Abstract: An unburned fuel supply section performs temperature rise control to supply fuel to an oxidizing catalyst disposed upstream of an exhaust purification device to cause temperature rise of the exhaust purification device using heat generated in oxidation reaction of fuel on the catalyst. During the temperature rise control, an actual cumulative fuel quantity calculation section obtains actual cumulative fuel quantity by accumulating the amount of fuel supplied to the catalyst. A theoretical cumulative fuel quantity calculation section calculates fuel supply quantity required for temperature rise of the exhaust purification device on the premise that oxidation performance of the catalyst is not deteriorated, and obtains theoretical cumulative fuel quantity by accumulating the calculated fuel supply quantity.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system for a power source has an air induction system, an exhaust system and a recirculation system. The exhaust system includes a particulate filter. The recirculation system is configured to draw exhaust from downstream of the particulate filter and direct the exhaust to the air induction system. The recirculation system includes an exhaust gas cooler, and an acidic debris filter.

Abstract: A sensor for use with a diesel particulate filter in an exhaust system includes a collection device configured to be positioned downstream of the diesel particulate filter such that particulate matter not captured by the diesel particulate filter accumulates on the collection device. The collection device is configured to visually indicate a rate of particulate matter accumulation on the collection device. The rate of particulate matter accumulation corresponds to filter performance.

Abstract: In a mechanical apparatus having a diesel engine including a combustion chamber, the mechanical apparatus also having an aftertreatment device configured to treat emissions from the diesel engine and an intake valve for passing air into the combustion chamber, a method of operating the engine is disclosed, wherein the method includes performing at least one combustion in the combustion chamber at a first intake valve closure timing, determining a temperature of the aftertreatment device, and if the temperature of the aftertreatment device is equal to or below a preselected temperature threshold, then performing at least one combustion in the combustion chamber at a second intake valve closure timing to thereby increase the temperature of exhaust emitted by the diesel engine.

Abstract: A method for introducing a reagent medium into an exhaust gas conduit of an internal combustion engine (10), and an apparatus for carrying out the method, are proposed. Provision is made for a diagnosis of the pressure sensor (20, 22). In at least one first time interval (t8, t10) in which a steady pressure state is expected, a check is made as to whether the pressure signal (21, 23) at least approximately corresponds to the steady-state pressure (100, 107). In at least one second time interval (t9, t11) in which a pressure change occurs, a check is made as to whether the pressure signal (21, 23) at least approximately corresponds to a predetermined test pressure (104, 108) and/or at least approximately exhibits a predetermined change with respect to the steady-state pressure (100, 107). A fault signal (72) is supplied if at least one of the conditions is not met.

Abstract: A method of reducing NOx in exhaust gases generated by an internal combustion engine includes advancing the exhaust gases along an exhaust path to a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst positioned downstream from the internal combustion engine. The method further includes activating a heat source if the exhaust gases are below a predetermined temperature, such that the exhaust gases along a segment of the exhaust path are heated to a temperature of 700-1000° C. The method further includes injecting a reductant into the segment of the exhaust path upstream of the SCR catalyst to react in the segment with NOx in the exhaust gases. The method further includes deactivating the heat source if the temperature of the exhaust gases at the catalyst rises above the first predetermined temperature. An emission abatement assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust emission control device has an additive valve and a control unit to decrease nitrogen oxides contained in an exhaust gas by means of a reducing agent. The control unit sets a valve opening period of time and a valve closing period of time alternately elapsing in a repetition cycle. The control unit controls the valve to discharge the agent into the exhaust gas during each valve opening period and to stop discharging the agent during each valve closing period. The control unit sets the valve opening period to be shortened as a flow rate of the exhaust gas is lowered, so that a penetration force of the reducing agent is appropriately set. The control unit sets the repetition cycle at a value depending on the flow rate of the nitrogen oxides to sufficiently deoxidize the nitrogen oxides by means of the agent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to prevent, in connection with an exhaust gas purification apparatus regeneration system of an internal combustion engine, the possible travel distance of a vehicle after warning by a warning apparatus for warning excessive smallness of the fuel quantity is started from being unduly shortened even if regeneration control is executed while the warning is given by a warning apparatus. The system according to the invention has a warning apparatus that gives warning when the remaining fuel quantity is equal to or smaller than a first specified fuel quantity. When it is predicted that the regeneration control in which fuel is supplied to the exhaust gas purification apparatus will be executed when the remaining fuel quantity is equal to or smaller than the first specified remaining quantity, warning by the warning apparatus is started before the remaining fuel quantity becomes equal to the first specified remaining quantity (S104, S105).

