Abstract: There is described a method for selecting microbial isolates for use in oral killed vaccines against abnormal microbial colonisation of mucosal surfaces by the microbes. The method comprises evaluating capacity of a plurality of different isolates of a microbe to activate antigen responsive cells to provide activation data for each microbial isolate, and the effectiveness of the isolates in reducing infection of a mucosal surface by the microbe to provide clearance data for each microbial isolate. An isolate, the activation data and clearance data for which correlate and is optimal for generating mucosal immunity against the microbe compared to the, or each, other of the isolates, or an isolate the activation data for which is optimal and a further isolate the clearance data for which is optimal, compared to the, or each, other of the isolates, respectively, is then selected for use in the vaccine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Lawsonia intracellularis vaccines and methods for protecting against and diagnosing L. intracellularis infection. The products and processes of the invention are attainable, in part, as the result of an improved method for cultivating large scale supplies of L. intracellularis, including both a novel isolate of L. intracellularis of European origin and a method of preparing a lyophilized product containing the attenuated European isolate as vaccine product.

Abstract: Methods of using clostridial toxins and other biological agents to thin skin and control fine wrinkles in humans are provided. In preferred embodiments the methods provide beneficial effects in humans.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods relating to bacterial flagella and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for preparing an extract for the treatment of allergic diseases, in which process no heat is supplied during all of the preparation process, an extract which has been prepared by this process, and the use of this extract for preparing a medicament.

Abstract: The invention relates to hydrogels containing polyvinyl alcohols and/or polyvinyl alcohol copolymers having special geometries, methods for the production of said hydrogels, and the use of the hydrogels as materials in the biomedical and pharmaceutical field, for producing contact lenses, for the controlled release of active substances, as a carrier material for inclusion-immobilized biocatalysts, a carrier material for transition metal catalysts, a material for producing reactive membranes, an additive to drilling fluid, a displacing agent in oil recovery, a cement additive and an additive to highly viscous liquids such as crude oil to improve the flowability and increase the speed of conveyance, and a component of cosmetic products.

Abstract: A controlled release sterile freeze-dried aripiprazole formulation is provided which is formed of aripiprazole of a desired mean particle size and a vehicle therefor, which upon constitution with water and intramuscular injection releases aripiprazole over a period of at least about one week and up to about eight weeks. A method for preparing the controlled release freeze-dried aripiprazole formulation, and a method for treating schizophrenia employing the above formulation are also provided.

Abstract: A controlled release sterile freeze-dried aripiprazole formulation is provided which is formed of aripiprazole of a desired mean particle size and a vehicle therefor, which upon constitution with water and intramuscular injection releases aripiprazole over a period of at least about one week and up to about eight weeks. A method for preparing the controlled release freeze-dried aripiprazole formulation, and a method for treating schizophrenia employing the above formulation are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to coating and encapsulation composition useful for protecting core material from oxidative and/or hydrolytic damage. The coating composition comprises a lipid polymer and a lipid-based anti-oxidant, wherein the anti-oxidant is soluble in the lipid polymer.

Abstract: A composition and method for vitalizing and stabilizing a cosmetic product, comprising: an inner cosmetic layer; and an outer shell including: metal ions; and an anhydrous cosmetic product. The metal ions are selected from the group consisting of: copper ions, silver ions, and gold ions. The concentration of the metal ions ranges from 2 ppm to 200 ppm. The two types of metal ions may be equal in concentration. Additionally, a composition for vitalizing and stabilizing cosmetics, includes: hydrophilic ions selected from the group consisting of copper ions, silver ions, and gold ions; and an anhydrous cosmetic product. The method includes: introducing hydrophilic ions into water substantially free of ions to form a solution; atomizing the solution; and combining the atomized solution with a cosmetic product. The method further includes inserting a pure sample of a desired element into the water substantially free of ions and running a current therethrough.

