Patents Issued in March 10, 2009
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Patent number: 7502391Abstract: Apparatus for providing optical radiation includes a pump source and at least one first amplifying waveguide. The first amplifying waveguide emits optical radiation in excess of 1400 nm when pumped by the pump source. In one embodiment, the pump source can include a plurality of laser diodes and a plurality of second amplifying waveguides. In this arrangement the first amplifying waveguide is pumped by the second amplifying waveguides, the second amplifying waveguides are pumped by the laser diodes, and the second amplifying waveguides are configured to improve the beam quality of radiation emitted by the laser diodes.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: SPI Lasers UK LimitedInventors: Malcolm Paul Varnham, Mikhail Nicholaos Zervas, David Neil Payne, Lars Johan Albinsson Nilsson
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Patent number: 7502392Abstract: The present invention provides a laser oscillator using an electroluminescent material that can enhance directivity of emitted laser light and resistance to a physical impact. The laser oscillator has a first layer including a concave portion, a second layer formed over the first layer to cover the concave portion, and a light emitting element formed over the second layer to overlap the concave portion, wherein the second layer is planarized, an axis of laser light obtained from the light emitting element intersects with a planarized surface of the second layer, the first layer has a curved surface in the concave portion, and a refractive index of the first layer is lower than that of the second layer.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ryoji Nomura, Akihisa Shimomura
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Patent number: 7502393Abstract: To provide a light-emitting device having a resonator capable of stably and efficiently taking out light. The device includes an active medium, a resonator for confining the light having a first wavelength emitted from the active medium within a three-dimensional space and a wavelength conversion medium for converting the wavelength of the light having the first wavelength into a second wavelength.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Yuichiro Hori
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Patent number: 7502394Abstract: Both a system and method are provided for modulating the intensity of an output beam generated by semiconductor laser. The exemplary system includes a source of pulsating current connected to the laser that generates a pulsating beam of laser light, an external modulator having an input that receives the pulsating beam, and an output controlled by pulsating control signal, wherein the output beam transmitted by the external modulator output is modulated by changing a relative phase angle between the pulsating current powering the laser, and the control signal of the external modulator over time. The external modulator may be an intensity-type modulator whose output is controlled by a gate signal having a constant phase, and the source of pulsating current powering the laser may be variable phase in order to modulate the output beam with an external modulator having a simple structure.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Martin H Hu, Nobuhiko Nishiyama, Chung-En Zah
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Patent number: 7502395Abstract: A pulsed coherent fiber array laser system that includes a beam generating sub-system that provides a signal pulse beam having pulses of the desired duration that is split into several fiber channels. Optical leakage between the pulses in each split beam is measured and locked to a reference beam by a phase sensing circuit and phase adjusters so that the phase of each fiber pulsed beam is aligned with the phase of the reference beam. A pulse clipper or filter is employed to remove the pulses in the fiber beams so that they do not saturate the phase sensing circuit. The beam generating sub-system can employ any suitable combination of devices to generate the signal beam and the reference beam, including continuous wave master oscillators, amplitude modulators, frequency shifters, injection seed oscillators, Q-switched lasers, reference oscillators, frequency lockers, wavelength division multiplexers, time gated switches, etc.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Northrop Grumman Space & Mission Systems Corp.Inventors: Eric Chiu-Tat Cheng, Robert Rex Rice, Michael Gordon Wickham, Mark Ernest Weber
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Patent number: 7502396Abstract: A solid-state laser apparatus which can improve its durability is provide. In the solid-state laser apparatus 1, a main pipe 11 for circulating a coolant through a solid-state laser medium 3 is provided with a heat exchanger 14, whereby the laser medium 3 is prevented from raising its temperature. When the coolant becomes acidic or alkaline, a controller 24 controls a flow regulating valve 23, so as to increase the flow rate of the coolant flowing into a bypass pipe 21 provided with a deionizing filter 22, whereby the acidity or alkalinity of the coolant can be weakened. This can prevent the coolant from deteriorating a predetermined part of the laser apparatus 3, and thus can improve the durability of the solid-state laser apparatus 1.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignees: Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.Inventors: Toshiyuki Kawashima, Tadashi Kanabe, Sadao Nakai, Hirofumi Kan
