Abstract: A treat-filled and disposable pet toy is formed in an attractive and identifiable shape. The toy includes a hook and loop material strip attached to a slit in the doll, which is attached by an attachment material, such as stitching. When the slit is opened, it reveals a cavity that is filled with pet treats. Pets are attracted to the toy because of its smell and appearance. Pets may chew the doll apart, or if the temperament of the dog is milder, the doll may be refilled with treats until worn out.

Abstract: A cat harness includes a unitary piece of material with a shape that has a central spine portion with a length and a width, where the width is at least about 60% of the length, a waistband extending generally perpendicular to an imaginary longitudinal line passing along the length of the central spine portion and a collar extending from the central spine portion at an acute angle to an extent of the imaginary longitudinal line passing along the length of the central spine portion. The cat harness also includes an attachment loop coupled to the central spine portion.

Abstract: An electrolyser system produces combustion enhancing gas for communication with the intake of an internal combustion engine. An anode and a cathode are supported spaced apart from one another in a chamber filled with electrolytic solution with the cathode and the anode being nearest one another adjacent a bottom end of the chamber to concentrate the electrolysis activity adjacent the bottom end of the chamber. The electrolysis activity is therefore not significantly affected by varying levels of solution in the chamber. The anode comprises a plurality of independent units with respective independent power supplies. An amperage control selectively connects and disconnects the power supplies with the respective independent units of the anode for adjusting applied amperage across the solution and accordingly for varying the production rate of combustion enhancing gas responsive to engine demands.

Abstract: An application for a system and method for generating browns gas (mixture of oxygen and hydrogen) from a direct current power source is disclosed. The browns gas is mixed with fossil fuels such as gasoline, ethanol and diesel before combustion in a combustion engine. In such, the efficiency of the combustion engine is improved while reducing emissions of pollutants. A unique grid arrangement is immersed in an electrolyte for generating browns gas. The grid assembly includes conductive plates that are insulated and interspersed between positively biased plates and negatively biased plates, thereby improving the efficiency of the electrolysis.

Abstract: A coke burning engine is described wherein hot coke fuel chunks are first compressed with air and reacted therewith to form a carbon monoxide rich gas, during a compression cycle time period. Next these primary reacted gases are mixed into and burned with secondary air during a blowdown cycle time period. These fully reacted gases are expanded though an expander engine whose power output drives the air compressor, and yields a net useful engine power output.

Abstract: An outboard motor has an engine, an engine cover forming an engine compartment for holding the engine therein, a ventilation system with an outer outlet ventilation space through which air in the engine compartment flows to the outside of the engine compartment, and a generator. The ventilation system includes a case disposed in the engine compartment and forming an air discharge passage leading to the outer outlet ventilation space. A fan is placed in the air discharge passage to deliver air by pressure from the engine compartment to the outer outlet ventilation space. The air discharge passage has an inlet ventilation passage formed in an upper space in the engine compartment and opening upward. The engine compartment holding the engine therein can be efficiently ventilated, and ventilation air can effectively cool the engine and can effectively suppress temperature rise in the engine compartment.

Abstract: An oil baffle, a system, and a method are disclosed for separating a gaseous component from oil in a blow-by vapor for an internal combustion engine. An example system may include a cam cover configured to be mounted on a cylinder head. The system may also include an oil baffle that may have a generally planar body with a first face and a second face opposite the first face. The first face may be coupled to the cam cover and may define an oil separation chamber between the cam cover and the first face. The oil baffle may include one or more stiffening members coupled to and extending from and substantially normal to the second face.

