Abstract: An application for a method of heating water includes burning fuel to produce hot gases and heating a first mass of water with a first heat exchanger coupled to the hot gases. Heat remaining after the hot gases pass through the first heat exchanger is used by a second heat exchanger to heat a second mass of water. The first mass of water is partially isolated from the second mass of water and the first mass of water is contained substantially within the second mass of water. The second mass of water is colder than the first mass of water and, thereby, condenses more water vapor out of the hot gases.

Abstract: This exchanger comprises a pair of primary tubular bundles (5a, 5b) surrounding a fuel or gas burner (4a, 4b), and a secondary tubular bundle (6) on which condensation of the steam contained in the burned gases discharged from the primary bundles occurs, wherein the three bundles (5a, 5b, 6) are mounted parallel, side-by-side inside a gas-tight casing (10), and communicate with one another, with means being provided in order to circulate the water to be heated, between the tubes forming the secondary bundle (6) and the tubes forming the primary bundles (5a, 5b); the casing (10) is subdivided at the level of the secondary bundle (6) by a partition (7-70) that extends both inside and outside said bundle (6), with the arrangement being such that a only a circumferential section of the latter is capable of being contacted and traversed by the hot gases coming from one of the two primary bundles (5a), and its remaining section being capable of being contacted and traversed only by the hot gases coming from the oth

Abstract: As we move towards a hydrogen economy or use hydrogen as an energy carrier, the need to get heat energy and steam out of the hydrogen is arising more frequently. This invention addresses that need without the atmospheric pollutants which would result from burning carbon based fuels or hydrogen freely in the air. Presented is an invention which has very high overall efficiency and generates no oxides of carbon and nearly zero nitrogen oxide compounds. The generated steam can be used for comfort heating, process heating, electric generation and other common applications requiring steam. The invention can also be used for generation of hot water. The process of steam generation is accomplished by precisely metering the mixing and oxidation of hydrogen and oxygen under controlled conditions. The result of this oxidation reaction is simply only water and heat, which are used to generate steam.

Abstract: A thermostat assembly (200) includes an actuator portion (106) having a sealed container (126) with an arm (108) protruding therefrom. A retainer plate (118) connects the thermostat assembly (200) to an engine component (104). A bypass valve plate (228) is arranged to sealably engage a bypass valve seat (134) that is formed in another component (102). The bypass valve plate (228) includes a body portion (402) having a central opening (408) and an outer periphery, an inner rim (406) surrounds the central opening (408), an outer rim (404) surrounds the outer periphery, and a plurality of openings (230) are formed in the body portion (402). The plurality of openings (230) is adjacent to an interface between the body portion (402) and the outer rim (404), such that a bypass pressure-dampening fluid passage is defined through the plurality of openings (230) in the bypass valve plate (228).

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes: a coolant pump; coolant piping provided so that a first coolant circuit and a second coolant circuit are arranged in a parallel manner; a heat radiation mechanism of the coolant; a load mechanism operated using heat carried by the coolant; an exhaust heat recovery device, disposed in an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine, that perform heat exchange between the coolant flowing through the second coolant circuit and exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine; and a flow control unit that controls a flow rate of the coolant in accordance with a temperature of the coolant in a disposition portion at which the flow control unit is disposed, the flow control unit being disposed downstream of the exhaust heat recovery device on the second coolant circuit.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine piston cooling sprayer comprises a sprayer body (1) with an axial through-passage (12) in which is fixed a tubular guide liner (4). The tubular guide liner (4) is fixed in the sprayer body (1) by its downstream section (4c), while its upstream section (4b) remains away from the wall of the axial through-passage (12), to allow the cooling fluid to flow. A valve (2) slides in an axial through-passage of the tubular guide liner (4), and is urged by a return spring (3) toward a main seat formed in the mass of the sprayer body (1). This produces a compact and reliable sprayer of relatively low cost.

Abstract: Problem: To improve a soundproof performance on an air intake side of a cooling structure of a construction machine without enlarging an air intake chamber. Solution: An air intake chamber (16) is provided on the air intake side of a heat exchanger (15) in an engine room (12), and a first air intake port (17) is formed in a top face of the air intake chamber (16). In the air intake chamber (16), a duct (18) independently formed as a shield member is disposed so as to partition the air intake chamber (16) into two chambers (16a), (16b), and also in a manner such that the core surface (15a) of the heat exchanger (15) is enclosed airtightly from the surrounding atmosphere.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a mechanism to control crankshaft axis position and control combustion chamber compression ratio. The mechanism includes control ring, rotatably supporting crankshaft, and rotatably installed in the engine housing. The control shaft is installed in the engine housing and parallel to the crankshaft. The control shaft pinion elements meshing with control ring toothed elements, and rotating control ring, resulting in changing of crankshaft relative position to the cylinder head; this will change engine compression ratio. The crankshaft toothed part constantly meshing with toothed part of the engine output shaft, transferring rotary moving force from crankshaft to engine output shaft.

