Abstract: Method and device for bonding the outgoing end section (3) of a first material web (1), which extends in a horizontal transport plane (T) along a horizontal transport direction (t) over a web-processing machine, to the incoming starting section (4) of a second material web (2), which is located in a reserve area (27). An intake device (9) is provided for this purpose, in which an end section (3) of the first material web (1) implemented as a free end is held horizontally at the end, the intake device (9) being equipped with a bonding device (10) movable parallel to the transport direction (t) underneath the transport plane (T) for the tension-resistant bonding of the end section (3) to the starting section (4), which presses flatly overlapping against the end section (3). In particular according to the present invention, the starting section (4) is pressed flatly overlapping against the end section (3) by a vertical movement component of the pre-tensioning unit (8) in relation to the intake device (9).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for liquid crystal display element without substrates, which comprises applying a release agent to assisting substrates in the process of producing the liquid crystal display so that the assembled liquid crystal display element can be separated from the assisting substrates and the liquid crystal display element is obtained, wherein said release agent comprises (a) 2-20 wt % of compounds selected from the group consisting of silicone, fluorine compounds and mixtures thereof; (b) 0.01-0.6 wt % of release modifier; and (c) a solvent as a complement to 100 wt %.

Abstract: A composite article is provided that includes a polyolefin layer, a tie-layer, and a non-polyolefin. The tie-layer may comprise a silicon modified polyolefin. Methods are also provided for adhering a polyolefin to a non-polyolefin. Such articles may used, for example, in composite tubing.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention includes a method of joining two substrates with multilayer thermo-reversible dry adhesives and separating the two bonded substrates by completely thermally reversing the adhesion via heating.

Abstract: A production method for an electromagnetic wave shielding laminate comprising the step of forming a geometric-form electromagnetic wave shielding material on a releasable support, and the steps of separating the electromagnetic wave shielding material from the releasable support and transferring it onto a transfer support formed of at least one function layer provided on one or both surfaces thereof with at least one function of conductivity, anti-reflection function, reflection-reducing function, hard-coat property, anti-glare function, anti-staining function, near infrared ray absorbing function, ultraviolet ray absorbing function, color correcting function, radiating function, Ne cutting function, anti-scattering function, and shock relieving function.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is a pattern forming method including: (I) a graft polymer forming step of preparing a substrate whose surface is modified with a graft polymer directly chemically bonded to a base material; (II) a particle-dispersed liquid placing step of placing droplets including a dispersion liquid including a liquid (dispersion medium) and particles dispersed therein on the graft polymer-formed surface in a predetermined pattern by a droplet discharging method; and (III) a particle pattern forming step of evaporating the liquid (dispersion medium) from the droplets placed, to form a layer including particles on the substrate in a predetermined pattern.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing a plastic fuel tank provided with at least one accessory (14) connected to the internal space of the tank via at least one orifice (12) in the wall (10) of the tank, the accessory including a projecting element (24) extending to the outside of the tank, the processing comprising the steps consisting in providing a film (22) that includes a peripheral region (28) and a border region (30) around an opening in the film, in placing the film on the wall of the tank and on the outer surface of the accessory in such a way that the projecting element passes through the film via the opening, in welding the film over its entire peripheral region to the wall of the tank, and in welding the film, over its entire border region, to the outer surface of the accessory.

Abstract: Printed wiring boards and methods of manufacturing printed wiring boards are disclosed. In one aspect of the invention, the printed wiring boards include electrically conductive constraining cores having at least one resin filled channel. The resin filled channels perform a variety of functions that can be associated with electrical isolation and increased manufacturing yields.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for attaching a volatizable active substance (4) to a supporting material (1) and for the controlled release of this active substance (4) into the surrounding area, during which the volatizable active substance (4) is introduced into a carrier material (2), which is solid at normal temperature and which is melted by heating, and a carrier material/active material melt S is placed in contact at least with a portion of the supporting material (1) having the normal temperature or a lower temperature whereby attaching thereto in the form of a film F, and the volatizable active substance (4) is released in a controlled manner by natural and/or artificial influence of air and/or heat from the carrier material (2) attached in the form of a film F.