Abstract: An invention is provided for an internal combustion engine having a trunnion twin firing cylinder put in tandem for application of 4-6-8 cylinders as needed, including three moving parts, cylinder, piston rod, and crank that fires two pistons during up stroke while having a wet sump, cylinders are perpendicular to the crank and are enclosed at the bottom allowing four strokes every revolution with double firing pistons. The pistons do not require a wrist pin, and the pistons and rod assembly are one piece, pushing straight on the crank throw, eliminating piston side thrust, and reducing conical wear to rings with blow by. A conventional four cylinder engine at 1000 rpm fires 4,000 times in one minute. The trunnion twin firing cylinder engine with four pistons fires 8,000 times in one minute.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for accelerating the combustion of liquid fuel for improving the combustion efficiency of liquid fuel used in an internal combustion engine and a system for accelerating the combustion of liquid fuel using the device. The device is characterized in that magnets are provided in a metal pipe, and pure tourmaline ceramics and mixed tourmaline ceramics are used as a catalyst, so that fuel molecules are atomized by the magnetic field, generated by the magnets, and by far infrared rays, radioactive rays, and the like generated from the catalyst, thereby accelerating the combustion of fuel. The internal combustion engine using the device and system of the present invention can realize fuel savings and can reduce the discharge of environmental pollutants.

Abstract: The invention provides lubricant compositions for diesel engines having a regenerative DPF, which prolong life of the DPF by inhibiting accumulation of components depositable on DPF inner walls, diesel engine systems having a regenerative DPF with prolonged life, and a method for inhibiting accumulation of components depositing on the DPF in the system. The present composition is for diesel engines having a regenerative DPF and running on diesel fuel with <10 mass ppm sulfur, contains a base oil and additives including (A) metal detergent, (B) ashless dispersant, and (C) phosphorus-based anti-wear agent, and satisfies the conditions of a sulfated ash content of 0.4-2 mass %, an atomic ratio of metal from component (A) to the total phosphorus of 0.2-3, an atomic ratio of the total boron to metal from component (A) of 0.2-2, and an atomic ratio of the total sulfur to metal from component (A) of 0-4.

Abstract: An ignition arrangement for a combustion machine, which provides a corona discharge for ignition of a fuel/air mixture in the combustion chamber (24) of the combustion machine, wherein the ignition arrangement delivers a basic voltage UL which is always different from zero for triggering and maintaining the corona discharge for each ignition process.

Abstract: A cold start control module for a direct injection engine includes a fuel flow determination module and a cylinder activation/deactivation module. The fuel flow determination module determines a requested fuel flow. The cylinder activation/deactivation module deactivates at least one of cylinders when the requested fuel flow exceeds a maximum fuel flow of the fuel pump during cold start.

Abstract: The present invention refers to the technical field of starter plates in general, more specifically a starter plate with a friction free wheel system by rollers, which is applied to internal combustion engines of motorcycles or vehicles making use of a similar starter motor with the purpose to improve performance, increase durability, reduce the final price of the product and simplify manufacturing and assembly processes. The assembly preserves the locking feature under high torque in one direction (joined element by the input torque of the driver element) and, after starting, it allows free turning of the joined element in the opposite direction, which then has higher rotation than the driver element.

Abstract: An intake ducting device for a car engine comprising at least a round sheet main body having on its outer edge a circular ring, the circular ring can be fixed in the inner surface of an intake tube and is provided inside of it with a plurality of airflow disturbing holes, the airflow disturbing holes are arrayed at least in two layers from the inner side to the center of the circular ring and are in the form of grids, each airflow disturbing hole has at least an airflow deflector having an tilting angle relative to the axis of the intake tube, when airflow from the car intake tube passes the main body, by the function of the airflow disturbing holes and the airflow deflectors respectively in the airflow disturbing holes, the airflow can be separated against concentration, thereby the intake tube can take in air uniformly.

Abstract: An air induction system for an engine of a vehicle, comprising of a conduit configured to convey intake air to the engine; and a fitting arranged at an inlet end of the conduit, the fitting formed from a different material than the conduit, the fitting configured to interface with a structural support element of the vehicle.

Abstract: An air intake system for a two-stroke or four-stroke internal combustion engine that is tunable through the use of interchangeable velocity stacks.

Abstract: An intake system for an internal combustion engine includes a control unit that adjusts the opening amount of a TCV having a valve body and a valve shaft within a valve opening amount range between first and second opening amounts, and first and second rotation restriction portions that prevent the valve body from moving beyond first and second opening amount positions, respectively, by contacting the valve shaft. The valve body is divided into a short valve portion and a long valve portion located upstream of the short valve portion by the valve shaft. The length from the valve shaft to the tip is greater in the long valve portion than in the short valve portion. When the valve body is in the first or second opening position, the valve shaft is pushed against the first or second rotation restriction portion by intake air flowing through an intake pipe.

