Abstract: A windshield wiper for clearing environmental debris from a windscreen provided to a motor vehicle. The windshield wiper comprises an arm support to be coupled to a rotatable pivot head provided to the motor vehicle for oscillating the windshield wiper during operation thereof, and a wiper arm coupled to the arm support and supporting a wiper blade that contacts the windscreen with a desired bearing force. A first spring fastener is provided to the arm support and a second spring fastener is provided to the wiper arm and separated from the first spring fastener by a first distance when the windshield wiper is assembled. At least one additional spring fastener is provided to the wiper arm, the arm support, or both the wiper arm and the arm support.

Abstract: A chalk-dust collecting apparatus for blackboard erasers has a housing that contains a dust-collecting bag, a filter and a vacuum suction device. The housing is affixed with an upper lid on the top thereof. The dust-collecting bag is with its top end attached by a lid. The lid is received by the outer shoulder portion of the intermediate cover and comprises a plurality of lower air inlet slits. Further, the upper lid has a plurality of upper air inlet slits arranged correspondingly to the lower air inlet slits in the manner that each said upper air inlet slit is intercommunicated with a respective said lower air inlet slit. Thereby, chalk dust at the upper air inlet slits can be directly sucked into the bag through the lower air inlet slits and prevented from diffusing between the dust-collecting bag and upper lid. Thereby cleanness of the apparatus can be achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a suction system of an electric machine tool, comprising a housing (12), a pot part (20) of the housing (12), and a transmission chamber (13), with a suction device (10) for receiving air that is contaminated with drilled material, and a suction duct (11) for sucking off the air. The suction device (10) can be connected to the electric machine tool via a joining element (15) while the suction duct (11) is disposed at least in part inside the housing (12) of the electric machine tool. The invention further relates to an electric machine tool comprising a suction system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pneumatic device for cleaning ventilation ducts which includes a guiding air hammer, a turning conduit, an air-supply pipe and a slewing mechanism for the conduit. The guiding air hammer is of a hollow spherical or hemispherical shape, connected to the turning conduit and provided with cleaning fumarole and guiding fumarole on its rear arc wall. When cleaning the ventilation duct, according to the principle of air motion, the guiding air hammer cleans our of dust lain on the inner walls and in all the corners of the ventilation ducts with the air-supply pipe stretching means retracting and stretching the air-supply pipe, without an operator entering the ventilation duct. The air-supply pope stretching means may be controlled by manual operation or program composition. The design of the invention may be use for cleaning all ventilation ducts with polygonal section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a closure means for holding closed a door which is able to hinge in a frame, comprising a securing means which can be positioned on a first edge of the closed door and also a tightening unit which can be positioned on a second edge of the closed door and a cable or strap which, when the door is closed, runs through a gap between the door and frame and is fastened at one end to the securing means and fastened at the other end in the tightening unit, the tightening unit comprising inter alia a base plate with an opening for feeding through the cable or strap and also a tightening mechanism for tensioning and holding under tension the cable or strap guided through the opening and a cap with a lock which can be positioned on the base plate so as to produce a seal around the tightening mechanism.

Abstract: A hinge assembly is mounted between a cover and a main case of an electronic appliance and has a base, a rotating bracket, two sleeves, a positioning spacer and a positioning assembly. The base connects to the main case and has a receiving hole. The rotating bracket has a central shaft and two side shafts. The sleeves connect to the cover and are mounted around the side shaft. The positioning spacer is mounted securely on the central shaft and has a positioning detent selectively aligning with the receiving hole. The positioning assembly is mounted in the receiving hole of the base and selectively engages the positioning detent. When the cover is rotated relative to the main case along the longitudinal axis, the central shaft rotates the positioning spacer relative to the positioning assembly. When the positioning assembly engages the positioning detent, the cover is positioned relative to the main case.

Abstract: A push-out style window assembly including window hardware for frictionally retaining an open position of the window under typical loading conditions. A push-out style window assembly generally includes a friction hinge assembly including a track, a sash arm, a support arm, and a friction arm. The friction arm can include an adjustable and/or detachable slide enabling adjustment of a frictional resistance between the friction slider and the support arm. Using the friction arm, frictional resistance is provided so as to provide control both during opening of the window and in retaining the position of an open window.