Abstract: Provided is a spin head for supporting and rotating a substrate. The spin head includes a body, chuck pins disposed at the body and movable between supporting positions and rest positions, and a chuck pin moving unit configured to move the chuck pins straight. The chuck pins supports a substrate at the supporting positions and provides a substrate loading/unloading space at the rest position. The chuck pin moving unit includes movable rods fixed to the chuck pins, a rotatable cam including protrusions on an outer surface thereof so as to move the chuck pins from the supporting positions to the rest positions, and chuck pin return units respectively applying forces to the movable rods so as to move the chuck pins individually from the rest positions to the supporting positions. The chuck pin moving unit further includes contact maintaining members.

Abstract: A flip-chip mounting apparatus includes a variable-shape mirror 16 for receiving a laser beam emitted from a laser beam oscillating source 12, a sensor 18 for sensing a reflected laser beam from the variable-shape mirror 16, and a controlling portion 20 for controlling the variable-shape mirror 16 by comparing a sensed signal input from the sensor 18 with previously input threshold values such that an intensity distribution of the reflected laser beam corresponds to a distribution of bumps 37 on a semiconductor chip 36, whereby when the reflected laser beam from the variable-shape mirror 16 is irradiated onto the semiconductor chip 36 through a beam expander 34 and a pushing body 40, a beam shape of the reflected laser beam matches with an outer shape of the semiconductor chip 36 and also joined portions are heated concentratedly.

Abstract: Continuous motion label transferring apparatus includes a non-stick surface between a peel point and a pinch point. A label unwinder continuously passes a first web along a path towards the pinch point. The first web includes a series of spaced labels having pressure sensitive self-adhesive on a surface to which a liner of release material is releasably attached. As the release liner travels around the peel point, the labels continue to move toward the pinch point, passing over the nonstick surface as they approach the pinch point. A target mover passes a succession of spaced targets through the pinch point adjacent the self-adhesive surface of the labels, so that the labels are individually adhered to the targets. A control system for the label unwinder monitors the target mover, and synchronizes the labels and targets in a desired manner. The distance between the peel point and the pinch point is set so that the labels can be fed continuously into the pinch point in registration with the targets.

Abstract: A coating film transfer tool formed of a housing and a tape transfer head is disclosed. The tape transfer head has a narrow elongated neck design, which keeps the coating film transfer tape is kept in a curved vertical status so that the user can see the area to be covered with the coating film. In an alternate form of the invention, the transparent tape base material is kept in the extended horizontal status when moving over the neck after separated of the coating film, so that the user can see the area to be covered with the coating film.

Abstract: A wallboard finishing roller having an elongated bracket with two ends is provided. Two roller assemblies are attached to the bracket such that the first roller assembly includes a center axis that is perpendicular to a center axis of the second roller assembly. Each roller assembly includes a wheel, a bushing and a shaft such that the wheel is rotatable around the axis of the shaft. The roller assembly is affixed to the bracket by a bracket nut, which is held in place by a bumper.

Abstract: A liquid evaporator with a liquid reserve (1) of a liquid to be evaporated, with at least one liquid feed duct (2, 22, 23, 24), with an evaporating unit (16) adjoining the at least one liquid feed duct (2, 22, 23, 24), with at least one working electrode (3, 4), which forms at least one portion of a wall of the liquid feed duct (2, 22, 23, 24), and at least one counterelectrode (7, 8) arranged at a spaced location from the at least one working electrode (3, 4). An electrical field generated by an electric voltage between the working electrode (3, 4) and the counterelectrode (7, 8) brings about motion of the liquid through the liquid feed duct (2, 22, 23, 24).

Abstract: A vessel-based system and method for disposing of wastewater including bilge water from a bilge of the vessel. The system comprising a treatment unit for receiving and treating the wastewater to produce a substantially oil-free treated water and, an evaporator for receiving the treated water from the treatment unit. The evaporator comprising an evaporation element for transferring heat to the treated water to evaporate the treated water.

