Abstract: Three layers are formed on a TFT substrate SUB 100. The three layers include a first transparent electrode PSL1 131, a second transparent electrode CSL 127 and a third transparent electrode PSL2 132, all of which are laminated in parallel to the substrate surface. Two auxiliary capacitances to a liquid crystal capacitance are formed between the first transparent electrode PSL1 131 and the second transparent electrode CSL 127 and between the second transparent electrode CSL 127 and the third transparent electrode PSL2 132.

Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a channel layer of a specific shape, a thermal gradient inducer body, a gate insulating film, a gate electrode and an interlayer insulating film, a source electrode and a drain electrode. The channel layer is formed on a substrate. The channel layer has a nucleation region and a crystal end. The thermal gradient inducer body partially circumscribes the channel layer. The gate insulating film is formed on the substrate, and the channel layer is at least partially covered with the gate insulating film. The gate electrode is formed on the gate insulating film. The interlayer insulating film is formed on the gate insulating film, and the gate electrode is at least partially covered with the interlayer insulating film. The source electrode and the drain electrode are formed on the interlayer insulating film, passed through the gate insulating film and the interlayer insulating film, and electrically connected to the channel layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal module includes a frame, a light reflecting sheet, a cold cathode tube, an optical sheet, a liquid crystal panel, a bezel and a pair of lamp frames. The frame includes a pair of opposing side plates and a bottom plate. The side plates have a plurality of engagement components. The bottom plate has a plurality of latching holes. Each of the lamp frames has a front plate part with a latching leg piece and a rear plate part with a latching component. The latching leg piece is inserted into one of the latching holes of the bottom plate of the frame to latch to the respective one of the latching hole. The latching component latches upward to respective one of the engagement components of the side plates of the frame.

Abstract: A liquid crystal module includes a frame, a light reflecting sheet, a cold cathode tube, an optical sheet, a liquid crystal panel, a bezel, a pair of lamp frames and a restriction component. The frame includes top, bottom, left and right side plates, and a base plate disposed on a lower side of the top, bottom, left and right side plates. The pair of lamp frames is fixedly attached along the left and right side plates of the frame in an interior of the frame. The restriction component is provided between each of the lamp frames and each of the top and bottom side plates to prevent the lamp frames from rotating around a longitudinal axis of the lamp frames with respect to the frame.

Abstract: A liquid crystal module includes a frame, a light reflecting sheet, a cold cathode tube, an optical sheet, a liquid crystal panel and a bezel. The frame has a pair of opposing edge frame parts formed on a pair of opposing side plates of the frame, respectively. At least one of the edge frame parts has an opening. The light reflecting sheet is disposed on the frame and has a pair of opposing end edge parts that is superposed on the edge frame parts of the frame, respectively. At least one of the end edge parts has a tab piece that is inserted through the opening of the at least one of the edge frame parts of the frame to engage to a lower side of the at least one of the edge frame parts.

Abstract: A backlight module includes a frame, a lamp stationary barrier, and at least one lamp. The lamp stationary barrier has at least one side wall formed by oblique lines. The lamp is disposed in the frame, and at least a portion of an electrode end of the lamp is covered by the side wall. The oblique side wall may effectively improve the luminance uniformity of the backlight module, and thus a liquid crystal display using this backlight module has good display quality.

Abstract: An exemplary backlight module (20) includes a back frame (25) including a bottom plate (251) and light sources (24) each including a base (241). The bottom plate includes fixing structures (254) that are configured for fixing the light sources to the bottom plate such that the bases of the light sources contact the bottom plate. A liquid crystal display device (2) using the backlight module is also provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display, optical sheet manufacturing method, and an optical sheet are provided. The occurrence of moiré is prevented while suppressing a reduction in front luminance. The liquid crystal display includes: a liquid crystal display panel; a light source arranged on a back surface side of the liquid crystal display panel; an optical sheet with a light-condensing property arranged between the liquid crystal display panel and the light source, the optical sheet having a number of irregularities arranged continuously on a principal surface of the optical sheet; and a diffuser sheet arranged between the liquid crystal display panel and the optical sheet.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a frame, a linear light source, a liquid crystal cell, a light diffusing plate and a positioning mechanism. The light diffusing plate is disposed between the frame and the liquid crystal cell and has an optical processing region formed in a first direction from a first side portion of the light diffusing plate to a second side portion of the light diffusing plate. The positioning mechanism positions the light diffusing plate with respect to the frame with a middle portion of at least one of the first and second side portions of the light diffusing plate in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction being used as a reference to align the optical processing region of the light diffusing plate with the linear light source in the second direction.

