Abstract: An apparatus for testing the break-through strength of a tissue product is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a dose addition assembly having an opening and a sample holder. The sample holder comprises a lower platen and an upper platen disposed in a fact to face relationship and each having coextensive openings disposed therein. The opening of the dose addition assembly is disposed proximate to one of the openings disposed within the upper and lower platens. A substance is disposed within the dose addition assembly and is capable of being expectorated from the opening of the dose addition assembly through one of the openings disposed within the upper and lower platens onto a tissue product disposed between the upper and lower platens and within the openings disposed within the upper and lower platens.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for testing shafts, such as golf club shafts. In one embodiment, the invention can be characterized as a shaft tester comprising: a frame; a first shaft support supporting a first portion of a shaft at a first fixed position; a second shaft support supporting a second portion of the shaft at a second fixed position; and a third shaft support supporting a third portion of the shaft at a third fixed position. An actuator couples to the third shaft support to displace the third portion relative to the first and second portions to deflect the shaft. A sensor couples to one of the first, second and third supports outputting a signal corresponding to a force exerted by the shaft due. A controller controls displacement of the shaft. In some embodiments, the shaft is rotated while being deflected.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method for non-permanently fixturing an unmounted head gimbal assembly (UHGA). A backing plate has a planar body defining a plurality of contact points, and a lip extending from the body that is operably alignable with the UHGA so that a force applied against the lip transfers through the body to urge each of the contact points against the UHGA.

Abstract: A flow cell assembly for measuring the flow rate of gas in a pipe having an optical probe mounted on a flow cell inserted between sections of pipe. A distal end of the optical probe is disposed within an internal bore of the flow cell. The optical probe is capable of measuring the velocity of particles in a gas flowing through the internal bore. A sensor mechanism may be mounted on the flow cell and have a sensor array with a distal end disposed within the flow cell internal bore. The sensor array is capable of measuring physical properties of the gas. The optical probe is self-aligned when mounted to the flow cell through the use of a locking cam and an orientation ring. Velocity and physical property measurements are used to calculate flow rate. Alternatively, the optical probe and sensor mechanism may be mounted directly onto an existing pipe.

Abstract: A magnetic flow meter includes a first spud end, a second spud end, and a sensing area positioned between the first spud end and the second spud end. The sensing area has a wall thickness that is thinner than a thickness of the first spud end and the second spud end. The flow meter can be manufactured via molding while a plug is positioned in at least two holes of the magnetic flow meter.

Abstract: A method comprises, without ceasing flow of fluid through a flow meter, transmitting an ultrasonic signal of a first frequency through the fluid, adjusting the first frequency to a second frequency, and transmitting another ultrasonic signal of the second frequency through the fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a strain gage rosette for internal stress measurement on workpieces according to the bore hole method, which comprises at least three measuring grids 3, 4, 5 within an angular range of 0-<180° at equal spacing and in different directions radially about a centering mark 2. The invention is characterized in that, to each one of the at least three measuring grids 3, 4, 5 there is allocated respectively a similar measuring grid 6, 7, 8, that is lying oppositely and oriented in the same direction. In that regard, all measuring grids 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 16, 17 have the same radial spacing to the centering mark 2. Whereby the oppositely lying measuring grid pairs 3, 8; 4, 7; 5, 6; 16, 17 of one strain direction circuit-connected or coupled with one another such that the measurement signals thereof are averaged.

Abstract: Load-measuring transducers utilizing induced-voltage measurement techniques are described. The wiring patterns of such transducers can be configured to reduce interference errors due to wiring patterns thereof.

Abstract: A modular force sensor apparatus, method, and system are provided to improve force and torque sensing and feedback to the surgeon performing a telerobotic surgery. In one embodiment, a modular force sensor includes a tube portion including a plurality of strain gauges, a proximal tube portion for operably coupling to a shaft of a surgical instrument that may be operably coupled to a manipulator arm of a robotic surgical system, and a distal tube portion for proximally coupling to a wrist joint coupled to an end portion.