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Patent number: 7502397Abstract: When a laser diode assembly is manufactured, bulb-shaped solder residue is not formed on a laser diode device, a submount, or a heatsink. A laser diode assembly (30) comprises a laser diode device (12). A submount (16) is jointed on a substrate side of the laser diode device (12) with a first solder layer (14) in between. A heatsink (20) is jointed on a rear face side of the submount (16) with a second solder layer (18) in between. The submount (16) is provided with a submount groove (32) formed along border of a joint area jointed with the laser diode device (12) and an extension groove (36) extending to edges of the submount (16).Type: GrantFiled: December 26, 2003Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Sony CorporationInventor: Kaori Naganuma
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Patent number: 7502398Abstract: A directly cooled diode-laser bar package includes a diode-laser bar bonded to a heat-sink. The operating temperature of the diode-laser bar can be selectively varied by varying the thermal impedance of the heat-sink in or near a region of the heat-sink on which the diode-laser bar is bonded. The thermal impedance is selectively varied by varying the insertion depth of screws inserted into corresponding screw holes extending into the heat-sink close to or immediately adjacent the region on which the diode-laser bar is bonded.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Coherent, Inc.Inventors: David Schleuning, C. David Nabors, R. Russel Austin
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Patent number: 7502399Abstract: A package for a laser diode component is described. This comprises a carrier, which has on a front side a mounting region for a laser diode chip or laser diode bar, and at least one holding device, which is arranged on the carrier and has at least one aperture, in which an electrical terminal conductor is held. The holding device is designed for surface mounting. Moreover, a laser diode component with such a package and a method for producing a laser diode component are described. In the method, preferably a plurality of carriers are provided together in an interconnected assembly and are loaded with laser diodes. Subsequently, holding devices each with at least one electrical terminal conductor are fitted on the carriers.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbHInventor: Christian Ferstl
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Patent number: 7502400Abstract: A circuit for driving a semiconductor laser, in particular a vertical cavity surface-emitting laser that comprises a differential amplifier for driving the semiconductor laser directly. The semiconductor laser is differentially driven by means of the differential amplifier, a first output of the differential amplifier being direct-current-coupled to a first terminal of the semiconductor laser and a second output of the differential amplifier being alternating-current-coupled to a second terminal of the semiconductor laser.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: AlcatelInventor: Helmut Preisach
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Patent number: 7502401Abstract: The present invention provides a VCSEL system comprising forming a first mirror, forming a vertical cavity on the first mirror, the vertical cavity including integrated multiple gain regions and forming a transverse p/n junction laterally to the integrated multiple gain regions, wherein forward biasing the transverse p/n junction causes photon emission in the integrated multiple gain regions.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Avago Technologies General IP (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.Inventors: Jeffrey N. Miller, Scott W. Corzine, David P. Bour
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Patent number: 7502402Abstract: A semiconductor laser device includes a semiconductor laser portion, a window layer structure portion, a first inter-element portion, and a pre-placed optical element portion on an InP substrate. The semiconductor laser portion includes an InGaAsP layer and an InP layer located on the InGaAsP layer. The window layer structure portion of a double heterojunction structure has the same optical axis direction as the semiconductor laser portion and is located apart from the semiconductor laser portion. The first inter-element portion has a 100-?m or less thickness in an optical axis direction, is in contact with an end face on a side of the window layer structure portion adjacent to the semiconductor laser portion and includes an InGaAsP layer and an InP layer of the same layer configuration as the semiconductor laser portion.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Mitsubishi Electric CorporationInventor: Yasunori Miyazaki
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Patent number: 7502403Abstract: In a horizontal cavity surface emitted laser, there is provided a device structure that is capable of obtaining a circular narrow-divergence emitted beam that is high in the optical coupling efficiency with a fiber. As a first means, there is provided a horizontal cavity surface emitting laser having a structure in which the plane mirror that is inclined by 45° and the bottom lens of the oval configuration are integrally structured. As a second means, there is provided a horizontal cavity surface emitting laser in which the mirror having the columnar front surface configuration inclined by 45° and the bottom lens of the columnar front surface configuration are integrally structured. Since the horizontal component and the vertical component of the laser beam can be shaped, independently, through the above means. As a result, it is possible to obtain the circular narrow-divergence emitted beam.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 2007Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Opnext Japan, Inc.Inventors: Kazunori Shinoda, Koichiro Adachi, Hideo Arimoto
