Abstract: An exemplary radio-based navigation system uses a small multimode direction-finding antenna and a direction-finding receiver capable of determining platform position, velocity, attitude, and time while simultaneously providing protection against narrowband and broadband sources of interference. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals such as those from the Global Positioning System (GPS) provide attitude measurements with a compact multimode direction-finding antenna (e.g., a small two-arm spiral with improved angle-of-arrival performance over the entire hemisphere enhanced through the use of a conductive vertical extension of the antenna ground plane about the antenna perimeter and/or conductive posts placed evenly around the antenna perimeter) which provides simultaneous protection against jammers. The multimode spiral may be treated as an array of rotationally-symmetric antenna elements.

Abstract: A method for searching satellites in a cold start state. The method of the present invention, a first satellite, which is predetermined or randomly selected, is searched. Then, a second satellite to be searched is selected according to the searching result (hit or missed) for the first satellite and respective interrelationships between the first satellite and the other satellites. In practice, an initial weight factor table is provided. Depending on the searching result, the initial weight factor table is updated according to the interrelationships between the satellites during searching. By using the method of the present invention, the time-to-first-fix (TTFF) can be reduced to a shorter period of time so as to provide a rapid cold start satellite positioning.

Abstract: In the first positioning, a positioning process that calculates the present position based on acquired GPS satellite signals (step A3) is performed a plurality of times. A number of times that the difference (position difference) ?P between the calculated present located position and the preceding located position is successively equal to or less than a given value is counted using a position counter, and a number of times that the difference (time difference) ?T between the present time error and the preceding time error is successively equal to or less than a given value is counted using a time counter each time the positioning process is performed (step A5). A position threshold value and a time threshold value are determined by changing a reference threshold value by an amount corresponding to an APR average value (step A7).

Abstract: There is disclosed a system for identifying a source location of an electromagnetic signal having a known waveform. Radio receiving equipment located at three of more monitoring stations receives and demodulates a radio frequency signal from a common source. A time stamp generator applies a time stamp to each block of N digital data samples derived from the received radio frequency signal at each monitoring station. A GPS timing signal can be used to synchronize the time stamp generator in each monitoring station. Further, replica generating hardware and/or software at each monitoring station periodically synchronously generates a replica waveform. An autocorrelation processor at each monitoring station determines a time offset between an occurrence of the known waveform in the signal, and an occurrence of the replica waveform at each monitoring station.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a shorted monopole antenna. The antenna includes a ground plane, a main radiating element, a shorting element, a metal plate, and a coaxial cable. The ground plane includes a signal grounding point. The main radiating element is located above the ground plane and bent at least once, and includes a signal feeding point. One end of the shorting element is connected to one of the short edges of the ground plane, and the other end is connected to one edge portion of the main radiating element. The metal plate includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor, which are connected to the signal feeding point and the signal grounding point respectively. The antenna invented has good impedance bandwidth and radiation characteristics, can easily be installed inside the housing of an electronic device, and is well suitable for applications in wireless communications devices.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a direct feeding type patch antenna. The direct feeding type patch antenna according to the present invention comprises: a feed element 110 having direct feeding points 118 formed radially in opposite perpendicular directions to one another from a feeding central portion 120; four direct feeding cylindrical pillars 130 electrically connected at one ends thereof to the direct feeding points 118; and a radiation patch 140 disposed opposite to the feed element 110 and electrically connected to the other ends of the direct feeding cylindrical pillars 130, for allowing an electrical signal to be directly fed thereto. The direct feeding type patch antenna further comprises a coupler made of a ceramic material. According to the present invention, it is possible to implement a patch antenna which has a high gain and an improved axial ratio bandwidth, and is small-sized.

Abstract: A patch antenna includes a ground plane on a surface of a substrate. Patch radiators are formed on another surface of the substrate. Each patch radiator includes tuning slots extending from an edge of the patch radiator toward an interior section such that the slot is separate from a feed point of the patch radiator. In some embodiments, the patch antenna includes a feed-through conductor disposed through the ground plane and substrate and coupled to the patch radiator. In some embodiments the patch antenna with the feed-through conductor is a razor patch antenna. An antenna system includes a patch antenna and a transceiver board, which includes a substrate and a ground plane on the substrate. A second feed-through conductor runs through the ground plane and transceiver substrate to connect to a transceiver device. The transceiver board and patch antenna are abutted such that the first and second feed-through conductors connect.

