Abstract: A boat cover support for elevating a boat cover that includes a telescoping pole having a first end and a second end, a cap at the first end of the telescoping pole, and an adjustable tripod base at the second end of the telescoping pole.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a latching arrangement for securing a cushion or other structure to a mounting location. The latching arrangement includes a female latching element that interlocks with a corresponding male latching element. The female latching element can include a split sleeve that extends along a first axis from a first end to a second end. The female latching element can also include a flange that projects radially outwardly from the first end of the split sleeve. The female latching element can further including an elastic ring that mounts around the split sleeve at a location between the first and second ends of the split sleeve. The male latching element can include a shaft that extends along a second axis from a first end to a second end.

Abstract: A convertible seating arrangement for a boat including a passenger area having a peripheral region and an interior region. The convertible seating arrangement includes a bench seating portion positioned at the peripheral region of the passenger area, a seating element, and a pivot mount for allowing the seating element to be pivoted relative to the bench seating portion between a first position and a second position. When the seating element is in the first position, the seating element is positioned adjacent to the bench seating portion and is located at the peripheral region of the passenger area. When the seating element is in the second position, the seating element is positioned adjacent to the bench seating portion and is located at the interior region of the passenger area.

Abstract: A convertible seating arrangement for a sundeck of a boat includes a seating element that is pivotally moveable between a stowed configuration and a seating configuration. The seating element provides a backrest and, in part, forms a seat when in the seating configuration. The seating element lies flush with the sundeck when in the stowed configuration. A sitting surface is positioned under and hidden by the seating element when the seating element is in the stowed configuration. The sitting surface is exposed and, in part, forms the seat when the seating element is moved to the seating configuration.

Abstract: A single crystal of semiconductor material is produced by a method of melting semiconductor material granules by means of a first induction heating coil on a dish with a run-off tube consisting of the semiconductor material, forming a melt of molten granules which extends from the run-off tube in the form of a melt neck and a melt waist to a phase boundary, delivering heat to the melt by means of a second induction heating coil which has an opening through which the melt neck passes, crystallizing the melt at the phase boundary, and delivering a cooling gas to the run-off tube and to the melt neck in order to control the axial position of an interface between the run-off tube and the melt neck.

Abstract: A multiple crucible crystal growing system using a temperature gradient method is disclosed. The system comprises a crystal furnace, a plurality of crucibles, and an elevating device, wherein the furnace includes a furnace body, a heater, and a hearth, wherein the furnace body from outer to inner includes an outer shell, a fiber insulation layer, an insulation brick layer, and a refractory layer. The height of the refractory layer is ?-? of the height of the hearth, and the heater is located at ¼-½ of the height of the hearth. The hearth is in rectangular shape and able to hold multiple crucibles to grow crystals simultaneously. The present invention ensures doping concentration and uniformity. Therefore, it can be widely applied in the area of crystal growth.

Abstract: This invention provides a floating zone melting apparatus of an infrared intensive heating system in which a temperature gradient in the circumferential direction of a sample in a molten part is small, a temperature gradient in the vertical direction thereof is steep, a satisfactorily high maximum achieving temperature can be realized, and a stable molten state can be achieved. In a floating zone melting apparatus of a four elliptical mirror type comprising a rotary ellipsoidal reflecting mirror 2 disposed opposite to each other on an orthogonal axis, the eccentricity of the rotary ellipsoidal reflecting mirror 2 is in the range of 0.4 to 0.65, and the ratio of a depth of the rotary ellipsoidal reflecting mirror 2 to a diameter of an opening in the rotary ellipsoidal reflecting mirror 2 is in the range of 0.38 to 0.75. Moreover, a glass mirror is used as the rotary ellipsoidal reflecting mirror 2.

Abstract: Uniform portions of fine powders are deposited on a substrate by electrostatic attraction in which the charge of the electric field and polarity of the charged particles are varied repeatedly to form a buildup of powder on the carrier surface.

Abstract: Techniques for positioning the nano-materials onto one or more targets are provided. In some embodiments, a device for positioning the nano-materials onto one or more targets may comprise a delivery line for delivering a gas from a gas supply, an applicator coupled to the delivery line and having a tip for ejecting the gas, the tip being adjustable so as to be oriented at a predetermined ejection angle with respect to said one or more targets, and an actuator coupled to the applicator for driving the applicator to move over said one or more targets and change the orientation of the tip.

