Abstract: This invention relates to a sensor for the detection of liquid ingredients with a carrier element (10), a sensor element (1) on the carrier element (10) and a sensor array, which is disposed on the surface of the sensor element and contains one or more electrodes (2), which are in electrical contact (4) with the corresponding deflection surfaces (3), which are also on the surface of the sensor element (1), but otherwise not electrically connected to the carrier element (10).

Abstract: A multi-sensor apparatus for monitoring a fluid is described. The apparatus includes a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor is configured to be exposed to a fluid, and includes at least one membrane that covers the plurality of sensors. A mechanical member or a heating element can be used to selectively expose a particular sensor to the fluid leaving another of the sensors unexposed to the fluid.

Abstract: Fuels that are used nowadays can have a different densities or different heating values. Even when filling the fuel tank (7) the quality of the fuel in the fuel tank (7) can change since different fuels are mixed. For example a low density or a low heating value can lead to reduced performance of the internal combustion engine (1). It is therefore proposed that a fuel-specific factor k be determined using a sensor (2, 2a), with which the characteristic of the combustion chamber pressure and/or a lambda value is measured, and using an algorithm. In a further embodiment the operating parameters (injected quantity, start of injection, end of injection, injection pattern, exhaust gas recirculation rate, etc.) are corrected using the factor k.

Abstract: A rheometer has a measuring chamber which is delimited by a measuring chamber wall in which at least one measuring component is disposed for acceptance of a sample. The measuring chamber can have a gas flowing through it whose temperature is controlled in a desired fashion by a first temperature control device. A second temperature control device is also disposed in the measuring chamber wall by means of which the wall of the measuring chamber can be temperature controlled to a desired temperature. To temperature control the sample, the gas flow in the measuring chamber can be switched off or at least highly reduced prior to measurement of the reological characteristic quantities and further temperature control of the measuring chamber is effected by means of the temperature control of the measuring chamber wall.

Abstract: To provide a highly reliable apparatus for measuring mercury contained in the gaseous medium, in which the outlet port 3b of the reducing tube and the gas-liquid separator, both susceptible to deposition of stain, can be automatically cleaned to avoid reduction of the sensitivity of the measuring instrument, the apparatus for measuring mercury contained in the gaseous medium includes a reducing tube 3 for reducing divalent mercury contained in a gaseous medium to zerovalent mercury, a gas-liquid separator 4 for removing a liquid component (drain) from the gaseous medium that has passed through the reducing tube 3, a measuring instrument 6 for measuring the quantity of the mercury contained in the gaseous medium delivered from the gas-liquid separator 4, and a cleaning system 10 for running a cleaning liquid from an outlet port of the reducing tube 3 past the gas-liquid separator 4 to emerge outwardly of the gas-liquid separator 4.

Abstract: An interface detection apparatus detects a position of a hidden interface between first and second materials, the first material having a different physical property from the second material. The apparatus encompasses (a) an irradiation mechanism configured to irradiate an electromagnetic wave onto a sample implemented by the first and second materials, (b) a detection mechanism configured to detect the electromagnetic wave that has passed through the sample, and (c) a traveling mechanism configured to change the relative position of the hidden interface with respect to the position of the detection mechanism.

Abstract: A remote tire monitor system includes a control unit and a plurality of tire monitors mountable on respective wheels of a vehicle to transmit radio signals to the control unit. The tire monitors each include a pair of motion sensors such as shock sensors and a control circuit configured to determine position information for the respective tire monitor based on first and second shock sensor signals from the pair of shock sensors. The shock sensors produce an output voltage proportional to a change in applied force. Therefore, the offset created by centrifugal force in previously used accelerometers is absent, simplifying design of the tire monitors.

Abstract: The two housing parts are used as springing means which are mounted behind each other, thereby extending the full spring path. Despite the soft springs obtained by the housing, the individual housing parts can be manufactured from a stable material so that they remain dimensionally stable over a long-term period even when subjected to heavy stress by virtue of the fact that they are arranged between a vehicle seat and the chassis of the vehicle, thereby meeting the high quality standards required by the vehicle industry. Complex successive positioning of the springs inside the housing is avoided. As a result, it is possible to produce a force measuring device which is particularly compact, stable and economical. A coil with a core is used as an inductive deflection sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a regulating device (1) for control of flow and/or pressure, including a housing (3) enclosing a movable inner member (2) which is provided with a passage corresponding to the housing inlet. The inlet comprises at least two ports (4,5,6,7) which are spaced apart with a circumferentially equal distance, and the passage comprises apertures (8,9,10,11) positioned correspondingly. The inner member (2) is fitted with radial play inside the housing so that in operation a leakage of the liquid to be regulated will enter between the inner member and the housing so that these elements are in a floating relationship, whereby the inner member is relieved from radial forces in operation. The invention also concerns a dynamometer testing device.

