Abstract: A process and apparatus for making a shingle, together with the shingle made thereby, is provided, in which one or more thermoplastic materials are extruded or co-extruded to form an extrudate, with the extrudate being cut into a preliminary shingle shape, which is allowed to dissipate heat, and then is delivered to a compression mold, wherein the preliminary shingle shape is compression molded to substantially its final dimensions and is then discharged from the mold and allowed to cool.

Abstract: The use of a molding die having a die cavity configured to define a shape of a resin-product having a shaft bore extending along the central axis to a predetermined depth and a bottom portion at one end thereof, a center pin having an axis thereof and configured to form the shaft bore and disposed in the die cavity, and a resin flow runner extending toward the die cavity on an extension line of the center pin, which extends in the axial direction, being formed outside the cavity, allows provision of a molding method enabling the resin-product to be mold of molten resin which is injected from a gate into the die cavity of the molding die through the resin flow runner and is solidified therein. A resin of the portion connecting to the gate in a resin-product member having been solidified in the die cavity is torn off, thereby forming a hole in the bottom portion of the shaft bore in the resin-product.

Abstract: A method and system for making a composition for use in manufacturing an implantable medical device, such as a drug-eluting and/or delivery stent, is described. The method includes introducing a polymer, active agent, and a solvent into a mixing apparatus such as an extruder. The polymer, active agent, and solvent may be mixed in the apparatus to form a homogeneous or substantially homogeneous polymer mixture. The method may further include controlling a temperature of the polymer mixture in at least a portion of the apparatus. In an embodiment, the polymer mixture may be used as a coating for an implantable medical device, or fabricating an implantable medical device. The invention also includes a composition formed by the method described above.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a molded product includes forming a coat film for covering and concealing particles with the surface of a board while filling the gaps among the particles, and separating the coat film for holding the particles on the reverse side from the board. The coat film and the particles are etched from the reverse side of the separated coat film, the particles are removed from the coat film, and an array of dents carved by the particles is formed on the reverse side of the coat film. A film is formed on the reverse side of the coat film, and a molded product having an array of protrusions on the surface is formed from the film.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for designing improved flexible tubes and production methods which have improved flexibility and resistance to collapsing under load or during bending. Methods for injection molding a flexible tube (2) and providing at least one support member (4) that is arranged to provide improved lateral support to reduce lateral collapsing of the flexible tube (2). Methods for using and fabricating flexible tubes (2) are also provided for various shapes of support members (4) including annular ribs, helical ribs, spaced apart coils (128), narrow ribs, wide supports, as well as for various cross sectional shapes of flexible tubes (2), including streamlined elongated hydrofoil shaped cross sectional shapes relative to the longitudinal axis of flex tube (2).

Abstract: This invention is a method to attach beads to garments. The process is as follows: draw the art work, digitize the drawing and write it in a Laser cutting machine language, using a high heat resistance material, cut the material to the same shape as artwork, glue fabric on the back of screen to prevent beads from falling through, dip the screen in a container of beads in which the beads would fill up the holes and stay only where the cut holes are and where the beads extend beyond material. Laying the fabric on top of the pattern that have the beads and apply top heat with a lot of pressure, so the plastic bead portion that is sticking out of the screen melts into the fabric and bonds to it in seconds creating a beautiful beaded design that would have taken hours and days to make using the traditional sewn-on beading methods.

Abstract: A filtration device and a method of manufacturing the same, the filter device including a tubular body having a body wall defining a rigid support structure with a plurality of inlet openings, the body wall further having an inside wall structure and an outside wall structure, a central bore extending through the tubular body and being coextensive with the body wall, and an end portion on each opposing end of the body wall. The filtration device further includes a filtering medium disposed between the inside wall structure and the outside wall structure of the body wall, thereby filling the plurality of inlet openings.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides novel methods of producing a composition, such as, but not limited to, a polyimide composition. The methods in their most general form comprise providing a workpiece, suspending the workpiece and subjecting the suspended workpiece to processing such that the workpiece undergoes a transformation from a first state to a second state. By maintaining the workpiece in a suspended state during processing, processing-related defects are reduced or eliminated. Using such methods, the present disclosure provides compositions that are have no or reduced processing-related defects. In addition, the compositions are more consistent in chemical and physical properties and are cheaper and more economical to produce (since less product is rejected as unsuitable).