Abstract: A method of loading liquid lipophilic compounds to capsules having a hydrogel shell and an oil core, wherein said compound, said capsules, and water and a solvent that is miscible with both water and lipophilic compound are thoroughly mixed and incubated for a sufficient time to provide capsules loaded with a lipophilic flavor or fragrance compound. The capsules are useful for providing flavors or fragrances to a wide variety of products such as foodstuffs, beverages, medicines and tobacco products.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition comprising in a preblend; or in a the resting state prior to application to a keratinous surface, at least one peptide, at least one collagen containing compound, at least one penetration enhancer, at least one mucopolysaccharide, and at least one proteoglycan; wherein said ingredients are operable to associate in situ when the composition is applied to a keratinous surface and a method for plumping lips or skin by applying the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition which contains electric carriers apart from specific active agents and auxiliaries. According to the present invention, the composition contains 0.1 to 10% by weight of a cosmetically acceptable, solid electret material with a particle size of 0.05 to 100 ?m, which electret material is to be brought in the electrete state and has an induced permanent dipole moment and a permanent electric field with a field strength of 500 to 107 Vm?1, as well as cosmetic carrier substances, auxiliaries, further active agents or a mixture thereof in an amount ranging up to 100% by weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling the application of an insecticide on a surface, which comprises the use of an insecticide composition including a pH indicator colorant in an aqueous medium changing the colorless after drying in the air on said surface, and the recoloration of the insecticide composition by remoistering selected areas of the surface to be checked.

Abstract: The present invention provides a topical, high-dose, long-acting ectoparasiticide composition effective for protecting against ectoparasite infestation in a warm-blooded animal for a period of greater than about 6 weeks. Also provided is a method for the extension of the duration of activity of an ectoparasitcide.

Abstract: A suspension formulation for therapeutic use includes a non-aqueous, hydrophobic vehicle exhibiting viscous fluid characteristics, a dry particle formulation comprising a biomolecule dispersed in the vehicle, and a surfactant incorporated in at least one of the vehicle and dry particle formulation. A dry particle formulation includes an interferon, a buffer, a surfactant, and one or more stabilizers selected from the group consisting of a carbohydrate, an antioxidant, and an amino acid.

Abstract: An implantable bioreactor device and methods of use are provided. The device comprises a first compartment being configured capable of fluidic communication with a vasculature of a subject; and a second compartment configured for containing cells, said second compartment being separated from said first compartment by a membrane.

Abstract: Bone cages are disclosed including devices for biocompatible implantation. The structures of bone are useful for providing living cells and tissues as well as biologically active molecules to subjects.

Abstract: The present invention describes DNA coated stents and methods of using the same to treat or prevent vascular diseases, such as restenosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synthetic tissue scaffold, the scaffold comprising alternating layers of electrospun polymers and mammalian cells sandwiched within. A novel method is also provided for generating a three-dimensional tissue by electrospinning polymers and seeding cells in alternating layers on an aqueous solution in a desired shape. This invention is suitable for generating animal tissue as well as for delivery of drugs or other substances to a recipient.

Abstract: Described herein are N-substituted monomers and polymers, methods of making such monomers and polymers, and methods of using them in various applications, such as medical devices. In preferred embodiments, the medical device is a stent.

Abstract: Medical implants are provided which release an anthracycline, fluoropyrimidine, folic acid antagonist, podophylotoxin, camptothecin, hydroxyurea, and/or platinum complex, thereby inhibiting or reducing the incidence of infection associated with the implant.

Abstract: A barrier layer device is formed of an underlying biocompatible structure having a barrier layer coating that can exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, non-inflammatory properties, and/or adhesion-limiting properties, as well as generate a modulated healing effect on injured tissue. As implemented herein, the barrier layer is a non-polymeric cross-linked gel derived at least in part from a fatty acid compound, and may include a therapeutic agent. The underlying structure can be in the form of a surgical mesh. The barrier device is further provided with reinforced sections or portions to aid with the fastening of the barrier device for implantation purposes and prohibits or substantially reduces the occurrence of excessive stretching and tearing. The barrier device is implantable in a patient for short term or long term applications, and can include controlled release of the therapeutic agent.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention provides a contact lens comprising a lipid or phospholipid moiety bound optionally via a spacer to a physiologically acceptable monomer, dimer, oligomer, or polymer via an ester or amide bond, and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a pharmaceutical product thereof.