Abstract: Two neigbouring roller blinds on the same drive shaft may be adjusted with respect to each other by letting one end plug comprise an un-coupling device. This un-coupling device may advantageously be made by means of an unwrap spring that is actuated by means of a ring that surrounds one end plug.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to partitioning devices and methods for partitioning space. A device is presented comprising: at least one partition body; at least one motility assembly operably adapted to at least one partition body; and at least one interconnect, where the at least one interconnect is used to interchangeably link the at least one partition body in multiple configurations with another partition body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a closing screen device for closing an opening (3) by a cover in a motor vehicle component, including a drive mechanism through which a closing screen (5) can be drive-displaced from an uncovered opening position exposing the opening (3) to a closed position closing the opening (3), and in said closing position, the closing screen (5) is located flush to the edge area of the motor vehicle component which surrounds said closing screen.

Abstract: A fluid transfer apparatus for bulk material is disclosed. The transfer apparatus includes a rotor mounted on a rotatable shaft and including axially extending flow channels extending through the rotor parallel to the shaft, flow connectors for connecting a low-pressure flow of fluid and a high-pressure flow of fluid into and out of the axially extending flow channels, a casing enclosing the rotor, a pair of axially sealing plates disposed between the ends of the rotor and the casing, a pressurizing fluid fed into the chamber defined by the casing to pressurize the rotor, the flow connectors, and the axially movable sealing plates.

Abstract: A process to enhance delignification or bleaching in chemical or mechanical pulps comprising generation of singlet oxygen as a separate step and subsequent transport of singlet oxygen to pulp to effect bleaching or brightening of the pulp.

Abstract: A process for casting a magnesium alloy consisting of 10.00-13.00% by weight of aluminium, 0.00-10.00% by weight of zinc, and 5.00-13.00% by weight of aluminium, 10.00-22.00% by weight of zinc, also containing 0.10-0.5% by weight of manganese, and the balance being magnesium and unavoidable impurities, the total impurity level being below 0.0% by weight, wherein the alloy is cast in a die in which the temperature is controlled in the range of 150-340° C., the die is filled in a time which expressed in milliseconds is equal to the product of a number between 2 and 300 multiplied by the average part thickness expressed in millimetre, the static metal pressures being maintained during casting between 20-70 MPa and may subsequently be intensified up to 180 MPa.

Abstract: Twin roll casters for casting thin steel strip comprise cooled casting rolls mounted on carriers. One roll is fixed and the other is moveable laterally and biased toward the other roll by carrier drive units acting on the moveable roll carriers. A casting pool of molten steel is supported on the rolls which are rotated to produce a solidified steel strip delivered downwardly from the nip therebetween. A gap is regulated between the rolls such that unsolidified molten metal passes through the nip between the solidified shells of the forming strip and solidifies below the nip. The carrier drive units are effective to apply to the biased roll substantially intermediate biasing forces such that the roll separation force at the casting rolls is regulated to a value between 2 and 4.5 Newtons per millimeter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a continuous casting nozzle, which comprises a layer formed to have high functions, such as high corrosion resistance and high anti-deposition capability, and disposed on the side of an inner bore thereof to serve as an inner bore-side layer, so as to enhance durability, wherein the continuous casting nozzle is capable of preventing expansion cracking of an outer periphery-side layer serving as a nozzle body thereof, due to a difference in thermal expansion between respective compositions of the inner bore-side layer and the outer periphery-side layer, while preventing peel-off of the inner bore-side layer during casting.

Abstract: A level sensing system and method for determining the level of a conductive material in a casting mold are disclosed, wherein the level sensing system a drive circuit and an inductive component disposed adjacent to the casting mold, and a position of the conductive material in the casting mold may be determined by a change in an electrical characteristic of the drive circuit.

Abstract: Control is provided over the pouring of iron in the casting of iron pipe in a centrifugal casting machine. The initial flow of molten iron from the pouring ladle into the trough actuates an electric eye. A second electric eye is actuated when the molten iron has filled the pouring ladle. The centrifugal casting machine is rolled up to surround the trough, the bell end of the pipe to be formed being at the end of the trough. The molten iron is poured into the casting machine trough and flows into the bell section of the pipe being cast. The casting machine is then moved away from the trough end to form the rest of the pipe.

