Abstract: A temperature compensated crystal oscillator is mounted to a board. A quartz resonator includes a quartz chip that generates an oscillation frequency. A resistive element is formed on the quartz chip. A temperature sensor is located closer to the board than the quartz resonator. The compensation part compensates for a change in the oscillation frequency generated by the quartz resonator based on a value of a current flowing in the resistive element and an output of the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A digital PLL circuit includes: an oscillation circuit, wherein an oscillation frequency is controlled by changing the number of capacitance elements to be connected in parallel to an inductance element; and a phase comparator part configured to perform a digital phase comparison of a reference clock and a delayed clock thereof, with an oscillation circuit output; and based on the comparison result, to control the number of the capacitance elements so as to bring the phase of the oscillation circuit output closer to the reference clock phase, wherein the capacitance element includes: a coarse adjustment capacitor configured to have a predetermined capacitance; and fine adjustment capacitors configured to have a capacitance of 1/n of that of the coarse adjustment capacitor, wherein a predetermined number of the fine adjustment capacitors function as one coarse adjustment capacitor at the time of coarse adjustment.

Abstract: A driving circuit of LCD includes a common signal generator and a modulation circuit. The modulation circuit can generate a first frequency, a second frequency, and a third frequency. The common signal generator generates a swing common signal according to the first frequency, and modulates the frequency of the common signal in the frequency range between the second frequency and the third frequency.

Abstract: An impedance matching method which is used to save electrical energy by virtue of the fact that the method switches between modes for controlling impedance matching and modes for regulation of the impedance matching depending on the situation. An algorithm which, on the basis of control signals from an external circuit environment, controls or regulates the impedance of a variable-impedance circuit element is implemented in a logic circuit LC.

Abstract: The present invention provides a PIN diode switch circuit capable of sufficiently suppressing the generation of burst noise with each switching operation. The PIN diode switch circuit is switched to a state in which a terminal (X) and a terminal (Z) are connected to each other and a state in which a terminal (Y) and the terminal (Z) are connected to each other, by forward bias and reverse bias of PIN diodes (3 and 4). In the PIN diode switch circuit, a time constant circuit (51) and a snubber circuit (54) are provided in a path of a control signal, which extends from a terminal (CX) to the PIN diode (3), and a time constant circuit (61) and a snubber circuit (64) are provided in a path of a control signal, which extends from a to/urinal (CY) to the PIN diode (4), thereby suppressing burst noise that appears at a connecting point (Q) of a capacitor (5) and a coil (6).

Abstract: A coupler assembly includes a monolithic body (5) with a bore (11) along a longitudinal axis. A coupler PCB chamber (7) with at least one coupler slot(s> (9) communicates between the PCB chamber and the bore. A coupler printed circuit board (15) is seated in the coupler PCB chamber. At least two couplers (17) are mounted upon the printed circuit board aligned generally parallel with the at least one coupler slot(s). A first side of each coupler may be coupled to a terminating load and a second side of each coupler may be coupled to a connection interface.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and systems provide conversion of evanescent electromagnetic waves to non-evanescent electromagnetic waves and/or conversion of non-evanescent electromagnetic waves to evanescent electromagnetic waves. In some approaches the conversion includes propagation of electromagnetic waves within an indefinite electromagnetic medium, and the indefinite medium may include an artificially-structured material such as a layered structure or other metamaterial.

Abstract: An on-chip slow-wave structure that uses multiple parallel signal paths with grounded capacitance structures, method of manufacturing and design structure thereof is provided. The slow wave structure includes a plurality of conductor signal paths arranged in a substantial parallel arrangement. The structure further includes a first grounded capacitance line or lines positioned below the plurality of conductor signal paths and arranged substantially orthogonal to the plurality of conductor signal paths. A second grounded capacitance line or lines is positioned above the plurality of conductor signal paths and arranged substantially orthogonal to the plurality of conductor signal paths. A grounded plane grounds the first and second grounded capacitance line or lines.

Abstract: A system and method for minimizing phase jumps in an output signal.

