Abstract: A game executing method for making a computer device execute a given game by generating an image of a game space, and for analyzing and outputting a power distribution of a character group in the game space, the character group including a plurality of characters movable in the game space. The method includes setting a plurality of sample points in the game space; calculating a position of each character at a time that each character has maintained a current moving condition for a predetermined time period; calculating an arrival time needed for each character to arrive at each set sample point from the calculated position as a starting point; calculating the power distribution of the character group based on the calculated arrival time of each character to each sample point; and outputting a geographical power state of the game space based on the calculated power distribution according to a predetermined output method.

Abstract: A method and system for operating a video game or video game tournament (e.g., via a Web site) is disclosed. In accordance with the method and system a bonus is provided to a player playing the video game or participating in the video game tournament. In some embodiments a bonus is provided to the player if a rating associated with the player is worse than a threshold rating. In some embodiments a bonus is provided to the player if the occurrence of at least one predetermined condition is identified. Such a condition may be, for example, a condition that indicates the player will soon cease playing the video game or participating in the tournament.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and article generates a pseudo-random playing card sequence and distributes playing cards according the pseudo-random playing card sequence. For example, the method, apparatus and article generates a pseudo-random playing card sequence and prints playing cards in order of the pseudo-random playing card sequence. Further, the method, apparatus and article generates a pseudo-random playing card sequence based on a house advantage. Yet further, the method, apparatus and article can generate a promotional message on one or more playing cards.

Abstract: An improved external visual indicator such as a candle is provided for a gaming machine having lights such as LEDs which are programmable via a processor of the gaming machine. The reprogrammability of the illumination sequence and colors of the candle may provide for the promotion of bonusing and to aid in the servicing of gaming machines. Any assortment of colors of LEDs and combinations thereof may be provided and programmed via the processor of the gaming machine.

Abstract: An interactive game having a pre-determined outcome (e.g., a game of finite poker) that displays an initial hand of cards, receives a player-specified designation as to which cards are to held and which are to be discarded, and then displays an intermediate hand generated in accordance with the player-specified designation. Then a final hand is shown, and in those cases where the player-specified designation (Hold/Discard) is inconsistent with a transition from the intermediate hand to the final hand, an entertaining display is shown, such as a sequence of alternative playing cards. In some cases, the initial hand is a winning hand according to a predetermined payout schedule, and the final hand is a winning hand with a higher payout than the initial hand according to the same payout schedule. The disclosed methods can be used with other games, including reel-type games.

Abstract: The gaming apparatus of the present invention comprises a variable display unit configured to variably display a plurality of symbols, a front side display unit located in front of the variable display unit and configured to enable viewing of the symbols displayed by the variable display unit, an internally winning prize determiner configured to determine an internally winning prize, a stopping controller configured to stop the varying of display of the variable display unit based on a result of determination by the internally winning prize determiner, and wherein the front side displaying unit does not display any objects on an area for enabling viewing of the symbols displayed by the variable display unit, and a prize is awarded if a stopped state displayed on the variable display unit, which is caused by the stopping controller, matches a prescribed stopped state.

Abstract: A gaming terminal for playing a wagering game includes a basic game and a bonus game. The basic game has a plurality of symbols that indicate a randomly selected outcome from a plurality of outcomes in response to a wager input by a player. The bonus game is triggered by a predetermined event such as by selecting a start-bonus outcome from the plurality of outcomes. The bonus game includes a plurality of free spins and a plurality of blind selections, at least one of the blind selections being selected before playing each of the free spins. The selected blind selection reveals a bonus enhancement that is provided to the player after the bonus enhancement has been revealed.