Abstract: An exemplary hinge assembly includes a shaft, a cam, a pin, a follower, a shift member, a socket, a first spring, and a second spring. A pinhole is defined in the shaft. The cam, the follower, and the shift member are rotatably sleeved on the shaft. The cam has a cam surface and a spiral slot. The pin is disposed in the pinhole and the spiral slot. The follower has an anti-rotating portion and a cam surface for engaging with the cam surface of the cam. The shift member has a controlling portion for slidably engaging with the anti-rotating portion. The first and the second spring are sleeved on the shaft. An end of the first spring resists the follower and another end of the first spring resists the shift member. An end of the second spring resists the follower and another end of the second spring resisting the socket.

Abstract: A telescopic hand tool consists of a main body, a bar and a positioning device. The bar possesses an axial hole bored axially from its one end for engaging with a telescopic bar of the main body, and a sliding groove dug around its surface, bored with a ball hole. The positioning device includes a restricting knob, a compression spring and a restricting plate. The restricting knob can slide restrictively along within the sliding groove by means of a restricting block so as to let the main body move in the bar axially. The compression spring can push elastically the restricting knob back to its original position to press on a steel ball restricted in a restricting ball hole of the main body, keeping the main body locked restrictively in the bar.

Abstract: A method of producing a high quality of yarn by an iron-heating apparatus, including the steps of: guiding a yarn to pass between upper and lower rollers, wherein the yarn is exited at a front nip in a twisting triangle area; guiding the yarn to enter to a groove of a heating main body of the iron-heating apparatus; heating the yarn along the groove to reduce a rigidity of the yarn so as to allow the yarn to be easily twisted to form an improved yarn with high quality; and enwrapping the improved yarn on a spun yarn tube. In addition, a counter frictional force is applied at the yarn through walls of the groove such that fiber on a surface of the yarn is further twisted to the yarn for minimizing hairiness.

Abstract: A textile lapping machine has an inclined reciprocating comb which deposits a vertically descending fibrous web onto a mesh belt of an endless conveyor which travels through an oven. A reciprocating presser bar pushes the pleats formed by the comb into a shark unit which extends across the width of the mesh belt. The unit has a toothed plate which initially slows the pleated web and longitudinal fingers which overlie the conveyor and form a shallow lapping zone. A textile card delivers the fibrous web to the lapping zone and the oven fuses any low melt synthetic fibers in the web to the surrounding fibers to give a batt with a density of 80-2000 gsm. The comb path direction remains constant and the presser bar and shark unit are moved towards and away from the comb. The drives to the comb and presser bar are independent.

Abstract: A decorative charm and fastener system and its method for use upon an item to be worn by the user or a pet animal; the item to be worn may be a shoe, an item of clothing (including shirts, hats and caps, or the like), or a pet collar. The fundamental embodiment features a charm part and a base part that may be connected together on opposite sides of the item to be worn, with the item situated between the base part and the charm part. The system also includes an elastically compressible washer member that is placed upon the charm part. The compressible washer promotes a secure, yet temporary, connection between the charm part and base part when those respective parts are installed upon an item. Assortments of different charms thus are interchangeable for temporary attachment to the base part. Specialized alternative versions of the apparatus are disclosed for use upon the shoelaces of a shoe, as a pet collar.

Abstract: A hose clamp for temporarily clamping bellows hoses or the like to stop liquid flow during repair or maintenance work include first and second jaws hingedly connected, and a locking cam for securing the jaws into a closed position or for unlocking to enable opening of the jaws for installation or release from a hose being clamped.

Abstract: The present invention is a sterilizable, reusable flexible bag closure device for closing the open end(s) of a flexible bag. The closure device comprises two primary structural components: an elongated clamp member and an elongated rod member. The open end of the flexible bag is folded around the elongated rod member. The combination of the rod member with the bag end folded over the rod member is then installed into the interior space of the clamp member.

Abstract: To provide a knotless cord that is capable of exerting sufficient tensile strength of a fibrous body. A knotless cord has a sleeve and a fibrous body inserted into the sleeve, wherein the sleeve and the fibrous body are connected to each other by applying tension in a longitudinal direction of the sleeve and then tightening the sleeve. Moreover, in the knotless cord a locking portion for preventing the fibrous body from slipping out of the sleeve is provided in at least two sections (first locking portion, second locking portion). Therefore, stress generated by applying tension is dispersed throughout the entire fibrous body, while preventing the fibrous body from slipping out of the sleeve, whereby stress concentration occurring in each locking portion is alleviated.