Abstract: An antenna for electromagnetic compatibility testing, that includes an upper plate and a lower plate having parallel longitudinal axes, maintained at a distance from each other, and mechanically connected to each other at each of their longitudinal ends by longitudinal plates. The upper and lower plates and longitudinal plates define a space. The upper and lower plates and the longitudinal plates are mounted so as to be capable of movement relative to each other to define a space having dimensions that can be modified, wherein the distance between the lower and upper plates can be modified and/or the length of the lower and upper plates can be modified.

Abstract: An apparatus including an antenna element; a metal part; a ground; and a filter connected between the metal part and the ground that has a frequency dependent impedance.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device may be provided that contains wireless communications circuitry. The handheld electronic device may have a housing and a display. The display may be attached to the housing a conductive bezel. The handheld electronic device may have one or more antennas for supporting wireless communications. A ground plane in the handheld electronic device may serve as ground for one or more of the antennas. The ground plane and bezel may define a opening. A rectangular slot antenna or other suitable slot antenna may be formed from or within the opening. One or more antenna resonating elements may be formed above the slot. An electrical switch that bridges the slot may be used to modify the perimeter of the slot so as to tune the communications bands of the handheld electronic device.

Abstract: Circuits detect communications from multiple transmitting antennas to multiple receiving antennas. A respective first block for each non-initial transmitting antenna determines partial distances for pairings of a first candidate and a quadrature-phase amplitude. A respective second block for the initial transmitting antenna determines partial distances for combinations of phase amplitudes. A respective second block for each non-initial transmitting antenna determines partial distances for pairings of a second candidate and an in-phase amplitude. A respective first selector for each non-initial transmitting antenna selects the first candidates from the pairings for the respective second block having smaller partial distances. A respective second selector for each non-initial transmitting antenna selects the second candidates from the pairings for the respective first block having smaller partial distances.

Abstract: The vehicle roof mount antenna to be detachably mounted on a vehicle roof is mainly constituted by an antenna cover 1, an antenna base 2, a boss 3, a pad 4, an annular rib 5, and an annular groove portion 6. The pad 4 has a boss hole 7 through which the boss 3 penetrates and is disposed between the antenna base 2 and the vehicle roof R. The annular rib 5, which is made of an elastic material, is provided on the vehicle roof R side surface of the pad 4. When the vehicle roof mount antenna is fixed to the vehicle roof R, the annular rib 5 is inclined from the boss hole 7 toward a periphery of the pad 4. The annular groove portion 6 is provided at a position where the pressing force of the annular rib 5 against the vehicle roof R can be reduced.

Abstract: An antenna (1, 41) for an RFID transponder (20), comprises a first antenna arm (2, 42), a second antenna arm (3, 43), and a dc-loop structure (14) electrically connected to the first antenna arm (2, 42) at a first connection (15) and to the second antenna arm (3, 43) at a second connection (16). The first antenna arm (2, 42) comprises a first open end (7) and a first terminal end (8) to be connected to an electronic circuit (21) of an RFID transponder (20) and the second antenna arm (3, 43) comprises a second open end (12) and a second terminal end (13) to be connected to the electronic circuit (21).

Abstract: A balun, generally including a substrate, a microstrip conductor, and a parallel strip conductor is described, where a characteristic impedance of the balun is substantially constant at each cross-sectional point along a length of the balun. A transverse electromagnetic horn antenna can transmit and receive ultra-wide band pulses, and includes a first metal conductor and a second metal conductor, where a characteristic impedance of the first and second conductor varies over a length of the antenna in a controlled means.

Abstract: Provided are a dipole tag antenna using an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) for wireless identification and a wireless identification system using the dipole tag antenna. The dipole tag antenna includes: a substrate formed of a first dielectric material; a conductive ground layer formed underneath the substrate; an AMC layer formed on the substrate; the dipole tag antenna mounted on the AMC layer and comprising a wireless identification chip; and the AMC directly mounted on a conductor.