Abstract: A mechanical display and a mechanical indicator for gaming devices includes various embodiments, each of which have a number of elements in common. First, the embodiments each include a rotating set of symbols or indicia. Second, each of the embodiments includes an oscillating indicator, such as an arrow. The symbols rotate, appear and disappear from the player's view. In this manner, the player sees each of the symbols and hopes that the gaming device awards the symbol having the highest or best value. The one or more indicators move in a sequence to point out or indicate one of the symbols or one of the groups of symbols. The indicators provide a second random, visual element to the outcome, wherein the player's attention must account for both the changing symbols and the moving indicators. The symbol eventually indicated produces, at least in part, a game outcome.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of dynamically storing critical data of a gaming machine by allocating and deallocating memory space in a gaming machine is disclosed. One or more embodiments describe downloading or removing a new game to a gaming machine such that all existing critical data in NV-RAM memory is left intact. In one embodiment, the invention discloses a method and apparatus for dynamically allocating and deallocating memory space to accommodate either permanent or temporary storage in an NV-RAM. A method and apparatus is provided to monitor available memory space and dynamically resize the memory in NV-RAM. In one embodiment, a method is disclosed for performing an integrity check of the NV-RAM and determining whether a critical data error has occurred. In one or more embodiments, methods of compacting and shifting contents of an NV-RAM are described to consolidate available memory space or to prevent unauthorized access of NV-RAM memory.

Abstract: A method for transferring credits between gaming devices connected by a network to a host computer comprising. A player account accessible by the host computer is created. The player can access the account by inserting a card into a card reader at one of the gaming devices. A casino employee may apply credit to the account responsive to receipt of funds from the player. A predetermined amount of credit is transferred from the account to an EGM responsive to a command entered by the player at the EGM. Alternatively, the player applies a credit to the gaming device, typically by inserting bills into a bill acceptor. The credit and any awards resulting from gaming-device play are stored on a credit meter associated with the gaming device. Access to the account is terminated when the player withdraws the card from the card reader. A player initiates a request to redeem the balance stored on the credit meter by depressing a cash-out button.

Abstract: A method for providing a product is described in which a selection of a product is received from a customer, a game is selected by the customer, the customer provides his credit card number, the customer plays the game and an outcome is determined. If the customer wins, the credit card is charged a game fee, if the customer loses, the credit card is charged the price of the product. In either case, the product is then provided to the customer.

Abstract: A flexible coupling device for mounting on axially opposed rotatable shafts comprises a pair of opposing hubs, a flexible connecting sleeve, and a pair of opposing retainers. Each of the hubs has a plurality of hub engaging elements extending there from. The flexible connecting sleeve has a plurality of internal sleeve engaging elements extending there from that mate with the hub engaging elements and a plurality of external sleeve engaging elements extending there from. The retainers are removeably attached to the hubs. Each of the retainers has an internal flange that engages the external sleeve engaging elements to restrict movement of the connecting sleeve relative to the hubs and the retainers.

Abstract: A golf club is fabricated with at least one vertical stability plate and/or at least one horizontal stability plate at a club head. The golf club is provided with a stability plate and an asymmetrical wing, or a combination of the same, which are installed at an upper side or left and right sides of the head of the golf club such as a driver, wood or iron, for example. An aerodynamic force generated in a downward direction by the loft of the club face is compensated by asymmetric wings applying an aerodynamic lifting force to an upper direction of the club head during a swing of the club. Even when a golfer has a swing speed or posture problem when swinging a club, the head of the club is guided to rotate along a desired proper orbit. A golf ball can be hit by a sweet spot of the head face of the club due to the stability and compensating force for achieving a straight drive, and enhanced flying distance.

Abstract: A golf club head, particularly for putting, includes a main body having a leading section and a trailing section where the leading section has a top edge and a bottom edge and the trailing section has a top edge and a bottom edge. A sole portion interconnects the bottom edge of the leading section and the bottom edge of the trailing section. A heel portion and a toe portion each include a weight disposed therein. In addition, a third weight is disposed in the trailing section of the club. The weighting is such that the moment of inertia of the club head is increased over known putters.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to an improved golf ball retrieval and positioning device. Unlike other anti-bend golf products, the golf ball retrieval and positioning system of various embodiments of the present invention includes a golf ball positioning device and a golf ball retrieval device that also functions as a base for supporting a golf ball in a teeing position. The components of the present invention are modular and interface with an existing golf club through a hole that exists in the end of a golf club grip. As a result, the present invention provides an improved system for teeing and retrieving golf balls without having to bend over. The system is inexpensive, easily portable, and non-damaging to the golf club.