Abstract: An animal feed composition for monogastric non-human animals is disclosed comprising supplemental sinapic acid or derivatives thereof. Sinapic acid may be supplemented at a level of from 0.0005% to 3% of the feed composition by weight. The feed composition has the beneficial effect of promoting favourable intestinal microbial ecology by reducing pathogenic microbial populations, increasing favourable microbial populations, and increasing performance and growth characteristics in livestock animals.

Abstract: Provided are methods of treating pain, including neuropathic pain, in human and veterinary individuals. These methods employ locally administrable pharmaceutical gallium compositions, including pharmaceutical gallium compositions suitable for administration to the skin and mucous membranes. The compositions comprise pharmaceutically acceptable gallium compounds, such as gallium maltolate or gallium nitrate, together with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers suitable for local administration, including those suitable for topical administration. The administration of such compositions provides relief from pain, itching, allodynia, hyperalgesia, and related symptoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising extracts of Gramineae plant that improves cell viability under hypoxic conditions by inhibiting apoptosis. Thus, the extract of Triticum aestivum L., one of the Gramineae plant, of the present invention, in particular, prevents damage of brain, heart and kidney in animal models of ischemic diseases, and it also improves memory in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, a composition comprising extracts of Gramineae can be used as therapeutic agents or health care foods for preventing and treating ischemic diseases and degenerative brain diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transparent sheet-like cleansing agent obtained by preparing a composition that contains: (a) a water-soluble high molecular weight compound having a film forming ability; (b) an alkali salt of a fatty acid; and (c) a compound expressed by General Formula (I) below, General Formula (I) (where R is a C4-C34 alkyl group or C4-C34 alkenyl group, at least one of X1 and X2 is —CH2COOM and the other is a hydrogen atom, where M is an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal, ammonium, a lower alkanolamine cation, a lower alkylamine cation, or a basic amino acid cation), and uniformly mixing and dissolving (a), (b), and (c) to prepare an undiluted solution in which a ratio of expansion (volume after mixing and dissolution/volume before mixing and dissolution) caused by bubbles generated during the mixing and dissolution is not greater than 1.6, and performing film-formation from the undiluted solution.

Abstract: A sheet-shaped composition that is applicable to a wide spectrum of uses and can be transplanted through simple and easy transplanting technique. There is provided a sheet-shaped composition comprising amniotic membrane and, attached to the surface thereof, fibrinogen and thrombin. In one form, a cell layer is formed on the amnion on its side opposite to the side of adhesive component attachment.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and device for treating a tissue defect, disease or abnormality. The device includes an absorbent container adapted to be placed at a tissue site, the container constructed and arranged to absorb a bioactive solution prior to the placement at the tissue site and to carry the solution to the tissue site such that the solution interacts with the tissue and wherein the absorbent container is substantially free of a metal support structure. The method includes providing an absorbent container substantially free of a metal support structure, soaking the container in a bioactive solution such that the solution is absorbed by the container and placing the container at the tissue site such that the solution interacts with the tissue.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyvinyl chloride packing material for evaporative coolers, which packing material has incorporated therein an amount effective to prevent biofilm formation of one or more antimicrobials selected from the group consisting of the metal containing zeolites and the supported metals, where the metal of the metal containing zeolites is silver, copper, zinc, mercury, tin, lead, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, zirconium or a combination of two or more of these metals and where in the supported metals the metal is silver, a silver compound a silver complex or a combination of silver with copper, zinc or zirconium and where the support is SiO2, TiO2 or glass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nonaqueous preparation for percutaneous absorption prepared by laminating an adhesive layer comprising a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic in an alkali metal salt form, and an inorganic acid which is strongly acidic compared with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic in a free form, together with a nonaqueous base, on a support. According to the present invention, drug-releasing characteristics and skin penetration in a nonaqueous preparation for percutaneous absorption can be improved because the addition of an inorganic acid in a nonaqueous base containing a drug in an alkali metal salt form leads to an improvement in the solubility of the drug in the base, and a good partitioning of the drug to skin surface. In addition, as the inorganic acid has no alcoholic hydroxy group in the structure, the inorganic acid does not react with the drug, therefore it causes no lowering in the stability of the drug by esterification.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for intranasal delivery of interferon-? yielding improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results. In certain aspects of the invention, the interferon-? is delivered to the intranasal mucosa along with one or more intranasal delivery-enhancing agent(s) to yield substantially increased absorption and/or bioavailability of the interferon-? and/or a substantially decreased time to maximal concentration of interferon-? in a tissue of a subject as compared to controls where the interferon-? is administered to the same intranasal site alone or formulated according to previously disclosed reports. The enhancement of intranasal delivery of interferon-? according to the methods and compositions of the present invention allows for the effective pharmaceutical use of these agents to treat a variety of diseases and conditions in mammalian subjects.