Abstract: A vapor deposition reactor includes a reaction module includes a first injection unit for injecting a first material onto a substrate. At least one second injection unit is placed within the first injection unit for injecting a second material onto the substrate. The substrate passes the reaction module through a relative motion between the substrate and the reaction module. The vapor deposition reactor advantageously injects a plurality of materials onto the substrate while the substrate passes the reaction module without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere in a chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vacuum processing apparatus in which a conducive partition having a plurality of through holes is formed inside a vacuum processing vessel, and an internal space of the vacuum processing vessel is partitioned into a plasma generating space in which a high-frequency electrode is installed to function as a counter electrode with respect to the partition, and a substrate processing space in which a substrate is set. This vacuum processing apparatus includes a gas reservoir formed on a sidewall of the vacuum processing vessel and communicating with the plasma generating space, and a gas supply system connected to the gas reservoir to supply a gas to the gas reservoir.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes a vacuum processing vessel, a partition which is made of a conductive material, and partitions the interior of the vacuum processing vessel into a first space for generating a plasma, and a second space for processing a substrate by the plasma, a high-frequency electrode for plasma generation installed in the first space, and a substrate holding mechanism which is installed in the second space and holds the substrate. The partition has a plurality of through holes which allow the first and second spaces to communicate with each other. The through holes are covered with a covering material having a recombination coefficient higher than that of the conductive material.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a gas distribution showerhead and a shadow frame for an apparatus. By extending the corners of the gas distribution showerhead the electrode area may be expanded relative to the anode and thus, uniform film properties may be obtained. Additionally, the expanded corners of the gas distribution showerhead may have gas passages extending therethrough. In one embodiment, hollow cathode cavities may be present on the bottom surface of the showerhead without permitting gas to pass therethrough. The shadow frame in the apparatus may also have its corner areas extended out to enlarge the anode in the corner areas of the substrate being processed and thus, may lead to deposition of a material on the substrate having substantially uniform properties.

Abstract: A plasma reactor includes a plasma generator configured to spray plasma, and an injector located adjacent to the plasma generator and configured to inject a precursor to the plasma sprayed from the plasma injector. The injector includes a platform having an opening, at least one injection hole formed in the platform to inject the precursor to the opening, and a channel formed in the platform to connect with the at least one injection hole to carry the precursor. The plasma reactor may allow supply of the plasma together with the precursor. In case corona plasma is used where a vacuum state is not needed, a wider process window may be ensured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reaction chamber (1) for an epitaxial reactor, provided with walls delimiting an inner cavity (10), specifically a lower wall (3) and an upper wall (2) and at least two side walls (4,5); the lower wall (3) and the upper wall (2) have different configurations and/or are made of different materials; this allows the lower wall (3) to be heated to a higher temperature than the upper wall (2). The present invention also relates to a method for heating a reaction chamber.

Abstract: There is provided a vacuum vapor processing apparatus which is capable of adjusting the amount of supply of metal atoms to an object to be processed and which has a simple construction. The vacuum vapor processing apparatus is provided with: a vacuum chamber (12) capable of keeping inside thereof at a predetermined pressure; a processing vessel (2) and an evaporating vessel (3), both being disposed in the vacuum chamber at a distance from, and in communication with, each other; and heating means (6a, 6b) capable of heating the processing vessel and the evaporating vessel in a state in which the object to be processed is disposed in the processing vessel (S) and in which metal evaporating material (V) is disposed in the evaporating vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for depositing especially crystalline layers on an especially crystalline substrate, comprising a high-frequency heated substrate support from a conductive material on which the substrate is two-dimensionally supported, and which comprises a zone of higher conductivity. The system is specifically characterized in that the higher conductivity zone is associated with the surface of support of the substrate and substantially corresponds to the area occupied by the substrate. Further, the zone on which the substrate rests heats up more than the substrate surface surrounding the substrate.

Abstract: An anti-bacterial wet-wipe, reversible to scented plastic poop bag. Utilized to clean, sanitize, and collect and contain animal waste. Especially for wiping canine buttocks, but not limited to, and fur from feces after defecation in order to prevent insect bites that cause disease by way of bacteria. Wiping, picking up and securing of fecal matter of animal are made easy. Two unique layers; an anti-bacterial wet wipe and a water-repellent scented, odor eliminating plastic layer, defined by a hollow material for the insertion for the hand and thumb placement. Outer layer of medicated or natural (anti-bacterial) solution made of cotton material, but not limited to. At the edge of the inner plastic layer, an adhesive tape/strip that secures fecal matter (animal waste) inside before disposal.