Abstract: An outboard motor S has an upstream intake silencer with an upstream expansion chamber, and a downstream intake silencer disposed under the upstream intake silencer. The upstream expansion chamber has a lower wall of a stepped shape including a raised part overlapping the downstream intake silencer in a plane and a lowered part without overlapping with the downstream intake silencer in a plane and at a level lower than that of the raised part. An upstream outlet passage of the upstream intake silencer is formed in the raised part. The downstream intake silencer has a stepped upper wall having a raised part, and a lowered part underlying the lower wall of the upstream expansion chamber in a plane and extending at a level lower than that of the raised part. A downstream inlet passage of the downstream intake silencer is formed in the lowered part of the upper wall.

Abstract: A superaustenitic stainless steel comprises in weight %, 0.15 to 0.9% C, 0.2 to 1.3% Si, 0 to 0.45% Mn, 32.5 to 37.5% Cr, 13.5 to 17.5% Ni, 3.2 to 5.5% Mo, 0 to 2% Nb, 0 to 0.5% B, 0 to 2% Zr and 30 to 51% Fe. In a preferred embodiment, the superaustenitic stainless steel consists essentially of, in weight %, 0.5 to 0.9% C, 0.2 to 0.5% Si, 0.2 to 0.4% Mn, 33.0 to 35.0% Cr, 15.5 to 17.5% Ni, 4.0 to 4.5% Mo, 0.7 to 0.9% Nb, 0.07 to 0.13% B, 0 to 0.05% Zr and 40 to 46% Fe. The superaustenitic stainless steel is useful for valve seat inserts for internal combustion engines such as diesel or natural gas engines.

Abstract: A balance shaft housing is provided that includes a first housing portion, a second housing portion operatively connected to the first housing portion, with the first housing and the second housing configured to cooperatively define first and second balance shaft chambers. A cover member is secured to the second housing portion and cooperates with the first and second housing portions to define an air flow path outside of the chambers for circulating air to the balance shaft chambers. A method of assembling a balance shaft housing is also provided.

Abstract: An intake duct cast as a recess in a combustion engine cylinder head that opens into a combustion chamber thereof at its lower end via an annular valve-seat housing. The intake duct, over part of its length, includes a substantially planar underside connected to the housing via a transition region that defines a shrinkage void of rounded shape within the mass of the cylinder head.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine has a piston crown and a cooling channel disposed close to the piston crown and radially on the outside. The cooling channel is delimited on the underside by ribs uniformly distributed over the circumference, with openings lying between them. The openings of the cooling channel are closed off with two metal cover sheets attached to its underside, in the shape of a half circle. There is at least one oil inflow opening and at least one oil outflow opening in or between the cover sheets.

Abstract: A piston of an internal combustion engine has a piston crown with annular grooves and a shaft part disposed on the piston crown. The shaft part has bearing shaft wall sections which are connected to one another via inclined connecting walls which are retracted with respect to the outer diameter of the piston. Piston-pin bosses for accommodating a piston pin are disposed in connecting walls. The connecting walls are retracted at such an angle that, in progressing from the lower edge over an intermediate region which lies further back than the lower edge, into an end region which lies further back than the intermediate region the connecting walls to over flush into a hub supporting region below the piston crown.

Abstract: A piston includes a piston head, two skirt walls disposed opposite one another and at least one pin bearing disposed between the skirt walls and supported on the piston head. Each skirt wall extends over a partial region of the periphery of the piston or piston head. The two skirt walls are connected by at least one self-supporting support wall disposed at a distance from the piston head. A cylinder and piston assembly and a piston ring for a cylinder, are also provided.

Abstract: An oil pan (200) for an internal combustion engine includes a body (201) that defines a reservoir cavity (202). A collector cavity (222) is defined by at least one wall of the body (201) and is in fluid communication with the reservoir cavity (202). An oil supply passage (220) is defined by at least one wall of the body (201) and is in fluid communication with the collector cavity (222).