Abstract: In an embodiment of an exhaust gas purification apparatus, when an accumulation amount of particulate matter in a DPF (33) exceeds a predetermined amount and an exhaust gas temperature of an engine is lower than a restoration operable temperature, an intake air amount reducing operation is executed by an air intake throttling device (24) provided for an air intake pipe (21) of the engine, and a heating operation is executed by an electric heater (34) provided upstream from the DPF (33), thereby increasing the exhaust gas temperature to the restoration operable temperature to start a restoration operation of the DPF (33).

Abstract: A regeneration device for use with an exhaust treatment system is disclosed. The regeneration device may have a housing with a fuel passageway and a first air passageway. The regeneration device may also have an injector disposed in the housing in fluid communication with the fuel passageway and the first air passageway. The regeneration device may further have a combustion canister connected to receive a fuel/air mixture from the injector.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalytic aerosol delivery system for generating an aerosol containing chemical catalyst pre-cursors for delivery either directly into the flame zone of a combustion reaction system, or directly into the inlet air or inlet fuel or the fuel/air mixture, or directly into the hot exhaust gases of a combustion reaction, or any combination of these three. The system and the composition of the invention enables a reduction in pollution emitted from the combustion chambers and ensures more efficient and clean combustion. In most applications, the combustion system and composition of the invention results in improved fuel economy.

Abstract: An inlet chamber 40 and outlet chamber 50 for exhaust gas are integrated as an inflow/outflow section 80, and a first post treatment device 10 equipped with a DPF 13 at its central portion and second post-treatment device 20 equipped with a urea DeNOx catalyst 23 on its outer periphery side are integrated as a catalyst installation section 70. The catalyst installation section 70, the inflow/outflow section 80, and a communication chamber forming section 30 are provided separately and detachably from one another, and the catalyst installation section 70 is made installable in a reversible manner. As a result, by reversing the catalyst installation section 70, it is possible to easily reverse the DPF 13 without having to extract it from the central part. Further, since the urea DeNOx catalyst 23 is reversed simultaneously, it is possible to change the direction in which the exhaust gas flows therein, thereby enabling to prevent unbalanced deterioration of the urea DeNOx catalyst 23.

Abstract: A method is provided for maintaining the heat in an exhaust after treatment system connected to the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine. The engine is used to propel a vehicle and is equipped with a valve-controlled EGR duct for the adjustable recirculation of exhaust gases from the exhaust side of the engine to its induction side. According to the invention, it is detected that neither the braking system nor the throttle control mechanism of the vehicle is activated and that the vehicle is being driven at a speed in excess of a predetermined value. After this, the gas flow through the EGR duct is regulated so that the gas flow to the exhaust aftertreatment system is reduced to a level which is less than about 50% of the gas flow to the exhaust aftertreatment system with shut-off EGR valve.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus that includes a pressure difference sensor that detects the difference in pressure between the upstream side and the downstream side of a particulate filter (DPNR catalyst), which captures particulate matter that is present in exhaust gas. In the exhaust gas control apparatus, the pipes that introduce the pressure to the pressure difference sensor include an upstream pipe that introduces the pressure on the upstream side of the particulate filter to the pressure difference sensor. The upstream pipe includes an expanded pipe portion, which has an inner diameter greater than that of the portion of the upstream pipe near the pressure difference sensor, near the particulate filter. With this configuration, the deposition of particulate matter, soot, soluble organic fractions, and the like in the upstream pipe is suppressed, which minimizes clogging of the upstream pipe.