Abstract: A strap fastening assembly comprises a strap and at least one fastener for fastening the strap to tie an article. The fastener comprises a fastening portion and an adjustable portion. The fastening portion is configured to secure a section of the strap thereon in case the strap is loosened by pulling the strap in one direction. The adjustable portion is configured to connect, adjust and tighten another section of the strap to tie the article.

Abstract: A buckle structure includes a housing including a top plate and two side plates, a sliding wedge and a pivotal piece. Each side plate has a guiding slot. The sliding wedge is positioned below the housing and has projection portions projecting from its two sides. The projection portions are fit into corresponding guiding slots of the housing, and stoppers are positioned on top surface of the sliding wedge. The waist belt is fastened by the stoppers positioned on top surface of the sliding wedge so that the waist belt will not be loosed. Connection portions are extending from the top plate, and each connection portion has a through hole at its midpoint. Pivotal pins are extending from the pivotal piece and correspond to the through holes of the two connection portions. The pivotal piece is formed with the two pivotal pins so structure is simplified and cost is lowered.

Abstract: An open-type hose clamp which comprises a plastically deformable “Oetiker” ear as tightening device that requires a predetermined minimum plastic deformation for desired operation. Proper operation of the “Oetiker” ear is assured by a lost motion connection. The lost motion connection which also forms the mechanical connection between overlapping band portions includes at least one outwardly extending member extending outwardly from the inner band portion and adapted to engage in a corresponding aperture in the outer band portion, whereby the mechanical connection is such as to prevent use of an undersize clamp with a given hose and to assure a lock up of the mechanical connection upon engagement of the outwardly extending member in the aperture during tightening of the clamp.

Abstract: An open-type hose clamp which comprises a mechanical connection between overlapping inner and outer band portions, in which the mechanical connection includes at least one outwardly extending member extending outwardly from the inner band portion and adapted to engage in a corresponding aperture in the outer band portion, and in which the mechanical connection is such as to assure a lock up of the mechanical connection upon engagement of the outwardly extending member in the aperture and tightening of the clamp.

Abstract: In a member having spring properties, such as a slider for a slide fastener or a snap button, the member main unit is composed of copper or a copper-based alloy, and the spring member attached to the member main unit is also composed of copper or a copper-based alloy. This eliminates the trouble of having to separate the structural components when recycling copper and also allows regenerated ingots to be readily prepared through a remelting process, thereby lowering recycling costs.

Abstract: A top end stop is provided to adjoin a fastener element row, and a projecting portion is formed on an inner side face of a main body such that the projecting portion projects sideway, so as to form a concave portion in which a flange of a slider invades. A projecting piece thinner than the projecting portion is located in the concave portion such that the projecting piece extends from a contact face of the projecting portion to the inner side face of the main body in a triangular shape while its front end is inclined. Consequently, the flange presses the top end stop against a tape face by sliding of the slider, the top end stop itself is reinforced, the longitudinal pulling strength is improved, and a step between the main body and the projecting portion is smoothed, whereby a top end stop favorably tactile to the skin is produced.

Abstract: A mechanical fastener is disclosed. The mechanical fastener generally comprises the male component of a hook and loop fastening system. The male component contains a plurality of protrusions that have been surface modified. In particular, the protrusions have been surfaced modified in a manner that prevents damage to a female component during engagement and disengagement but yet still forms a firm attachment with the female component.

Abstract: A clamp assembly for securing a pair of overlapping cross support members extending between two opposed side rails of a bed frame is provided. The clamp assembly includes a unitary clamp body, a leg assembly pivotally secured to the clamp body and a locking plate pivotally secured to the clamp body. In order to prevent the cross support members from sliding relative to one another, the leg assembly exerts force on the overlapping cross support members. The leg assembly may comprise a first leg pivotally secured to the clamp body, a plastic insert and a foot member. Alternatively, the leg assembly may comprise a first leg nestably secured to a second leg in order to increase the length of the leg assembly.