Abstract: A system and method for cooling oil in an engine system. In one embodiment, the system includes an oil sump and an oil cooler that is integrated into the oil sump. The oil cooler receives cooling fluid and ejects the cooling fluid, and the cooling fluid cools oil in the oil sump as the cooling fluid passes through the oil cooler. According to the system and method disclosed herein, the overall size of the engine system and the number of external pressurized oil lines are reduced.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including an oil passage, which connects the interior of a crankcase and the interior of a cylinder head, is disclosed. The oil passage is open at the upper section of the crankcase. Oil in the cylinder head is transferred to the crankcase via the oil passage and trickles down along an inner wall surface of a skirt of the crankcase to be returned to an oil pan. The crankcase accommodates an operating member such as a connecting rod. A protrusion formed on the inner wall surface of the skirt extends substantially along a projected part, which is a projection of the operating member projected on the inner wall surface in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the crankshaft, such that the protrusion separates at least part of the projected part from a section of the inner wall surface closer to the opening of the oil passage.

Abstract: An abnormality detecting device for a hydraulic system is disclosed. The hydraulic system has a pressure level switching mechanism that adjusts oil pressure in accordance with the operating state of an internal combustion engine. The device includes an oil pressure sensor and a ECU. The oil pressure sensor detects an oil pressure that is adjusted by the pressure level switching mechanism. When the pressure level switching mechanism changes the oil pressure from a first oil pressure level to a second oil pressure level, which is higher than the first oil pressure level, the ECU compares the oil pressure detected by the oil pressure sensor with a determination oil pressure level, which is lower than and close to the second oil pressure level. The ECU determines that there is an abnormality in the hydraulic system if the oil pressure detected by the oil pressure sensor does not change to pass the determination oil pressure level.

Abstract: An outboard motor has an internal combustion engine, an engine cover forming an engine compartment for holding the internal combustion engine therein, and a top cover covering the engine cover from above and provided with a carrying grip. An intermediate member is placed in a space between the engine cover and the top cover. First connecting parts for connecting the engine cover and the intermediate member are arranged in a space between the engine cover and the intermediate member, and second connecting parts for connecting the top cover and the intermediate cover are arranged in a space between the top cover and the intermediate cover. The connecting parts arranged in the spaces between the engine cover and the top cover ensure rigid connection, the degree of freedom of arranging the connecting parts is increased, and the engine cover can be manufactured at low cost.

Abstract: A control system for an engine having a plurality of combustion chambers is disclosed. The control system may have a plurality of fuel injectors associated with the plurality of combustion chambers, and a controller in communication with each of the plurality of fuel injectors. The controller may be configured to determine a need to inhibit fueling of a subset of the plurality of combustion chambers. The controller may also be configured to selectively regulate the plurality of fuel injectors to inhibit fueling of a fraction of the subset at a time until fueling of all of the subset has been inhibited.

Abstract: An ignition device for the ignition of a gas mixture in a main combustion chamber (1), in particular of an internal combustion engine, is proposed, wherein the absorber body (5) is heated by means of a laser (8). A prechamber (10) is located upstream of the absorber body (5) on the combustion chamber inner side (6) in order to improve the ignition behaviour.

Abstract: A direct fuel-injection engine includes a piston, a cavity recessed in a central part of a top face of the piston, and a fuel injector. At a main injection collision point of a fuel-injection axis when main injection is performed while the piston is near top dead center, a main injection collision angle formed between its tangent and the fuel-injection axis is set at an obtuse angle. Fuel colliding with the main injection collision point is deflected towards a cavity open end side. At a secondary injection collision point of the fuel-injection axis when performing secondary injection with the piston is further from top dead center, a secondary injection collision angle formed between its tangent and the fuel-injection axis is set at one of a right angle and an acute angle. Fuel colliding with the secondary injection collision point is deflected primarily in the circumferential direction of the cavity.