Abstract: A method of molding a composite article includes providing a first floating mold that has a fluid backing, wherein the fluid defining the fluid backing is stored in a fluid chamber positioned beneath the first floating mold, providing a second non-floating mold that does not include a fluid backing, and sealing the first floating mold to the second non-floating mold to define a molding chamber thereinbetween.

Abstract: A mould for moulding braking bands with ventilation ducts with the use of composite material and, in particular, of C/SiC ceramic material, comprises two half-moulds with respective impression surfaces which face one another and lie perpendicular to an axis of symmetry and which, together with outer and inner cylindrical walls, define a moulding cavity in the shape of the braking band to be moulded. The mould also has pin elements which have the shape of the ventilation ducts and which can be transferred by secondary actuating means from a rest position to a working position and vice versa, the pin elements being outside the moulding cavity in the rest position and the pin elements being inserted in the moulding cavity in the working position.

Abstract: A honeycomb containing a thermoplastic material, high modulus fiber and thermoset resin has process steps of fracturing the thermoset resin, bending, molding or forming the honeycomb in a mold or over a form, heating to allow flow of thermoplastic material and cooling of the honeycomb to retain the shape of the mold or form.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing shoe outsoles from waste plant fibers includes steps of: bleaching plant fiber powders; activating the plant fiber powders through a graft reaction process; mixing the plant fiber powders and recycle rubber powders to enhance physical properties of the plant fiber powders; adding a homogenizing agent to fully blend the hydrophilic plant fiber powders and the lipophilic recycle rubber powders to form a recycled material; mixing the recycled material and thermoplastic rubber into a mixture; aging the mixture for an aging time; granulating the mixture; and producing a shoe outsole through an injection molding process. Thus a novel approach is provided to produce shoe products. Waste plants or rubber can be recycled to improve environmental conservation and protection.

Abstract: A process for forming a cross-linked thermoplastic polymer is disclosed herein. The cross-linked thermoplastic polymer is formed by heating a first mixture containing a thermoplastic urethane base material, a monomeric diisocyanate comprising between 1 to 10% of the total weight of the first mixture, and a second mixture of a first diamine and a second diamine comprising between 1 to 10% of the total weight of a total reaction product. The heated first mixture, which is flowable, is injected into at least one injection molding device, with the second mixture injected at predetermined intervals to create a homogeneous reaction product.

Abstract: Mold (20) for manufacturing plastic products provided with a bottom and a sidewall, wherein the mold comprises at least a first (21) and second (22) mold part which jointly define at least partly at least one mold cavity (100) and are movable in a first direction, wherein the at least one mold cavity comprises at least one first, in particular bottom-forming part (101) and one second (102), in particular sidewall-forming part, wherein on the first mold part at least one fixed wall part (24) is provided which supports a first movable wall part (20) which is movable relative to the respective fixed wall part (24) in at least a second direction which includes an angle with the first direction, wherein in said first movable wall part a second movable wall part (35) is provided, on the side facing the mold cavity, which is movable between a forwardly moved position and a retracted position relative to the first movable wall part.

Abstract: A CPU provides a fluorescent light detecting head with an irradiation instruction, in response to which the fluorescent light detecting head irradiates an ultraviolet ray for detection on an ultraviolet curing resin material to be examined. The CPU then acquires from the fluorescent light detecting head an intensity of a fluorescent light emitted from a photo polymerization initiator included in the ultraviolet curing resin material when receiving the ultraviolet ray for detection. The CPU retrieves a predetermined number of past data of the intensity of the fluorescent light from a storage unit and performs a (moving) average calculation processing to calculate the intensity of the fluorescent light at the current time. The CPU performs an estimation processing of a state of the ultraviolet curing resin material based on the calculated intensity of the fluorescent light.

Abstract: Provided is an RTM molding method enabling to yield an FRP molded body formed so as to be increased in the fiber volume content and to thereby be made more excellent in strength and lightweightness. The resin composition is a chain-curing resin composition, and after the initiation of the curing of the resin composition, the highest temperature at the curing head of the resin composition, undergoing chain curing, within 10 seconds after the initiation of the curing is increased to be higher by 50° C. or more than the temperature of the resin composition at after the impregnation and before the curing, and thus, the resin composition is chain-cured with a Vf of 41% or more.

Abstract: An improved lithographic alignment method, system, and template. The method includes creating, within a lithographic subfield, subsequent-layer features which are intentionally offset from their respective previous-layer features, where the intentional offset may vary in magnitude and direction from one subfield to the next. The system includes an imprint lithographic machine and first and second lithography templates where the templates are adapted to enable the machine to form first and second features, respectively, and where a second feature is configured to be deliberately offset from a corresponding first feature. The template set includes at least two templates, one having features which are deliberately offset from corresponding features of another template. Also, a method of manufacturing such a template set.