Abstract: A valve system is disclosed for an internal combustion engine which allows a secondary valve event, serving for example to provide internal EGR, to be selectively disabled. The system comprises two valve 10 and 22, a first cam 20 acting on the first valve 10 by way of a rocker 12 pivotable about a fixed pivot axis and a second cam 36 having at least two lobes and acting on the second valve 22 by way of a second rocker 24 pivotable about an eccentric 26. The second of the two lobes of the second cam 36 is arranged to open the second valve 22 at a time that the first valve 10 is opened by the first cam 20. A selectively operable latching mechanism 50 latches the eccentric 26 in a fixed position in which each of the cam lobes of the second cam causes the second valve to open.

Abstract: In a camshaft adjusting device comprising a locking unit provided for locking an adjustment function component in at least one position relative to a camshaft drive component wherein at least two locking structures are provided which each have at least one locking surface for mutual engagement, each locking structure surface is formed by an at least substantially planar area which is inclined with respect to the direction of movement, the locking unit providing for a play-free engagement between the camshaft drive component and the adjustment function component.

Abstract: A valve timing control device includes a drive pulley driven by a crankshaft of an engine, and a driven camshaft. The camshaft has a cam that serves to open and close an intake port. An engine valve is spring-loaded by a valve spring, whereas the cam opens or closes the engine valve against the bias of the spring. Torque is transmittable between the drive pulley and the camshaft, and a rotation angle adjusting mechanism is provided therebetween. The rotation angle adjusting mechanism has a movable operating member being movable in a substantially radial direction.

Abstract: A two-step rocker arm assembly is provided having an arm member and a first roller assembly rotatably mounted with respect to the arm member and defining a generally C-shaped opening. A shaft member rotatably supports a second and a third roller assembly. The shaft member extends through the generally C-shaped opening and is selectively translatable therein to guide the second and third roller assemblies with respect to the arm member. A coupling lever is mounted with respect to the shaft member and is operable to selectively retain the shaft member with respect to the arm member for unitary movement therewith.

Abstract: A system for actuating an engine valve is disclosed. The system may include a lost motion housing having two spaced collars surrounding a rocker shaft. The lost motion housing may include an internal hydraulic circuit connecting a master piston bore with a slave piston bore. The lost motion housing may include a means for securing the lost motion housing in a fixed position relative to the rocker shaft. A master piston may be disposed in the master piston bore and a slave piston may be disposed in the slave piston bore. A rocker arm may be disposed on the rocker shaft between the spaced collars and may have a first portion adapted to contact a cam and a second portion adapted to contact the master piston. In a preferred embodiment, the system may be used to provide compression release engine braking or bleeder engine braking.

Abstract: A switchable support element (1) comprising a housing (2) in whose bore (4) an axially displaceable pressure piston (7) extends, said support element (1) comprising at least one coupling element (8) for an optional coupling of the pressure piston (7) in its axially extended position relative to the housing (2), said pressure piston (7) being biased in an outward direction from the housing (2) by at least one lost motion spring (9).

Abstract: The present invention provides an air intake assembly including a first portion defining a first chamber through which airflow passes. The first portion is coupled to a first throttle member to allow communication from the first chamber to the first throttle member. The air intake assembly also includes a first filter element coupled to the first portion and positioned upstream of the first chamber, and a second portion defining a second chamber through which airflow passes. The second portion is coupled to a second throttle member to allow communication from the second chamber to the second throttle member. The air intake assembly further includes a second filter element coupled to the second portion and positioned upstream of the second chamber, and a conduit coupling the first and second portions. The conduit allows communication between the first and second chambers at a location downstream of the first and second filter elements.