Abstract: A gasoline engine is provided that effectively uses two injectors to enhance homogeneity of mixture at the time of high-load for improving output power and to enable stable operation also when stratified or weak stratified combustion is performed. One cylinder is provided with a first injector 122a and a second injector 122b, which directly inject fuel into the cylinder. An ECU 201 uses one or both the injectors to perform fuel injection during one combustion cycle depending on operating conditions.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling dual fuel supply to a fuel injected engine having an electronic engine management system (1) that supplies a primary injector control signal (8) to each of primary fuel injectors (2), the apparatus comprising an emulator (11) that emulates the electrical characteristics of a primary injector, a fuel control switch (10) that switches the primary injector control signal (8) from the primary injector (2) to the emulator (11) when an alternative mode is selected, a monitor (16) that monitors the primary injector control signal (8) to produce a monitor signal, and a controller (4) that processes the monitor signal to derive an alternative control signal which is used to control the primary fuel supply or a mixture of the primary fuel and a secondary fuel such as LPG, to the engine. Preferably the primary fuel supply is modulated by controlling injector control pulses. A secondary fuel may also be injected (3) and controlled by the controller (4).

Abstract: An engine system includes two spark plugs in a cylinder of an engine. The two spark plugs have different heat ranges in order to address pre-ignition, where only a first spark plug operates during a first condition, and only a second spark plug operates during a second condition.

Abstract: A fuel control system that has a fuel control device to control the flow of fuel to a carburetor of an internal combustion engine. The fuel control device includes a control member that is movable between a first position and a second position to control the flow of fuel into a carburetor. When a kill switch within the fuel control system is closed, induced current from a primary ignition coil within the internal combustion engine is fed through an electromagnetic coil, causing the fuel flow control device to interrupt the supply of fuel to the carburetor. Thus, when an operator desires to stop the internal combustion engine, the kill switch closes and the fuel control device interrupts the supply of fuel to the carburetor to prevent backfires.

Abstract: Engine management system for operation of a direct injection spark ignition gasoline engine. The system includes a gasoline engine, a source of gasoline and a source of an anti-knock agent. Gasoline and anti-knock agent are introduced into a proportioning valve that delivers a selected mixture of gasoline/anti-knock agent to a high pressure pump. At least one injector receives the selected mixture from the high pressure pump and delivers the mixture into a cylinder of the engine. The engine management system provides a rapidly variable mixture of directly injected anti-knock agent and gasoline which prevents knock as the engine torque increases.

Abstract: A module solenoid valve (14) includes a valve body (16) defining an inlet opening (22) and an outlet opening (20). The valve body includes a valve seat (18) at a distal end thereof. A valve member (24) controls flow of fuel through the outlet opening. A movable armature (26) is coupled with the valve member such that movement of the armature moves the valve member between a closed position and an open position. A stator (38) is associated with the armature. An electromagnetic coil (36) is associated with the stator and armature for causing movement of the armature towards the stator. A spring (32) biases the armature and thus the valve member to the closed position. The spring provides a spring force that is greater than a first, normal hydrostatic force applied to the valve seat, but less than a second, overpressure hydrostatic force applied to the valve seat.

Abstract: To provide a fuel injection system that can efficiently supply high pressure fuel to fuel injectors of an internal combustion engine, whose design and manufacture are made easy by simplifying its mechanical configuration, and which has excellent maintainability during repair and detachment.

Abstract: A fuel injection system of the common rail type for an internal combustion engine with two rows of cylinders is to be designed such that the deviations in the injection quantities of their injectors from one another are as slight as possible. The fuel injection system has a high-pressure pump, from which fuel flows to a first rail and a second rail which each have respective associated injectors for the two rows of cylinders. The first rail, in a structural unit with a throttle as a hydraulic connection, is preceded by a distributor block. From the distributor block, a connecting line leads to the second rail. The fuel injection system is preferably used in the automobile industry.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine. The engine includes at least one cylinder having a bore diameter, a piston for traveling within each cylinder between a first position and a second position, wherein the distance between the first position and the second position defines a stroke length, and thermal barriers on the surfaces of the combustion chamber near top dead center. In one embodiment, the engine utilizes asymmetric effective compression and expansion strokes. To maximize efficiency of the engine, a ratio of the bore diameter to stroke length of the internal combustion engine comprises a range between 0.5 to 1.0.