Abstract: A golf club head (42) having a substantially square or rectangular body is disclosed herein. The golf club head (42) preferably has a volume ranging from 420 cubic centimeters to 470 cubic centimeters. The golf club head (42) preferably has a moment of inertia about the Izz axis through the center of gravity of the golf club head greater than 4000 grams-centimeters squared, and a moment of inertia about the Ixx axis through the center of gravity of the golf club head greater than 3000 grams-centimeters squared.

Abstract: A muscle-back iron golf club head includes a blade-like upper mass, a muscle-like lower mass, a planar front surface, a top surface, a sole surface, a heel surface, a toe surface, and a rear surface having a first contour. A recess is in the rear surface, the recess having a first portion in the blade-like upper mass and a second portion in the muscle-like lower mass. An insert may be provided in the recess, and such insert may substantially fill the recess and may include a back surface having a second contour which is different from the first contour of the club head rear surface.

Abstract: A hollow golf club head is provided. A sole portion is provided with at least one rib extended from a toe side to a heel side. The rib is curved in a manner that a toe-side end and a heel-side end of the rib are located closer to a face side than a central part of the rib.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball with a ball surface having a plurality of non-circular dimples thereon, wherein mutually neighboring dimples have contour lines therebetween which are arranged so as to be substantially parallel and are separated by an interval of 0.05 to 1.0 mm, land areas defined by the substantially parallel contour lines have an outer surface which forms the outermost peripheral face of the ball, and the non-circular dimples have a non-circular shape with inside angles that are curved. This arrangement endows the ball with a distinctive, aesthetically pleasing appearance on account of the dimple pattern composed largely of non-circular dimples. Moreover, even though numerous non-circular dimples are arranged on the surface of the ball, the high surface coverage and air resistance-lowering effect enable the distance traveled by the ball to be increased.

Abstract: Golf ball 2 has a core 4, a cover 6 and numerous dimples 8. The cover 6 has a thickness of less than 3.0 mm and a hardness H4 of equal to or greater than 90. A difference (H2?H1) of a surface hardness H2 of the core 4 and a central hardness H1 of the core 4 is 10 or greater and 25 or less. A difference (H4?H1) of the hardness H4 of the cover 6 and a surface hardness H1 of the core 4 is equal to or greater than 25. A difference (H4?H2) of the hardness H4 of the cover 6 and a surface hardness H2 of the core 4 is 10 or greater and 20 or less. Provided that mean diameter of all the dimples 8 is Da, a ratio (N1/N) of number N1 of adjacent dimple pairs having a pitch of (Da/4) or less to total number N of the dimples 8 is equal to or greater than 2.70. A ratio (N2/N1) of number N2 of adjacent dimple pairs having a pitch of (Da/20) or less to the number N1 is equal to or greater than 0.50.

Abstract: The disclosed basketball net has enhanced sound making ability due to a series of strips attached to a rung of the net. These strips are made from a flexible material and make sound when contacted by a basketball passing through the net. The strips can have an air pocket which collapses due to the force of the basketball moving along it, creating a loud sound as the surfaces of the strip collide against each other. Embodiments of the present invention having strips with no air pockets as well as noise making materials on the inner surfaces of the strips are shown.

Abstract: A pocket for a lacrosse head including a scoop, a throat, first and second sides, a front and a back. The pocket comprises first and second runners engaging the scoop and the throat, wherein the runners are positioned substantially adjacent to each other. A tubular member can be positioned between the first and second runners and a cross member can traverse the tubular member. The first runner restricts movement of the tubular member relative to the first side while the second runner restricts movement of the tubular member relative to the second side. The cross member can be connected to the first and second sides of the lacrosse head and move relative to the first and second sides independent of the first or second runner. Alternately, the cross member can engage the first runner to the second runner wherein the cross member restricts movement of the first runner relative to the second runner.