Abstract: An antenna system for a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag in one embodiment includes a base portion; at least one angled portion oriented to have a tangential angle of between about 1 degree and about 179 degrees from a plane of the base portion; and an antenna trace on the at least one angled portion. An antenna system for an RFID tag in another embodiment includes a base portion; at least one angled portion having at least two sections each oriented to have a tangential angle of between about 1 degree and about 179 degrees from a plane of the base portion, the two sections having different overall angles relative to the base portion; and an antenna trace on the at least one angled portion. Additional systems and methods are presented.

Abstract: An improved dipole-shaped radiator arrangement is characterized by the following features: a base is disconnected from ground or a ground surface with respect to direct current, or is capacitively coupled to a ground surface; a first dipole or radiator half is electro-galvanically or capacitively fed by a conductor; a second dipole or radiator half is fed via a further feed line in the form of an inner conductor feed; the one end of the first inner conductor section is electrically connected to a matching network; the other end of the third inner conductor section is connected to ground or to the ground surface with respect to direct current.

Abstract: A phased array antenna includes a substrate and an array of antenna unit cells formed on the substrate. Each antenna unit cell comprises first and second sets of coupled dipole antenna elements that are orthogonal to each other and provide dual polarization. A member is positioned at each antenna unit cell between each of the dipole antenna elements in each polarization to eliminate scan blindness without reducing broadside (non-scanned) array gain.

Abstract: An antenna having two beams low in correlation and effective for MIMO is provided. The antenna includes a first array antenna and a second array antenna. The first array antenna and the second array antenna have directivities different in direction, respectively. A maximum radiation direction of a combined beam from the first array antenna is oriented to a direction of ?1. A maximum radiation direction of a combined beam from the second array antenna is oriented to a direction of ?2 corresponding to a null point of the combined beam from the first array antenna.

Abstract: A quad-band antenna device (10) for a portable radio communication device comprises two radiating elements (12, 14) of different lengths and two common conductors (18, 20) of different lengths. One of the common conductors can be selectively connected in and out with respect to radio frequency signals in order to adjust the total electrical length of the antenna device, thereby making it operable in four different frequency bands.

Abstract: A loop antenna for communication is provided, which includes a microwave substrate, being a hexahedron; a first conductive layer, disposed on an upper surface of the substrate for forming a first loop; a second conductive layer, disposed on a first side surface of the substrate, and electrically connected to a feed-in point and a ground point; and a third conductive layer, disposed on a lower surface of the substrate for forming a second loop. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are electrically connected at the junction between the upper surface and the first side surface, and the second conductive layer and the third conductive layer are electrically connected at the junction between the first side surface and the lower surface. The antenna also has an appropriate bandwidth for wireless communication application.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device, such as a mobile terminal, PDA, media player or the like, includes a plurality of displays including at least one display moveable to variably overlap at least one other of the plurality of displays. A position sensor circuit is operatively associated with the at least one moveable display and is configured to detect movement thereof. A display controller circuit is configured to control respective images displayed on the plurality of the displays responsive to the position sensor circuit.

Abstract: A display has a light source, a spatial light modulator and an intermediate spatial light modulator. The display may be a front projection display or a rear-projection display. The spatial light modulator is illuminated with light from a light source. The intermediate spatial light modulator is located in a light path between the light source and the spatial light modulator. The light source may comprise an array of controllable light-emitters. The display may provide a high dynamic range.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment of the disclosure, an image display system includes an image supply device and one or more image display devices. Each of the image display devices includes a display section configured to display a first identification image to identify each of the image display devices. The image supply device includes a device determination/selection section. The device determination/selection section is configured to display one or more second identification images on a second display section. The second identification images have a correspondence with the first identification images and identify the image display devices. The image supply device receives selection, based at least on the second identification images, of at least one of the image display devices as a destination image display device. The image supply device supplies the image to the selected destination image display device.

Abstract: Provided herein is an electronic POP apparatus having: a price tag apparatus mounting unit on which an electronic price tag apparatus is detachably mounted, the electronic price tag apparatus receiving display control data that controls to display a retail price of an item and an additional information to be added to the retail price from an external apparatus and displaying the retail price; an interface unit that communicates with the electronic price tag apparatus; an additional information display unit displaying the additional information; and an additional information display control unit that displays the additional information on the additional information display unit based on the display control data obtained via the interface unit.