Abstract: Methods for indicating whether a crankcase of an engine is breeched are provided. One example method comprises restricting a communication of the crankcase with atmosphere, acting to increase or decrease a crankcase pressure, and indicating whether the crankcase is breeched based on the crankcase pressure. Another example method comprises sensing a crankcase pressure component, and indicating whether the crankcase is breeched based on the crankcase pressure component, the crankcase communicating with atmosphere via a conduit, a restrictedness of the conduit responsive to one or more of a crankcase pressure and a signal from an electronic control unit of the motor vehicle. Still other examples provide more particular methods for indicating whether the crankcase is breeched, and example configurations that enable the various methods.

Abstract: A compressed-air system for supplying a compress-air injection module of a turbocharged internal combustion engine and the pneumatic systems of the vehicle comprises a compressor is provided. The compressor is connected via a line to a pressure accumulator for the supply of a compressed-air injection module and to a device for compressed-air preparation having an air dryer and a pressure regulator for supplying pressure circuits for compressed-air-actuated consumers. The line for supplying the compressed-air injection module branches off upstream of the device for compressed-air preparation.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine is disclosed. In a first embodiment, the cooling system may comprise a heat exchanger, a pump coupled to the heat exchanger, an EGR cooler coupled to the pump, and a first valve coupled to the EGR cooler and the heat exchanger. When the first valve is in a first position, the first valve directs a coolant to the heat exchanger and when the first valve is in a second position, the heat exchanger is bypassed and coolant flows directly to the pump. It is an advantage for a cooling system to utilize a valve to maximize the rate a coolant flows throughout the system when the valve is in an open position and also to warm up an engine when the valve is in a closed position.

Abstract: A part of a ceiling wall (14) of a head cover (10) that opposes an intake collection chamber (51) is constituted by a concave ceiling wall (20) that defines a concave surface facing the intake collection chamber (51), and the concave ceiling wall (20) is formed with a recessed groove (21) that further recedes toward an inner side of the head cover.

Abstract: There is obtained an ignition apparatus, for an internal combustion engine, that can make a predetermined output current flow in a stable manner so that the combustion state of the internal combustion engine can always be maintained in a good condition, even in the case where the voltage of the power source connected with the energy storing coil fluctuates.

Abstract: An ignition coil, in particular for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, has an inner magnet core, which is concentrically surrounded by a primary coil and a secondary coil. The inner magnet core acts together with an outer C-shaped magnet core. To minimize the size of the ignition coil, a provision is made in particular to adapt the height of the outer magnet core to the height of the secondary coil. It is furthermore provided to develop the outer magnet core from multiple sheet metal elements, which may be manufactured by a punching/bending process. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly cost-effective manufacture.

Abstract: A compound archery bow includes a bow handle having projecting limbs, and first and second pulleys mounted on the limbs for rotation around respective axes. A bowstring cable extends from a bowstring anchor through a bowstring let-out groove on the first pulley and then toward the second pulley. A first power cable extends from a first power cable anchor toward the second pulley, and a second power cable extends from the second pulley through a power cable take-up arrangement on the first pulley to a second power cable anchor on the first pulley. A set of at least first and second bowstring cable draw length adjustment modules is provided for alternate mounting on the first pulley to adjust draw length of the bowstring cable away from the handle.

Abstract: A toy gun for individually shooting soft projectiles has a body and a magazine attached to the body for housing an array of soft projectiles and delivering them individually to a firing position within the body. A firing mechanism in the body fires a first projectile from the firing position. A projectile separator acts upon a second projectile adjacent to the first projectile to at least reduce frictional interaction between the first and second projectiles during firing and to smooth the projectile loading process.

Abstract: A cutter for cutting a workpiece while using a water includes a housing, an electric motor disposed in the housing, a rotation shaft, a base, and a splashboard. The rotation shaft is supported by the housing for rotatably supporting an end tool driven by the electric motor. The base supports the housing, and has a top surface and a bottom surface to be in contact with the workpiece. The end tool has a part protrudable from the bottom surface. The splashboard section is positioned on the top surface and behind the end tool in a cutting direction. The splashboard section protrudes in a direction away from the top surface and extends in a direction substantially parallel to an axial direction of the rotation shaft.