Abstract: A method of making dielectric ceramics containing mixed metal oxides is provided. The method comprises the steps of at least partially coating a metal oxide powder with a metal hydroxide or metal oxide, compacting the coated powder with one or more additional metal compounds or metal compound precursors, and directly sintering the compact in a single step. The method of the invention may be used to avoid occurrence of significant quantities of one or more undesired but thermodynamically or kinetically favored side products. The method of the invention may also be used to synthesize perovskites, in particular lead-magnesium-niobium (PMN), lead-magnesium-niobium-lead-titanium (PMN-PT) perovskites, or lead zirconate titanate (PZT).

Abstract: A guide system for signal lines includes a guide tube, through which the signal lines are guided, a cooling system which laterally surrounds the guide tube and has at least one coolant chamber and at least one inlet and at least one outlet for the coolant. The coolant chamber is tubular in construction and is hermetically sealed by a seal at least at one end face.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method and an apparatus for fabricating a tridimensional solid object by sintering inorganic particles of controlled size distribution. The particles are directed onto a target area in a powdery stream in the shape of a conical surface which is coaxial to a simultaneous heating flux while an at least bidimensional relative movement is maintained between the target area, the powdery stream and the heating flux. As a result the particles sinterization occurs in a single operation directly onto the target area.

Abstract: A method for preparing ultra-fine, submicron grain titanium or titanium-alloy articles (78) used for joining or assembling of detail components. Coarse-grained titanium or titanium-alloy materials (52) are severely mechanically deformed using cryogenic milling into an ultra-fine, submicron grain powder, degassed and consolidated under controlled pressure and temperature. The resulting fasteners, articles, or components manufactured from such material have improved material performance characteristics associated with this ultra-fine, submicron grain material structure.

Abstract: An alloy for aircraft roller bearings containing: 0.45 to 1.0 wt. % carbon, max 2.0 wt. % manganese, max 1.0 wt. % silicon, 8.5 to 11.5 wt. % chromium, 1.0 to 4.5 wt. % molybdenum, 1.0 to 2.5 wt. % vanadium, max 2.0 wt. % tungsten, max 0.5 wt. % niobium, max 0.5 wt. % tantalum, max 3.0 wt. % nickel, max 0.5 wt. % cobalt, max 0.1 wt. % aluminum, max 0.01 wt. % nitrogen, and the balance being iron and impurities due to production.

Abstract: A nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy, capable of withstanding both strong oxidizing and strong reducing 2.5% hydrochloric acid solutions at 121° C., contains 20.0 to 23.5 wt. % molybdenum and 13.0 to 16.5 wt. % chromium with the balance being nickel plus impurities and residuals of elements used for control of oxygen and sulfur.

Abstract: A channel formed on a chip is opened without contaminating contents of the channel. Channels (107a) and (107b) provided on a substrate (103) are covered by pressing a lid (113) composed of a resin layer (102) and a plate-like lid (101) to a surface of the substrate (103). A fixing device has a retainer plate (104), which retains the plate-like lid (101) of a chip (112), a board (108) on which the substrate (103) is placed, and a screw (106). When covering the channels (107a) and (107b), the screw (106) is fastened and the lid (113) is pressed to the substrate (103) to be fixed. And, when opening an upper portion of the channels (107a) and (107b), the screw (106) is turned upward and a pressure is released, and the lid (113) is removed from the upper potion of the substrate (103).

Abstract: An automatic analyzer is disclosed that has a structure capable of using reagent containers each having an ID, such as a barcode, attached either on the top surface or the undersurface thereof, or alternatively on each of them. This automatic analyzer, therefore, allows information about the reagent ID to be read or written at an arbitrary timing even if the mounting density of reagent containers of the automatic analyzer is increased, thereby improving the function and performance of the apparatus.