Abstract: An easy hatch aquarium, methods for using the same, and methods for distributing marine life eggs are disclosed. An easy hatch aquarium can be sold along with information allowing the purchaser to subsequently order delivery of marine life. An exemplary aquarium includes a main compartment, a hatching compartment for hatching marine life eggs, and a magnification element magnifying contents of the hatching compartment.

Abstract: A modular bird cage includes a plurality of support posts located at the corners of the cage. The support posts are made up of an internal column and an external post surrounding the internal column. The internal column is internally threaded to rigidly connect a base portion and an upper portion of the bird cage. The internally threaded column engages a vertically extending threaded stud extending from the base portion. Two perpendicular, radially extending lugs are mounted on the base portion spaced from the stud. The internally threaded column, when fully engaged with the externally threaded stud, abuts against the two radially projecting lugs, filling the space between the stud and the lugs. A hollow external post is passed over the column and includes two perpendicularly located arched openings which engage the two lugs mounted on the base portion.

Abstract: A small animal habitat having a base and removable hood composed of a plurality of lune-shaped hood sections that are movable with respect to one another enabling them to be nested one above another so that the front and/or back of the hood may be opened. Hubs that connect the hood sections together and mount the hood to the base also define passages for the animal in and out of habitat and provide access to other habitat components.

Abstract: A device designed to manage pet companship by providing for a detachable leash for pet collars that is counterweighted to remain at spine of animal with a fabric leash that can either hang free for accessbility or be secured to device, said device having a transparent tense for personalization and security information, as well as screw mechanism for uniquely secure attachment to pet collar.

Abstract: A dog leash utilizing a coil of durable material such as polyurethane which contracts and expands according to the distance of the dog from the holder of the leash. This feature minimizes instances of the dog's legs becoming tangled in the leash or the leash dragging on the ground. The coil also provides shock absorption as dog reaches the end of the leash's maximum length. The present invention also utilizes a sheath of fabric covering the coil, shielding the dog from direct contact with the bare coil which may cause irritation, and creates a soft and cushioned handle for the holder of the leash. The fabric also allows for decorative effects which would not be possible with a bare coil.

Abstract: The invention relates to an animal cover, particularly for use with a cow. The animal cover is adapted to be attached to an animal by fitting around the animal's neck at a first end and by attaching to the animal's tail via a tail ring attached to the cover. The position of the tail ring relative to the cover is adjustable so that the cover can be adjusted to suit animals of different sizes.

Abstract: The present invention is a system for generating a mixture of steam and combustion gas in a direct contact rotating steam generator, using high solids content water and without waste liquid discharge. The invention includes a longitudinally pressurized rotatable drum, being mounted at a slope and having an energy injection section, a steam producing section, a water injection section and a discharge section. The discharge section is placed at an opposite end of the steam producing section and opposite the water injection section. There is an inlet in the combustion section of the rotatable drum, an outlet at an end of the rotatable drum, an injector for water at the highest point of the rotatable drum. There is also a discharge located at an end opposite said end of the rotatable drum. There are also pluralities of chains hanging within the rotatable drum.

Abstract: A system and method for removing gases from an engine coolant system. In one embodiment, the system includes a fluid system that is operable to collects gas, and a gas collection system coupled to the fluid system. The system also includes a venturi pump system coupled to the fluid system and to the collection system, where the venturi pump system is operable to extract the gas from the fluid system via the collection system.

Abstract: A small and lightweight sound-proof generator exhibiting sufficient cooling effect. An inverter (19), an engine fan (32), a power generating body (33), an engine (34), a recoil fan (61), a recoil starter (63) are coaxially arranged sequentially from a first inlet port side. A first cooling air passage for cooling inverter (19), the power generating body (33), and the engine (34) with cooling air sucked by the engine fan (32) from the inlet port (21), and second and third cooling air passage for cooling a space surrounded by an inverter containing box (20), an engine fan cover (31), an engine cover (36) and a muffler cover (52) and a soundproof case with cooling air sucked by the recoil fan (61) from inlet ports (21b1) and (21b2) are formed. Cooling air passed through the first cooling air passage and cooling air passed through the second and the third cooling air passages are merged and discharged from an outlet port after cooling a muffler.