Abstract: An exemplary backlight module includes a diffuser plate, a bottom plate facing the diffuser plate, lamps arranged between the diffuser plate and the bottom plate, and holders positioned between the diffuser plate and the bottom plate. Each holder includes a fixing part for holding the corresponding lamp, and two supporting parts extending from the fixing part. The supporting parts are configured for supporting the diffuser plate.

Abstract: A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal system has a continuous polymer structure having defined therein a plurality of discrete bodies of liquid crystal material. The bodies of liquid crystal material exhibit a polydomain operating state in which the liquid crystal material within each body is arranged in multiple domains, each domain being defined by a quantity of liquid crystal material whose molecules have a substantially common identifiable alignment in at least one axis, wherein the resolved alignments of neighbouring domains diverge substantially from one another and are stable over time.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus is provided. The liquid crystal display apparatus includes at least one incidence-side polarizer, a liquid crystal panel, at least one output-side polarizer, and a mechanism for turning each of the incidence-side polarizer and the output-side polarizer around an optical axis. The incidence-side polarizer is made of an inorganic material. The liquid crystal panel is provided for modulating the polarized state of light output from the incidence-side polarizer to output the modulated light. The output-side polarizer is made of an inorganic material for outputting the light incident from the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A user interface (200) for a portable electronic device (100) is configured to transition from a first state to a second state to present a plurality of mode-based user actuation targets to a user. The user interface (200) includes a segmented electro-optical device (407) configured to open and close shutters, thereby revealing and hiding the user actuation targets. The user interface includes a first polarizer (401) disposed above the segmented electro-optical device (407) and a colored reflective polarizer (405) disposed beneath the segmented electro-optical device. The colored reflective polarizer (405), which may include a colored dichroic polarizer (601) and a reflective polarizer (602), causes the user interface (200) to exhibit a predetermined color.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, in which a plurality of pixels are defined in a matrix form and each pixel includes red, green, blue, and white sub-pixels adjacent to one another vertically and horizontally, is disclosed. The liquid crystal display device includes first, second, and third substrates sequentially stacked from the bottom, a thin-film transistor array formed on the first substrate, a black matrix formed on the second substrate between the first substrate and the second substrate at the boundary of the respective sub-pixels, a color filter layer formed on the second substrate between the first substrate and the second substrate at the respective sub-pixels, and a barrier layer formed on the third substrate over each white sub-pixel. An opening in the white sub-pixel has a smaller size than that of openings in the red, green, and blue sub-pixels.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes an element substrate, pixel electrodes and a common electrode that are formed on the element substrate, a counter substrate, a liquid crystal layer that is formed between the counter substrate and the element substrate, first and second polarizing plates that are provided on an emitting side of display light and an opposite side, respectively, and a retardation film that is provided in a reflective region to be disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first polarizing plate. Each pixel has a transmissive region where transmissive display light is emitted and a reflective region where reflective display light is emitted. The retardation of the retardation film has smaller temperature dependency than the retardation of the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes pixel electrodes each supplied with a video signal from a drain bus line through a thin-film transistor driven by a scanning signal from a gate bus line. The pixel includes at least a light reflection film within its area, the light reflection film is flush with the drain bus line, having its surface formed with concave and convex ruggedness segments, the pixel electrode is formed on the top of an insulator film formed to cover the light reflection film and having its surface flattened or leveled and an electrode overlapping the light reflection film and insulated from the pixel electrode is intervened in the insulator film.