Abstract: A working machine including an internal combustion engine for supplying torque to the driving wheels of the working machine, and a transmission line arranged between the internal combustion engine and the driving wheels for transmitting torque from the internal combustion engine to the driving wheels. The working machine further including at least one hydraulic pump in a hydraulic system for moving an implement arranged on the working machine and/or steering the working machine. The transmission line includes at least one electric machine for driving or braking the driving wheels, and/or for generating electric power for the at least one hydraulic pump.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and associated methods for generating energy by capturing and taking benefit of the energy generated by any quantity of air surfacing inside water. In exemplary embodiments, the apparatus comprises compressing a lower density gas in a liquid medium, allowing the gas to naturally rise to the surface of the liquid medium and then capturing the energy generated by the surfacing gas. An apparatus and method is disclosed to provide a low energy technique to compress air into water. In exemplary embodiments, air is introduced into water by simultaneously providing a low pressure area in the liquid medium and compressing the air into the low pressure area. By compressing the air into water in low pressure areas, the energy required to compress the air is greatly reduced. The amount of energy generated by the rising air is less than the amount of energy required to compress air underneath the water.

Abstract: A method of operating a hydraulic pump, comprising: a. filling a hydraulic system oil reservoir with a hydraulic oil comprising: i. a lubricant base oil having defined properties: and ii. an antiwear hydraulic oil additive package; wherein the hydraulic oil has an air release at 50° C. less than 0.8 minutes; and b. operating the hydraulic pump without pump cavitation. A hydraulic system, comprising a hydraulic system oil reservoir holding a hydraulic oil comprising: i. a lubricant base oil, optionally having defined properties; and b. an antiwear hydraulic oil additive package; wherein the hydraulic oil has an air release at 50° C. less than 0.8 minutes. In one embodiment the hydraulic oil additionally has low foam tendency and good demulsibility.

Abstract: A drivetrain for use in a mobile vehicle is disclosed. The drivetrain may have a housing, a first hydraulic pump connected to the housing, and a second hydraulic pump connected to the housing. The second hydraulic pump may be in axial alignment with the first hydraulic pump. The drivetrain may also have a first motor fluidly connected to the first hydraulic pump, and a second motor fluidly connected to the second hydraulic pump. The first and second motors may have an axial direction substantially perpendicular to the axial alignment of the first and second hydraulic pumps.

Abstract: A hydrostatic transmission assembly includes a first gerotor motor, a pump housing, a first variable displacement pump, a second gerotor motor, and a second variable displacement pump. The first gerotor motor includes a first output shaft aligned along a first axis. The pump housing connects to and contacts the first gerotor motor. The first variable displacement pump includes a first driven shaft mounted to the pump housing and aligned along a second axis, the second axis being generally perpendicular to the first axis (the first output shaft axis). The first variable displacement pump is in fluid communication with the first gerotor motor via passages in the pump housing. The second gerotor motor includes a second output shaft generally aligned along or generally parallel to the first axis. The second gerotor motor is connected to the pump housing on an opposite side of the pump housing as the first gerotor motor.

Abstract: A hydraulic buoyancy kinetic energy apparatus includes a water tank filled with water and an air storage hood is merged in the water. Two buoys are movably connected to the two slippery pillars and a chain is connected with the two buoys via two chain wheels, two belt pulley sets and two engaged gears. One of the two gears drives a third chain wheel to drive an output shaft of an electric generating set. An air storage cylinder is connected with the water tank and air in the air storage cylinder can be pushed into the water tank to alternatively empty the two buoys which are alternatively moves up and down to drive the chain between the buoys and to activate the electric generating set.