Abstract: This invention relates to a transdermal system containing fentanyl as the active ingredient and consisting of or comprising a substrate, a mixture of the following ingredients applied to the substrate: the active ingredient, an oil-based aloe vera extract, a resin, and an adhesive, as well as a layer laminated to the mixture applied to the substrate.

Abstract: A transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) that is essentially composed of two compartments and is provided with activatable oversaturation and controlled permeation promotion. The invention more particularly relates to a TTS wherein an oversaturated active ingredient solution is produced in an active-substance-containing polymer matrix when the system is applied to the skin, caused by the controlled supply of one or several substances promoting the permeation of the pharmaceutical active ingredient; to the two compartments from which the inventive transdermal therapeutic system is assembled; and to the production of the transdermal therapeutic system from the two compartments.

Abstract: A method for screening for compounds or salts thereof, in particular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds or salts thereof, that are safe for gastric mucosa and cause little gastrointestinal side effects. The method uses a particular liposome to serve as a cell membrane model. The liposome encapsulates a fluorescent dye, in particular, calcein and is formed of phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol. A test compound is allowed to react with the liposome and the leakage of the fluorescent dye from the liposome is evaluated. As a result, compounds safe for gastric mucosa, in particular, anti-inflammatory compounds can be screened.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liposomes for drug delivery, wherein a liposome includes molecules of at least one desired drug distributed within an aqueous phase in the interior of the liposome and wherein the liposome further includes molecules of the same or of another drug attached to either or both sides of the liposomal membrane. More specifically, the invention relates to liposomes, wherein at least a part of the molecules of a desired drug bear a functional group that is reactive with a functional group present in at least one lipid fraction, and wherein the drug is covalently linked to the membrane lipids by chemical bonding, e.g. by ester bonding of a hydroxyl group of a lipid molecule and an acidic residue of the drug. In a preferred embodiment, the desired drug is a glycoprotein such as erythropoietin. The invention further relates to a method of manufacture of said liposomes and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: Methods are provided for prevention or treatment of inflammatory disease in a mammal by administering an inhibitor of mitogen activated (MAP) kinase system to the mammal in a therapeutic amount to the mammal in need thereof. The MAP kinase inhibitor is targeted to the central nervous system of the mammal. Methods are further provided for prevention or treatment of inflammatory disease in a mammal by administering an antagonist of TNF-? to the mammal in a therapeutic amount to the mammal in need thereof. The TNF-? antagonist is targeted to the central nervous system of the mammal.

Abstract: A sterol derivative with a pKa value of between 3.5 and 8, according to the general formula cation-spacer 2-Y-spacer 1-X-sterol, wherein Y and X represent linking groups, is suggested, as well as liposomes comprising such sterol derivatives.