Abstract: A belt assembly, particularly for driving camshafts of an internal combustion engine, includes a driving gear, at least one driven gear, a belt, and a first and a second tensioner blade that are joined to one another for transmitting a defined force and motion. One tensioner blade can be subjected to the action of tension force by use of a first tensioning device supported on the tensioner blade on one side and externally on the other, and the tensioner blades can be subjected to the action of tension force by use of a second tensioning device both with regard to one another as well as with regard to a case of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The device includes a cover coupled to a first flange on the opposite side from an internally meshing planetary reduction gear part. The cover has a hole through which the input shaft of the reduction gear extends. An oil reservoir section is formed between the cover and the first flange. Oil seals are provided between the input shaft and the cover, and between the input shaft and a second flange, respectively.

Abstract: A front-wheel-drive transaxle unit for a motor vehicle comprises a differential assembly having a differential mechanism disposed in a differential case and two opposite output shafts outwardly extending from the differential case and a torque-coupling device for selectively restricting differential rotation of the differential mechanism. The torque-coupling device includes a friction clutch assembly for selectively frictionally engaging and disengaging the differential case and one of the output shafts, and a selectively controllable clutch actuator assembly for selectively frictionally loading the friction clutch assembly. The clutch assembly includes at least one first member non-rotatably coupled to the differential case and at least one second member non-rotatably coupled to one of said output shafts. The torque-coupling device provides the differential assembly of the front-wheel-drive transaxle unit with both limited-slip and open differential capabilities.

Abstract: A differential assembly includes a differential housing including a substantially spherically shaped chamber. A pair of side gears are rotatably positioned in the chamber in driving communication with a pair of pinion gears. A pair of springs are positioned in engagement with the end faces of the side gears to minimize gear lash between the side gears and the pinion gears.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transmission capable of providing a forward and a reverse drive for a model vehicle. The transmission comprises a drive gear and at least one transfer gear which is capable of engaging the drive gear. The at least one transfer gear is contained within a gear housing. An output gear is coupled to an output shaft, and the output gear is capable of engaging the at least one transfer gear. The transmission also comprises a locker ring capable of receiving the output gear and a shift lever assembly which is coupled to the locker ring. The shift lever assembly is also capable of engaging the gear housing. The invention also provides a method of changing a direction of travel of a vehicle and a system for controlling a direction of travel of a vehicle.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for providing a range gearbox with a planetary gear (1) for a motor vehicle that is configured to be connected to the output side of a basic gearbox. The ring gear (18) of the planetary gear is axially displaceable. The ring gear (18) can alternatively engage coupling rings (10, 16). A synchronizing ring (15) is intended to synchronize the rotational speed difference between the ring gear (18) and one or other coupling ring (10, 16). The synchronizing ring (15) and the coupling ring (16) are arranged coaxially outside the ring gear (18). Bars (25) for engaging the coupling ring (16) and bars (25, 25b) for driving said synchronizing ring (15) are arranged on the radially external side of the ring gear (18). The coupling ring (16) is arranged between the synchronizing ring (15) and the fork (27).

Abstract: A method of performing a directional shifting event in a hydrostatic drive work machine, and a hydrostatic drive work machine is provided. The method includes the step of adjusting a pump displacement of a variable displacement pump coupled with an engine and a hydraulic motor of the work machine, at a rate based at least in part on one or both of a predetermined acceleration limit and a predetermined jerk limit of the work machine. The work machine includes an electronic control module having a computer readable medium with a directional shifting control algorithm recorded thereon. The control algorithm is operable to adjust a pump displacement in a hydrostatic drive of the work machine at a rate based at least in part on one or both of the predetermined acceleration limit or jerk limit of the work machine.