Abstract: An electric engine starter in which downsizing and weight saving are improved to an extreme based on the rational design and by eliminating an unnecessary unit, wherein a battery is arranged outside the starter, a power accumulating unit has a rotation supporting unit for supporting one end of a spring, a first gear is formed on the rotation supporting unit, a second gear is fixed to an output shaft of a high-speed reduction gear mechanism, the first and the second gears are engaged with each other, the power accumulating unit and the power transmission unit are arranged on the same first axis line, the compact electric motor and the high-speed reduction gear mechanism are arranged on the same second axis line parallel to the first axis line, and the first axis line and the second axis line are arranged on the same plane surface.

Abstract: A compound bracket system (400) for an internal combustion engine (100) includes a first bracket (112) that is rigidly connected to a crankcase(102) of the internal combustion engine (100). The first bracket (112) forms at least one mounting pad (310) that is arranged to connect to and support a first engine component (114). A second bracket (120) is connected to the crankcase (102) through at least one additional engine component (110). The second bracket (120) forms a component cavity (208) that is arranged to accept and support a second engine component (118). The first bracket (112) forms an interconnection pad (314), and the second component forms a strut (216) having a mounting tab (218). The mounting tab (218) is advantageously connected to the interconnection tab (314) with a fastener (422), thus increasing the rigidity of the second bracket (120) as mounted on the engine (100).

Abstract: A lubricated surface, a method for reducing wear between moving parts, and lubricants, and lubricant additive concentrates containing a wear reducing agent. The lubricated surface contains a base oil of lubricating viscosity, a hydrocarbon soluble titanium compound, a metal-free friction modifier and an amount of at least one hydrocarbon soluble magnesium compound effective to provide a reduction in surface wear greater than a reduction surface wear for a lubricant composition devoid of the titanium compound, metal-free friction modifier, and magnesium compound. The lubricant composition contains no more than about 800 ppm phosphorus and is devoid of calcium detergents and organic molybdenum compound.

Abstract: The oil pump comprises an open ended conduit extending from a connecting rod journal to below the surface of oil in a crankcase. The conduit is bent and oriented such that the open end is tangential to the radius of crankshaft rotation and faces in the direction of rotation. Channels in the crankshaft and connecting rod journal provide flow paths between the upper end of the conduit and at least one bearing surface.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine power cycle wherein a combustion chamber is fitted with an inlet valve, an outlet valve, and movable piston coupled to perform work, includes an generator to form a stream of greater than about 95% molecular oxygen from atmospheric air and a nitrogen waste gas stream; a source of fuel; and a source of liquid water. The power cycle includes admission of the molecular oxygen into the chamber, injection of the fuel into the chamber with combustion, and injection of atomized water into the chamber for generation of steam.

Abstract: This method is for controlling the intake and exhaust valves of the cylinders of an internal combustion engine which is capable of operating either in four-stroke positive mode or in two-stroke braking mode. The control means pilot the valves so that at least a first exhaust valve of each cylinder (1) is opened (C43) prior to a first instant (t1) when the piston of said cylinder reaches its top dead center position and so that the first exhaust valve is kept in an open state (C43) with a first lift (L1) and for a first predetermined period of time (?t1), prior to said first instant (t1), and at least an exhaust valve is kept in an open state, with a second lift (L2) higher than the first lift and for a second predetermined period of time (?t2), after the first instant (t1).

Abstract: An engine control system is provided. The system includes: an engine torque module that estimates torque output based on charge energy; and a cylinder mode module that controls fuel cut-off and adjusts spark timing to the engine based on the torque output.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicle comprises a throttle control module and a diagnostic module. The throttle control module controls a position of a throttle of the vehicle and compensates for changes in effective opening area of the throttle due to coking. The diagnostic module reports a coking value to a user based upon an amount of compensation performed by the throttle control module. A method comprises controlling a position of a throttle of a vehicle; compensating for changes in effective opening area of the throttle due to coking; and reporting a coking value to a user based upon an amount of compensation performed.

Abstract: An engine control device includes a governor lever, a centrifugal governor, a control lever operated to oscillate between a low-speed position and a high-speed position, and a governor spring expandedly provided between the control lever and the governor lever. An automatic choke device is connected to a choke valve of a carburetor. A play is provided between the governor lever and the governor spring. The play holds the governor spring in a free state during rotation of the control lever from the low-speed position to the high-speed position by a predetermined angle. A subsidiary spring is provided between a fixed structure and the governor lever so as to constantly urge the governor lever in a direction to open the throttle valve. A spring constant of the subsidiary spring is smaller than that of the governor spring.