Abstract: A method for operating a two-roll casting machine for casting molten metal into cast strip, which machine has two casting rolls which are each rotatively driven in opposite directions about an axis of rotation and between them delimit a casting gap on its longitudinal sides, with side plates that can be placed on the casting rolls, which side plates seal the casting gap on its narrow sides in the casting operation, bridging the casting gap with a refractory material, wherein the side plates are moved during the casting operation in a direction which is aligned parallel to the direction of conveying in which the cast strip leaves the casting gap. With such a method the formation of grooves distorting the casting result and the casting operation can be suppressed with increased certainty and the service life of the side plates can be increased, compared to the prior art.

Abstract: Thermal expansion defects, i.e. veining, are reduced in iron, steel, and nonferrous castings by adding a lithia-containing material in a sufficient amount to the silica sand mold. Adjusting current formulations to maximize the use of lesser expensive raw materials and minimize the use of more expensive raw materials to lower the overall percentages of lithia/metallic oxide containing additives while still reducing or eliminating thermal expansion related defects in the metal casting process reduces the overall cost to manufacture the product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, comprising a first flow path (1) with a number of flow conduits (6) for conducting a fluid to be cooled, a deflection region (13), situated downstream of the first flow path (1) and a second flow path (2), situated downstream of the deflection region (13). According to the invention, the flow conduits (6) of the first flow path (1) continue in the deflection region (13) and the second flow path (2) as continuous separate flow conduits (6). The invention also relates to a flow conduit (41, 41?, 61, 61?, 71, 71?, 81, 81?, 91, 91?) for a heat exchanger (30, 40) for exchanging heat between a first fluid (31) and a second fluid (33), comprising: a conduit casing (63, 63?, 73?, 83, 83?, 93, 93?) with an interior (67) that is surrounded by an inner face (65) of the conduit casing; and a number of struts (69, 79, 79?, 89, 89?, 99) that are located in the interior (67) on the inner face (65) of the conduit casing.

Abstract: A heat pipe includes a pipe body having two enclosed ends and defining a heat absorbing section and a condensing section, a wick structure formed on the inside wall of the pipe body and having a thickness relatively thicker at the heat absorbing section and relatively thinner at the condensing section, and a working fluid filled in the pipe body. By means of the design that the diameter of the space surrounded by the wick structure in the condensing section is greater than that in the heat absorbing section, the heat pipe eliminates fluid accumulation and maintains excellent temperature uniformity.

Abstract: A cooling system that can be used to cool water and to cool an air supply to a building. The system employs a stand alone cooling tower and a night sky cooler. As a result, the water can be cooled below the ambient wet bulb temperature.

Abstract: A water-cooling heat-dissipating module of an electronic apparatus includes a heat-conducting unit, a driving unit and a dissipating unit. The heat-conducting unit has a function of conducting a heat source. The dissipating unit has a function of dissipating the heat of a fluid. The driving unit has a function of driving the fluid. Via the driving unit, the fluid can be rapidly introduced into or drained out of each unit for circulation, thereby achieving the heat-dissipating effect.

Abstract: A cooler includes a substrate for disposing a semiconductor device thereon, a plate member fixed to a back surface of the substrate, a primary pipe, and a secondary pipe. A space sandwiched between the substrate and the primary pipe defines a first flow path for a coolant. The primary pipe and the secondary pipe configure a second flow path for a coolant. The secondary pipe is positioned to jet a coolant toward a region opposite to that having the semiconductor device disposed therein. The second flow path is separated from the first flow path.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for production of a zeolite layer on a substrate containing metal, comprising the following method steps: production of an aqueous suspension, comprising several components, one component comprises at least one cross-linking element from the third, fourth or fifth main group of the periodic table, the substrate containing metal comprises at least one of the cross-linking elements, introduction of the substrate containing metal to the aqueous suspension, heating the aqueous suspension and the substrate containing the metal present therein for the in-situ crystallisation of a zeolite layer on the substrate containing metal, whereby the cross-linking elements in the substrate containing metal are extracted and included in the zeolite layer, a cross-linking element present in the suspension for formation of the zeolite layer is present at a concentration so low that a crystallisation in the suspension is largely or completely avoided and said element is principally provided by th

Abstract: A valve device for controlling a recycled, gaseous fluid and/or for heat exchanger/bypass control for a heat exchanger of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, with at least one valve body, and with at least one valve housing for receiving at least part of the valve body. The valve housing has at least one inlet opening for the inflow of a gaseous fluid, at least one first outlet opening for supplying a heat exchanger with gaseous fluid, and at least one second outlet opening for causing the gaseous fluid to bypass the heat exchanger. The valve body has at least one first valve-body partial element which is in the manner of a hollow body and is intended for controlling the flow rate through at least one outlet opening, and at least one second valve-body partial element which is at least partially of conical design and is intended for controlling the flow rate through the inlet opening.