Abstract: A stacked LC resonator includes a parallel-plate capacitor, a dielectric layer and a spiral inductor. The parallel-plate capacitor has a first metal layer, a second metal layer opposed to the first metal layer and a middle dielectric layer formed between the first and second metal layers. The dielectric layer is formed on the second metal layer of the parallel-plate capacitor. The spiral inductor is formed on the dielectric layer and electrically connected with the first and second metal layers of the parallel-plate capacitor.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention provide a filter having at least one first filter, each first filter being a band-reject type filter having a first set of filter parameters that are a function of a first material used to fabricate the at least one first filter, and at least one second filter, each second filter having a second set of filter parameters that are a function of a second material used to fabricate the at least one second filter, each second filter being one of a band-reject type filter and a band pass type filter. The at least one first filter and the at least one second filter are then cascaded together to form the filter. The first material and the second material are different materials. The cascaded filter has a new third set of filter parameters that are a function of both the first material and the second material. Other embodiments of the invention include a method for fabricating the filter and a method of filtering using such a cascaded filter.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a circuit structure, design structure and method of manufacturing a circuit, and more specifically to a circuit structure and design structure for an on-chip slow wave transmission line band-stop filter and a method of manufacture. A structure includes an on-chip transmission line stub comprising a conditionally floating structure structured to provide increased capacitance to the on-chip transmission line stub when the conditionally floating structure is connected to ground.

Abstract: The element size of a stripline filter that achieves a high efficiency percentage with optional stable filter characteristics, is reduced. A stripline filter includes substantially L-shaped top surface resonant lines. The top surface resonant lines include connection electrode parts, first line parts, and second line parts. The connection electrode parts are formed so as to have a width greater than line widths of side surface resonant lines. Each line part faces an edge of a corner portion of a central top surface resonant line at an interval. An edge of each first line part on an edge side of a dielectric substrate, other than a connection portion with the connection electrode part, faces an edge of the dielectric substrate at an interval.

Abstract: Provided is a band-pass filter using a ?/4 transmission line. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a band-pass filter using a support layer formed of a semiconductor wafer, a circuit unit constructed on the support layer or between multilayered insulating layers formed on the support layer, and a ?/4 transmission line formed on the circuit unit includes: at least one miniaturized ?/4 transmission line with capacitors connected in parallel to an input/output connection portion of a coupled line with ends shorted in the diagonal direction; and a ground plane surrounding the band-pass filter.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and systems provide conversion of evanescent electromagnetic waves to non-evanescent electromagnetic waves and/or conversion of non-evanescent electromagnetic waves to evanescent electromagnetic waves. In some approaches the conversion includes propagation of electromagnetic waves within an indefinite electromagnetic medium, and the indefinite medium may include an artificially-structured material such as a layered structure or other metamaterial.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a resonator device having a stacked arrangement of laminated layers including a plurality of dielectric layers, and at least one resonator comprising a short-circuit electrode, a first capacitor electrode and a second capacitor electrode. Each electrode comprises at least a portion of a layer of electrically conductive material provided on a surface of one of the dielectric layers. The second capacitor electrode is disposed spaced, in the stacking direction, from the short-circuit electrode and the first capacitor electrode. The short-circuit electrode and the second capacitor electrode are electrically interconnected by a first electrical connection comprising at least one via hole penetrating one or more of the dielectric layers.

Abstract: A magnet core (1) that is suitable for use in a fault current circuit breaker and that is made of a helically wound, magnetically soft band has a top (4) and a bottom (5), the top (4) and the bottom (5) being formed by side surfaces (16) of the magnetically soft band. The magnet core (1) is fixed in a protective housing (6), and there is a contact cement (11) between the bottom (5) of the magnet core (1) and an inside wall (10) of the housing for fixing the magnet core (1).

Abstract: A power control apparatus in the form of a standard, toggle, wall-mounted light switch for remote actuation of an electrical load or local manual override. A switch housing supports and retains a latching relay that includes power terminals, a switching terminal for remote actuation by a control signal, and a manual override. A switch lever extends from the body of the switch housing for manual actuation to override the state of the relay. The switch lever engages the manual override of the latching relay upon manual actuation by a person. A centering structure maintains the switch lever in a centered position to allow unimpeded movement of the manual override. The latching relay can be remotely actuated by a signal at its switching terminal to switch a power load connected to the power terminals on or off, or the relay can be manually overridden by actuation of the switch lever.