Abstract: The invention relates to a valve for controlling volumetric flows in a heating and/or cooling system of a motor vehicle, comprising a valve housing (10), from which at least one inlet channel (18) and at least one outlet channel (20, 22) branch, in addition to at least one disc-type valve body (28) for controlling the flow, said body being located in the valve housing (10) so that it can rotate about the axis (31) of a driven shaft (30). According to the invention, the valve comprises means for compensating an imbalance, said means ensuring a uniform distribution of mass about the rotational axis (31) of the valve body (28). The invention also relates to a heating and/or cooling circuit (110) of motor vehicle, comprising at least one coolant control valve (131) of this type.

Abstract: A nozzle is adapted to direct a jet of oil under pressure on an internal combustion engine. It has a variable outlet section, and it is provided with mechanical arrangement adapted to control its outlet section on the basis of the pressure of a fluid under pressure provided to this mechanical arrangement, independently of the oil going through the outlet of the nozzle. In the lubrication system an auxiliary line is provided with first proportional means controlling oil flow toward a nozzle. A control line connects a main line or the auxiliary line, upstream of the first proportional means, to a mechanical arrangement adapted to control the outlet section of the nozzle. The control line is provided with a second proportional arrangement controlling the pressure of oil delivered to the mechanical arrangement. The nozzle can be used as a piston cooling nozzle to direct oil toward a piston of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: When viewed from the upper face of a cylinder head in which an intake port communicating with a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is formed, a starting point of the port is defined as a point of intersection of the streamline of the intake port and an inlet-side opening plane of the intake port as projected on a horizontal plane, and an end point is defined as a point of intersection of the streamline of the port and the center axis of an intake valve as projected on the horizontal plane. The starting point is located closer to the center of the chamber than a straight line that contains the end point and extends in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the crankshaft on the plane, and the streamline of the port projected on the horizontal plane is curved toward the center of the chamber, with respect to a straight line that contains the starting point and extends in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the crankshaft on the plane.

Abstract: An apparatus for variable setting of control times of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine which has an outer and inner rotor rotatable relative to the former, with one component drive-connected to a crankshaft and the other drive-connected to a camshaft. The apparatus has at least one pressure space, which are each divided into two pressure chambers acting counter to one another. The apparatus has a plurality of pressure medium channels, via which pressure medium is fed to or led away from the pressure chambers. Additionally, the apparatus has a plurality of rotational-angle limitation devices assuming an unlocked and locked state. The locking states are set by the supply of pressure medium to or discharge of pressure medium from the respective rotational-angle limitation apparatus. Furthermore, a method for controlling an apparatus for variable setting of control times of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine is disclosed.

Abstract: An idling-time target phase setting unit (130) variably sets a target phase based on a target idle speed that is set by a target idle speed setting unit. (110) Especially, when the target idle speed is lower than a predetermined rotational speed and operating noise of a variable valve timing mechanism (2000) is easily heard by, for example, a driver, the.idling-time? target phase setting unit (130) sets the target phase so that a range, in which the valve phase is allowed to change, is restricted within a phase region where a speed reduction ratio is high and the operating noise is relatively low.

Abstract: A method for determining a scanning ratio for a characteristic curve for the operation of an electromechanical valve for a camshaft adjuster in which an ambient temperature and a relative motion of a camshaft are determined at a reference point. In accordance with a specific ambient temperature and other operating conditions such as e.g., engine rpm, a holding scanning ratio is determined. Subsequently, at least one additional scanning ratio of an operating state is determined for a scanning ratio characteristic for the valve.

Abstract: A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine includes at least one rocker arm assembly for an internal combustion engine is disclosed comprising a rocker arm cradle, a rocker shaft, and a rocker arm. The cradle adds design flexibility since it can be mounted in different orientations based on functional requirements of the engine, yet good rocker arm operation is maintained. Also, the engine includes a cylinder head that contains an air cooling passage and an improved oil distribution system.