Abstract: A throttle apparatus embedding an electronic control unit in which a circuit board of the electronic control unit is embedded within a throttle body and a connector for connecting to an external portion connected to a terminal provided in the circuit board protrudes from an outer wall of the throttle body in a direction approximately along a terminal side of the circuit board surface from one side line of the circuit board, wherein the circuit board is storable within the throttle body by selecting an optional mounting direction from at least two or more directions having different angles on the same plane around a center portion of the circuit board, and an insertion portion capable of protruding the connector to an external portion through an outer wall of the throttle body is provided at each of corresponding positions of the outer wall.

Abstract: A method for operating an engine having at least a first and second cylinder, comprising operating the first cylinder with a spark timing more retarded than a spark timing of a second cylinder; and operating one of said first cylinder and second cylinders with a first number of strokes per cycle different from other cylinders of the engine for at least one combustion cycle, wherein said first cylinder operates with valve timing different from said second cylinder.

Abstract: A method for controlling an ignition system of an internal combustion engine having a primary firing pulse generator for charging a capacitor. An electronic switch is included for discharging the capacitor via an ignition coil to generate an ignition voltage. A microcomputer operates the switch to control the ignition timing of the generator. The microcomputer is in communication with a speed sensor that detects the rotational speed of the engine and a speed limitation control that limits the engine speed to a limitation speed below the clutch-in speed of an included centrifugal clutch. The speed limitation control is active or activated when one of either starting the engine or an operating problem of the power tool is detected. The speed limitation control is deactivated when a low speed state of the engine is detected.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system has an internal combustion engine with an intake for air and an exhaust for products of combustion. The engine has a turbocharger for pressurizing intake air in response to passage of the products of combustion. An exhaust aftertreatment device receives the exhaust from the engine to filter diesel particulates. A device for regenerating the exhaust aftertreatment device has a feed line and nozzle for injecting duel upstream of the exhaust aftertreatment device on a periodic basis. A system and method for purging the fuel line and the nozzle utilizes pressurized air from the engine turbocharger via an air tank when the regenerating device is not injecting fuel.

Abstract: An engine load estimating apparatus, including an actuator that changes a position of a top dead center of a piston of the engine, and a controller in communication with the actuator. The controller detects a drive output of the actuator when the actuator changes the position of the top dead center of the piston, and estimates the load of the engine based on the detected drive output of the actuator.

Abstract: The invention consists of a two-stroke opposing cylinder engine that includes a length flushing system and two crankshafts (1, 3) and a novel type of phase setting mechanism which enables the compression ratio to be adjusted in operation. Two intermediate gear wheel (15) and (16) synchronize rotation of the crankshafts (1, 3). The centre positions of the two intermediate gear wheels (15, 16) are moved by means of a setting device (21) so as to change the phase position between the crank shafts (1, 3) and therewith the compression. With the aid of the two intermediate gear wheels (15, 16) the crankshafts will rotate in mutually opposite directions, therewith eliminating torque-dependent vibrations.

Abstract: A filter box having an integrated vent solenoid to connect to the atmospheric port of an automotive emission storage canister in relation to the fuel tank of the vehicle, used to recapture fuel vapor before it is released into the atmosphere. The filter box with integrated vent solenoid is sealed to the atmospheric port of the canister, and consists of a filter housing with an internal feature to house and retain a vent solenoid, an optional foam filter to protect the vent solenoid and the canister against dust, and a filter cap to retain the filter foam. A closed cell foam or rubber O-ring provides a sealing between the filter cap and the filter housing. A labyrinth-type filter means is integrated within the cap of the filter box assembly and provides for separation of the air and dust traveling through the filter box, and a further sealing means provides a leak tight seal between the filter box and the canister.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine using hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen gas as fuels and including a fuel injection device that injects liquid fuel, a hydrogen-blended fuel in which hydrogen gas is contained in the form of minute bubbles in a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, that is supplied to the fuel injection device. The hydrogen-blended fuel is stored in a fuel tank. Hydrogen gas that has escaped from the hydrogen-blended fuel in the fuel tank is fed to a minute-bubble producing device, which forms the fuel gas into minute bubbles and mixes the minute bubbles back into the hydrogen-blended fuel.

Abstract: The arrangement of a charge air cooler in an intake system of an internal combustion engine has a charge air cooler that on the one hand is supplied with combustion air and on the other hand with a liquid coolant. A coolant/air cooler is provided in which the liquid coolant is cooled by an air stream. The charge air cooler is slantedly arranged in a pipe conduit for the charge air with regard to the end face of a heat exchanger block exposed to the charge air. The end face of the charge air cooler is arranged relative to the cross-section of the pipe conduit at an angle of >45°.