Abstract: A supported superconducting magnet, comprising a superconducting magnet arranged within an outer vacuum container; and a support structure bearing the weight of the superconducting magnet against a support surface. The support structure comprises a tubular suspension element located between the magnet and the support surface, said tubular suspension element retaining the magnet in a fixed relative position with reference to the outer vacuum container by means of complementary interface surfaces arranged to transmit the weight of the superconducting magnet to the support structure. The tubular suspension element is arranged about a generally vertical axis, and supports a solenoidal magnet structure which is arranged about a generally horizontal axis.

Abstract: A superconducting coil for a magnetic resonance apparatus is formed by one or more wound superconducting conductors that are embedded in a cured sealing compound, with nanoparticles added to the sealing compound.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) coil array includes a plurality of RF coil sections arranged in a superior-inferior direction. Each RF coil section includes a plurality of asymmetric saddle coil pairs configured in an overlapping arrangement in a left-right direction. The plurality of asymmetric saddle coil pairs may include three asymmetric saddle coil pairs arranged in a left-right direction. The position of the asymmetric saddle coil pairs on the left and right may be shifted in the superior-inferior direction with respect to the middle asymmetric saddle coil pair. In an alternative configuration, each RF coil section includes a first loop coil, an asymmetric saddle coil pair and a second loop coil arranged in a left-right direction.

Abstract: An electric coil comprising a coil core (10), a main winding (16) surrounding the coil core (10) and having an electrically conductive coil wire, a start winding (14) surrounding the coil core (10) and having an electrically conductive coil wire, and an end winding (18) surrounding the coil core (10) and having an electrically conductive coil wire, is characterized in that the coil wire of the main winding (16), the coil wire of the start winding (14), and the coil wire of the end winding (18) are formed by a continuous wound wire, and at least the main winding (16), preferably also the start winding (14), is wound directly onto the coil core (10).

Abstract: This disclosure describes a dual inductor circuit, which may be particularly useful in a mixer of a wireless communication device to allow the mixer to operate for two different frequency bands. The dual inductor circuit comprises an inductor-within-inductor design in which a small inductor is disposed within a large inductor. The two inductors may share a ground terminal, but are otherwise physically separated and independent from one another. Terminals of the inner inductor, for example, are not tapped from the outer inductor, which can reduce parasitic effects and electromagnetic interference relative to tapped inductor designs. The independence of the inductors also allows the different inductors to define different resonance frequencies, which is desirable.

Abstract: A printed circuit board transformer comprises at least one primary winding and one secondary winding, each in the form of at least one layer of turns inside or at the surface of a printed circuit board. The transformer is designed for a step-up/down-operation. Each of the two layers (10, 11) has an elongated winding element (12, 13, 13?) substantially following an elongated winding element of the other layer while being in an overlapping relationship therewith as seen perpendicularly to said printed circuit board over substantially the entire extension of said winding elements. A second (11) of the layers belonging to the secondary winding has a fewer number of turns than the first (10) of said layers belonging to said primary winding.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device, a first semiconductor chip includes a first circuit and a first inductor, and a second semiconductor chip includes a second circuit and chip-side connecting terminals. An interconnect substrate is placed over the first semiconductor chip and the second semiconductor chip. The interconnect substrate includes a second inductor and substrate-side connecting terminals. The second inductor is located above the first inductor. The chip-side connecting terminals and the two substrate-side connecting terminals are connected through first solder balls.

Abstract: An inductor utilizing a pad metal layer. The inductor comprises a metal spiral, a metal bridge, and a metal interconnect. The metal bridge is formed with the pad metal layer and a plurality of vias and has one end connected to the metal spiral. The metal interconnect is connected to the other end of the metal bridge. In addition, resistivity of the pad metal layer is lower than that of the metal spiral.

Abstract: A passive electrical component includes an inorganic dielectric coating layer laser applied to a conductor layer.