Abstract: A hydraulic support element for a switchable cam follower of a valve drive of an internal combustion engine, which has a pot-like housing with a bore, a pressure piston formed in one piece with an external casing and head projecting over an edge of the housing and a high pressure space for a hydraulic medium. The high pressure space is supplied, via a non-return valve from a first reservoir space, which is fed via first passages in the housing and pressure piston. A second reservoir space is formed in the pressure piston axially above the first reservoir space and is filled by second passages in the housing and pressure piston. From the second reservoir space a hydraulic medium is conducted to the cam follower via an opening in the head.

Abstract: An intake system is provided with an intake flow control valve (300) provided in an intake port (50) upstream of an intake valve (70). The intake flow control valve (300) may be switched between at least a first position (300A) and a second position (300B), in accordance with the operating state of an engine, by rotating a rotary shaft (360), which is supported by a rotary shaft support part (350). In the first position, the clearance between the valve element and the inner wall of the intake port is small. In the second position, the clearance between the valve element and the inner wall of the intake port is large.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine having several combustion chambers formed in in-line cylinders wherein an air/fuel mixture can be combusted and which include a common cylinder head, with discharge passages formed within the cylinder head and extending to a common confluence zone in communication with a discharge manifold, the common confluence zone is delimited on a first side (A) by at least one cylinder head wall and a separate shell element on a second side mounted to the outside of the cylinder head, the shell element being curved funnel-like for conducting the exhaust gas away from the engine.

Abstract: A cylinder head cover, a system, and a method are disclosed for sealing a cylinder head and isolating cylinder head vibrations from a cylinder head cover body. An example cylinder head cover may include a bottom carrier having a first end configured to be disposed in sealing engagement with a cylinder head. The bottom carrier may also have a second end. A cover body may be configured to provide a covering surface, and may have a side wall extending toward the cylinder head. A resilient joining element may connect the bottom carrier second end to an edge of the cover body side wall in sealing engagement.

Abstract: An oil cooler oil pump assembly for an internal combustion engine has an oil cooler and an oil pump configured to draw in oil from the oil pan and convey it to the oil cooler. The oil cooler is arranged on the exterior side of the oil pan. The oil pump is integrated into the oil pan, wherein oil pump and oil cooler are immediately or closely coupled to one another by a connecting pipe.

Abstract: An oil pan for an internal combustion engine has a casing having a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber that are separated from one another. A valve connects the first and second chambers with one another in an open position of the valve. The valve is switched temperature dependent, wherein the valve is closed at a temperature below a switching temperature. An outlet opening communicates with the first oil chamber. The first oil chamber has a first oil volume and the second oil chamber has a second oil volume, wherein the first oil volume is smaller than the second oil volume. The outlet opening is positioned in an exterior wall of the first oil chamber and provides a connecting opening for connecting an oil cooler to be connected to an exterior wall of the casing.

Abstract: An internal combustion system and a water injection nozzle to position a water mist within an internal chamber of an internal combustion engine. In one form, the apical cone of the injection is altered with respect to the position of the piston within the interior chamber. In another form, the air fuel mixture is charged at an opposing charge to the water mist to create a water droplet gaseous fuel mixture for combustion within the anterior chamber.

Abstract: A method for introducing fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is provided, in which fuel is injected at variable metering directly into the combustion chamber by a first fuel injector on the one hand, and into an air aspiration channel leading to the combustion chamber by a second fuel injector on the other hand. To ensure a reliable cold start of the internal combustion engine when using regenerative fuels even at low temperatures, in the cold start of the internal combustion engine a partial quantity of the required overall fuel quantity is injected via the second fuel injector, this partial quantity being the particular fuel quantity that exceeds a maximum fuel quantity able to be injected via the first fuel injector.

Abstract: An intake system for an internal combustion engine includes: an intake passage (50) through which the intake air is introduced into a combustion chamber (40); an intake manifold (100) that is attached to a cylinder head (30) and forms a part of the intake passage (50); an intake air control valve (200) that reduces the flow passage area of at least a part of the intake passage (50); a valve shaft (300) that supports one end portion (210) of the intake air control valve (200) in a manner such that the intake air control valve (200) is allowed to pivot about the valve shaft (300); and a guide rib (400) that protrudes from the intake manifold (100) toward the one end portion (210), and that minimizes the gap between the one end portion (210) and a portion of the wall surface of the intake passage (50), which is close to the valve shaft (300).