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Patent number: 7502404Abstract: A method for optically pumping a gain-medium with partially polarized or unpolarized pump-light having a wavelength at which that gain-medium has an absorption that is dependent on the polarization plane of the pump-light is disclosed. The pump-light is directed into the gain-medium. The strongest-absorbed polarization component of the pump-light is substantially absorbed and the weakest-absorbed polarization component is partially transmitted by the gain-medium. The polarization plane of the transmitted component is rotated through 90 degrees and the polarization-rotated pump-light is directed back into the gain-medium, wherein it is substantially absorbed.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Coherent, Inc.Inventors: Keith M. Murdoch, Steven M. Jarrett, Edward D. Reed
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Patent number: 7502405Abstract: The present invention provides a ring laser system comprising forming an optical core by an epitaxial layer overgrowth over an intermediate layer, forming multi-quantum wells adjacent to the optical core and forming an outer structure further comprising a total internal reflector, wherein forming photons within the multi-quantum wells further comprises circulating the photons within the ring laser structure comprising the outer structure, the multi-quantum wells, and the optical core.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Avago Technologies ECBU IP (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.Inventors: Michael R. T. Tan, Scott W. Corzine, David P. Bour
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Patent number: 7502406Abstract: A receiver receives signals and noise over a frequency spectrum of a desired received signal. The desired received signal is spread using code division multiple access. The received signals and noise are demodulated to produce a demodulated signal. The demodulated signal is despread using a code uncorrelated with a code associated with the desired received signal. A power level of the despread demodulated signal is measured as an estimate of the noise level of the frequency spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2002Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: InterDigital Technology CorporationInventors: Gary Lomp, Fatih Ozluturk, John Kowalski
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Patent number: 7502407Abstract: A wireless communication system which transmits and receives a signal by using a plurality of wireless apparatuses, comprising: a first wireless apparatus group having a plurality of transmitting apparatuses, each transmitting a wireless signal based on a first control signal, said first wireless apparatus group forming a first ad-hoc network between said transmitting apparatuses; and a second wireless apparatus group having a plurality of destination apparatuses, each receiving the wireless signal transmitted from said first wireless apparatus group, said second wireless apparatus group transmitting and receiving the wireless signal received by said destination apparatuses based on a second control signal, and said second wireless apparatus group forming a second ad-hoc network between said destination apparatuses different from said first ad-hoc network.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 2007Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Ren Sakata, Syuichi Sekine, Mutsumu Serizawa, Hiroki Shoki, Hiroshi Tsurumi, Shuichi Obayashi, Tomoko Adachi, Kiyoshi Toshimitsu, Tsuguhide Aoki
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Patent number: 7502408Abstract: A modulation control module for use in an RF transceiver, the modulation control module includes a processing module and memory. The memory is operably coupled to the processing module, wherein the memory stores operational instructions that causes the processing module to: receive a multiple path channel estimation; and determining, for each transmit path of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) wireless communication, a modulation control signal based on a corresponding portion of the multiple path channel estimation.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Joonsuk Kim, Christopher J. Hansen
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Patent number: 7502409Abstract: An exemplary mobile broadband modem for network access comprises a processor coupled to an I/O interface capable of being communicably coupled to a plurality of computers, a transceiver coupled to an antenna and the processor, and a network sharing module executed by the processor that establishes a network connection via the transceiver and allows computer to then utilize the network connection. The mobile broadband modem may include a chassis for securing the PC card modem transceiver within the chassis.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Kyocera Wireless Corp.Inventors: Diego Kaplan, Thomas J. Vaccaro, Bryan Ireland, Joseph Zeff, Christopher Maddox