Abstract: A process for controlling an automated motor vehicle drive train which has an engine and a transmission, with the step of at least once detecting at least one wear parameter of the transmission during its running performance, the wear parameter representing the wear or the fatigue of at least one component of the transmission. A load limit parameter, which represents the maximum load on the transmission due to the engine, is set as a function of the detected wear parameter.

Abstract: A vehicle powertrain modelling system includes a powertrain model (20), a vehicle model (30), a seat model (55), a driver model (60) and a correlation element (50) comprising a neural network. As a result vehicle development is enhanced, using the neural network (50) to correlate modelled shift aspects with previous subjectively obtained ratings.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system of an automatic transmission that precisely control is operating hydraulic pressure supplied to a frictional element during shifting and can eliminate oil leak under a maximum operating hydraulic pressure. The hydraulic control system controls a hydraulic pressure generated by a hydraulic pump to from an operating hydraulic pressure for a frictional element selectively operating at each shift ratio. A hydraulic line is configured such that the operating hydraulic pressure of the frictional element is controlled by a pressure control valve and a switching valve that are controlled by a solenoid valve. An exhaust hydraulic line of the pressure control valve is connected to an exhaust hydraulic line of the switching valve such that the exhaust hydraulic line of the pressure control valve can be controlled by a switching of the switching valve.

Abstract: An adjustable apparatus for exercising the neck including an assembly connected to an anchor by a tether that has an elastic portion. The assembly includes a cap, a harness to secure the cap on the head, and a saddle piece that extends across the back of the neck. The cap can be a helmet that forms a cam surface with a channel for slideably receiving the tether and a frontal extension forming a continuation of the cam surface. The tether is secured to the posterior of the helmet so as to extend over the cam surface to the anterior portion. The head assembly further includes a tether attachment adjustment mechanism, a harness adjusting ratchet, and a semi-rigid saddle to apply pressure to the neck of the person when the harness is tightened by the harness adjusting ratchet and when the head is tipped backwardly pulling on the tether.

Abstract: A shaking exerciser includes a base having two supports between which a pivotable frame is connected. A side frame is connected to one of the two supports and has two roller members. A top pad unit is connected to a top of the pivotable frame and has an extension rod which is connected to the swing rod which extends through the support and extends between the two roller members. A driving device is connected to the base and has a link which is connected to the pivotable frame by an eccentric member so as to pivot the pivotable frame and the top pad unit. The extension rod on the top pad unit swings the swing rod so as to let the top pad unit to move in different directions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a training bag apparatus. A preferred embodiment of the training bag apparatus includes: (a) a base including (1) a bottom part having an upper surface and a lower surface wherein the lower surface has a rounded edge extending around the lower surface and (2) a top part attached to the upper surface of the bottom part of the base; and (b) a column supported on the top part of the base and extending substantially vertically upward from the top part of the base. The column and the base are an integral one-piece unit and move in the same direction when the column is struck.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a bench and board section including a stationary bench having first and second opposite ends, and a board having first and second opposite ends, with the first end of the board pivotally mounted adjacent the second end of the stationary bench, each of the bench and board being formed substantially from a single piece which can selectively support a torso of a person and legs of the person, and a resistance device in contact with the single piece board and which applies a resistance to pivotal movement of the board, while permitting the board to swing up and down against a resistance applied by the resistance device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing packages, comprising a fist plurality of arms (2) which are at substantially equal mutual spacing, on symmetric distribution about a circle, radially extend about a geometric axis (X) and located in a common plane at right angles to the axis, as well as a second plurality of treatment stations (4) which are disposed a radial distance from the axis (X), as well as rotary means which are disposed to rotate the arms intermittently about the axis (X) between the treatment stations (4), the arms (2) and the treatment stations (4) being disposed in relation to one another such that the position of the arms (2) and the position of the treatment stations (4) coincide after the intermittent rotations. In a single indexing state, the apparatus (1) is configured to be disposed to rotate the arms to one distribution at a time, and in a double indexing state, to be disposed to rotate the arms (2) two distributions at a time.