Abstract: A transreflective liquid crystal display comprises a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes at least four subpixels including a white subpixel, a red subpixel, a green subpixel and a blue subpixel. Each subpixel comprises a transmissive area and a reflective area. The reflective area of the white subpixel is smaller than that of each of the R, G, and B subpixels so that the percentages of effective output light of the white subpixel and the other colored subpixels are consistent in both reflective and transmissive modes.

Abstract: A display panel and an electro-optical device thereof are provided. The display panel comprises a pair of substrates, at least one data line, at least three common lines, at least one scan line, at least one switch element, a common electrode, and a display media layer. The pair of substrates comprises a first substrate and a second substrate. The data line and the three common lines are formed on the first substrate. The data line and the common lines interlace to form a plurality of areas. Each of the areas comprises an electrode. The electrodes are connected to each other to form a pixel electrode. The scan line is formed on the first substrate and under an electrode of one of the areas. The switch element is formed under an electrode of one of the areas, and comprises a source connected to the pixel electrode, a drain connected to the data line, and a gate \ connected to the scan line. The common electrode is formed on the second substrate, with a display media layer disposed between the two substrates.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display that includes a liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of substrates facing each other and a transparent display area for transparent display and a reflecting display area for reflecting display within a single pixel area, wherein the liquid crystal layer is composed of a quasi-isotropic liquid crystal material that is optically isotropic when non-selected electric field is applied and is optically anisotropic when selected electric field is applied, the flexibility of which changing according to the electric field intensity, and the electric field intensity is supposed to be set smaller in the reflecting display area than in the transparent display area.

Abstract: A vertical alignment (VA) mode liquid crystal display unit having at least one biaxial optical anisotropic substance sheet and a liquid crystal cell between a light emission side polarizing polarizer and a light incident side polarizer, wherein (1) nx>ny>nz is satisfied (nx and ny: in-plane principal refractive indexes of the entire biaxial optical anisotropy, and nz: a principal refractive index in the thickness direction), (2) the low refractive index layer comprises an aerogel with a refractive index of up to 1.7, and (3) a multilayered body consisting of the total biaxial optical anisotropic substance sheet and the liquid crystal cell satisfies the formula: |R40?R0|?35 nm where R0: a retardation as measured without imposition of voltage when light with wavelength of 550 nm impinges vertically, and R40: a retardation as measured without imposition of voltage when light with wavelength of 550 nm impinges at an inclination angle of 40 degrees from the normal to the direction of the principal axis.

Abstract: A display substrate includes an insulation substrate, a common electrode, a cell gap maintaining part, a liquid crystal (LC) alignment support part and an oxide alignment layer. The common electrode is formed on the insulation substrate. The cell gap maintaining part is formed on the common electrode. The LC alignment support part of an organic material is formed on the common electrode. The oxide alignment layer is formed on the LC alignment support part. Therefore, the alignment speed and response speed of liquid crystal molecules may be enhanced.

Abstract: When radiating light onto a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material, the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is adjusted by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal composition layer, to achieve substantially orderly alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, or the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is made uniform by adjusting the structure of the liquid crystal display device, or any display defect is driven out of the display area. When radiating light to the liquid crystal composition containing the photosensitive material, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted so as to achieve substantially orderly alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal display device can thus be driven stably.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device having an alignment film of which pretilt angle and azimuthal angle can be adjusted without ultraviolet irradiation and a method for fabricating the LCD device are provided. A liquid crystal display having a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate facing each other and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrates includes a first alignment film having a pattern which defines a first and second alignment domains on the thin film transistor substrate and a second alignment film formed on the color filter substrate.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of substrates with alignment layers formed thereon, and a liquid crystal filled between the substrates. Each pixel has pixel display portions CA, CB and non-display portions DA, EA, DB, EB. The pixel display portions are treated for realizing alignment in a different manner from the non-display portions and the alignment of the pixel display portions is controlled by the alignment of the non-display portions. Moreover, the alignment treatment is executed by the irradiation with ultraviolet rays in an inclined direction.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of substrates with alignment layers formed thereon, and a liquid crystal filled between the substrates. Each pixel has pixel display portions CA, CB and non-display portions DA, EA, DB, EB. The pixel display portions are treated for realizing alignment in a different manner from the non-display portions and the alignment of the pixel display portions is controlled by the alignment of the non-display portions. Moreover, the alignment treatment is executed by the irradiation with ultraviolet rays in an inclined direction.