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Patent number: 7502410Abstract: A circuit (100) is provided for notching an incoming wireless signal. The circuit comprises: a notching mechanism (110) for receiving an incoming signal and generating a notched signal having reduced power at the notch frequency (320), the notch frequency being adjustable in response to a notching control signal; a signal parameter detector (165, 170, 175, 180, 185) for detecting a signal parameter of the notched signal (325); a controller (155) for receiving the signal parameter and for generating the notching control signal (315), the controller being configured to vary the signal parameter within a notching control signal range (340); and a memory (160) for storing the signal parameter and the notching control signal received from the controller in a notching database (330). The controller is configured to analyze the notching database to determine an optimal notching control signal to achieve a desired level of signal performance (345).Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.Inventors: John W. McCorkle, Timothy R. Miller
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Patent number: 7502411Abstract: In preferred embodiments, an adaptive equalization circuit including at least two equalization filters (each for equalizing a signal transmitted over a multi-channel serial link) and control circuitry for generating an equalization control signal for use by all the filters. The control circuitry generates the control signal in response to an equalized signal produced by one of the filters, and asserts the control signal to all the filters. Preferably, one filter generates an equalized fixed pattern signal in response to a fixed pattern signal (e.g., a clock signal), each other filter equalizes a data signal, and the control circuitry generates the control signal in response to the equalized fixed pattern signal.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Silicon Image, Inc.Inventors: Ook Kim, Gyudong Kim
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Patent number: 7502412Abstract: A method and system thereof for determining feedback for iterative channel estimation based on the summation of soft output decisions or Bit Error Rate (BER) derived from the output of an equalizer. The channel impulse response initially obtained according to a training sequence is used to estimate the received signal, and output hard values. The BER of the training sequence is calculated and judged, and if the BER is too high, the channel is estimated again according to the feedback until the BER satisfies a predetermined value. If the BER is still unsatisfactory after a predetermined number of trials, the channel is assumed to be an authentic bad channel, thus terminating the feedback procedure. If the equalizer is capable of outputting soft output decision, the summation of soft outputs is used instead of BER to determine whether feedback is appropriate.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Qisda CorporationInventor: Sheng-Jie Chen
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Patent number: 7502413Abstract: The invention relates to motion estimation and compensation between two given images represented by a polygonal mesh. It provides a solution to the problems of crowding and uncovering of mesh units when the mesh is shifted. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for the encoding of a mesh that represents an image of a moving sequence. According to the invention, such a mesh is larger in size than the image.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 2001Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: France TelecomInventors: Guillaume Robert, Nathalie Laurent-Chatenet
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Patent number: 7502414Abstract: Occurrence of mosquito noise of a macro block that contains even a small plain region is suppressed. One macro block is subdivided into sub blocks each of which is composed of four pixels×four lines. The average value of luminance levels of each sub block is calculated. The absolute values of the difference values between the luminance levels and the average value are obtained for each sub block. The minimum value of the average difference values of the 16 sub blocks of one macro block is selected and decided as an activity of the macro block. Corresponding to the decided activity, a quantizer scale of the macro block is decided. With the decided quantizer scale, the macro block is quantized. According to this method, since the size of each sub block is smaller than the size of a conventional sub block of eight pixels×eight lines, the average difference value of each sub block is more emphasized.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 2002Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Sony CorporationInventors: Akira Sugiyama, Haruo Togashi
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Patent number: 7502415Abstract: Techniques and tools are described for decoding video data having samples that have been scaled in the spatial domain. For example, a decoder receives a bit stream that includes coded video data for a current frame. The decoder processes at least one syntax element (e.g., sequence layer flag, frame layer flag) that indicates whether the current frame should be scaled up in value in a spatial domain. If so, then the samples for the current frame are scaled up in value in the spatial domain. As another example, for a reference frame used in motion compensation for a current frame, a decoder scales samples of the reference frame so the range of the reference frame matches the range of the current frame.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Microsoft CorporationInventors: Bruce Chih-Lung Lin, Pohsiang Hsu, Sridhar Srinivasan, Thomas W. Holcomb