Abstract: An input device that is capable of sensing how hard a user is pressing when contacted is disclosed. The input device includes a pressure sensing unit generating an electrical signal in accordance with pressure applied on one surface of the pressure sensing unit and a fixed resistance making a parallel electrical connection with the pressure sensing unit. Thus, not only can the input device receive a form of information that is changed proportionally in accordance with the pressure applied by the user, but the deviation in electrical characteristics that may occur during the manufacturing of different products can also be reduced. Also, by adjusting the resistance value of the fixed resistance, the sum of the resistance values by the parallel connection between the fixed resistance and the pressure sensitive resistance can be adjusted so that the electrical signal generated by the input device through pressing can be adjusted.

Abstract: A sensor arrangement for measuring a torque acting on a shaft, wherein the shaft has a first shaft section and a second shaft section and these two shaft sections can be rotated relative to one another, including at least one magnetic encoder arranged on the first shaft section, and a stator arranged on the second shaft section, wherein the stator has two stator elements, each with protruding fingers, and the stator elements are assigned respectively or jointly a flux concentrator which leads the magnetic field to be detected, generated by the magnetic encoder, directly or indirectly to at least one magnetic field sensor element, wherein the at least one flux concentrator is fixed to a carrier element embodied in elastic fashion at least in part.

Abstract: Various means for detecting the load on the bottom of a bed are proposed, but they have various problems, since the load sensor is provided separately from a bed or installed outside a bed. This invention solves the abovementioned problems by a load sensor-containing actuator in which one end side of a screw shaft 1 is rotatably supported by a base body 2; a female threaded member 3 is engaged with the screw shaft; and an actuation rod body 4 fixed to the female threaded member can advance and retreat in the axial direction of the screw shaft, wherein the base body is provided with a thrust bearing 6 coaxially with the screw shaft and an actuation cylinder 7 supporting the one end side of the screw shaft in the axial direction via the thrust bearing; a detection cylinder 9 is provided between the actuation cylinder and a support member 8 for the base body; and a strain gauge 10 is attached to the outside surface of the detection cylinder.

Abstract: A sample testing system includes a plurality of sample tubes, each sample tube coupled to a pumping chamber, a pressure control subsystem and a flow control subsystem. The pressure control system includes a first dynamic pump equipped to induce pulsatile pressure in a mass of pumping fluid coupled to the pumping chambers. The flow control subsystem includes a mean flow pump equipped to generate a flow of sample fluid in a plurality of flow loops. Each of the flow loops conducts the flow of sample fluid between the mean flow pump and one of the sample tubes. The pumping chamber couples pressure from the pumping fluid to the sample fluid.

Abstract: A device for the dilution of a gas to be analyzed with a dilution gas has a sample gas tube (1) and a feed (3) for the dilution gas, which open into a common line (6) for the diluted gas to be analyzed. In order that even with large pulsatile pressures in the gas to be analyzed at the sample point no return flow of dilution air into the line of the gas to be analyzed and no uncontrolled temperature change of this gas can occur, the feed (3) for the dilution gas in the form similar to a Venturi jet (7) merges into the common line (6), the sample gas tube (1) is embodied so as to be thermally insulated with respect to the ambient air and dilution air and opens into the Venturi jet (7) just before the location with the smallest cross section.

Abstract: Novel rapid, efficient sample collection systems, devices and methods are disclosed which remove and capture particles, and especially biological particles from surfaces into a liquid sample. The devices were developed primarily for obtaining samples of biological contamination from environmental surfaces. Biological particles, as described here, include bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, and other particles of biological origin including nucleic acids, proteins, and toxins.

Abstract: Novel rapid, efficient sample collection systems, devices and methods are disclosed which remove and capture particles, and especially potential bioterrorism particles from surfaces into a liquid sample. The devices were developed primarily for obtaining samples of biological contamination from environmental surfaces. Biological particles, as described here, include bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, and other particles of biological origin including nucleic acids, proteins, and toxins.