Abstract: A path detector is constructed so that a path block body, which forms a given path and which has a flow sensor interposed in the path, and a circuit board having an electric circuit mounted thereon are accommodated in a rectangular parallelepiped or cubic housing. An indicator and an operation switch are provided in a front surface portion of the housing that is exposed at a front surface of a given panel when the housing is fixed to the panel. The path in the path block body is U-shaped path and has an inlet and an outlet in a back surface portion of the housing. A terminal for external connection of the circuit board is also disposed in the back surface portion of the housing.

Abstract: The invention is a level meter having a flexible probe. The flexible probe includes a flexible conductor and at least one flexible band shield member disposed in a substantially vertically parallel relationship with the conductor, where the conductor and the shield member are offset from each other.

Abstract: A system and method for inputting motion measurement data into a computationally based device are provided. In a first version three-axis accelerometer determines components of an inertial force vector with respect to an orthogonal coordinate system. The accelerometer includes a sensor die made of a semiconductor substrate having a frame element, a proof mass element, and an elastic element mechanically coupling the frame and the proof mass. The accelerometer also has three or more stress-sensitive IC components integrated into the elastic element adjacent to the frame element for electrical connectivity without metal conductor traversal of the elastic element.

Abstract: A pressure sensor module 2, wherein a holding space 34 is formed between a diaphragm 22 and a thin film layer 31, and a vent hole 321 communicating with the exterior of a first case is provided in the holding space 34. In the above pressure sensor module, even when a corrosive gas or chemical solution is used as a fluid to be measured and a corrosive gas component originated from the fluid to be measured permeates into the holding space 34, the permeated corrosive gas component can be discharged to the outside of the case through the vent hole 321. As a result, the corrosion of the diaphragm 22 by the fluid to be measured can be prevented, which results in the achievement of a prolonged service life of the pressure sensor module 2.

Abstract: To accurately set a detection axis of a sensor even when the sensor is attached to an inclined surface, provided is: a sensor responsive to an operation to a predetermined detection axis. A sensor device accommodates this sensor 1 and is a lead provided for conduction between a terminal of this sensor device and a mounting board. A mold for fixing the sensor device to set the detection axis of the sensor and a bottom surface of the mold with a desired angle is also provided.

Abstract: A pressure sensor (30) for environments with wide ranging temperatures such as vehicle tires. The sensor has a conductive sensor membrane (53) exposed to the fluid pressure to be sensed, and a similarly conductive reference membrane subject to a predetermined pressure difference. Both membranes are connected to circuitry that converts the deflection in the sensor membrane into an output signal indicative of the pressure difference across the sensor membrane, and converts the deflection of the reference membrane into a thermal expansion compensation value used to adjust the output signal in response to temperature variations in the pressure sensor's environment.

Abstract: An assembly, system, and method for identifying defects in a structure are provided. The assembly includes a structure of a metallic or composite material, and a flexible sheet of material positioned adjacent to the structure. The assembly also includes a plurality of non-destructive sensors secured to the flexible sheet, and a mechanism operable to impact the flexible sheet or proximate to the flexible sheet to generate stress waves within and along a surface of the structure. The system further provides a data acquisition system capable of communicating with the sensors such that the data acquisition system generates feedback indicative of at least a portion of the structure based on data from the stress waves acquired by the sensors.

Abstract: A micromachined sensor for measuring vascular parameters, such as fluid shear stress, includes a substrate having a front-side surface, and a backside surface opposite the front-side surface. The sensor includes a diaphragm overlying a cavity etched within the substrate, and a heat sensing element disposed on the front-side surface of the substrate and on top of the cavity and the diaphragm. The heat sensing element is electrically couplable to electrode leads formed on the backside surface of the substrate. The sensor includes an electronic system connected to the backside surface and configured to measure a change in heat convection from the sensing element to surrounding fluid when the sensing element is heated by applying an electric current thereto, and further configured to derive from the change in heat convection vascular parameters such as the shear stress of fluid flowing past the sensing element.