Abstract: To provide display devices with improved image quality and reliability or display devices with a large screen at low cost with high productivity, an electrode layer containing a conductive polymer is used as an electrode layer for a display element, and the concentration of ionic impurities contained in the electrode layer containing a conductive polymer is reduced (preferably to 100 ppm or less). Ionic impurities are ionized, and easily become mobile ions, and they deteriorate a liquid crystal layer or an electroluminescent layer, which is used for a display element. Therefore, an electrode layer containing a conductive polymer, in which such ionic impurities are reduced is provided; thus, reliability of the display device can be improved.

Abstract: An array substrate includes light blocking parts formed under a semiconductor line. The light blocking parts have an electric potential lower than a critical electric potential, at which a short occurs, thereby minimizing the electric potential difference between the light blocking parts and the adjacent lines when an electrostatic field is applied to the light blocking parts.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and a pixel array structure is provided. The first substrate includes a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines, and the second substrate includes a common electrode. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The pixel array structure includes a plurality of pixel units and a plurality of protrusions. The pixel units are arranged as an array, and each pixel unit includes an active device and a pixel electrode electrically connected the active device, wherein the pixel electrode has a plurality of electrode sections. The protrusions are substantially located in at least one junction region of the electrode sections. The liquid crystal molecules in the LCD panel have fast response speed and correct arrangement direction.

Abstract: A display panel having: three-color pixels sequentially arranged in a row direction, with a white pixel provided in an adjacent row. One or more gate lines extending in a row direction are associated with the three-color pixels; and a plurality of data lines extending in a columnar direction are associated with the respective three-color pixels, wherein the white pixel is coupled to the gate line and at least one of the plurality of data lines. An RGBW pixel arrangement structure is implemented using a part of a plurality of signal lines assigned to the respective RGB pixels for a divided-pixel structure in order to control an additional white pixel.

Abstract: In a wiring figure pattern of a display panel, each wiring is separated into bands of optimal widths by slits of a constant width as a wiring figure pattern so that minimum light irradiation for curing a photocuring sealing material can be carried out without increasing the electric resistance of the wiring. The optimal width means a resistance such that light coming from both sides of the band cures the sealing material on the upper surface of the band-without influencing the driving and display of liquid crystal. At a point where the width of wiring becomes two times or more of the optical width between the start point and end point of intersection of the wiring and the sealing material region, the wiring is divided by the slit. A first branch forms the band of the optimal width extending from the branch point to the end point, whereas the second branch extends to the end point and is spaced apart from the first branch by the width of the slit.

Abstract: A printed circuit board on which a connector is mounted includes a conductive layer, insulating layers, and a supporting member. A part of the conductive layer is exposed on a top surface of the PCB in order to form a connecting pad portion for connecting the connector. The insulating layers are disposed proximate to both sides of the conductive layer. The supporting member is connected to the conductive layer and covers a surface of a hole formed by opening an orifice through the conductive layer and the insulating layer. The hole is disposed adjacent to the connecting pad portion.

Abstract: An LCD device has an LCD panel having a peripheral region, a heating layer disposed on the LCD panel, and two first flexible printed circuits (FPCs) electrically connected to the heating layer, and adapted to transmit voltage to the heating layer so that the heating layer can generate heat. At least one of the FPCs has a wide portion and a narrow portion being fixed in the peripheral region of the LCD panel and being connected to the heating layer.

Abstract: A method of filling a multilayered cell with media. In the method, a multilayered cell having at least two layers, i.e., a first and second layer, is filled with media. The method comprises forming in the first layer a first medium injection region for filling the first layer with a first medium, forming in the second layer a second medium injection region for filling the second layer with a second medium, the second medium injection region corresponding to a region different from the first medium injection region, superposing the first and second layers, forming within the first medium injection region a first through-hole extending through the multilayered cell in the layer-thickness direction, forming within the second medium injection region a second through-hole extending through the multilayered cell in the layer-thickness direction, and injecting the first and second media into the first and second through-holes, respectively, to fill the first and second layers with the first and second media.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal (LC) material that aligns homeotropically on substrates with high or low surface energy.