Abstract: A heat exchanger and method that includes the use of at least one manifold having a plurality of vanes for circulating a fluid requiring cooling. The vanes define a pair of adjacent flow channels that each has a changing cross sectional shape that varies the aspect ratio of the adjacent flow channels defined by each vane. Each vane also has a twisting or spiral shape that serves to change the orientation of each of its adjacent flow channels to even more effectively enable transfer of heat from a first fluid flowing within one of the flow channels to a second fluid flowing in the other adjacent flow channel. In various embodiments both counter-direction flow and same-direction flows are employed in the manifold.

Abstract: A heat exchanger serves to cool a cooling medium, which in turn is intended to cool an electronic component (76). The heat exchanger has an inflow (64) for delivery of hot coolant, and an outflow (68) for discharge of coolant cooled in the heat exchanger. An equalizing vessel (30) is joined to the heat exchanger to form one module. The vessel serves to equalize changes in coolant volume. The equalizing vessel (30) is closed off by a flexible membrane (54) which follows such changes in volume. The equalizing vessel (30) is implemented as a component of the coolant circuit. One part of the equalizing vessel is implemented as a component of the inflow (64) and another part as a component of the outflow (68), which parts are in liquid communication with one another via a switchback path through passages (22) within the heat exchanger (20) that is implemented in double-flow fashion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, comprising a first flow path (1), a deflection region (13) located downstream of the first flow path (1) and a second flow path (2) that is located downstream of the deflection region (13). The first and second flow paths (1, 2) can be traversed by a fluid to be cooled and can be surrounded by a coolant to dissipate heat. The second flow path (2) has a flow resistance that differs from that of the first flow path (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger with a plate package (1) including a plurality of heat exchanger plates, which are stacked onto each other. The heat exchanger plates form first plate interspaces for a first medium and second plate interspaces for a second medium. A casing encloses the plate package and comprises a circular cylindrical outer envelope (6) and two end plate members (7, 8). The outer envelope defines the center axis (x) through the two end plate members. A first inlet (11) and a first outlet (12) convey the first medium into and out from the plate heat exchanger through a respective end plate member. A second inlet (21) and a second outlet (22) convey the second medium into and out from the plate heat exchanger. The plate package has a space which is disposed inside the first inlet and the first outlet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fin for a heat exchanger, comprising a fin element which extends in the flow direction of a first fluid and has a wall face around which the first fluid flows on both sides, wherein at least one flap is provided in the wall face, which flap forms a cutout, through which the first fluid can flow, in the wall face, wherein a first edge of the flap for forming the cutout is arranged spaced apart from the wall face, wherein the flap has a tab face which is inclined with respect to the wall face and terminates at the first edge, wherein the tab face is connected to the wall face via at least one side wall, extending with a curved profile, of the flap, which side wall, starting at the first edge, has a height which decreases in a way which corresponds to the inclination of the tab face.

Abstract: A temperature regulating apparatus includes a correcting operation unit configured a) to calculates a heat exchange amount of a heat exchanger, a logarithmic mean temperature difference or an average temperature in the heat exchanger, and a flow rate of a second medium, b) to calculate an overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger based on the heat exchange amount, the logarithmic mean temperature difference or the average temperature, and the flow rate of the second medium, and c) to correct a gain of a regulating operation unit based on a change in the heat exchange amount with a change in the flow rate of the second medium supplied to the heat exchanger.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention allow the placement of a stand alone device (valve) along a flow path, without a physical connection to the surface or reliance on the borehole for signaling, to provide a means to control the flow between reservoirs. This is achieved using a valve located in the flow path that can be actuated without sending signals down the borehole or well path and thereby eliminating the need for complicated signal lines and or fluid columns to actuate the valve.