Abstract: A pneumatic collet assembly has a housing, a piston, a collet, and ball bearings. The piston is disposed within the housing. A bore within the piston receives the collet. The collet has a base and fingers. The fingers of the collet define a center channel or bore configured to receive a torsion bar. The central channel extends along a longitudinal axis. The ball bearings are disposed between the piston and the fingers of the collet. The piston is configured to move between a first position along the longitudinal axis and a second position along the longitudinal axis in response to pressure changes within the housing. The piston increases force against the ball bearings to urge the fingers of the collet against the torsion bar to clamp the torsion bar.

Abstract: A piezocable-based sensor for measuring unsteady pressures inside a pipe comprises at least one cable extending around at least a portion of a circumference of the pipe. The cable includes a first electrical conductor, a piezoelectric material disposed around the first electrical conductor, and a second electrical conductor disposed around the piezoelectric material. The sensor provides a signal indicative of unsteady pressure within the pipe in response to displacement of the pipe. In various embodiments, a band is wrapped around the at least one cable for compressing the at least one cable toward the pipe. In other embodiments, the sensor includes a clamp attached to opposing ends of the at least one cable for holding the at least one cable in tension around the pipe.

Abstract: A apparatus 10, 110 is provided that measures the speed of sound and/or vortical disturbances propagating in a fluid or mixture having entrained gas/air to determine the gas volume fraction of the flow 12 propagating through a pipes and compensating or correcting the volumetric flow measurement for entrained air. The GVF meter includes and array of sensor disposed axially along the length of the pipe. The GVF measures the speed of sound propagating through the pipe and fluid to determine the gas volume fraction of the mixture using array processing. The GVF meter can be used with an electromagnetic meter and a consistency meter to compensate for volumetric flow rate and consistency measurement respective, to correct for errors due to entrained gas/air.

Abstract: A differential pressure type flowmeter comprises an orifice, a detector to detect a fluid pressure P1 on the upstream side of an orifice, a detector to detect a fluid pressure P2 on the downstream side of an orifice, a detector to detect a fluid temperature T on the upstream side of an orifice, and a control computation circuit to compute a fluid's flow rate Q passing through an orifice by using the pressure P1, where P2 and temperature T detected with the aforementioned detectors, and the aforementioned fluid's flow rate Q is computed with the equation Q=C1•P1/?T•((P2/P1)m?(P2/P1)m)1/2 (where C1 is a proportional constant, and m and n are constants).

Abstract: An active micro-force sensor is provided for use on a micromanipulation device. The active micro-force sensor includes a cantilever structure having an actuator layer of piezoelectric material and a sensing layer of piezoelectric material bonded together. When an external force is exerted on the sensor, the sensor deforms and an applied force signal is recorded by the sensing layer. The applied force signal is then fed back to the actuating layer of the sensor via a servoed transfer function or servo controller, so that a counteracting deformation can be generated by the bending moment from the servoed actuating layer to quickly balance the deformation caused by the external micro-force.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a volumetric pipet used to make a volumetric measurement and transfer a measured amount of liquid. More specifically the invention relates to a pipet that fills from the top, works well with automated systems because it does not require positioning devices or a supply of suction, is easy to rinse and rinses upon filling, and meets the precision requirements of class A volumetric glassware. The pipette of the invention may include a chamber for manipulation of the liquid before pipetting. The pipet is capable of delivering a repeatable predetermined volume of fluid, fills from the top and dispenses from the bottom, which eliminates a need for suction to fill the pipet. The pipet does not trap air in the measuring chamber and works without any valves making contact the sample liquid in the measuring chamber.

Abstract: An operating position select device has a select lever unit, a mode shift unit to shift operation modes of the automatic transmission, a mechanically connecting means connecting them, and an assist actuator to assist a select lever. A control unit that controls the actuator is electrically connected to an operating position sensor detecting an operating position of the select lever and an operating velocity detector detecting operating velocity of the lever. The control unit has an excessive movement prevention part that reduces the assist force when the operating velocity outputted from the operating velocity detector exceeds a velocity threshold.

Abstract: A joint structure includes a rotating guide pulley, a fixed guide, and a rotating guide pulley. The rotating guide pulley is coaxial with a rotating shaft of a revolute joint, and is arranged so as to be rotatable about the rotating shaft. The fixed guide is arranged in a first structure, and has an arc portion. The arc portion has the same radius as the rotating guide pulley and is coaxial with the rotating guide pulley. The rotating guide pulley is arranged in a second structure so as to be relatively movable. A wire is put round the rotating guide pulley, the movable rotating guide pulley, and the fixed guide in the order of them.