Abstract: A method, computer-readable medium and apparatus are described for providing a user interface control for use with a manipulable object, such as a weapon. As the object is moved, images from a video camera are projected into a heads-up display. A user of the object may activate a user interface control by pressing a button on the object, causing an image of a user interface control to be projected into the heads-up display. Movement of the object may cause a cursor to be moved across the heads-up display, allowing the user to select user interface features without removing hands from the object. Pressing a button may cause a mouse click command to be generated, allowing the user to type or perform other functions.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for improving the wear comfort of a head-mounted display device. Cushions mounted on a head mounting band have surfaces that make contact with the user's head. The area of the contact surface of the cushion on the side whereupon a display unit is mounted is formed to be larger than the area of the contact surface of the other cushion.

Abstract: An apparatus for interfacing with a display screen is provided. The apparatus includes a frame. The frame includes (a) a pair of shutter lenses, (b) a light coupled to the frame; and (b) a circuit integrated with the frame to control the pair of shutter lenses and control the light coupled to the frame. The circuit is configured to communicate with a display device to enable synchronization of the shutter lenses and the display device. The light is analyzed to determine position of the frame relative to the display device, and the position is used to cause an adjustment in display output when viewed from the perspective of the position of the frame.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an image display device including a display section formed by arranging pixel circuits in a matrix form. Each pixel circuit includes at least a light emitting element, a drive transistor, a holding capacitor, and a write transistor. A light emission and non-light emission periods are alternately repeated. A light emission period start voltage and a non-light emission period start voltage are alternately output to the signal line. The terminal voltage of the holding capacitor is set to start the light emission and non-light emission periods. The write signal is set to sequentially delay the timings. The power drive signal is set in units of a plurality of successive lines. The drain voltage of the drive transistor is pulled up to high level at a time other than when the one of the terminals is connected to the signal line by the write signal in different lines.

Abstract: An electron source has a plurality of electron-emitting devices, a plurality of scanning wirings and a plurality of modulation wirings which connect the plurality of electron-emitting devices into a matrix pattern, a scanning wiring connecting electrode which connects the electron-emitting device and the scanning wiring, a modulation wiring connecting electrode which connects the electron-emitting device and the modulation wiring, and a bypass wiring which is insulated from the scanning wiring and the modulation wiring and is arranged in parallel with the scanning wiring or the modulation wiring. The connecting electrode of any one of the scanning wiring connecting electrode and the modulation wiring connecting electrode, which is closer to the bypass wiring, has an overcurrent suppressing portion which suppresses flowing of a certain or more electric current to the connecting electrode.

Abstract: The plasma display panel of the present invention is a PDP in consideration of environmental problem, capable of achieving a high reliability in high definition display, and further advanced in yield and productivity. The plasma display panel of the present invention is a plasma display panel manufactured by disposing a pair of substrates face to face having a dielectric layer at least at one side, and sealing the surrounding with a sealing member, in which the expansion coefficient of the pair of substrates is 60×10?7 to 75×10?7/° C., and the expansion coefficient of the sealing member is 45×10?7 to 63×10?7/° C.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) is disclosed. In one embodiment, the PDP includes: i) first and second substrates facing each other, ii) a plurality of first barrier ribs formed between the first and second substrates and configured to define a plurality of discharge cells and iii) a plurality of second barrier ribs dividing each of the discharge cells into a first sub-discharge cell and a second sub-discharge cell, wherein a phosphor layer is formed in the first sub-discharge cells and is not formed in the second sub-discharge cells. According to one embodiment, the PDP has high driving efficiency obtained by improving an address voltage margin, and high image quality obtained by removing noise brightness caused by discharge light resulting from an address discharge, and is suitable for an image display with high efficiency and high resolution.

Abstract: A method for adjusting the intensity values of colored pixels wherein each pixel has a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel, wherein each of the subpixels emits light of a different color and the lifetime of the first subpixel is lower than the lifetimes of the other colored subpixels, comprising: for each pixel, receiving intensity values corresponding to the intensity of each color subpixel in each pixel; and lowering the intensity value of the first subpixel in each pixel and still providing an acceptable pixel color to an observer.