Abstract: The present subject matter includes a capacitor stack having a plurality of anode layers, and a plurality of cathodic metal substrates partially coated in a titanium coating. Cathode portions lacking titanium enable weld interconnections which are substantially free of titanium, improving capacitor properties. In some embodiments, anodes are interspersed among cathodes, and are electrically separated from the cathodes, with portions of cathode material attached to the welding area of the anode. These portions of the cathode material are no longer electrically connected to the cathode. As the anode and these cathode portions are welded and aged, leakage current is reduced due to improved oxide growth in the welding area due to the absence of titanium.

Abstract: An electret condenser microphone includes a first electrode provided with an electret and a second electrode opposed to the first electrode with an air gap interposed. In manufacture of the electret condenser microphone, after degasification is performed on the inside of the air gap, water repellent finishing is performed on at least the inside of the air gap.

Abstract: A method of reducing crack propagation in an airfoil includes: providing an airfoil having a root spaced apart from a tip, spaced-apart leading and trailing edges, a suction side extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge, and an opposed pressure side extending from the leading edge and the trailing edge, supporting the airfoil against bending loads; and burnishing the airfoil using a burnishing element, so as to create at least one burnished section of residual compressive stress, the at least one burnished section being located adjacent the leading edge and spaced from the leading edge by an offset distance selected so as to avoid deformation of the leading edge.

Abstract: A method for mounting a belt on a first pulley and a second pulley is disclosed, wherein a guide member and a fixing member is used. The method includes steps of winding the belt around a pulley groove of the second pulley; fitting the guide member in an inner groove of the first pulley; fixing the guide member on the first pulley using the fixing member; seating the belt in the inner pulley groove of the first pulley using the fixing member; positioning the belt in the outer direction with respect to the axial direction of the first pulley, by the guidance of a belt introduction surface of the guide member; and rotating the first pulley in the rotational direction of the first pulley so as to seat the belt in the inner pulley groove of the first pulley.

Abstract: A roll forming apparatus and a method thereof form a composite panel by simultaneously roll forming upper and lower plates with different thicknesses and a zigzag-shaped core panel, and welding them together. A bumper beam is manufactured by using the composite panel.

Abstract: An improved cup comprising a top portion and a base sleeve connected to the sidewall of the top portion. The base sleeve is at least partially formed of an insulating material. The base sleeve is formed of a one piece material that eliminates a seam at the bottom of the cup.

Abstract: A metallic bellows is manufactured by a first step of bulging a straight raw pipe into a primary formed body having formed on a periphery thereof a corrugated bellows section, and a second step of subjecting at least one of crest portions and trough portions of the bellows section of the primary formed body to roll machining by means of a pair of forming rolls.

Abstract: An assembly system and method for assembling an aircraft wing box or other structure that may define an interior area accessible through at least one access opening are provided. The method includes inserting a robot having an assembly tool mounted thereto into the interior area through the at least one access opening. The assembly tool may be positioned at a fastener location, and may be clamped to the structure. A hole may be made through the structure, and a fastener may be installed in the hole.

Abstract: There are proposed a manufacturing method of a winding assembly of a rotating electrical machine using a rotation block and a fixed block and a manufacturing apparatus used for the same. The rotation block includes a rotation surface rotatable around a rotation axis, and the fixed block includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other and a shaping surface. The shaping surface is formed between end parts of the first and the second surfaces, is made to have an almost semicircular shape with the rotation axis as the center, and extends along the rotation axis. Plural wire rods are simultaneously fed from the first surface of the fixed block to the rotation surface of the rotation block, and the wire rods positioned on the rotation surface are bent by rotation of the rotation block.

Abstract: There are proposed a manufacturing method of a winding assembly of a rotating electrical machine using a rotation block and a fixed block and a manufacturing apparatus used for the same. The rotation block includes a rotation surface rotatable around a rotation axis, and the fixed block includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other and a shaping surface. The shaping surface is formed between end parts of the first and the second surfaces, is made to have an almost semicircular shape with the rotation axis as the center, and extends along the rotation axis. Plural wire rods are simultaneously fed from the first surface of the fixed block to the rotation surface of the rotation block, and the wire rods positioned on the rotation surface are bent by rotation of the rotation block.