Abstract: feeding mechanism, an expanding mechanism, a folding mechanism for folding front and rear parts of a bottom of a cardboard box, a folding mechanism for folding left and right parts of a bottom of a cardboard box, and a conveying mechanism; the feeding mechanism has a holding space, in which flattened boxes are received; the expanding mechanism includes a horizontally moving member, an expanding arm pivoted to the horizontally moving member, and several suction elements; a cardboard box will be expanded when the horizontally moving member moves with the suction elements applying suction on the box to fix the box thereto, and with the expanding arm pivoting 90 degrees; after a cardboard box has been expanded, the folding mechanisms function one after the other to fold front and rear parts and left and right parts of a bottom of the box.

Abstract: A puncture or gripper cylinder is provided with at least one puncture strip that is provided with gripper pins or point needles. These pins are extendable from the cylinder to puncture and to grip a signature. At least one deflector is carried on the puncture cylinder and is extendable and retractable with respect to a surface of the cylinder. The deflector, when it is extended at least temporarily shields the signature from subsequent pins.

Abstract: Materials, devices and methods for the treatment of congestive heart failure are disclosed. In these methods, the volume of the left ventricle is reduced, thereby increasing the efficiency of the pumping action of the heart. Volume reduction is accomplished by introduction of biocompatible materials into the wall of the left ventricle, or into the ventricle itself. Also disclosed is a method for ventricular geometry reduction wherein flexible, elastic bands are attached to the external surface of the heart to affect a decrease in the volume of the left ventricle. Other disclosed devices include catheters and elastic bands that are usable in these treatments. Finally, disclosed is a device having an anchor disposed proximate the heart's apex, a plurality of petals, and a tensioning band secured to at least one of the petals.

Abstract: A remotely controlled gastric band system that is practically immune to external magnetic fields, such as from a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine, incorporates a bi-directional pump and fluid reservoir to adjust fluid volume in a gastric band. A piezoelectrically driven (e.g., rotary actuator, linear actuator) selectively compresses and expands a metal bellows hermetically sealed within a biocompatible and nonferromagnetic case such as titanium.

Abstract: A cyclic orifice penetrating device according to the present disclosure may include portable frame for supporting the penetration drive mechanism. The frame provides three degrees of adjustment to permit adjustment for a range of user physiques as well as multiple use modes. A drive mechanism according to the present disclosure includes a motor driven, generally conical cam to activate the cam follower. The cams may be formed to have a number of profiles and may be easily removed and replaced to permit the penetration device to simulate a variety of user partners. The cam follower may be laterally adjusted across the cam during use to permit the user to control the amount of cyclic lateral travel of the penetrating element or elements. The motor speed may also be adjusted by the user to suite user preferences.

Abstract: A penile prosthesis is provided, which includes a generally cylindrical body portion comprising a cavity with an inner wall, a proximal end, a distal end, and at least one volume-displacing member occupying at least a portion of the cavity, wherein the at least one volume-displacing member is smaller in at least one dimension than the dimensions of the cavity to provide an internal chamber at least partially surrounding the at least one volume-displacing member and adjacent to the inner wall of the cavity. The prosthesis further includes a fluid transfer tube extending from the body portion for transferring fluid to and from the internal chamber, wherein the device is convertible from a flaccid condition to a rigid condition when a sufficient volume of fluid is transferred into the internal chamber to substantially fill the internal chamber.

Abstract: A restrictor for relieving the symptoms of erectile dysfunction by applying pressure to the corpora cavernosa. The restrictor includes a visual gauge for signaling a purchaser of adequate fit and/or potential overuse. The restrictor includes a surface treatment that changes temperature with color. The restrictor may be a rigid metal ring having a thermochromic surface treatment, such as a layer of liquid crystals covered with transparent glass or plastic. The restrictor may also be a flexible band wrapped in or made from a material dyed with a leuco dye or a dye including microencapsulated liquid crystals in suspension. The color change indicated by the thermochromic surface treatment indicates adequate fit and/or potential overuse.