Abstract: An adjustable vehicle steering column is locked to a vehicle chassis by a remote-controlled electrically-operable locking arrangement that is carried by one end of a locking arm the other end of which is pivotally connected with the vehicle chassis. The locking arrangement has a locking axis that is parallel with and spaced a given distance from the pivot axis of the locking arm.

Abstract: A change-speed control system is provided for a utility vehicle having a stepless change-speed apparatus for speed-changing an engine output and transmitting the speed-changed output to a traveling unit. The system includes an engine speed governor for adjusting speed of the engine, an accelerator controller and a change-speed control linkage device for providing operative displacements in the stepless change-speed apparatus and the engine speed governor in association with an operation of the accelerator controller. The change-speed control linkage device sets an operation amount for the stepless change-speed apparatus and an operation amount for the engine speed governor in correlation with the operation amount of the accelerator controller, such that an acceleration ratio for the engine speed is greater than an acceleration ratio for the stepless change-speed apparatus until the engine reaches a predetermined speed and also the stepless change-speed apparatus reaches a predetermined speed.

Abstract: A screwtop opener with a first handle and a second handle which can be pivoted in relation to the first handle. A first clamping jaw is formed on the first handle and a second clamping jaw is formed on the second handle. A screwtop can be grasped by the two clamping jaws. A distance between the clamping jaws can be reduced by pivoting the two handles against each other. In accordance with this invention, a first clamping jaw is embodied on a straightedge, which can be pushed into the first handle and can be arrested in a multitude of positions with respect to the first handle. Thus, it is possible to achieve a short linear extension of the screwtop opener without foregoing the comfort of being able to also grasp and open large screwtops.

Abstract: A quick release device of a socket wrench has a press rod and a push rod disposed in a socket plug so that the push rod can press against the press rod and the press rod can be pushed and returned toward either side. Thus, a locking steel ball can be tightly pressed or released, and a socket and the plug can be quickly released and replaced in a laborsaving manner.

Abstract: A digital beam-type torque wrench has a main beam and a stationary beam having a distal end thereof fixedly attached at or near a distal end of the main beam. A sensing assembly is disposed generally at a proximal end of the main beam and includes a displacement sensing element carried by the proximal end of the stationary beam and a sensing element actuator disposed on said main beam. The sensing element actuator and sensing actuator cooperate to generate a variable output voltage, whose magnitude is proportional to the amount of flexure of the main beam upon application of torque upon a rotating element by the wrench. In one embodiment, the sensing assembly comprises a potentiometric rotary position sensor including an arcuate rack gear coupled to the main beam and engaged with a pinion gear coupled to the stationary beam, with rotation of the pinion gear in turn causing rotation of a potentiometer.

Abstract: A method of implementing a change of format in a system for cutting sheets of corrugated board comprises the application of at least three first longitudinal cuts by a first group of longitudinal-cutter tool and at least three second longitudinal cuts by a second group of longitudinal-cutter tools. All the three longitudinal cuts overlap one another in the conveying direction. In this way, the corrugated board can be exploited more efficiently in the area of format change.

Abstract: An integrated circuit package separator. A base having a plurality of pins extending upwardly therefrom is provided. A support is provided over the base. The support has an upper surface and a plurality of holes. The pins extend through the holes and upwardly beyond the upper surface of the support. An actuator is provided beneath the support. A board having a plurality of integrated circuits bonded thereto is provided. The integrated circuits form a repeating pattern of integrated circuit packages across the board, and the board has a plurality of holes. The board is placed over the support upper surface with the pins extending into the holes in the board. While the board is over the support upper surface, it is cut to separate the integrated circuit packages. After the cutting, the support is vertically displaced by the actuator to lift the support off the pins.

Abstract: A fine-adjustment mechanism for making small adjustments to a cutting angle on a miter saw is used in conjunction with an apparatus that includes a base having at least one recess, and a turntable that supports a cutting tool is rotatably mounted to the base. An angular-adjustment lever is pivotally mounted to the turntable. The angular-adjustment lever includes a first insert proximal to the turntable. The first insert is capable of engaging at least one recess. The fine-adjustment mechanism is mounted to the turntable and includes a fine-adjustment lever pivotally mounted on the turntable. A second insert having an opening therethrough is supported by the fine-adjustment lever and adapted to engage at least one recess of the base. A threaded rod supported by the fine-adjustment lever extends through the opening in the second insert. A latch holder may be attached to the fine-adjustment lever.