Abstract: A panel for a liquid crystal display including a substrate, and at least one spacer formed over the substrate. The at least one spacer has a tapered shape with an inclination angle in the range of about 20-about 70 degrees and a height in the range of about 2.5-about 5.0 microns.

Abstract: A device and method of making eyewear with distinctive leather style and comfort as well as practicality in custom covered, customer covered, or mass produced eyewear coverings utilizing a zipper, snap, or metal button attaching means or by an insert molding in an injection molding process or compression molding process incorporating a normal structural material as well as a finished leather covering material.

Abstract: A protective glasses assembly has an integrally formed designed lens, a frame made of a soft material and fitted in with the designed lens and a band. A plurality of spaced apart male portions extend rearward from edges of the designed lens for being inserted into sockets of corresponding covering elements extending forward from edges of the frame, and a number of air-passing grooves are located on upper and lower edges of the frame. The designed lens has engaging blocks respectively formed on left and right sides for engaging with boundary holes of connector members connected with both ends of the band, and through holes for receiving inner inserting sections of the connector members. Thereby the designed lens and the frame can be assembled promptly and kept in a stable position.

Abstract: Eye glass strap holder for securing two separate pair of glasses, such as, but not limited to, sunglasses and reading glasses, to neck with a double to single strap design and an adjustment block to aid in fastening around one's neck for easy exchanging from one set of glasses, sunglasses or reading glasses to the other.

Abstract: A matching eyewear and watch includes a pair of eyewear having a lens with a shape; and a wrist watch, in which the watch face has the same shape as the lens. Optionally, the eyewear lens and the watch crystal can be tinted the same, matching color.

Abstract: This invention includes a wettable biomedical device containing a high molecular weight hydrophilic polymer and a hydroxyl-functionalized silicone-containing monomer.

Abstract: A spectacle lens is disclosed. The disclosed lens provides a vision correcting area for the correction of a wearer's refractive error. The viewing correction area provides correction for non-conventional refractive error to provide at least a part of the wearer's vision correction. The lens has a prescription based on a wave front analysis of the wearer's eye and the lens can further be modified to fit within an eyeglass frame.

Abstract: A fundus camera having a function of measuring a retinal function, capable of picking up (obtaining) a sharp color image of a fundus suitable for a fundus examination and measuring a retinal function with high accuracy comprises an illumination optical system comprising a visible light source, an image-pickup optical system comprising an image-pickup element, a mode selection switch for performing switching between a fundus photographing mode and a retinal function measurement mode based on variance of an intrinsic signal of a retina made by retinal stimulation, and a control unit which controls the optical systems, wherein the unit lowers, when the retinal function measurement mode is selected, illumination intensity of the illumination optical system per unit time in illuminating the fundus than that in picking up the color fundus image, and controls the element to pick up first and second visible fundus images at different points in time.

Abstract: A method of simulating an optical effect, and/or characteristic of a selected ophthalmic lens design for a wearer is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method includes retrieving simulation data for the selected ophthalmic lens design and processing the simulation data to generate output image data for an output image simulating the optical effect and/or characteristic of the selected ophthalmic lens design. The output image is displayed, using a head-mounted display worn by the wearer, for viewing by the wearer. A system for simulating an optical effect, and/or characteristic of a selected ophthalmic lens design for a wearer is also disclosed.