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Patent number: 7502416Abstract: A method comprises determining a plurality of time intervals Tp and Tn within a variable bit rate (VBR) representation of an image sequence. The time intervals Tp are those in which a number of blocks of information per unit time is greater than a baseline value. The time intervals Tn are those in which a number of blocks of information per unit time is less than the baseline value. A second representation of the image sequence is created in which some blocks of information Bp are removed from the time intervals Tp and interlaced with blocks of information Bn in the time intervals Tn to reduce a variation in a number of blocks of information per unit time between the time intervals Tp and Tn.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property 1, L.P.Inventors: Pierre Costa, Ahmad Ansari, John Robert Erickson
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Patent number: 7502417Abstract: A data transmission device for generating a plurality of compressed/encoded data of different bit rates from a single video signal, whereby unevenness in the amount of generated data can be easily reduced. A synchronizing signal detection section detects a synchronizing signal from the input video signal and supplies the detected signal to a timing control section. Compressing/encoding sections compress/encode the same video signal input thereto to generate data streams of different bit rates. The timing control section controls the compressing/encoding sections in accordance with the synchronizing signal detected by the synchronizing signal detection section such that timings for starting compression/encoding processes in the compressing/encoding sections are offset in units of frame.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2003Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Fujitsu LimitedInventor: Michiko Mizoguchi
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Patent number: 7502418Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for joint equalization and decoding of multilevel codes, such as the MLT-3 code, which are transmitted over dispersive channels. The MLT-3 code is treated as a code generated by a finite-state machine using a trellis having state dependencies between the various states. A super trellis concatenates the MLT-3 trellis with a trellis representation of the channel. Joint equalization and decoding of the received signal can be performed using the super trellis. A sequence detector is disclosed that uses the super trellis or a corresponding reduced-state trellis to perform joint equalization and decoding of the received signal to decode the MLT-3 coded data bits. The sequence detector may be embodied using maximum likelihood sequence estimation that applies the optimum Viterbi algorithm or a reduced complexity sequence estimation method, such as the reduced-state sequence estimation (RSSE) algorithm.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2001Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Agere Systems Inc.Inventors: Kameran Azadet, Erich Franz Haratsch
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Patent number: 7502419Abstract: A novel method of communicating in a Multi-Input/Multi-Output communication system. The method includes receiving channel status information corresponding to each transmitting data stream in the MIMO system, and determining a common modulation scheme to use for all of the transmitting data streams based on the received channel status information. A common coding scheme, common modulation scheme, or a common modulation and coding set may also be selected based on the received channel status information.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: LG Electronics Inc.Inventors: Bong Hoc Kim, Dongyoun Seo
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Patent number: 7502420Abstract: In a MIMO communication system (100) with limited power for each antenna, a method, apparatus and a processor (420) provide for determining bin energy level allocation to each OFDM frequency bin at each transmit antenna. An estimate of a solution vector including elements of the allocation bin energy level to each OFDM frequency bin at each antenna is determined. An error function based on the determined solution vector is also determined. An error magnitude is determined based on the determined error function. The error magnitude is compared to an error threshold. The processor (420) accepts the estimate of the solution vector with the elements of the allocation bin energy level when the error magnitude is less than the error threshold.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: QUALCOMM IncorporatedInventor: John W. Ketchum
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Patent number: 7502421Abstract: The performance and symbol rate in a wireless mobile system are increased by forming a transmission code matrix using transformed orthogonal codes, in such a way that the code is robust to channel statistics and operates well in both Ricean and (correlated) Rayleigh channels. Furthermore, the invention enables high symbol rate transmission using multiple transmit antennas, and one or multiple receive antennas, and obtains simultaneously high diversity order and high symbol or data rate.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Nokia CorporationInventors: Ari Hottinen, Olav Tirkkonen
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Patent number: 7502422Abstract: A transmitter comprises a baseband processor, a wideband phase modulator and an amplitude modulated amplifier. A signal is provided through the baseband processor and is converted into polar coordinates, comprised of amplitude and phase components, with the amplitude component being transmitted to the amplitude modulated amplifier. The amplitude modulated amplifier being comprised of independently controllable current sources, and with the phase component being transmitted to the wideband phase modulator, for modulation upon a carrier wave, and subsequent transmission to the amplitude modulated amplifier for amplification according to control imposed by the amplitude component upon the current sources.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 2003Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: M/A—COM, Inc.Inventors: Anthony Dennis, Yongwen Yang, Walid Ahmed, Radwan Husseini, David Bengtson