Abstract: A cutter including a base, a holder, a cutter blade portion, and a laser generator. The holder is supported on the base portion in an upright posture. The cutter blade portion supports a moving blade. The cutter blade portion is supported on the holder movable between an upper position and a lower position. The cutter blade portion is moved into the lower position to cut a workpiece supported on the base using the moving blade. The laser generator is attached to the holder or the cutter blade portion in an orientation to direct at least a portion of the laser light onto a position on the workpiece that is directly beneath the cutter blade portion when the cutter blade portion is in the upper position. Alternatively, a holder has a shaft support portion, and a slide shaft is axially slidably supported by the shaft support portion. A front end of the slide shaft has a hinge holder which pivotally supports the cutting blade portion. A laser generator is fixed to a front side of the hinge holder.

Abstract: A device and method are for separating at least one optical fiber. A swivelled element and an asymmetric anvil are used so that a section of the fiber is contacted only in two positions that are substantially insignificant for the tensile strength of a spliced fiber. In one position, the glass fiber core of the section of the fiber is protected from damages by a fiber sheathing. In the other position that is contiguous to the position of separation, mechanical damages are of minor importance since they are at least partially repaired by the heat produced during splicing.

Abstract: An attachment control system includes an electrical control system and hydraulic control system. The electrical control system interfaces with the hydraulic control system to ensure that attachment decoupling in response to operator electrical control can occur only when at least one hydraulic threshold condition is satisfied as indicated by a hydraulic pressure sensor. Attachment decoupling is prevented unless the pressure sensor outputs an electrical signal that indicates that the attachment is safely positioned (e.g., full-extend or full-curl). In one example, this is indicated with the attachment positioning cylinder is pressurized above a select threshold as indicated by a pressure sensor.

Abstract: An actuator has a position encoder provided by a helical groove formed in the piston rod. The groove is filled with a material of different magnetic characteristics to provide a smooth exterior surface and a varying discernible signal as the rod moves relative to the cylinder. An array of Hall effect sensors is provided around the rod to provide phase shifted signals as the rod moves so that the signal of one sensor may be correlated by the signals of other sensors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reversible axial piston machine (1) consisting of a cylinder drum (5) which rotates about a rotational axis (7) and in which pistons can be displaced in cylinders (6), said pistons being supported against an inclined surface (8). The angle of adjustment (?1, ?2) of the inclined surface (8) can be adjusted in both pivoting directions by means of a control piston (24) pertaining to the adjusting device (12), said control piston extending essentially parallel to the direction of the rotational axis (7) of the cylinder drum (5). The zero position of the adjustment of the inclined surface (8) can be adjusted without play by means of a zero position adjusting device (32).

Abstract: An axial piston machine (1) having a rotatably mounted cylinder drum (5) which in turn has a center recess (38) and a plurality of cylinder bores (6) that extend substantially axially relative to the center bore (38) and in which pistons (7) are movably guided and are supported on a pivoting plate (11) via sliding shoes (8). The sliding shoes (8) are guided in recesses (23) of a withdrawal plate (22) in whose contact inner bore (25) a withdrawal body (16) is guided with an outer surface that corresponds to the inner bore (25) of the withdrawal plate (22). The withdrawal body (16) is subject to an axially directed pretension force which is exerted by a compression spring (26) via the pressure pins (28). Every pressure pin (28), on its base side (40), is provided with an enlarged portion (43) radially in relation to its longitudinal axis (34).

Abstract: A coffee maker includes a housing, the housing of the coffee maker shaped and configured to fit within a wall cavity inside a wall and attach to one or more wall structures, the housing including an integral mounting structure having engagement structures to engage the one or more wall structures. The coffee maker unit further includes an in-line water heater located within the housing to receive a supply of water from plumbing that is external to the housing and a brewing area located within the housing to contain a supply of coffee grounds and to receive water from the water heater. The coffee maker further includes a coffee pot receptacle configured to support a coffee pot at least partially within the wall cavity such that the coffee pot is located to receive coffee from the brewing area.

Abstract: A roller grill for cooking human food is disclosed which comprises a housing having a plurality of tubular cooking members rotatably mounted within the housing and a divider ensemble shaped to be positioned on the tubular cooking members for sectioning the tubular cooking members into a first cooking area and a second cooking area.