Abstract: A sample processing cartridge may include a plurality of segments arranged in an array at least two rows long and two columns wide. Each segment may be defined by at least one wall of the sample cartridge, fluidly isolated from adjacent segments at least in part by at least one breakable seal or by at least one permanent seal, so expandable as to receive a volume of fluid expelled from another segment, and so compressible as to contain substantially no fluid when so compressed. At least two adjacent segments of at least one row of the array may be aligned along a longitudinal axis of the row and have substantially the same height along a latitudinal axis of the row. At least two adjacent segments in at least one row may be separated by a permanent seal to form at least two tracks. At least one segment, or at least two adjacent segments separated by a breakable seal, may be in fluid communication with the at least two tracks. At least one segment may contain at least one reagent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for reducing undesirable light emission from a sample using at least one photon producing agent and at least one photon reducing agent (e.g. dye-based photon reducing agents). The present invention further provides a method for reducing undesirable light emission from a sample (e.g. a biochemical or cellular sample) with at least one photon producing agent and at least one collisional quencher. The present invention also provides a method for reducing undesirable light emission from a sample (e.g., a biochemical or cellular sample) with at least one photon producing agent and at least one quencher, such as an electronic quencher. The present invention also provides a system and method of screening test chemicals in fluorescent assays using photon reducing agents. The present invention also provides compositions, pharmaceutical compositions, and kits for practicing these methods.

Abstract: A sample container includes a cap that covers a container body holding a liquid sample containing a reagent and a test body. The cap includes an outer lid that covers the container body, an inner lid that is slidably attached to the outer lid and has an opening for dispensing the liquid sample, a shutter that is driven integrally with the inner lid and covers the opening of the inner lid so that the opening can be opened and closed, a translating unit that is attached to the outer lid and has an engaging portion which is formed obliquely descending from a center of the cap to an outer edge of the cap and to which the shutter is fitted, and a pressing member that is arranged between the outer lid and the inner lid to press the inner lid to close the shutter, wherein the translating unit translates sliding movement of the inner lid to a movement of the shutter in a direction perpendicular to the sliding movement to open and close the opening of the inner lid.

Abstract: A fluid handling device including an eaves section of a first side wall engaged with a recess of a strip plate including a plurality of wells using concavity and convexity and an eaves section of a second side wall engaged with a recess of the strip plate using concavity and convexity. Slits are further formed in a corner section of the second side wall connecting to another side wall, so as to extend downwards from an upper end section. The second side wall also is partially cut away from the other side wall and is more easily deformed than the first side wall.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use in generating hydrogen are disclosed. The apparatus includes a fuel processor capable of producing a reformate from a fuel; a hydrogen purifier capable of generating a purified hydrogen gas stream from the reformate; a compressor capable of providing the reformate from the fuel processor to the pressure swing adsorption unit at a desired pressure; and a control system capable of integrating and controlling the operation of the fuel processor, the pressure swing adsorption unit, and the compressor. In another aspect, the invention includes a method for controlling the operation of a purified hydrogen generator, the method comprising: controlling the operation of a hydrogen generator; controlling the operation of a hydrogen purifier; and synchronizing the controlled operation of the hydrogen generator with the controlled operation of the hydrogen purifier.

Abstract: For an exhaust emission control device of an internal combustion engine with a support which has a catalytically active coating for absorbing oxygen (O2) in the reduction of the exhaust gas and for releasing oxygen in the oxidation of the exhaust gas, it is proposed that the catalytically active coating comprises different materials (A, B, C) which can store oxygen and which each form a component storage unit (MA, MB, MC) for the oxygen (O2), the first material (A) at lambda ?<1 changing its oxidation stage and constituting a first component storage unit (MA) for oxygen (O2), the second material (B) at lambda ?=1 changing its oxidation stage and constituting a second component storage unit (MB) for oxygen (O2), and the third material (C) at lambda ?>1 changing its oxidation stage and constituting a third component storage unit (MC) for oxygen (O2).

Abstract: A mount for aiming and firing an aerosol spray can having housing with legs extending from a housing point creating a central axis whereby the housing and aerosol can freely rotate 360 degrees serving to stir the can contents and having rotative fasteners for fixing the angle of the housing and therefore spray path to a desired target and an adjustable laser for targeting and calibrating the device, with an access door and locking member for securing an aerosol spray can therein, whereby when actuated via remote control, operates to turn a cam and series of linkages in a manner whereby a pushrod is driven downwards to discharge the held aerosol can at an interval relative to the cams speed setting.