Abstract: Apparatus and method are disclosed for converting an internal combustion engine from a normal engine operation (20) to an engine braking operation (30). The engine has an exhaust valve train containing at least one exhaust valve (300a or 300) and an exhaust valve lifter (200). The apparatus has an actuation means (100) including a dedicated load supporting system and a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system is integrated into the exhaust valve train and has a hydraulic piston (160) that can slide between an inoperative position (0) and an operative position (1). In the inoperative position (0), the hydraulic piston (160) is retracted and separated from the dedicated load supporting system, and the actuation means (100) is disengaged from the at least one exhaust valve (300a or 300).

Abstract: During engine braking of a turbocharged internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas pressure increases and this is used to pressurise the seals between the turbocharger shaft and the bearing housing so as to prevent oil leakage into the compressor housing. Immediately after engine braking, stored exhaust gas pressure is used to pressurise the seals at the turbine end so as to prevent oil leakage into the turbine housing. In an alternative arrangement the exhaust gas is used to generate a reduced pressure in the bearing housing to increase the pressure gradient across the seals.

Abstract: An engine braking system includes a turbocharger having a turbine and a compressor. An exhaust manifold includes a first pipe for channeling a first portion of the engine exhaust and a second pipe for channeling a second portion of the engine exhaust. The first and second pipes are connected to an inlet of the turbine. A cross pipe, as part of an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) conduit, is open between the first and second pipes and at one end to the remaining portion of the EGR conduit. A valve can be arranged within the cross pipe and ca be operable in a first mode of operation to block flow between the first and second pipes and allow flow between the first pipe and the remaining portion of the EGR conduit and to allow flow between the first and second pipes and the inlet of the turbine. The valve is operable in a second mode of operation to allow flow between the first and second pipes, and to reduce or block flow between the second pipe and the turbine inlet.

Abstract: A variety of methods and arrangements for improving the fuel efficiency of internal combustion engines are described. Generally, an engine is controlled to operate in a skip fire variable displacement mode. Feedback control is used to dynamically determine the working cycles to be skipped to provide a desired engine output. In some embodiments a substantially optimized amount of air and fuel is delivered to the working chambers during active working cycles so that the fired working chambers can operate at efficiencies close to their optimal efficiency. In some embodiments, the appropriate firing pattern is determined at least in part using predictive adaptive control. By way of example, sigma delta controllers work well for this purpose. In some implementations, the feedback includes feedback indicative of at least one of actual and requested working cycle firings. In some embodiments, the appropriate firings are determined on a firing opportunity by firing opportunity basis.

Abstract: A method for operating a multi-cylinder spark-ignition direct-injection internal combustion engine responsive to a low load demand includes monitoring an engine state associated with combustion for each cylinder during each combustion cycle during low load operation, determining a combustion stability index for each cylinder based upon the monitored engine state associated with combustion for the respective cylinder, and individually adjusting an initiation of a spark discharge relative to an end of a fuel injection event for each cylinder based upon the combustion stability index determined for the respective cylinder.

Abstract: An engine ECU runs a program that detects the speed of an engine, a depression amount of an accelerator (ACC) and a vehicle speed, and determines that the vehicle being started from an idle state, if the ACC is more than an ACC threshold value or if the a time differential value (DACC) of the depression amount of the accelerator is more than a DACC threshold value. In addition, the program also detects an intake air temperature (TA), and if the TA is more than a TA threshold value, calculates an air flow guard from a map, which is defined to largely limit the amount of intake air as a KCS learning value is large to a retard side or as the TA is high.

Abstract: In a predetermined low-temperature startup state (in a rich atmosphere), in principle, over-advanced ignition control for advancing ignition timing beyond MBT and intake-synchronized injection control for causing the entire amount of to-be-injected fuel to undergo intake-synchronized injection are executed. Thus, the peak of intra-cylinder temperature increases, and the amount of port-adhering fuel decreases, whereby the emission amount of unburnt HC can be reduced. However, when the PM emission amount exceeds a PM permissible amount, instead of the intake-synchronized injection control, there is performed processing for causing a portion of the to-be-injected fuel to undergo intake-unsynchronized injection and causing the remaining fuel to undergo intake-synchronized injection. Thus, the amount of intra-cylinder-adhering fuel decreases, and the partial oxidation reaction of the intra-cylinder-adhering fuel, which is a cause of generation of PM, is suppressed.