Abstract: An optotype presenting apparatus capable of performing a test with accuracy by minimizing differences in manners an optotype is seen by examinees which result from differences in height of eyes among the examinees comprising a display unit comprising pixels having color filters arranged in a longitudinal direction, a polarization optical member comprising first and second optical regions in the form of a longitudinal line corresponding to the arrangement of the pixels which are alternately arranged in a lateral direction, the regions converting light from the display unit into light having polarizing axes perpendicular to each other, an optotype selecting unit, and a display control unit controlling the pixels corresponding to the first regions to display first optotypes of the optotype to be presented to a right or left eye, and controls the pixels corresponding to the second regions to display second optotypes thereof to be presented to the other eye.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for improving vision and the resolution of retinal images is described in which a point source produced on the retina of a living eye by a laser beam is reflected from the retina and received at a lenslet array of a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor such that each of the lenslets in the lenslet array forms an aerial image of the retinal point source on a CCD camera located adjacent to the lenslet array. The output signal from the CCD camera is acquired by a computer which processes the signal and produces a correction signal which may be used to control a compensating optical or wavefront compensation device such as a deformable mirror. It may also be used to fabricate a contact lens or intraocular lens, or to guide a surgical procedure to correct the aberrations of the eye. Any of these methods could correct aberrations beyond defocus and astigmatism, allowing improved vision and improved imaging of the inside of the eye.

Abstract: A projection apparatus including an illumination system, a reflective light valve and an imaging system is provided. The illumination system emits an illumination beam. The reflective light valve is disposed on a transmission path of the illumination beam. The imaging system includes a first lens group, a polarization beam splitter and a second lens group. The first lens group is disposed on the transmission path of the illumination beam between the illumination system and the reflective light valve. The polarization beam splitter is disposed on the transmission path of the illumination beam between the illumination system and the first lens group. The polarization beam splitter permits the illumination beam to pass through and travel to the reflective light valve. The reflective light valve modulates the illumination beam to an image beam traveling to the polarization beam splitter. The polarization beam splitter reflects the image beam to the second lens group.

Abstract: The wavelength-selective polarization conversion element includes a plurality of polarization splitting surfaces each of which separates entering light into two polarized light components having polarization directions different from each other, a plurality of phase plates that causes a polarization direction of one polarized light component in the two polarized light components from the polarization splitting surfaces to coincide with a polarization direction of the other polarized light component. The element further includes a plurality of dichroic surfaces that is disposed closer to a light entrance side than the plurality of polarization splitting surfaces or between the plurality of polarization splitting surfaces and the plurality of phase plates, each dichroic surface separating entering light into two wavelength region components different from each other.

Abstract: Methods and systems for projecting an image on an object or objects in a performance area are described. Special visual effects may be created using these methods and systems. Information about the object(s) and performance area is acquired and used to process the visual effects. Using this information, images can be tailored to project various colors of light or specific images onto the objects or performers within a performance area by determining the objects' exact shape and adjusting the image accordingly. Continuous information acquisition can be employed to create images that change with the movements of performers and appear to interact in substantially real time with performers, audiences, or objects in the performance area. Multiple information acquisition devices can be used, as well as multiple projection devices, to create complex and interesting special effects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a beam switch (1) for an optical imaging system. An at least partially reflecting foil (2), is sandwiched in a slanted position in a space between a first plate (3) and a second plate (4). The switch (1) further comprises a foil electrode (6) associated with said foil (2) and a first transparent electrode (5) associated with said first plate (3) and/or a second electrode (7) associated with said second plate (4). Application of a first voltage potential difference between said foil electrode (6) and at least one of said plate electrodes (5, 7) is arranged to attract said foil (2) towards a position essentially parallel with said first plate (3), in order to reflect light incident on said first plate (3) in a first direction. Application of a second voltage potential difference is arranged to allow said foil (2) to take said slanted position, reflecting light incident on said first plate (3) in a second direction.

Abstract: A multi-resolution digital table display system is provided for integrally displaying an image picture with more than one resolution. The multi-resolution digital table display system includes a table, a peripheral projection device, a foveal projection device, and an image module. For saving space and avoiding affection of user's hand, the peripheral projection device and the foveal projection device required for projecting images are disposed under the table. The image module provides a peripheral image with a first resolution to the peripheral projection device for projecting the same to a projection screen, and provides a foveal image with a second resolution to the foveal projection device for projecting the same to the projecting screen, such that an image picture can be integrally displayed on the projecting screen.