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Patent number: 7502423Abstract: Each of a first oversampling filter and a second oversampling filter oversamples to an n×m times as high frequency as a symbol rate. The first and second oversampling filters then output output data having a sampling frequency to first and second CIC filters, respectively.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Panasonic CorporationInventor: Teruaki Hasegawa
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Patent number: 7502424Abstract: The present invention provides for making code rate adjustments and modulation type adjustments in a pseudonoise (PN) encoded CDMA system. Coding rate adjustments may be made by changing the number of information bits per symbol, or Forward Error Code (FEC) coding rate. A forward error correction (FEC) block size is maintained at a constant amount. Therefore, as the number of information bits per symbol are increased, an integer multiple of bits per epoch is always maintained. The scheme permits for a greater flexibility and selection of effective data rates providing information bit rates ranging from, for example, approximately 50 kilobits per second to over 5 mega bits per second (Mbps) in one preferred embodiment.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: IPR Licensing, Inc.Inventors: John E. Hoffmann, George Rodney Nelson, Jr., Daniel I. Riley, Antoine J. Rouphael, James A. Proctor, Jr.
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Patent number: 7502425Abstract: An algorithm for computing an efficient, reduced complexity, windowed optimal linear time domain equalizer for a dispersive channel comprises the steps of determining a window of maximum energy in the impulse response of length equal to or less than a number of cyclic prefix samples associated with a received digital data signal, computing the corresponding inside and outside matrices, performing an inverse Cholesky decomposition of the inside matrix, creating a resultant matrix as the product of the outer and the upper and lower square root inner matrix, followed by Householder reduction and QL transformation to thereby compute the time domain equalizer as the linear transformation of the eigenvector corresponding to the smallest eigenvalue at the receiver. The smallest eigenvalue is determined using the aforementioned orthogonal transformations without determining all the eigenvalues efficiently but without the loss accuracy associated with iterative methods like the conventional power method.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 2007Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: AT&T Corp.Inventors: Richard H. Erving, Lalitha Sankaranarayanan
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Patent number: 7502426Abstract: An improved system and method for estimating one or more parameters, such as amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio, of a received signal, such as an M-QAM or q-ASK signal, is set forth herein. The amplitude of an M-QAM signal is estimated based upon known or ascertainable phase information regarding a plurality of transmitted symbols. The amplitude of a q-ASK signal is estimated based upon known or ascertainable magnitude information regarding a plurality of transmitted symbols. In another embodiment, the amplitude of an M-QAM or q-ASK signal is estimated based on statistical knowledge of the amplitude of the transmitted symbols. Other embodiments of the present invention estimate amplitude, noise power, and signal-to-noise ratio of a received signal utilizing second-order and fourth-order moments of received samples, a maximum likelihood searching process, or a Kurtosis estimation process.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 2003Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: InterDigital Technology CorporationInventors: Bin Li, Gregory S. Sternberg, Philip J. Pietraski
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Patent number: 7502427Abstract: A repeatable read-out (RRO) detector employs one or more digital interpolators to interpolate asynchronous sample values that represent RRO data. The asynchronous sample values are read from a recording medium and generated by an A/D converter at a symbol rate, and the interpolators generate interpolated samples at at least one time in between the asynchronous sample value times. Each interpolated sample corresponding to some phase relative to that of the sample values generated by the A/D converter. The RRO detector receives 1) the asynchronous samples at symbol rate and 2) the interpolated samples to efficiently detect the encoded RRO data. An RRO address mark indicates when detection of encoded RRO data starts, and is employed to select those samples suitable for RRO data detection. Detection of the RRO address mark employs peak detection among filtered asynchronous and interpolated samples. The process of peak detection adjusts the current best phase for sample selection.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Agere Systems Inc.Inventors: Viswanath Annampedu, Pervez M. Aziz