Abstract: Magnetic circuit comprising a gap bridging element made of a non-magnetic metal and a wound magnetic core comprising a plurality of stacked concentric ring layers of magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability. The magnetic core has a gap extending through a section of the stacked concentric ring layers of magnetic material, wherein the bridging element is welded to a lateral face of the wound magnetic core on either side of the gap. Welding connections between the bridging element and the magnetic core extend across the stacked concentric ring layers.

Abstract: The invention discloses a soft magnetic amorphous alloy and a soft magnetic nanocomposite alloy formed from the amorphous alloy. Both alloys comprise a composition expressed by the following formula: (Fe1-x-yCoxMy)100-a-b-cTaBbNc where, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni and Mn; T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, W, Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti, Cr, Cu, Mo, V and combinations thereof, and the content of Cu when present is less than or equal to 2 atomic %; N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, C, P and Al; and 0.01?x+y<0.5; Q?y?0.4; 1<a<5 atomic %; 10<b<30 atomic %; and 0<c<10 atomic %. A core, which may be used in transformers and wire coils, is made by charging a furnace with elements necessary to form the amorphous alloy, rapidly quenching the alloy, forming a core from the alloy; and heating the core in the presence of a magnetic field to form the nanocomposite alloy.

Abstract: A winding structure adapted for a transformer and a winding are provided. The winding structure comprises a first conductive disk, a second conductive disk, a connecting part, and an insulation disk which is disposed between the first conductive disk and the second conductive disk. The first conductive disk has a first open circular portion and a first connection hole, the second conductive disk has a second open circular portion and a second connection hole and the isolation disk has a third connection hole. The first conductive disk, the second conductive disk and the insulation disk are combined by the connecting part through the first connection hole, the second connection hole and the third connection hole, and the first conductive disk is electrically connected with the second conductive disk therefore.

Abstract: An inductive component for a DC/DC converter is made by transferring a copper track (2) from a copper substrate (1) to a first ferrite plate (3). A second ferrite plate (5) is attached by glue to the first ferrite plate so that the track (2) forms an inductor coil sandwiched between the two ferrite plates (3,5). One of the plates has holes (4) in registration with the terminals of the coil, and these holes are filled with solder (5) to provide externally accessible contacts.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a surface mount thin film fuse structure including a fusible fuse circuit structure disposed on a side of an insulating substrate, and the fusible fuse circuit structure has a fusible link portion electrically connected between two opposite electrode portions. If an overload current is passed through the fusible link portion, the fusible link portion will be melted down by a high temperature or a specific temperature to achieve the over current protection effect. At least one space is defined between the fusible link portion and the insulating substrate, such that a heat generated by the electrically energized the fusible link portion will not be dissipated through the heat conduction of the insulating substrate to achieve the circuit protection effect.

Abstract: An engine startup system of a vehicle permits engine startup under a condition of establishing authentication between an in-vehicle device mounted in the vehicle and a portable device carried by a user. The engine startup system includes: a transponder circuit installed in the portable device and activated upon receiving a query signal transmitted from the in-vehicle device to generate a primary reply signal for the authentication of the in-vehicle device; and a transmitting circuit installed together with the transponder circuit in the portable device and converting the primary reply signal generated by the transponder circuit into a transmission signal of another wavelength band to transmit the transmission signal as a secondary reply signal for the authentication of the in-vehicle device.

Abstract: Roughly described, a fueling control system includes a nozzle module for use with a particular fuel dispensing nozzle, a vehicle module for use with a particular fuel tank inlet, and a site controller. The nozzle module, in response to predefined user activation behavior such as removal of the nozzle from an on-hook position and insertion into the inlet of a fuel tank, wirelessly transmits a wake-up signal and an identification of the particular nozzle. The vehicle module, in response to detection of the wake-up signal, awakens from a low power mode to an active mode, detects the transmitted nozzle identification, and wirelessly requests authorization for the particular nozzle to dispense fuel. The site controller, in response to detection of the nozzle identification, authorizes dispensing of fuel through the particular nozzle.