Abstract: An arrangement for heat transport used for thermally insulating, or cooling, one or several elements. A casing is arranged to enclose a medium having heat-storing or cooling capacity. The casing has an internal space for receiving the element or elements and the medium with the medium surrounding the element or elements. The arrangement includes guides arranged in the internal space of the casing so as to guide the medium in the internal space such that a circulation and mixing of the fluid will be generated essentially throughout the internal space under the action of occurring temperature differences in the medium, whereby the natural tendency for temperature stratification of the medium is counteracted or eliminated. A corresponding method, the use of an arrangement for protecting a subsea installation or a part thereof from cooling, and use of an arrangement for efficient cooling an electrical appliance.

Abstract: A remotely operable wellbore valve system includes a valve configured to be coupled to a wellbore conduit and to selectively close the conduit. The valve is disposed in a valve body configured to open an existing wellbore valve by longitudinal motion therethrough and to sealingly engage an interior of the existing wellbore valve. The system includes a valve actuator and a signal receiver in communication with the valve actuator. The signal receiver is configured to detect command signals transmitted from the Earth's surface and to cause the actuator to operate the valve in response to the detected command signals.

Abstract: An assembly arranged in a well bore and run in conjunction with a perforated or a non perforated liner has an inflatable packer section prepared for being expanded by fluid and a valve device for opening and closing of fluid communication into the inflatable packer section. The assembly also has a fluid section connected to the inflatable packer section. The fluid section holds a fluid that is delivered into and used to inflate the inflatable packer section. An energy section in the assembly contains an energy source for delivering the fluid from the fluid section into the inflatable packer section. A triggering section includes a control for the energy source and/or the valve device. The triggering section can control the delivery of the fluid into the inflatable packer section. The triggering section also includes a communicator that signals a triggering device for initiating the expanding of the inflatable packer section.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a hydraulic actuated pump system which lifts production fluids and re-circulating hydraulic fluid from a petroleum well. Additives may be added to the hydraulic fluid to apply direct chemical treatment to the production formation. A sonic stimulator may be included to stimulate and produce the same liquids from the horizontal section of the well.

Abstract: Controlling a well injection operation, such as a well fracturing operation, includes identifying a flow characteristic of a fracturing fluid, identifying a flow characteristic of a base fluid used for forming the fracturing fluid, determining an amount of friction reduction change of the fracturing fluid, and adjusting the amount of friction reduction of the fracturing fluid to coincide with a selected friction reduction amount. Identifying a flow characteristic may be performed by a rheology measuring device including a measurement tube, a first pressure sensor disposed at a first position on the measurement tube, a second pressure sensor disposed at a second position on the measurement tube, a flow meter disposed at a third position along the measurement tube, a temperature sensor disposed at a fourth location along the measurement tube, and a control unit interconnected to the first and second pressure sensors, the flow meter, and the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A method for determining fracture geometry of a subterranean formation from radiation emitted from a fracture in the formation, including measuring gamma-radiation emitted from the fracture; subtracting background radiation from the measured gamma-radiation to obtain a peak-energy measurement; comparing the peak-energy measurement with a gamma-ray transport/spectrometer response model; and determining formation fracture geometry of the fracture in accordance with values associated with the response model.

Abstract: A method of introducing friction reducing agents within a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation during a gravel packing operation is accomplished by providing a length of tubing located downhole within the wellbore for conducting fluids within the wellbore through the tubing during circulating of gravel packing fluids introduced from the surface within the wellbore. At least a portion of the tubing is surrounded by a screen for screening out particulate matter during the gravel packing operation. An annular space is defined between an interior of the screen and the exterior of the tubing. A friction reducing agent is dispensed from a dispensing apparatus that locates downhole with the tubing. The dispensing apparatus includes a housing and a chamber disposed within the housing that has one or more outlets that open into the annular space defined by the screen and tubing for dispensing the friction reducing agent.

Abstract: A modular wellbore treatment system having a reservoir for holding wellbore/reservoir treatment material, a pump for pressurizing and delivering the wellbore/reservoir treatment fluid, and a sealing section for creating a localized pressurized zone proximate to a region of a formation to be treated. The wellbore treatment fluid includes permeability modifiers, gel, acids, stimulation fluids, epoxy type substances, void fillers, gravel pack fixing compounds, brine, reactive fluids to water, oil, and gas, and alcohol.