Abstract: A method of providing capsules having a hydrogel shell and an oily interior and encapsulating a volatile, water-soluble substance, comprising the steps of (i) providing blank capsules having a hydrogel shell and an oily interior; and (ii) immersing said capsules in an aqueous solution of the volatile, water-soluble substance for a time sufficient for them to load to a desired extent with the volatile, water-soluble substance; the aqueous solution additionally comprising dissolved therein to saturation point at least one water-soluble, non-volatile material. The method permits the easy and durable encapsulation of volatile materials that hitherto have been difficult to encapsulate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition that is suitable for producing a plant-derived, practical capsule shell sheet having both sufficient strength and elongation as a capsule shell, superior adhesiveness and transparency, and a low burden on a drying step. The present invention also provides a capsule shell sheet obtained using the composition and a capsule preparation process. The composition of the present invention contains vegetable polysaccharides and a polyglutamic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel solid pharmaceutical composition of telithromycin which facilitates swallowing by the patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to an immediate release tablet capable of being chewed or disintegrated in the oral cavity, which comprises a plurality of particles in a matrix. The particles contain an active ingredient, such as ibuprofen, and a first water soluble acid having a solubility greater than about 10 g/100 mL water at 20° C.; and the matrix contains a second water soluble acid having a solubility less than about 5 g/100 mL water at 20° C.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical composition comprising 5 to 20% of an idazoxan salt or of idazoxan hydrate, 10 to 40% of microcrystalline cellulose, 1 to 5% of lubricant, 0.1 to 0.5% of colloidal silica and from 29.5% to 84.8% of lactose, with respect to the total mass.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bilayer pharmaceutical tablet comprising a first layer containing 3 to 50 wt. % of telmisartan dispersed in a dissolving tablet matrix and a second layer containing a diuretic in a disintegrating tablet matrix as well as a processes for producing same.

Abstract: Provided are prophylactic and therapeutic methods of treatment of subjects for the purpose of inhibiting vaso-occlusive events, including embolism, by administering agents, including anagrelide and anagrelide derivatives, which reduce the number of circulating platelets to low normal to below normal levels. Methods and pharmaceutical preparations comprising such agents are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compositions comprising a nanoparticulate naproxen composition in combination with a multiparticulate modified release hydrocodone composition that, upon administration to a patient, delivers a hydrocodone in a bimodal or multimodal manner. The multiparticulate modified release composition comprises a first component and at least one subsequent component; the first component comprising a first population of hydrocodone-comprising particles and the at least one subsequent component comprising a second population of hydrocodone-comprising particles, wherein the combination of the components exhibit a bimodal or multimodal release profile. The invention also relates to a solid oral dosage form comprising such a combination composition.

Abstract: In one embodiment a layered pharmaceutical formulation includes two or more pharmaceutical layers and an intermediate layer disposed between at least two of the two or more pharmaceutical layers, the intermediate layer configured to dissolve in vivo to thereby leave the two or more pharmaceutical layers substantially intact. In one embodiment, an active pharmaceutical ingredient in at least one of the pharmaceutical layers is selected from bupropion, zonisamide, naltrexone, topiramate, phentermine, metformin, olanzapine and fluoxetine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) a bioerodible water insoluble polymer matrix comprising a polyester polymer, wherein the polymer matrix has a melting point of less than 60° C. and (b) an active agent dispersed within the polymer matrix, wherein the composition is formulated to controllably release the active agent for a pre-determined period of time to a target site. Also disclosed are methods of treating a disease or condition with the disclosed compositions.

Abstract: A medicinal preparation is desired which has no harmful side effects such as hypersensitive reaction, heightens the water solubility of a sparingly water-soluble anticancer agent, maintains a high drug concentration in the blood, accumulates a drug in a tumor tissue at a high concentration, heightens the pharmacological effect of the sparingly water-soluble anticancer agent, and diminishes the side effects of the anticancer agent.