Abstract: Methods for fabricating magnetic sensor heads using a CMP defined hard bias to fabricate a magnetic sensor head reader with a flat reader gap. The method comprises defining a read sensor of the magnetic sensor head. The method further comprises depositing an insulator layer on the read sensor. The method further comprises performing a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process down to a protective layer on the read sensor deposited while defining the read sensor to remove an overfill portion of the hard bias layer above the protective layer and to remove a sensor pattern masking layer above the protective layer.

Abstract: A method for shipping a battery assembly includes providing a plurality of battery subassemblies. The plurality of battery subassemblies are operable to be mechanically and electrically connected together to form a battery assembly. The battery subassemblies are designed to be shipped such that an additional shipping fee that would be incurred due to a battery characteristic that is not based on the weight of the battery assembly is not incurred. The method includes shipping a first battery subassembly and a second battery subassembly such that the additional shipping fee that would be incurred due to the battery characteristic that is not based on the total weight of the battery assembly is not incurred.

Abstract: A cathode material for a lithium primary battery can include a low surface area lithiated manganese dioxide, a mixture of lithiated manganese dioxide and CFx, or both. The cathode materials can provide high capacity and voltage with low gassing.

Abstract: A process for making a catalytic electrode containing a transition metal nano-catalyst without using spray or thermal decomposition, and a process for making an electrochemical cell with a catalytic electrode. The nano-catalyst is a particulate material that includes particles that are at least partially oxidized, preferably to include at least oxide shells, before mixing with an activated carbon and binder in a liquid medium to adhere particles of the nano-catalyst to internal and external surfaces of the particles of activated carbon. Oxidation of the nano-catalyst particles allows the mixing of the nano-catalyst, activated carbon and binder in air rather than an inert gas atmosphere and can avoid the use of potentially dangerous liquid media such as highly volatile alcohols.

Abstract: Methods of attachment of a candleholder, with a candle, to a candelabra (or similar device) comprising the steps of providing the candleholder; providing the candelabra; providing attachment means in places of contact of the candleholder and the candelabra; coupling the attachment means to the candleholder; and coupling the attachment means to the candelabra, thereby securing the candleholder to the candelabra. The attachment means in different embodiments are performed as a number (one or more) of predeterminedly shaped double-stick adhesive, or Velcro.™, or magnetic elements, or any combination thereof, placed in locations of contact between the candleholder and the candelabra. In an embodiment, the candelabra is shaped as a cylinder-like body having a first diameter, and the candleholder includes a round bottom having a second diameter greater than the first diameter, wherein the edges of the bottom furnished with aforesaid elements are bendable over the edges of the candelabra.

Abstract: An insulator-combining apparatus which can correctly detects whether or not insulators are lined up in a predetermined sequence is provided. The plate-combining apparatus includes a plate-setting jig which includes a frame, holder, combining part and erroneous attaching-preventing part. The holders hold insulating plates and are provided being spaced from each other and supported by the frame capable of approaching and leaving each other. The combining part includes a pair of nipping members which positions the holder therebetween so as to cause the holders to approach each other. The erroneous attaching-preventing part prevents the holders from approaching each other until the insulators combine with each other when an incorrect insulating plate is attached on the holder.

Abstract: A sealing member fitting apparatus includes a sealing member transfer device that switches between a sealing member receiving position where the sealing member transfer device faces a sealing member holding device provided with a hollow sealing member and a sealing member fitting position where the sealing member transfer device faces an electrical wire clamping device. The sealing member transfer device receives the sealing member in the sealing member receiving position and fits the sealing member on a covering end portion of the electrical wire in the sealing member fitting position. An electrical wire insertion guide device is disposed between the sealing member transfer device and the electrical wire clamping device and is slidable along the electrical wire from a lead-out member to the covering end portion. The sealing member transfer device positions a central axis of the covering end portion substantially coaxially with a central axis of the sealing member.

Abstract: The specification discloses a machine device (10) driven by an inline electric motor (15) to reciprocate a cutting blade (12) when removal of a glass or similar panel is required from a surrounding mount structure, the machine device (10) includes an actuating mechanism having a first input shaft (22) rotatably driven about an input axis (23) by the electric motor (15), a second output member (24) including a connection (42) for a cutting blade (12) restrained for reciprocation along a second output axis (25), a first swivel connection (32) eccentrically disposed laterally from the input axis (23), a second swivel connection (31) having its swivel or pivot point on said second output axis (25), and a connector (26) connecting the first and second swivel connections (32, 31).