Abstract: A fuel injection system (60) is provided for an internal combustion engine (62). The engine has a plurality of cylinders (70). The system includes a plurality of fuel injectors (10?) constructed and arranged to receive fuel. One fuel injector is associated with a cylinder for injecting fuel into the associated cylinder. Each fuel injector has a valve body (14), a fuel volume V, and a coil (50) to inductively heat the valve body and thus heat fuel in the fuel volume to vaporize the fuel prior to injection into the associated cylinder. A cold start fuel injector (10, 10?) is disposed in an air supply passage (72) that supplies air to the cylinders. The cold start fuel injector has a valve body (14), a fuel volume (V) and a coil (50) to inductively heat the valve body to vaporize the fuel in the fuel volume prior to injection into the supply passage.

Abstract: An engine crankcase emission control system for an internal combustion engine includes a cylinder air intake system connected to associated engine cylinders. The system also includes an engine crankcase. A crankcase air outlet connects the crankcase to the cylinder air intake system at a location subject to variable intake vacuum pressures to allow crankcase vapors to be drawn into inlet air passing to the cylinders. A hydrophobic, oleophobic membrane covers the crankcase air outlet. The membrane inhibits the passage of oil and water out of the crankcase through the crankcase air outlet.

Abstract: An engine (internal combustion engine), in accordance with an embodiment, includes: a cylinder head disposed above a crankcase; a cylinder head cover attached to cover an upper side of the cylinder head; and an ignition plug provided with a plug part inserted into the cylinder head and a plug cap disposed outside the cylinder head cover. The cylinder head cover includes a gas passage formed in such a U-shape as to surround the plug cap of the ignition plug as viewed from an insertion side of the ignition plug, the gas passage allowing fuel gas (blow-by gas) containing oil to flow in from the crankcase.

Abstract: A stratified scavenging two-stroke cycle engine with the check valve for introducing scavenging air simplified in construction is provided. The gasket between the flange part forming an air supply chamber and a mixture passage at a side of the cylinder and the passage connecting member having an air flow passage and a mixture flow passage is composed to have an integral leaf valve for allowing air in the air flow passage in the passage connecting member to flow only toward the air supply chamber which is connected to the scavenging passages of the engine so that the gasket has a function as a seal member and that as a check valve.

Abstract: A theatrical device for optically exciting and delivering objects coated with luminescent material has an enclosure with an inner reflective surface with a hollow transparent excitation passageway extending therethrough. A light source illuminates the objects in the passageway for exciting the luminescent material so that the objects glow brightly. A blower moves the objects through the passageway to an outlet where the glowing objects are projected into an audience for dramatic effect.

Abstract: In a method of producing silicon blocks by cutting a silicon ingot by the use of a silicon ingot cutting slurry containing abrasive grains and an alkaline substance so as to provide the silicon blocks that can be produced into silicon wafers each having a thin thickness with reduced substrate damage at the time of producing a solar battery, the content of said alkaline substance is at least 3.5 mass % with respect to the mass of the entire liquid components of said slurry, and said slurry contains an organic amine of from 0.5 to 5.0 by a mass ratio with respect to water in the liquid components of said slurry. Said slurry is used at a pH of 12 or more and at a temperature of from 65 to 95 degrees C.

Abstract: In a ceiling part of a heating chamber, a sub-cavity is provided in which a steam-heating heater is housed. Steam generated by a steam generating device is heated by the steam-heating heater inside the sub-cavity to be brought into an overheated state, and is then jetted out through upper jet holes provided in the ceiling part of the heating chamber and through side jet holes provided in lower parts of the side walls of the heating chamber at both sides thereof. Food is supported on a rack to be in a state floating above the floor surface of the heating chamber, and, through the side jet holes, steam is jetted toward under the food.

Abstract: An oven for cooking foods, comprising: a cooking compartment, internally of which a controlled heating cycle can be actuated; one or a plurality of heating elements, predisposed to generate and transmit a determined heat power internally of the cooking compartment; one or a plurality of atomizers, predisposed to controlledly send atomized water onto or in proximity of at least one of the one or the plurality of heating elements; means for control, predisposed to actuate the determined heat cycle internally of the cooking compartment by controlling the one or the plurality of heating elements in a partialisation cycle of the heat power generated and/or transmitted to the cooking compartment by the one or the plurality of heating elements, in which partialisation cycle a temperature of at least one of the heating elements is maintained at a level which is sufficient to cause evaporation of the atomized water.

