a Read Request packet, the indicator field of the queue pair entry is set to indicate that a Read Request packet has been queued within the queue pair entry, and a PSN of the Read Request packet is written into the PSN field of the queue pair entry. Also, the Queue Write Pointer is advanced to point to a queue pair entry that is subsequent to the queue pair entry.

Abstract: To send a connection control message associated with a first set of attributes, only a difference of the first set of attributes from a second set of attributes associated with an already active virtual circuit (to a common destination) may be sent (contained in the connection control message). The devices receiving the message may create the necessary configuration for the new virtual circuit by modifying a copy of the configuration of the active virtual circuit. Processing requirements may be minimized as the devices may not need to parse and decode long list of information element. The feature may be particularly important in setting up a virtual circuit for voice calls, as a long list of attributes may be associated with each virtual circuit, but the difference of attributes being only minimal.

Abstract: The communication terminals are connected to the packet-oriented communication network via a hub and the switching system is connected to the packet-oriented communication network via an access unit. A data format formed of substructural elements is set up for a data transmission between a switching system and the communication terminals. The data to be transmitted in the form of substructural elements are inserted into data packets at the transmitter end for a data transmission via the communication network. The substructural elements are extracted from the received data packets at the receiver end. Accordingly, the data packets have been transmitted transparently with no compression/decompression and conversion according to the RTP protocol at the transmitter and receiver end.

Abstract: A business has a main office (13) which has a controller (225), a plurality of telephones, a plurality of computers, a PBX and/or an ACD (216), and a plurality of corporate resources (220) such as servers, hosts, applications, databases, routers, gateways, switches, a voicemail system, an e-mail system, and facsimile servers. A user at the main office (13) has access to the various corporate resources and also has a portable communications device (10), such as a laptop computer, with which to place a call to the controller via a communications link (11) such as the Internet, to send user commands to and receive the resultant status, information, or operation, from, the controller, to access any of the corporate resources and data, and to make calls to and receive communications from outside parties (12). In addition, the user may create a personal profile which causes the controller to forward selected communications to him, via the Internet, wherever the user may be.

Abstract: The invention concerns the dynamic reservation of resources according to the RSVP protocol for transmitting an application flow in the form of first packets between a radio terminal and a remote unit interconnected via a first IP network and a cellular radio communication system. The cellular radio communication system uses a second IP network, or even a third IP network, in its core network. According to the invention, the dynamic reservation of resources in the first IP network is completed by a second dynamic reservation of resources in the second IP network, and where necessary a third dynamic reservation of resources in the third IP network. For this, transmission elements of the cellular radio communication system perform the association between the tunnel identity used for transmitting the first packets of the application flow and the parameters assigned to each RSVP session.

Abstract: Provided is a routing method for determining a destination in a computer network having multiple interconnected nodes, the method for measuring packet delays among remotely located gateways and processing routing in application layers of the gateways using the packet delays. The routing method based on packet delay includes the steps of setting a re-routing interval and measuring one-way delays among gateways, exchanging the measured delays among the respective gateways and forming delay time tables, calculating an average one-way delay during the re-routing interval, and if a packet is received, applying the calculated average one-way delay to a predetermined algorithm and determining a path from a source gateway to a destination gateway, the path having the minimum delay. Therefore, an improved routing performance can be achieved in real time transmitting a packet by determining the minimum delay path to a destination by measuring packet delays among remotely located nodes in application layers thereof.

Abstract: A gateway, which enables data communication between devices having different middlewares in a home network, a home network system, and a data relay method are provided. The gateway includes a generic middleware agent for including various middleware used by devices in the network and formatting a message using one of the middlewares corresponding to the middlewares of the message destination device, and a network access unit for receiving the formatted message from the generic middleware agent and sending the message to the destination device through the network. When devices using different middlewares in the home network system exchange messages, the gateway enables them to communicate effectively, eliminating the need for installation of different middlewares in each of the devices.

Abstract: The Simulated Facility Group System manages a plurality of IP Centrex Groups within a GR303 interface, where each IP Centrex Group is assigned to a unique Simulated Facility Group. A Centrex Feature Gateway interconnects the IP Centrex Access Facilities that serve each IP Centrex Group to a GR303 interface. The Simulated Facility Group System calculates the IP Centrex Access Facility bandwidth requirement of each IP Centrex call set up request, based on a Call Type Parameter received from the Centrex Feature Gateway. On a per call basis, the Simulated Facility Group System checks the available bandwidth on the IP Centrex Access Facility that serves the Centrex Group from which the call originated. The Simulated Facility Group System determines if the call set up request requires a timeslot on the GR303 interface to the central office switch. If a timeslot is required, the Simulated Facility Group System determines if a timeslot is available on the GR303 interface.

Abstract: Cached or predictive negotiation of compression parameters over a modem relay network connection involves method and apparatus for determining at a gateway the identity of a client/server modem that is called or calling, and using a profile of such called or calling client/server modem, the profile being stored at the gateway or an affiliated agent, to transmit respectively a candidate response or command containing compression parameters. Preferably, a candidate response or command includes an exchange identification (XID) or link request (LR) command or response, either provisioned, i.e. manually configured or automated, i.e. computer-generated. The profile is stored in a memory. The actual achieved parameters for a given call also may be stored, e.g dynamic learning may be had. Finally, establishing such profiles by placing dummy calls once the modem's phone number is known also is described as a feature of the invention.