Abstract: A combination of specific antenna type(s), with a system of specific antenna Rf field deployment, combined with the intelligent sensing of differing micro processor control of a digital antenna attenuator that controls disproportional attenuation (either synchronously or independently) of the transmission and reception areas of the antenna(e), of electronically paired devices, together with conditional time delays, is used to securely determine the ID and intent of an Rf access system user. A multifunctional remote device (condition unit) is carried by a carrier, the remote device transmits a short range radio frequency (Rf) signal which, when within range, is received by a stationary control unit. A second multifunctional remote device (cluster unit) is carried by the operator of the carrier and must be in secure communication with the condition unit to enable secure transmission between the control and the control unit.

Abstract: Process to control access authorization for a motor vehicle. Using an activation circuit in the vehicle, a radio signal is sent out, and an ID transmitter which is carried by the user receives the radio signal and verifies it with an evaluation circuit. If verification is successful, the ID transmitter sends out a high frequency release signal which is received by the vehicle. The activation circuit activates an oscillating circuit so that the oscillation rise time of the oscillating circuit is varied in dependency of a randomly generated parameter, wherein the power supply of the oscillating circuit is controlled in dependency of the parameter. An expected system run time is determined using actual system run times, and included into the evaluation in order to prevent extensions of the radio distance.

Abstract: One aspect of the disclosure relates to obtaining an identifiable aspect of a supposed owner of a personalized device; and determining whether the supposed owner of the personalized device is a true owner of the personalized device based at least in part on the obtaining an identifiable aspect of the supposed owner of the personalized device. Another aspect of the disclosure relates to obtaining a feature of a supposed owner; and identifying an aspect of a personalized device owner identifier based at least in part on the obtaining the feature of the supposed owner.

Abstract: A transaction card comprising a processor connected to at least one coil, the processor being adapted to: receive a signal output by the coil caused by a magnetic field acting on the coil; derive, from the signal, information relating to the card; store the information; and subsequently transmit, to the surroundings, the information by transmitting a corresponding signal to the coil. The transaction card may be adapted to remember the positions at which the information was store to the card, and to output the information at the same positions when information is read from the card. A method for storing and transmitting information to the transaction card.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system and methods for biometric security using hand geometry recognition biometrics in a transponder-reader system. The biometric security system also includes a hand geometry scan sensor that detects biometric samples and a device for verifying biometric samples. In one embodiment, the biometric security system includes a transponder configured with a hand geometry scan sensor. In another embodiment, the system includes a reader configured with a hand geometry scan sensor. In yet another embodiment, the present invention discloses methods for proffering and processing hand geometry scan samples to facilitate authorization of transactions.

Abstract: A system and a method for securing control systems for critical infrastructure, complex networks and/or industrial processing facilities. Aspects of the invention can include a proximity-based user identification device that generates a computer-readable identification of operators who are in proximity to a control device in the control system and an imaging device that captures a visual likeness of operators in proximity to the control device. A network sensor can read operation data from the control system. An overlay network can interconnect the proximity-based identification device, the imaging device, and the network sensor, and can interface to the control system without modifying the control system. Processing hardware can execute processor-implemented instructions to generate a correlation between at least a portion of the operation data and the control system, the computer-readable identification, and the visual likeness.

Abstract: An apparatus acquires information on a user's finger veins for personal authentication and includes: guides which form a space to put the user's finger in and block external light to come into the space sideways; a door assembly which closes when the user's finger is not in place and opens downward by a pushing force of the user's finger when the user's finger is in place, and blocks external light from above the space; a light source section disposed on a surface of the door assembly surface for irradiating the user's finger with light; a filter located at a space bottom and having a reflective surface for reflecting external light coming into the space or light from the light source section; and an imaging unit located under the filter for taking an image of veins of the user's finger exposed to the light emitted from the light source section.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification (RFID) transponder comprising: an antenna comprising at least two connected dipoles, and having an input port feeding one of the dipoles; a conductive ground plane separated by a predetermined distance from the antenna by a dielectric; and a transponder electrically connected to the input port and operative to produce a response signal when the transponder receives a signal at a given frequency from the antenna.

Abstract: A data communication network includes two logically distinct class-based networks conjoined by at least one common node that has membership in each of the respective classes of the two logically distinct class-based networks. Optionally, three or more class-based networks may be conjoined to form a data communications network.