Abstract: A power piston (2) connected to a power crosshead (3) in conjunction with a Stirling engine is disclosed. The power piston may be mounted by means of threads (T,t) directly to the power crosshead in a Stirling engine. The assembly comprises a power piston assembly connected to a power crosshead (3) which in turn is connected to the Stirling engine crank mechanism (5).

Abstract: A foil moveable by non-mechanical means, such as light or heat, comprises an alternating array of first and second foil sections each resiliently and non-mechanically moveable between a flattened state and a bent state. The direction in which the first foil sections bend, when moved from the flattened to the bent state, is opposite to the direction in which the second foil sections bend when moved from the flattened to the bent state. When, in the flattened state, non-mechanically stimulating the first and second foil sections in unison, the first and second foil sections bend in opposite directions causing the foil to wrinkle, which results in a movement which is substantially linear. Using a different or removing the non-mechanical stimulus, the foil sections can be made to unbend resulting in a flattening and expansion of the foil to its original shape.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a negative pressure generating apparatus includes an ejector that generates a negative pressure whose magnitude is larger than that of a negative pressure to be taken from an intake passage in an intake system for an internal combustion engine provided in a vehicle; a state change device that makes the ejector function or stop functioning; and a predetermined value change device that changes a predetermined value according to an operating state of the vehicle, when the state change device makes the ejector function based on a result of a comparison between the negative pressure to be taken from the intake passage and the predetermined value.

Abstract: An EGR mixer arrangement for mixing gas into the intake air of a turbocharged internal combustion engine is provided. The arrangement includes an inlet port with connection for a branch pipe, which with an insertion section opens out into the inlet port. The insertion section forms a diffuser vane with a surface which is positively double-bent in the direction of flow of the intake air and which extends in a curved shape in the flow direction of the inlet port.

Abstract: A method of assembling a fluid compression system includes coupling at least one first compression apparatus to a first platform. The method also includes coupling at least one drive apparatus to one of the first platform and a second platform. The method further includes coupling the first platform to the second platform. The at least one second compression apparatus is coupled in series flow communication with the at least one first compression apparatus.

Abstract: This invention provides means for producing power by using isothermal compressors and isothermal expanders. One embodiment has an isothermal compressor that compresses air (or other gas), passes the air through a counter-flow heat exchanger, which heats the air, uses the heated air to drive an isothermal expander for power generation, and transfers the expander exhaust back through the counter-flow heat exchanger to heat the input air to the expander. Another embodiment has a boiler that produces vapor that flows through a counter-flow heat exchanger to superheat the vapor. The vapor then flows through an isothermal expander for power generation. The exhaust from the isothermal expander flows back through the counter-flow heat exchanger to supply heat to the vapor coming from the boiler and then flows through another heat exchanger that preheats the feed liquid flowing to the boiler.

Abstract: The Planetary Improvement Motor uses new thermodynamic ideas that redefine heat pumps and engines with an immaculate engine and pump design that can replace nearly all engines and pumps with one basic, simple design. The Planetary Improvement Motor can save the planet if you let it. WOW! YOU MUST BE LIKE A PHYSICIST OR SOMETHING TO COME UP WITH SUCH A GREAT IDEA? Actually, “No, I have never been interested in medicine. I am an artist, this is my art.

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbine engine is provided, the combustor having an outer shell with an outer surface exposed to cooling air and an inner surface, and at least one floatwall panel attached to the inner surface of the outer shell and having a trailing edge. At least one dilution hole is in the floatwall panel near the trailing edge and in communication with the outer surface of the outer shell, and at least one local air impingement hole is in the outer shell downstream of each at least one dilution hole, that directs the cooling air towards the trailing edge of the floatwall panel.

Abstract: A gas-turbine combustion chamber wall for a gas-turbine has a combustion chamber wall 9, on the inner side of which several tiles 10 are arranged, with an interspace 14 being formed between the tiles 10 and the combustion chamber wall 9, into which cooling air is introduced via impingement-cooling holes 8 provided in the combustion chamber wall 9 and from which the cooling air flows into the combustion chamber via effusion-cooling holes 11, 23 provided in the tile 10. The tile 10 includes a surface structure 19, 22 on the side facing the combustion chamber wall 9. The area of the impingement-cooling holes 8 and the area of the effusion-cooling holes 11 do not coincide.