Abstract: A hydrogen iodide manufacturing method which includes a step of producing aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide and sulfuric acid by causing iodine-containing aqueous solution and sulfur dioxide to react with each other in a pressurized condition. The pressurized condition may be of not lower than 0.1 MPa in gauge pressure. The method may further include: a separation step of adding iodine to the aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide and separating an upper phase containing sulfuric acid relatively to a large extent and a lower phase containing hydrogen iodide relatively to a large extent; and a step of producing hydrogen iodide by adding sulfur dioxide to the upper phase in a pressurized condition and extracting the produced hydrogen iodide to the lower phase.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for processing an exhaust gas containing an alkaline substance, the exhaust gas being emitted when activating a carbon material with an alkaline substance. The apparatus includes a humidified-gas preparing device for preparing a humidified gas, which exhibits a dew point of 25° C. or more; a gas mixing device for mixing the humidified gas with the exhaust gas at a temperature equal to or greater than the dewpoint of the humidified gas, thereby generating a hydroxide of metallic alkali; and a trapping device for trapping the generated hydroxide out of the mixture gas of the humidified gas and the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A porous honeycomb substrate including a non-woven fibrous ceramic body is provided herein. The fibrous ceramic body is substantially composed of bonded ceramic fibers forming a rigid non-woven matrix. Washcoat and catalyst materials can be applied to at least partially coat the honeycomb channels. The porous honeycomb substrate provides an improved substrate for use in filtration applications such as exhaust particulate filtration of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: An upstream catalyst and a downstream catalyst are disposed in an exhaust passage of an engine. The downstream catalyst contains in the same catalyst layer thereof. Rh-doped CeZrNd mixed oxide particles on which Rh is supported and active alumina particles on which Pt is supported. The upstream catalyst is a three-way catalyst containing an oxygen storage component having a lower oxygen storage capacity than the Rh-doped CeZrNd mixed oxide.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing high purity polycrystalline silicon comprises a vertical reactor, a vaporizer and a fusing evaporator for supplying gaseous silicon chloride and zinc, respectively. The fusing evaporator further comprises a zinc evaporator, a main vertical cylinder part connected to the upper part of the zinc evaporator, a solid trapping pipe inserted in the main vertical cylinder part, a zinc introducing pipe connected to the solid trapping pipe at an angle, a seal pot surrounding the lower portion of the solid trapping pipe, an induction heater surrounding the main vertical cylinder part, and a gas vent pipe connected to the side wall of the zinc evaporator.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method that increase the concentration of recycled hydrogen in the hydrogenation unit are disclosed having a hydration separation unit included between the high-pressure separator and hydrocracking reactor. A part of the recycled hydrogen contacts with the water-in-oil microemulsion to form hydrates from which the light hydrocarbon components are removed. The gas flow entering into the hydration separation unit is present in amount of 20%˜100% of the total gas flow coming from the high-pressure separator; the water-in-oil microemulsion, in which the volume ratio of oil and water is 1:1 to 5:1 may increase hydrogen partial pressure in the reactor and thus upgrade the performance of hydrogenation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel filter for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream. In one embodiment, the fuel filter comprises at least one column comprising an adsorbent. In one exemplary embodiment the adsorbent is capable of removing sulfur containing compounds, especially sulfur containing aromatic compounds, from fuels used in internal combustion engines, especially diesel fuels. Also disclosed is an apparatus for extending the life cycle of a post combustion emission control device. In one exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprises a fuel filter for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream and an emission control device. Finally, a method for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream is disclosed.

Abstract: A recycling system for hydroxylamine formation and oximation is proposed. The recycling system includes a hydroxylamine formation zone, an oximation zone, a purification zone, and an adjusting zone having a nitrate absorption tower. An inorganic process solution, used by the recycling system, partially enters the nitrate absorption tower supplementing nitrate, followed by mixing with the residual inorganic process solution, thereby reducing the loss rate of hydroxylamine in the inorganic process solution due to degradation. In addition, the organic impurities with high boiling point in the inorganic process solution can be effectively removed in the purification zone. As a result, the reduced activity or selectivity of the catalyst for hydroxylamine formation, caused by the toxic effects of these organic impurities on the catalyst, can be avoided, and hence, a high concentration of hydroxylamine can be obtained.

Abstract: A process for separating hydrogen from a gas flow having an oxygen constituent and including predominantly hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and/or other hydrocarbons, as well as a device for conducting the process, is disclosed. The gas flow undergoes a process to thermally convert oxygen prior to the pressure swing adsorption process.