Abstract: A method for amplitude modulating a carrier signal according to one embodiment includes splitting the carrier signal into first and second paths; phase modulating the carrier signal on the first path; phase modulating the carrier signal on the second path; combining the phase modulated carrier signal on the first path with the phase modulated carrier signal on the second path for generating an amplitude modulated output signal; and wherein a first feedback loop couples the amplitude modulated output signal to circuitry for phase modulating the carrier signal on the second path but not to circuitry for phase modulating the carrier signal on the first path, the first feedback loop being for reducing a residual phase variation of the amplitude modulated output signal. Additional systems and methods are also presented.

Abstract: In a method of allocating digital data (55a, 55b) coming from transponders, a reader (1) receives a first signal (13) that comprises a first signal component (7) coming from a first transponder (2) and a second signal component (8) coming from a second transponder (3). The digital data (55a) coming from the first transponder (2) are encoded in the first signal component (7) and digital data (55b) coming from the second transponder (3) are encoded in the second signal component (8). Second and third signals (10, 11) are generated by subjecting the first signal (13) to an in-phase and to an in-quadrature demodulation. The digital data (55a, 55b) of the first and second transponders (2, 3) are encoded in the second and third signals (10, 11). Clusters (51-54) of the digital data (55 a, 55b) associated with a constellation diagram, which is related to the second and third signals (10, 11), are allocated to the first and second transponder (2, 3).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating and actuating remote devices using a single pair of wires together with communication and networking protocols necessary for operational control of the remote devices and data gathering activities from the remote devices. The invention leverages the use of existing wiring and is particularly useful in heating and air conditioning systems, sprinkler control systems, security systems, lighting control systems, industrial automation control systems and similar environments.

Abstract: An induction rescue device for vehicles is disclosed which comprises at least one sensing element mounted in a vehicle, where the sensing element is electrically connected to a mayday activation apparatus powered by the power supply of the vehicle. Once the vehicle is powered off, the sensing element will sense if someone is trapped in the vehicle, then actuate a mayday activation apparatus, and issue a mayday to the outside for help. And the mayday will direct at least one controlled vent to open and/or at least one coercive cooling-down apparatus to activate for circulating the air in the vehicle and to cool the temperature that the trapped passenger can survive and let outside people notice the accident in the vehicle earlier.

Abstract: A method for exchanging information between a vehicle (1) and a mobile ID provider (11) has the following process steps: transmitting status request signals of the ID provider (11) to a communications device (21) in the vehicle having a prescribed period, wherein the periodically occurring action has the status request signal and a predefined pause, —activating the communications device (21) in the vehicle in case of alarm in a receiving mode, receiving the status request signal of the ID provider (11) by the activated communications device (21) in the vehicle, —transmitting an alarm message by the communications device (21) in the vehicle to the mobile ID provider (11); and display of the alarm signal on the ID provider (11). The method is particularly suited for the display of alarm messages of a vehicle on a mobile ID provider.

Abstract: An imaging system for a vehicle includes an imaging sensor (12) and a display device (15) for displaying images representative of image data captured by the imaging sensor. The imaging sensor (12) has a rearward field of view when mounted at the vehicle. The imaging system generates a plurality of graphic overlays (130a, 130b, 130c) on the displayed images to enhance the driver's cognitive awareness of an object rearward of the vehicle. The graphic overlays comprises a plurality of graphic overlay segments. The graphic overlay segments convey three dimensional information to a person viewing the displayed images and the graphic overlays. The imaging system may adjust at least one of a color, an intensity and a rate of flashing of at least one of the plurality of graphic overlay segments in response to an object being detected rearward of the vehicle and within a distance threshold.

Abstract: In a vehicle obstacle detecting apparatus having a radar that transmits a laser beam in front of the vehicle to scan in different detection regions in a horizontal direction parallel to a road and receives reflection waves reflected from an object successively, it is determined whether a high reflection wave such as that reflected from delineator installed on the road at regular intervals exists in the received reflection waves in the detection regions, and if not, an obstacle such as a human being is detected from a low reflection wave. On the other hand, when the high reflection wave exists, the obstacle is detected from a second reflection wave.