Abstract: The invention provides systems, processes and methods for converting heterogeneous coal-fired power plants to cogenerate a sustainable, consistent, and economic cement. Such cogeneration enables a simultaneous production of both electric power and cement and thus provides significant economic and environmental efficiencies and benefits and eliminates a major source of greenhouse gas emissions and thereby mitigates a major contributor to climate change.

Abstract: A compressor or fan is controlled to avoid stall, surge or flutter. The control system includes a look-up table from which is retrieved a margin-adjusted limiting value of a control parameter of the compressor, using inputs representing inlet guide vane angle (IGV), non-dimensional speed of the compressor (N/R?T), vehicle Mach number (Mn) and inlet geometry (IG). A variable stall, surge or flutter safety margin about a nominal limiting value of a control parameter is pre-established to reflect threats to the working, stall, flutter and surge lines, for example as a result of measurement inaccuracies, and from this the margin-adjusted limiting value is derived. An actual value of the control parameter is determined in real time, and the actual value is compared with the margin-adjusted limiting value. An output signal indicating stall, surge or flutter risk is generated if the actual value falls within the stall, surge or flutter safety margin.

Abstract: A magnetic convection heat circulation pump, wherein magnets are disposed inside a magnetic field flow passage for passing a magnetic fluid therein or on a part of the inner wall surface of a circulation flow passage in a magnetic pump thermally joined to a heat receiving part. The magnetic fluid is driven since a magnetic force is directly applied to the magnetic fluid and a large temperature gradient is produced between the heat receiving part and the magnetic pump due to a difference between a heat quantity transferred from the heat receiving part indirectly to the magnetic pump and the heat quantity of the magnetic fluid led into the magnetic pump.

Abstract: This trash cooling unit system includes a Thermoelectric cooling system (TEC) which requires no harmful Freon or refrigerant liquids. It has a temperature controller to maintain a constant temperature. This system will operate on DC 24V at 12 Amps and move up to 40 watts of heat. Also, it has an AC adapter. The capacity of the trash unit is: width: approx. 10½,? Depth: approx. 9½,? Height: approx. 22?. The interior enclosure has a temperature of about 45° F. in a 80° F., 80% relative humidity ambient. This corresponds to approximately 17 watts of passive heat load from air convection and conduction through 2? of Polystyrene which prevents any condensation.

Abstract: A device for ventilating and cooling the interior of a vehicle with at least one air guide channel (7) having air inlet openings (8) located in the rear of a solar cell equipped vehicle roof (5a, 5b), the air guide channel (7) being restricted to the rear area (3) of the vehicle roof (5a, 5b) and having at least one fan (15) for taking in outside air (10) and at least one coolng element (14) for cooling the air taken in. The bottom of the air guide channel (7) is formed by a first section (12) of a roof portion (5b) which extends from the vehicle rear toward the vehicle front (3, 1) and the top of the air guide channel (7) is formed by a second section (13) of a roof portion (5a) which extends from the vehicle front toward the vehicle rear (1, 3).

Abstract: A pulse-tube refrigerating machine includes: a compressor that pressurizes a refrigerant gas; a regenerator tube accommodating a regenerator material therein; a pulse-tube having of a hollow cylinder through which the refrigerant gas flows; an intake valve and an exhaust valve provided between the compressor and the regenerator tube. A heat-shielding material is provided to at least a portion of at least one of a first wall forming a portion of the pulse-tube and a second wall contacting a portion of the pulse-tube.