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Patent number: 7502428Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a correlator that correlates a pseudo-noise sequence with a received clip stream in order to generate a correlated output. The apparatus further includes a phase controller coupled to the correlator to generate a histogram of the correlated output over a plurality of bit periods. The apparatus also includes a bit clock generator coupled to the phase controller to recover an original bit stream by using the histogram to adjust a sample position of a bit clock.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Intel CorporationInventor: David Gordon Ballinger
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Patent number: 7502429Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to measure a transmission performance characteristic. A signal is received and equalized. The equalized signal is demodulated and an ideal signal is generated from the demodulated equalized signal. A performance characteristic is the estimated from a difference between the ideal signal and the equalized signal.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: The DIRECTV Group, Inc.Inventor: Ernest C. Chen
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Patent number: 7502430Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to measure a transmission performance characteristic. A signal is received and demodulated. An ideal signal is generated from the demodulated signal. The received signal is coherently averaged to reduce noise. The performance characteristic is the estimated TWTA nonlinearity from a difference between the coherently averaged ideal signal and received signal.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: The DIRECTV Group, Inc.Inventor: Ernest C. Chen
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Patent number: 7502431Abstract: Baseband input units input baseband received signals. Initial value computation units compute correlation values by performing correlation processings between the baseband received signals and a training signal in the interval of the training signal. A phase error estimating unit outputs a phase error signal based on the baseband received signals arid the training signal. Weight computation units generate initial weighting coefficients by compensating the correlation values with the phase error signal, when the interval of the training signal ends. In the interval of a data signal, the weighting coefficients are updated from the initial weighting coefficients. A synthesizing unit adds up the baseband signals after weighting the baseband received signals with the weighting coefficients.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 2003Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.Inventor: Yoshiharu Doi
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Patent number: 7502432Abstract: A signal weighting and combining method implemented within a receiver having a plurality of receive antennas is disclosed herein. Each receive antenna is disposed to produce a received RF signal in response to a transmitted RF signal received through a channel. The method includes weighting the plurality of received RF signals produced by the antennas in accordance with a corresponding plurality of RF weighting values selected to minimize an output bit error rate of the receiver, thereby forming a plurality of weighted RF signals. The method further includes combining ones of the plurality of weighted RF signals in order to form one or more combined RF signals. A similar splitting and weighting method capable of being implemented within a transmitter having a plurality of transmit antennas is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Severine Catreux, Vinko Erceg, Pieter Roux, Pieter Van Rooyen, Jack Winters
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Patent number: 7502433Abstract: Method and apparatus for a bimodal source synchronous interface for a receiver module is described. A first input cell with a first delay chain and a first register block is provided for receipt of a forwarded clock signal by the first delay chain. A second input cell with a second delay chain and a second register block is provided for receipt of a data signal by the second delay chain. The second input cell is configured such that output from the second delay chain is coupled to a data input of the second register block. The first input cell and the second input cell may be operated in either a first modality or a second modality. The first modality may be for interfacing to a synchronous integrated circuit interface. The second modality may be for interfacing to a synchronous network/telecommunications interface.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: XILINX, Inc.Inventors: Paul T. Sasaki, Jason R. Bergendahl
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Patent number: 7502434Abstract: A frequency detector and frequency-locked loop suitable for use in a clock recovery circuit are disclosed. The detector is linear, and can be used in implementing a loss of lock indicator. Variable delay filtering permits the frequency detector to be less sensitive to data fluctuations, and random or pseudo random addition of jitter helps address low gain in the data stream. A VCO controller cycles through a number of control states and provides varying levels of gain, dither and delay during each of the control states.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Silicon Laboratories Inc.Inventors: Eric T. King, Douglas Pastorello