Abstract: A stirring device (1) capable of correctly detecting abnormality in a stirring process and preventing liquid which has not been stirred in a normal process from being used in an analyzing process, and an analyzer are provided. The stirring device (1) according to the present invention includes a nozzle (2), a syringe (14), and an abnormality detecting section (35) for determining whether or not a stirring process has been performed in a normal manner on liquid, which is a stirring subject, in a stirring container (23), on the basis of the amount of deviation between a suction pressure waveform indicating a suction pressure change measured by a pressure measuring section (6), and a suction pressure waveform pre-obtained during normal stirring.

Abstract: In the case of a tool (140) for handling a sample, which comprises a fastening device (141) for detachably fastening the tool to a tool holder of a sample handling apparatus, and comprises a sample manipulation device, for example realized as a syringe (150), fastened to the fastening device (141), this tool comprises a holding device, for example in the form of a needle guide (160), which, on the one hand, is fastened to the fastening device (141) so as to be movable in a coupling direction (165) and, on the other hand, can be coupled to and decoupled from the tool holder in the coupling direction (165).

Abstract: The invention relates to an actuator comprising a body in which a rod is mounted to slide, the actuator including a screw extending inside the rod to co-operate with a nut secured to the rod, the screw being driven in rotation by a motor. According to the invention, the rod is associated with a piston that slides in a cavity of the body so as to define two chambers therein, the chambers being filled with hydraulic fluid and being put into communication via fluid transfer means fitted with at least one regulator member adapted to throttle the fluid expelled from one of the chambers, in at least one travel direction of the rod.

Abstract: A piece of furniture such as a bed or a chair, with an adjustable section (2, 3) adjustable about a pivot shaft (4) embedded in a frame (1). A claw shaped arm (5) intended for engagement with a spindle nut constructed as a sliding element in a linear drive is secured to the shaft (4) for adjustment of the section. The claw shaped arm (5) is with a simple punching and bending process made from a plate material. A correct mutual position of the two legs (13a, 13b) of the arm is obtained, as possibility for a good and stable fixing of the arm (5) on the pivot shaft (4) is achieve.

Abstract: A device for converting a first movement into a second movement responsive to the first movement under a demagnification scale includes: a) an input portion being drivable in a rectilinear translation in a first direction by an actuator causing the first movement; b) an output portion being movable by a converting blade causing the second movement responsive to the first movement in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction; and c) a converting section connecting the input portion to the output portion. The converting section includes an intermediate spring portion and the converting blade. The intermediate spring portion has at least two parallel flexure blades; and the converting blade is substantially identical in shape to the a least two parallel flexure blades and is offset from its neutral position by a predetermined amount in the first direction as compared to the neutral position of the at least two parallel flexure blades.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a drive shaft for an earth drilling motor which includes providing a shaft having opposed ends. Gear profiles with teeth circumscribe each of the opposed ends. Teeth have an engaging face. End housings are provided for each of the opposed ends of the shaft and an interior bore is machined into each of the end housings. The interior bore receives one of the gear profiles at one of the opposed ends of the shaft, but won't accommodate rotation of the gear profiles. Radially spaced apertures are drilled through the end housings to provide drive key pockets with arcuate drive key engagement surfaces. Drive keys are inserted into the drive key pockets, with an arcuate surface of each drive key engaging the engagement surface of the end housings and the opposed surface of each drive key engaging the drive key engaging face of the teeth.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a vehicle that includes a hand control system that allows for vehicle acceleration and braking by using hand controls. The hand controls are electronically connected to vehicle controllers, which electronically control the propulsion system and brake system. The hand controls do not mechanically manipulate the accelerator and brake pedals and so can be easily removed from the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus holds plural cables arranged in a robot. A first fixing member secures ones of both ends of the cables on a first shaft portion in a flat form, the ones of the end portions being directed in a rotation direction of the second shaft portion. A second fixing member secures the others of both end portions of the cables on a second shaft portion in the flat form, the other end portions being directed in the rotation direction. The remaining portions of the cables are bent and suspended along the first and second shaft portions in a U-shaped and flat form when being viewed in the rotation direction. A first cable guide, fixed to the first shaft portion, accommodates part of the cables therein in the plat form. A second cable guide, fixed to the second shaft portion, accommodates part of the cables therein in the flat form.