Abstract: To provide a liquefied gas supply device and supply method that has good operability and a compact structure, and enables stable supply of large flow rates of liquefied gas while managing the consumption amount of liquefied gas promptly in real time. A liquefied gas supply device characterized by having container 1 filled with liquefied gas, load cell 2 for measuring the weight of container 1, halogen lamp unit 3 for heating container 1, and a gas transfer means to transfer gas in the gas-phase section of container1, and arranging halogen lamp unit 3, comprising halogen lamp heater 3a and space 3b for the lamp, and load cell 2 in an integrated structure at bottom section 1a of container 1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device (1) for cooling metal sheets and strips during the production thereof, particularly following rolling thereof. Said device (1) comprises a feeding duct (2) for delivering a cooling medium, especially water. Said feeding duct (2) is connected to a housing (3) inside which two nozzle rails (4, 5) are disposed so as to be movable relative to one another. Said two nozzle rails (4, 5) can be arranged at a short distance (a) from each other, thereby forming a nozzle gap (6) for the cooling medium, said nozzle gap (6) having a rectangular cross section. At least one element (8) that forms a barrier for the cooling medium is placed in the housing (3) between the point of entrance (7) of the cooling medium into the housing (3) and the nozzle gap (6).

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a sensing system for detecting a level and quality of ice cubes in an ice cube storage bin. The sensing system employs a digital image capture device that is coupled to a digital image analyzing system which scans digital images of the ice cube storage bin captured by the digital image capture device to determine a level of ice cubes in the ice cube storage bin. Digital images of the ice cubes are contrasted against a reference image which provides a point of comparison for determining the level of ice cubes in the ice cube storage bin and controlling ice production cycles of the ice maker. The sensing system also analyzes edge portions of the ice cubes to determine ice cube quality.

Abstract: A heat pump system is disclosed that utilizes a primary compressor, a booster compressor, and a controlled heat exchanger heat exchanger fluidly connected between the boost compressor output and the primary compressor input. The controlled heat exchanger functions to reduce the temperature of the refrigerant entering the primary compressor, thereby allowing the booster compressor to operate for longer periods without overheating the primary compressor. Increasing compressor run times improves both the heat pump efficiency and extends the compressor lifespan. The heat energy may be diverted away from the primary compressor to a hydronics system for heating an indoor space. Additionally, heat energy may be withdrawn from the hydronics system to defrost the outdoor coil of the heat pump system. The periods of compressor inactivity may also be extended by withdrawing heat energy stored in a hydronics tank.

Abstract: A system and process to re-liquefy boil-off liquid natural gas in varied amounts by a process using a screw compressor having an effective compression range from about 10 to about 100 percent of its rated capacity.

Abstract: Method for controlling an intermittently supercritically operating refrigeration circuit (2) for circulating a refrigerant in a predetermined flow direction having in flow direction a compressor (4), a heat-rejecting heat exchanger (10), a control valve (12) associated to the outlet (14) of the heat-rejecting heat exchanger (10) and a control (16) for controlling the control valve (12), wherein the method comprises the following steps: (a) in the subcritical mode, controlling the control valve (12) so that a predetermined “subcritical pressure” ensuring a predetermined sub-cooling of the liquid refrigerant at the outlet (14) of the heat-rejecting heat exchanger (10) is maintained; (b) in the supercritical mode, controlling the control valve (12) so that a predetermined “supercritical pressure”, which is optimized for optimum efficiency, of the supercritical refrigerant at the outlet (14) of the heat-rejecting heat exchanger (10) is maintained; and (c) in a border mode in a border region next to the critical p

Abstract: A cooling tower for evaporating water from a brine solution is provided and may include an air inlet, a brine inlet for receiving the brine solution, and a heat-exchange assembly receiving the brine solution from the brine inlet and receiving air from the air inlet. The heat-exchange assembly transfers moisture from the brine solution to the air received from the air inlet to reduce the moisture content of the brine solution.