Abstract: A catalyst and a method for selectively reducing nitrogen oxides with ammonia are provided. The catalyst includes a first component of copper, chromium, cobalt, nickel, manganese, iron, niobium, or mixtures thereof, a second component of cerium, a lanthanide, a mixture of lanthanides, or mixtures thereof, and a zeolite. The catalyst may also include strontium as an additional second component. The catalyst selectively reduces nitrogen oxides to nitrogen with ammonia at low temperatures. The catalyst has high hydrothermal stability. The catalyst has high activity for conversion of nitrogen oxides in exhaust streams, and are not significantly influenced by the NO/NO2 ratio. The catalyst and the method may have special application to selective reduction of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas from diesel vehicles, although the catalyst and the method have broad application to a wide range of gas streams that contain nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: A method of removing SO3 from a flue gas of a boiler. The method includes the following steps: injecting chloride salts into a stream of the flue gas at a position located downstream of an air pre-heater—the position is selected so that the flue gas has a temperature at the position of substantially between 100° C. and 400° C.; reacting chloride salts with the SO3 to form a sulfate-containing reaction product; and collecting the sulfate-containing reaction product in a particulate collector downstream of the boiler. A purge stream from a wet flue gas desulfurization system may be used as a source of the chloride salts. Additional chlorides may be added to the purge stream as necessary.

Abstract: A method for reducing the explosive potential of a nitrogen-based fertilizer product includes coating the product with a composition including a coal combustion by-product. The coal combustion by-product may be oxidized prior to coating the product, and further may be one or more of Class C fly ash, Class F fly ash, and flue gas desulfurization waste. A primary binder and one or more secondary binders may be included. The primary binder may be water. The secondary binder may be one or more of an organic and an inorganic binder.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve comprising at least one intergrown phase of AEI and CHA framework types, the process comprising the steps of (a) combining at least one silicon source, at least one phosphorus source, at least one aluminum source, and at least one structure-directing-agent (R) to form a mixture; and (b) treating the mixture at crystallization conditions sufficient to form the silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve, wherein the mixture prepared in step (a) has a molar composition of: (n)SiO2/Al2O3/(m)P2O5/(x)R/(y)H2O wherein n ranges from about 0.005 to about 0.6, m ranges from about 0.6 to about 1.2, x ranges from about 0.5 to about 0.99, and y ranges from about 10 to about 40.

Abstract: Methods of converting olivine to lizardite without formation of chrysotile or brucite are disclosed. The methods comprise heating a mixture of olivine, silica, water, and a caustic agent. The addition of silica allows for complete conversion of the olivine to lizardite through a more thermodynamically favorable reaction. The olivine and silica are preferably of small particle size to increase reactivity.

Abstract: A method of recovering ammonia by the distillation of an aqueous solution containing ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrogen cyanide. The distillation is conducted using a distillation apparatus having at least its portion which comes into contact with the aqueous solution made of an alloy 1 or alloy 2. The alloy 1 contains 3% by weight or more of molybdenum, 15% by weight or more of nickel and 15% by weight or more of chromium. The alloy 2 contains 1% by weight or more of molybdenum, 9% by weight or less of nickel and 20% by weight or more of chromium. The use of the alloy 1 or alloy 2 prevents the corrosion of the distillation apparatus and enables the stable recovery of ammonia for a long period of time.

Abstract: A transparent and conductive film comprising at least one network of graphene flakes is described herein. This film may further comprise an interpenetrating network of other nanostructures, a polymer and/or a functionalization agent(s). A method of fabricating the above device is also described, and may comprise depositing graphene flakes in solution and evaporating solvent therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a carbon nanostructure for growing crystalline carbon by vapor deposition from a crystal growth surface of a catalytic base including a catalytic material, and in particular, to a method of manufacturing a carbon nanostructure where at least two gases including a feedstock gas are brought into contact with the catalytic base simultaneously. Preferably, the at least two gases are constituted by at least one feedstock gas and at least one carrier gas. Preferably, the carrier gas is brought into contact with the crystal growth surface, and the feedstock gas is brought into contact with at least a part of a region except for the crystal growth surface with which the carrier gas has been brought into contact. Preferably, the material gas contains an ion, and further preferably, it contains a carbon ion.

Abstract: A method which especially can safely produce a hypobromous acid or a water-soluble salt thereof, that does not require expensive equipment or the like, does not involve extra work such as pre-mixing or have restrictions such as producing immediately prior to use, and is simple. Further, a method which can efficiently and rapidly form a hypobromous acid or a water-soluble salt thereof which is stable and has high sterilization/anti-microbial effect, and which does not form harmful bromic acid. At least either a hypobromous acid or a water-soluble salt thereof is formed by reacting at least either a hypochlorous acid or a water-soluble salt thereof with a bromide in a liquid to be treated, wherein the at least either hypobromous acid a water-soluble salt thereof is formed by adding a modified chlorite to the liquid to be treated.