Abstract: A display for generating changing or still images is shown and described. The display includes a plurality of display light emitting diodes (LEDs), each display LED generating light at an intensity related to current applied thereto. The display further includes a circuit which controls the current applied to each display LED to generate at least a portion of an image on the display, wherein the current is changed to change the portion of the image. The display yet further includes at least one reference LED coupled to the circuit, wherein the circuit applies a current to the reference LED dependent upon the current applied to at least one display LED, the circuit periodically applying a reference current to the reference LED.

Abstract: A light source panel according to an embodiment includes a plurality of light-emitting parts having a plurality of light-emitting substances to be divided into a predetermined number of partial areas. A light source driving part provides each of the light-emitting substances with a current. An adaptive dimming control part receives an image signal from an external device and sets the light-emitting parts into a first dimming block corresponding to a first color class of the first image signal or a second dimming block corresponding to a second color class of the first image signal to control the backlight assembly, in order to prevent color artifacts from being generated at a boundary area between the first dimming block and the second dimming block, the adaptive dimming control part controlling the backlight assembly, so that the first dimming block performs a second dimming operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for arranging light emitting diode (LED) modules, a data converting method for displaying a moving picture by using the LED modules and a data converting apparatus therefor. The apparatus includes: a data storage module for storing the moving picture and the image data; and a data conversion module for converting the moving picture into images according to frames, arranging the plurality of LED modules by matching the plurality of LED modules to the image according to each frame, determining locations of the plurality of LED modules, extracting color coordinates of each central point of regions in which the plurality of LED modules have been arranged from the image according to each frame, and generating color coordinates according to the locations as the image data.

Abstract: A pixel unit and driving method thereof are disclosed. The pixel unit includes a switch, a storage element and a first multiplexer. The switch develops a charge transfer path according to a scan signal associated with a scan line. The storage element has a first electrode coupled to the switch and a second electrode coupled to a reference voltage for receiving a pixel voltage via the charge transfer path. The first multiplexer is coupled to the second electrode of the storage element for selectively providing the reference voltage with a default value and the reference voltage with a determined value to the second electrode of the storage element according to a modulating signal. The driving method enlarges the voltage range of the first electrode of the storage element for enhancing the contrast ratio of the display panel.

Abstract: The invention relates to controlling the brightness control signal for a pixel of a liquid crystal display. According to the invention, a method of controlling the brightness control signal for a first pixel of a liquid crystal display for displaying a predetermined image is provided, comprising the following steps: determining the intended brightness of the first pixel according to the predetermined image, determining the brightness of a second pixel, and calculating the brightness control signal for the first pixel on the basis of a function of the intended brightness of the first pixel and the brightness of the second pixel, wherein the function is a predetermined correction function according to which the influence of the brightness of the second pixel on the brightness of the first pixel due to fringe field effects between the first pixel and the second pixel is corrected. This method provides for the advantage that a more realistic image can be displayed.

Abstract: A LCD unit includes a drive unit that drives a LC layer in at least a part of a unit pixel by applying thereto a longitudinal electric field. The drive unit drives the at least a part of the unit pixel in an image period by applying thereto an image voltage corresponding to an image, and in a preliminary period preceding to the image period by applying a preliminary voltage equal to or higher than a threshold voltage that allows LC molecules in the LC layer to start change of orientation of the LC molecules.

Abstract: In a multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal display wherein a pixel that has two sub-pixels, an additional switching element is used to achieve a voltage differential between the electrode voltage potential in one sub-pixel and the other during and after the charge-sharing period. The electrodes in the sub-pixels are connected to each other through a charge-sharing capacitor and a controlling switching element, such as another transistor. Before the charge-sharing period, the controlling switching element is operated in a non-conducting state and the voltage potentials of the sub-pixel electrodes are substantially equal. During the charge-sharing period, the controlling switching element is operated in a conducting state to facilitate charge-sharing. The additional switching element is used to achieve the voltage differential more effectively and without additional capacitors.