Abstract: An operation unit for a vehicle air conditioner includes a display device, a setting input portion of a control parameter of the air conditioner other than a set temperature, an obtaining portion configured to obtain a present set value of the control parameter, and an operating state identification portion configured to identify whether an air-conditioning operating state is in a plurality of predetermined operating states of the air conditioner. In the operation unit, a moving pattern of a pointer of the display device is changed according to the operating state of the air conditioner. For example, a pointer operation control portion can be configured to control an operation of a pointer driving motor such that the pointer moves on a dial of the display device at different moving speeds according to the air-conditioning operating state.

Abstract: A method of controlling an air conditioning system of the type having a variable capacity compressor circulating refrigerant through a condenser, an expander, an evaporator and returning to the compressor. Sensors are disposed to sense a refrigerant condition selected from one of pressure and temperature on one or both the compressor high pressure and low pressure side; and, in the event of an overload condition, the sensors generate a control signal that effects operation of an actuator for moving a member in the compressor to vary the compressor capacity to the lowest capacity output. Alternatively, the generated control signal may vary the compressor speed.

Abstract: A cooling system for cooling a gas flow is provided having a heat exchanger heat exchanger with a plurality of chambers through which a coolant may flow. The system also has a plurality of chamber valves, wherein each of the plurality of chamber valves is configured to selectively control fluid flowing through an associated one of the plurality of chambers. In addition, the system has at least one gas sensor situated to sense a parameter indicative of a temperature of a gas flowing through the heat exchanger. The system further has a controller configured to actuate at least one of the plurality of chamber valves to prevent the flow of coolant through at least one of the plurality of chambers when the gas temperature is below a threshold temperature.

Abstract: An ice making device and a refrigerator having the ice making device include an ice making tray having ice making grooves opened at upper sides thereof to receive water and a cool air flow channel disposed below the ice making grooves and along which cool air flows. Cool air is uniformly supplied from one side to the other side of the ice making tray along the cool air flow channel, and therefore, the ice making process is completed in a reduced time.

Abstract: This invention discloses a gasoline-saving vehicle A/C controller, comprising a timer with a control button and a junction. The control button of the timer is set to a pre-determined ON/OFF schedule; the junction is switched on and off by the timer in accordance with the ON/OFF schedule of the control button. The junction is connected in series to the thermo control system. When the junction is electrically activated, the vehicle A/C system of clutch relay, the compressor clutch and the compressor is correspondingly activated.

Abstract: An aircraft air conditioning system includes an air supply system (engine bleed or cabin air compressor taking ambient air and pressurizing it at or above cabin pressure) and a cooling system (air cycle or vapor cycle cooling packs to reject heat outside the vessel). These systems can exist as independent systems or combined into a single unit. Air supply and cooling are powered from either engine bleed air or electric power. In order to increase the airflow through the cabin, some cabin air is re-circulated and mixed with fresh air from the air supply system.

Abstract: Various thermostat embodiment are provided that includes at least a first sensor configured to communicate information indicative of the temperature within the space, and at least a second sensor configured to communicate information indicative of the humidity within the space. The thermostat further includes a controller in communication with the at least first and second sensors, for controlling the thermostat's operation. The controller is configured to operate in a first mode in which the controller operates the air conditioner when the sensed temperature of the space is above a temperature set-point or when the sensed humidity level is above the humidity set-point. The controller is further configured to operate in a second mode in which the controller operates the air conditioner when the sensed temperature is below a set-back temperature set-point, or when the sensed humidity is above a set-back humidity set-point.

Abstract: A method for improving efficiency in heating and cooling systems which includes the steps of providing speed and pressure monitoring devices for monitoring and measuring the operational speed (OS) and the head (HR) of the fan or pump and providing a flow rate monitoring device for monitoring and measuring the fluid flow rate (Q) for fluid flowing through the fan or pump. The OS, HR and Q for the fan or pump would be periodically obtained from the speed and pressure monitoring devices and the flow rate monitoring device, and the operating S-value of the heating and cooling system would be determined by applying the formula S-value=HR/(QR)2, thereby obtaining a measurable single value representative of the overall efficiency of the heating and cooling system.