Abstract: An expandable surgical retractor for use in minimal incision surgery is disclosed. The retractor consists of a fiber optic central rod surrounded by flexible wires designed to create an open space for visualization and surgical work within an illuminated surgical field. The flexible wires are disposed via selective pressure of the surgeon and are variable in number. The configuration will allow for both forward and back illumination of the surgical field. The expandable surgical retractor allows for surgical visualization in anatomical areas heretofore too complicated for surgical consideration. Other embodiments of the expandable surgical retractor are contemplated wherein a handle with an aperture may replace the central rod. The flexible wires may fit in openings around the aperture. The handle, in this embodiment, may have a light source and may be adapted to be used in select areas of anatomy. Further, the handle may be transparent.

Abstract: A wireless patient monitor is adapted to communicate with any one of plural medical telemetry networks, each having one or more central stations, where each network is configured to communicate via wireless communications using one of multiple different communications settings. The monitor includes one or more sensor inputs for receiving vital signs data from a patient, a wireless transceiver, and a controller coupled to receive the vital signs data via the one or more sensor inputs and to communicate with a network via the transceiver. The monitor also includes a display device and is controllable by the controller to automatically display a notification to a user of the monitor upon establishing communications with the at least one central station. There is also a method of monitoring a patient and a wireless medical telemetry system.

Abstract: A pulse wave is detected in a predetermined location of a living body, and the progressive wave component and reflected wave component are extracted from the pulse wave. The pulse wave propagation time is calculated from the progressive wave component and reflected wave component, and blood pressure is calculated on the basis of this pulse wave propagation time. The use of this method provides blood pressure measuring apparatus capable of continuously measuring blood pressure with a simple method.

Abstract: A method for the continuous non-invasive measurement of blood pressure includes at least one first pressure cuff and one second pressure cuff of comparable or identical size, each cuff including an inflatable pressure measuring chamber applicable to a first and a second body part or region containing an artery. The first pressure cuff has a first plethysmographic sensor connected to a regulating and control device used to regulate the pressure in a first pressure measuring chamber by means of a measuring signal of the plethysmographic sensor. The first pressure measuring chamber is connected to a pressure sensor in order to obtain a pressure measuring signal. The second pressure measuring chamber is a reference pressure chamber that can be regulated at the same time as the first pressure measuring chamber, independently therefrom, and can be regulated by the regulating and control device according to a pre-determinable pressure function.

Abstract: A method and system for operating a non-invasive blood pressure monitor that utilizes an SpO2 plethysmograph signal to determine the initial inflation pressure for the blood pressure cuff of the NIBP monitor. A pulse sensor is placed on the patient's limb distal to the blood pressure cuff such that as the blood pressure cuff is inflated, the pulse signals from the pulse sensor will be reduced. When the blood pressure cuff reaches systolic pressure, the pulse signals from the pulse sensor will be initially attenuated and eventually eliminated, thus providing an indication that the cuff pressure has reached systolic pressure for the patient. The central processor of the NIBP monitor compares the pulse signals during cuff inflation to an average pulse signal and terminates the inflation of the blood pressure cuff upon sufficient attenuation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of assessment of relative changes in the cross sectional area of a limb artery. The method includes applying to the artery an external pressure, which causes the cross-sectional area of the artery to change between systole and diastole much more than if the pressure is not applied, determining, over one or more cardiac cycles, a baseline value for a parameter related to the cross-sectional area of the artery, while the pressure is applied, applying a stimulus to the artery, determining, over one or more cardiac cycles, a stimulus-affected value for the parameter related to the cross-sectional area of the artery, while the pressure is applied and while the artery is in a dilated state affected by the stimulus and evaluating the artery based on a comparison of the determined stimulus-affected and baseline values, the baseline value is determined while the artery is substantially not affected by the stimulus.