Abstract: In a driving method for a liquid crystal panel, overdriving pixel data is obtained either independently of the FRC pixel data or depending on a difference between the FRC pixel data and previous FRC pixel data.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel that displays an image in response to a data voltage, a data driving unit that outputs the data voltage in response to a driving signal, and a printed circuit board that outputs the driving signal and that has a static electricity discharge circuit. The discharge circuit discharges high-voltage static electricity, which is introduced into the data driving unit, to ground. Accordingly, the display apparatus prevents the data driving unit from being damaged by the high-voltage static electricity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (“LCD”) includes: a liquid crystal panel, a timing controller which receives previous image data and current image data, corrects or does not correct the current image data according to a reference bit of conversion image data generated using the previous image data, and outputs a display image signal to the liquid crystal panel, and a data driver which receives the display image signal and applies a data voltage corresponding to the display image signal to the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A shift register includes multiple stages each generating a scan signal at an output terminal and including a level pull-up circuit, a level pull-down circuit, a driving circuit and a level controlling circuit. The level pull-up circuit makes the scan signal equal a first clock signal in response to an enabled level of a first control signal. The level pull-down circuit makes the scan signal equal a first voltage in response to an enabled level of a second control signal. The driving circuit controls the first control signal to be the enabled level and a disabled level in response to an enabled level of an input signal and the enabled level of the second control signal, respectively. The level controlling circuit controls the second control signal to be the disabled level and the enabled level in response to the enabled level and the disabled level of the input signal, respectively.

Abstract: Elements of the present invention relate to systems and methods for compensating an image for backlight color variation. Some embodiments comprise compensation for color variation in RGB backlights when backlight color channels use differing gain functions.

Abstract: It is presented a method for controlling a light level of light emitting diodes, LEDs, comprised in a light sensor segment comprising a light sensor and a plurality of LEDs, the method comprising the steps of: turning on all LEDs in an LED segment, comprising at least one of the plurality of LEDs, detecting a light level associated with the LED segment, by detecting a light level using the light sensor, repeating the steps of turning on all LEDs in an LED segment and detecting a light level, until all of the plurality of LEDs are turned on, and for each LED of the plurality of LEDs, controlling a light intensity of the each LED of the plurality of LEDs, the intensity control depending on the detected light level associated with an LED segment containing the each LED of the plurality of LEDs. A corresponding light sensor array, backlight for a display system and liquid crystal display are also presented.

Abstract: An interactive method and system include at least one detector (210) configured to detect glazes of at least one viewer (250) looking at items (230, 232, 234). A processor (130) is configured to calculate gaze durations, such as cumulative gaze durations per item of the items, identify the most looked at item(s) in accordance with the cumulative gaze durations, and provide information related to the most looked at items. A display device (240) displays the information, a list of the most looked at items, representations of the most looked at items, and/or audio/visual show related to at least one item of the most looked at items. At least one item (290) and/or item representation may be displayed more prominently than others ones of the most looked at items and/or item representations.

Abstract: An image display device easily displays a stereoscopically two-dimensional image, improving its direction effect and interactivity. A first display displays a first image on a first screen. An image transmission element in a light path for a display light component of the first image transmits the display light component of the first image, displaying a real image of the first image on an image forming surface positioned at a distance on a side opposite the first screen as a stray image. A second display displays a second image on a second screen as a directly visible image so the stray image is observable from an observation position. A position detecting element outputs a position signal corresponding to detected object position. A control element controls the first or second display according to the output position signal so the stray and/or directly visible image changes correspondingly with the position of the object.

Abstract: An approach provides controlling of display orientation in a mobile device. Motion of a mobile device having a plurality of displays is detected, wherein each of the displays is configured to present an image. Orientation of one or more of the images is changed on the displays in response to the detected motion.

Abstract: Touch-sensitive control systems and methods are provided. The touch-sensitive control system includes a touch interface and a sensor. The touch interface includes a first zone and a second zone having an icon corresponding to a function. The sensor is disposed under the touch interface for detecting contacts on the physical interface. When a contact on the icon of the second zone is detected by the sensor, the corresponding function is activated. When a movement on the first zone is detected by the sensor, an operation corresponding to the function is performed according to the movement.