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Patent number: 7502435Abstract: The present invention provides a two-point modulator arrangement with a PLL that can be operated at various reference frequencies. A modulation signal provided by a digital signal processor is supplied as an analog signal at the input of the oscillator in the PLL and as a digital modulation signal on a frequency divider. For the purpose of pulse shaping the digital modulation data, a digital filter is provided that is coupled to the control input of the frequency divider and, in line with the principle proposed, is operated at the same, constant clock frequency as the signal processor, regardless of the reference frequency. As a result, no resynchronization of the digital modulation data is necessary upstream of the digital filter.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 2004Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Infineon Technologies AGInventor: Markus Hammes
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Patent number: 7502436Abstract: A pulse width modulation (PWM) generator featuring very high speed and high resolution capability and the ability to generate standard complementary PWM, push-pull PWM, variable offset PWM, multiphase PWM, current limit PWM, current reset PWM, and independent time base PWM while further providing automatic triggering for an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) module that is precisely timed relative to the PWM signals. Applications include control of a switching power supply that requires very high speed operation to obtain high resolution at high switching frequencies, and the ability to vary the phase relationships among the PWM output signals driving the power supply power components. A single PWM duty cycle register may be used for updating any and/or all PWM generators at once to reduce the workload of a digital processor as compared to updating multiple duty cycle registers.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 2008Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Microchip Technology IncorporatedInventor: Bryan Kris
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Patent number: 7502437Abstract: Due to the provision of slit collimators an intensity of a fan beam is reduced significantly such that expensive high power x-ray tubes have to be used. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a high power tube may be used with a very long focus in combination with a focusing collimator. The tube can be a cheap fixed anode tube still with a high power of, for example, 15 kW due to the large focus. The collimator may ensure that the resolution of the reconstructed scatter function is not degraded. The illuminated slice thickness is increased which may allow for an isotropic spatial resolution.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 2005Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.Inventors: Jens-Peter Schlomka, Michael Wilhelm Paul Dargatz
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Patent number: 7502438Abstract: A receiving medium comprising N components is assigned to a channel comprising N components respectively and provided along the circumference around which a rotating frame rotates. At a position facing the receiving medium corresponding to the rotation, the transmission medium of M components (M?2N, N represents an integer more than 2) are arranged separately in a line along the circumference of the rotating frame. A signal generation device produces the signal containing data relating to an object obtained by detection of the X-ray detector device. When the transmission medium is rotated according to the carrier signal to face any of the receiving medium, a switching device transmits the signal from the channel to one of the corresponding receiving medium. When the interval between the two adjacent transmission medium passes through the receiving medium, the signal from the same channel may be transmitted to the two adjacent transmission medium.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 2007Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignees: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba, Toshiba Medical Sstems CorporationInventors: Shouichi Nakagawa, Michihiro Yamashita
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Patent number: 7502439Abstract: To enable radiation rays to be efficiently used. A scout scan parameter setting unit sets a rotation movement position to which an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector are moved so as to rotate around a subject on the basis of subject information of a subject on which a scout scan is performed at the time of performing a scout scan. At the time of starting execution of the scout scan, a rotating unit moves the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector so as to rotate around the subject to the rotation movement position which is set by the scout scan parameter setting unit. After that, a scout scan is performed in the rotation movement position.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: GE Medical Systems Global Technology Company, LLCInventors: Tetsuya Horiuchi, Junko Sekiguchi
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Patent number: 7502440Abstract: A radiodiagnostic apparatus includes a data collection unit, a primary correction unit, a body contour detection unit, a secondary correction unit, and a reconstruction unit. The primary correction unit calculates a plurality of primary extrapolation expression candidates for correcting second projection data so as to obtain third projection data candidates formed from the second projection data and a plurality of primary extrapolation expression candidates and for obtaining third projection data from the plurality of third projection data candidates.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 2006Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignees: Kabushiki Toshiba, Toshiba Medical Systems CorporationInventors: Nobutoku Motomura, Akiyosi Kinda