Abstract: The invention is a system for interfacing a GR-303 system with a broadband system. The broadband system can be an ATM system. The invention can process the GR-303 signaling to select ATM connections and then interwork the GR-303 connections with the selected ATM connections. The invention can interwork GR-303 signaling and SS7 signaling. The invention can also process SS7 signaling to select GR-303 connections and then interwork ATM connections with the selected GR-303 connections.

Abstract: Typically, queues in a router device are used to track data information such as packets or data flows for later transmission to another downstream communication device. To reduce overhead associated with tracking an average queue length of a queue, a metric reflecting average queue length (or estimated queue length) is updated based on the occurrence of an event such as when the contents of the queue are modified. More specifically, if data is added or deleted from the queue, the metric reflecting an average fullness of the queue over time is updated at substantially the same time as updating the instantaneous queue length metric associated with the queue. This technique of synchronously updating both IQL and AQL simplifies the overall task of maintaining queue length information.

Abstract: A Balanced Packet Transmit Opportunity (BPTO) mechanism allows balanced bandwidth traffic to be serviced while still maintaining the service levels desired for high priority traffic. The above embodiment achieved the result by distinguishing both queue types and slot style types, and performing selections differently depending upon the relative styles of the queues and slots. This arrangement provides a number of advantages. Because the selection method is fast and relatively simple to implement, a large number of queues may be integrated into the decision process while maintaining a desired output bandwidth. In addition, the selection process provides a flexibility, allowing multiple traffic shaping considerations to be modified during operations to support changing network requirements. In addition, the selection process provides a flexibility, allowing multiple traffic shaping considerations to be modified during operations to support changing network requirements.

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes a switching device that includes a plurality of ports. The ports operate at asymmetric speeds. The apparatus also includes a switching matrix to provide selective connectivity between the ports. The apparatus further includes a plurality of channels to connect the ports to the switching matrix. The number of channels associated with each port is determined by speed of the port.

Abstract: A state decision subsystem (SDS) including an inload module, a simple programmable entity (SPE), at least one SPE memory, an unload module, and a coherency module. The inload module reads state information from a memory subsystem—the state information corresponding to TCP packets that are to be processed. In addition, the inload module writes contexts to the SPE memory. Each context includes both a TCP packet and its corresponding state information. The SPE reads each context from the SPE memory, processes the context, and writes the processed context to the SPE memory. The processed context includes both a processed TCP packet and its corresponding processed state information. Furthermore, the unload memory reads the processed context and writes the processed state information to the memory subsystem.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing channelized and unchannelized data within a signal are described. In one embodiment, a method comprises receiving in a network element, data packets within a number of channels, wherein each of the number of channels are channelized or unchannelized, processing, in a protocol engine within the network element, the data packets within the number of channels that are channelized, and processing, in the protocol engine within the network element, the data packets within the number of channels that are unchannelized.

Abstract: The disclosure describes techniques for coordinating operation of multiple network protocol off-load engines (e.g., Transport Control Protocol (TCP) off-load engines).

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, a switching device is described that includes a segmentation unit to receive packets and divide packets having a length greater than a maximum segment length into multiple segments. A plurality of queues associated with a source and a destination stores the segments. A request generator generates requests that include external factors including amount of data contained in the queue and at least some subset of priority and age. A scheduler receives the requests and assigns the requests an internal priority based on the external factors. The scheduler processes the requests for the queues by internal priority in order to generate grants. A framer, responsive to the scheduler, aggregates a plurality of segments for the queues that received a grant to form a frame and to transmit the frame to an associated destination. The frame may contain segments associated with different packets.

Abstract: For offering entertainment services by video streaming content to users, a video encoder creates the required .nsc file for each broadcast channel. This .nsc file is retrieved and stored on a server which notifies each set-top box in the field, via a multicast notifier of the availability of the new service. This notifier contains the multicast address and port to where the .nsc files are being streamed. Once the set-top box retrieves this notification, it attempts to join the dedicated multicast stream, download the .nsc files and store them locally in memory on the set-top box. When a user selects a broadcast channel from their lineup, the set-top box will access the local file to obtain the proper information about that particular ASF stream; hence, it will not have to do an HTTP retrieval.

Abstract: Method for protecting against overload of a multipoint-to-point channel of a mobile communication network, said multipoint-to-point channel being provided by a radio access network for the mobile communication network in order to enable a plurality of mobile communication means to access the mobile communication network, wherein each mobile communication means can attach to the multipoint-to-point channel to provide processing requests of at least two different request types through the multipoint-to-point channel to the mobile communication network, in particular to a packet switching node of the mobile communication network, comprising the steps of: —receiving a processing request; —detecting the request type of the received request; —counting the number of mobile communication means presently attached to the multipoint-to point channel; —determining, based on the counted number of attached mobile communication means, a present load on the multipoint-to-point channel; and deciding whether to reject or to ac