Abstract: A steam system includes a cooking chamber, a housing comprising a volume of water and an inlet to receive steam, condensate, drain water, and/or weak steam from the cooking chamber, a sensor that detects a temperature of the water, a dispenser that sprays cooling water into the water to reduce the temperature of the water if the temperature exceeds a predetermined level, and an outlet to drain a portion of the water from the housing.

Abstract: There is provided a solid fuel stove having a burn chamber including at least one side wall and a firebox. The firebox is located a distance from the side wall. The firebox generates ash while burning solid fuel. At least one baffle contacts the firebox and the side wall. An amount of ash which escapes from the firebox is directed back to the firebox and the heat generated by the firebox will be readily concentrated because of the baffle.

Abstract: A safety device for an oven that prevents the oven from tipping over when weight is applied to an oven door. The safety device includes a base member that is connected to a pivoting member by a pivot connection. The pivoting member includes a threaded adjustable member and a tubular receiving member, wherein the adjustable member is telescopically coupled to the receiving member. A locking washer is coupled to the adjustable member for holding the adjustable member in place relative to the receiving member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning a cooking apparatus. A self-cleaning cooking apparatus can include a cooking chamber having a plurality of surfaces a food preparation assembly configured to prepare food product within the cooking chamber, a water nozzle positioned to direct water into cooking chamber, a holder configured to hold a detergent packet in a position configured to allow the water to dissolve the detergent from the detergent packet. The holder can be positioned in a drain tank or within the cooking chamber. The liquid within the drain tank can be re-circulated from the drain tank to the nozzle.

Abstract: Device for holding dough items, mainly for proofing, shaped as a basket with a base and a side wall made of plastic, with interlinked side ribs and at least in parts with ventilation slits, openings or other through holes.

Abstract: Energy efficient cookware is provided includes a base and a wall, a linear pattern of flame guide channels connected to the base bottom. The guide channels accept a flame and guides it to the perimeter from the central region resulting efficient heat exchange; The linear channel profiles provides maximum the surface enhancement from a given plain area on the bottom to improve heat transfer while provides even heating, and mechanical strength to the cookware; The impedance to entrance of flame flow into the channels is minimized to allow easy entrance of the flame into the channels; A square base further extends the linear channel length to gain extra efficiency. A method of making the efficient cookware is provided involving welding an extruded channel base to a wall.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing modified lignocellulosic materials. Said method consists of the following steps a) the lignocellulosic material is impregnated with an aqueous composition which contains i) at least one cross-linkable nitrogen compound and ii) at least one substance which catalyses the cross-linking, b) the impregnated lignocellulosic materials are treated at higher temperatures in order to remove the water and to cross-link the cross-linkable nitrogen compound. In step b) the impregnated lignocellulosic material is treated with overheated steam. The invention also relates to lignocellulosic materials which are obtained according to said method.

Abstract: The respiratory medicine delivery system is a handheld breathing device for a user having respiratory problems. The device comprises a hollow tubular manifold. A front tubular section extends from a front opening of the hollow tubular manifold. A mouthpiece extends from a rear opening of the hollow tubular manifold. The front tubular section has an MDI port. A seal cap that can seal off the MDI port is provided. A PEEP valve is mounted in the front tubular section to create a sealed backpressure in the user's airways by creating resistance to exhalation. The hollow tubular manifold has a manifold inlet. A threaded nebulizer port having a recessed one-way valve can be formed at the inlet of the manifold. The nebulizer port is provided for attachment to a nebulizer to facilitate buildup of positive pressure and delivery of medication to a user's lungs. A nebulizer seal cap is also provided.

Abstract: An ejection head unit being attachable to an inhaler for ejecting a medicine to cause a user to inhale the medicine has a plurality of ejection heads having an element generating energy for ejecting the medicine, and a plurality of ejection nozzles through which the medicine is ejected by the element. An inhaler for ejecting a medicine to allow inhalation thereof by a user has an air flow path guiding a medicine that is inhaled accompanying inspiration by the user to a suction port, an ejection head unit having a plurality of ejection heads including an element generating energy for ejecting the medicine and a plurality of ejection nozzles through which the medicine is ejected by the element, and a positioning unit for positioning a single ejection head among the plurality of ejection heads at an opening provided in one portion of the air flow path.