Abstract: In the condition where a nozzle for applying a coating liquid is disposed on the lower side of a substrate and a substrate surface controlled in wettability is faced down, the nozzle and the substrate are moved relative to each other, whereby the coating liquid is applied to a desired region of the substrate, and then the coating liquid is dried, to obtain a pattern included a dried coating layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a circuit board includes the steps of: forming a first wiring layer on a substrate; forming an insulating layer on the surface of the first wiring layer by means of electrophoretic deposition; forming a second wiring layer on the insulating layer and the surface of the substrate; and performing the follow-up procedures, such as forming a solder mask; thereby reducing the thickness of the circuit board and increasing the density of the circuit layout.

Abstract: In a wiring substrate according to the present invention, a base wiring board is constructed by stacking a plurality of unit wiring boards each having wiring patterns which enable an electrical connection between upper and lower sides, in a state that the plurality of unit wiring boards are connected to each other via a connection terminal, and a silicon interposer is stacked on the base wiring board via a connection terminal, and a resin portion is filled in a gap between the plurality of unit wiring boards as well as a gap between the base wiring board and the silicon interposer, and a resin portion serves as a substrate which integrates the base wiring board and the silicon interposer.

Abstract: A method of producing a land grid array (LGA) interposer structure, including an electrically insulating carrier plane, and at least one interposer mounted on a first surface of said carrier plane. The interposer possesses a hemi-toroidal configuration in transverse cross-section and is constituted of a dielectric elastomeric material. A plurality of electrically-conductive elements are arranged about the surface of the at least one hemi-toroidal interposer and extend radically inwardly and downwardly from an uppermost end thereof into electrical contact with at least one component located on an opposite side of the electrically insulating carrier plane.

Abstract: A transponder chip in a recess in a substrate, and an antenna wire mounted to the surface of the substrate and having end portions spanning the recess. The end portions are spaced wider than the chip, to allow the chip to be inserted into the recess from the same side as the antenna. The end portions may then be repositioned to be over corresponding terminals of the chip, for bonding thereto. The recess may be substantially larger than the chip, so that the chip and/or the substrate may be moved from side-to-side in the recess for positioning the terminals under the end portions, for bonding thereto. Insulation may be removed from the end portions prior to mounting the chip in the recess, to enhance subsequent bonding.

Abstract: Method for connecting at least one wire to a contact element to facilitate connection of the wire to a power source comprising the following steps: a) preparation of the contact element which is fitted with a groove for receiving at least one wire; b) insertion of the wire into the groove of the contact element; c) lowering an electrode onto the contact element; and d) heating of the area around the groove by means of the electrode while simultaneously deforming the area around the groove thereby embedding the wire lying in said groove.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making a connector for preventing electrostatic discharge during connection of a USB-type connector. The connector includes a grounding clip provided within a recess formed at least partially down into the surface of the second level of the base block. The grounding clip may have a proximal end affixed to a proximal end of a signal ground pin of the plurality of signal pins, though the grounding clip and signal ground pin may be coupled at other locations along their lengths. The connector including the grounding clip may be affixed to a semiconductor device. A portion of the grounding clip is provided at a height above the surface of the base block such that, when a shroud is slid around the connector, the shroud engages and remains in contact with the grounding clip. Accordingly, any electrostatic discharge built up in the shroud travels from the shroud, through the ESD grounding clip, to the signal ground pin where it is harmlessly dissipated.

Abstract: A nozzle plate cutting off method for cutting off the nozzle plate from a primary processing plate including a frame body, a nozzle plate which has multiple nozzle holes for ejecting droplets and is separately arranged inside the frame body, and a connection portion arranged at a clearance between the frame body and the nozzle plate to connect the frame body to the nozzle plate. In the nozzle plate cutting off method, a punching tool is used to punch out the nozzle plate at a connection region of the connection portion with the nozzle plate, there by cutting off the nozzle plate from the primary processing plate.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing an integrated circuit incorporating MEMS are provided. The methods include laying out the integrated circuit using a plurality of overlapping reticles.