Abstract: A spit holder assembly comprises a longitudinally oriented hollow body having a triangular cross section and opposite ends, and an outwardly directed transverse flange connected to the body between the opposite ends thereof. A lower portion of the body on one side of the transverse flange comprises a base constructed and arranged to fit within an opening in a worktable with the flange functioning as a stop. An upper portion of the body on the other side of the flange includes at least a pair of spaced apart longitudinally oriented slots constructed and arranged to receive and hold a spit.

Abstract: A modular fountain assembly for controlling the temperature and flow of viscous fluid with a melting point between ambient and approximately 150 degrees Fahrenheit is disclosed. The modular assembly for controlling the heating and flow of fluid includes an enclosed controlling base and an upper recirculation module having a detachable lower basin, one or more modular tubular sections, a small high basin on top of the highest tubular section, an Archimedes screw of a set pitch dimension to facilitate the flow of the fluid from the lower reservoir to the small high reservoir atop the tubular section or sections, and a series of circular tiers atop each tubular section. The lower basin is attached to the controlling base using mechanical or electro mechanical support structures. The controlling base provides rotational force for the Archimedes screw at variable rotational speeds to drive the fluid upward within the modular tubes as well as a heating sub module.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for retaining individual sheets of substrate in a curved configuration during coating or printing is disclosed.

Abstract: A packing or dressing is mounted on a cylinder of a rotary printing press. A dressing suspension leg, situated at an end of the dressing extending in the production direction of rotation of the cylinder, is positioned in an opening in the surface of the cylinder. That suspension leg is retained in the cylinder opening predominantly by its own weight.

Abstract: A plate feeding apparatus includes a multi-cassette unit for storing, in a stacked state, a plurality of cassettes storing plates, a loader unit for fetching from each cassette plates to be fed to an image recorder, and a plate feed unit disposed above the multi-cassette unit to be tiltable about a horizontal axis in a state of having a portion thereof vertically overlapping the multi-cassette unit.

Abstract: A wallpaper printer includes a support frame. A cabinet assembly is mounted on the support frame. A drying module is operatively mountable with respect to the support frame and defines a first chamber and a second drying chamber. A heating element is positioned within the first chamber. At least one fan is operatively positioned with respect to the first chamber to force air past the heating element. The first chamber is configured to direct the heated air through an opening into a second drying chamber. The drying module includes a motorized door for opening and closing the opening. The drying module is configured so that, in use, the second drying chamber receives printed media via the opening. The drying module further includes at least one circulation duct to transfer at least a portion of the heated air from the second drying chamber towards the at least one fan.

Abstract: A safety and arming device (10) for a spinning projectile fuze, which has a fuze housing (12), which is in the form of a pot, and a bearing body (14) with a booster charge (16). A spherical rotor (42) with a detonator (44) is mounted between the fuze housing (12) and the bearing body (14). A radial groove (22) is formed in the fuze housing (12), and an annular groove (46) is formed in the rotor (42). A holding ring (28) is forced against the annular groove (46), which is axially offset with respect to the radial groove (22), when the safety and arming device (10) is in the safe position. The holding ring (28) is designed with a separating slot (30) and a further, shorter slot (32). The separating slot (30) and the further slot (32) extend at the same distance apart in the circumferential direction of the holding ring (28) and define annular segment jaws (40). The spring device (48) has a pair of cup springs (58), which jointly form a horizontal V-shaped spring profile.

Abstract: A method for measuring the movement of boundaries between different portions of a heterogeneous rock body is disclosed. The method comprises placing a plurality of blast movement monitors 109 in a rock body prior to blasting and noting the position of each blast movement monitor. The rock body is then blasted to break it up into a plurality of pieces. Thereafter the position of the blast movement monitors 109 is located and based on this the boundaries of rock portions can be adjusted to account for the blast. This leads to a more accurate reporting of different ore bodies to the appropriate processor in a heterogeneous rock body. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also disclosed. The apparatus comprises broadly a said monitor 109 and a receiver. The monitor 1 comprises a transmitter 109 received within a casing 111 that in turn is received within a housing 126. Further the casing 111 can move within the housing 126 and self right so that it always transmits its signal in an upright direction.

Abstract: A mounting system is provided for securing a metal support surface to a metal bracket on a railroad car. The invention is improved by a compressible, energy absorbing arrangement secured intermediate the support surface and the bracket for preventing metal to metal contact between the support surface and the bracket and absorbing vibrational energy caused by movement of the railroad car.