Abstract: A device for a body's (1) spherical motion control connected with a frame (5) by means of a spherical joint (2) arranged on a shank connecting the body (1) with the frame (5) and through actuating arms (3) with drives (4), where the shank is sectional and the spherical joint (2) is arranged between the first part (9) of the shank which is firmly fixed to the frame (5) and the second part (10) of the shank which is firmly fixed to the body (1), whereas the number of parallel arms (3) with drives (4) is redundant. In order to increase the accuracy of both the self-calibration itself and a follow-up positioning of the body in the work area and to achieve a large range of the body's (1) rotating, the number of parallel arms (3) with drives (4) is five at minimum and the length of the first part of the shank (9) connected to the frame (5) is longer than the distance of the body (1) edge from the point of connection of the shank (10) to the body (1).

Abstract: A manual control device including a handle configured to be grasped by a hand with a thumb, and a trigger configured to be subjected to a pressure from the distal phalanx of the thumb. The trigger is placed relative to the handle so as to be able to be subjected to a pressure from the distal phalanx while the proximal phalanx from the thumb is resting along the handle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a brake and accelerator unity device, and more particularly, to a brake and accelerator unity device in that a brake pedal and an accelerator pedal of a car are combined into one pedal, so that the function of the brake and accelerator can be conducted at the same time. According to the brake and accelerator unity device, the brake pedal and the accelerator pedal of the car are combined into one pedal, so that the function of the brake and accelerator can be conducted at the same time, whereby it can prevent the accelerator pedal from being hit in emergencies, the driver fatigue such as an ankle spasm and so forth generated by frequent movement between the brake pedal and accelerator pedal can be decreased during traffic jams or long-distance operation, and a jackrabbit start accident can be prevented through the combination of the brake and accelerator.

Abstract: A pedal device includes a pedal suspended from a supporting shaft penetrating through a pair of lengthwise walls of a pedal bracket, and shaft detachment means configured to allow one end portion of the supporting shaft to be disengaged from a corresponding one of the lengthwise walls at the time of forward collision. A pedal stroke sensor is arranged on the pedal bracket at a distance from the pedal, and the pedal stroke sensor and the pedal are connected to each other by a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes permission means for permitting the end portion of the supporting shaft to be disengaged from the corresponding lengthwise wall at the time of forward collision.

Abstract: A pedal stroke sensor is placed at a point of a pedal bracket, which is located away from a pedal, and where the pivot of the pedal stroke sensor is not aligned with the pivot of the pedal; the pedal and the pedal stroke sensor, which are thus separated away from each other, are connected together by a link mechanism; and a pedal deflection is transmitted through the link mechanism to the pedal stroke sensor.

Abstract: A pedal arrangement (1) with a standing pedal (2) features a friction element (9) which can be pressed against a housing wall (8) of the housing (6) accommodating the associated parts; the friction element is formed by an actuating lever (10) with two lever arms (12 and 13) arranged on both sides of its pivot bearing (11). The actuating lever (10) cooperates simultaneously with one or a plurality of restoring springs or compression springs (7) which cause a backward adjustment of the actuating lever (10) after cessation or reduction of the force on the pedal (2) and via a transmission element (19) of the pedal (2). The actuating lever (10) or one of the lever arms thereof thus itself forms the friction element (9) which reduces the number of required parts.

Abstract: The head-rising mechanism is set between a main body and a head that is rotated around and connected to the main body. The head-rising mechanism has a supporting plate fixed to the main body, a head-rising bolt, a button element and a connecting shank. The bolt is connected with the plate by sliding along an axis direction and is equipped with a control surface that slopes along an axis direction and a giving way notch. The button is connected to the plate by sliding along an axis direction and leans against the head-rising bolt and can be reposited automatically. The shank is fixed to the head and has lower end surface equipped with a work state recess, a head-rising recess and a middle portion that is set between the work recess and the head-rising recess and can freely pass through the notch when the button is pressed.

Abstract: A bicycle is disclosed. A direction control device thereof comprises a handlebar, a steering stem, two adjusting stems, and a quick switch device. The steering stem is connected to the main frame and comprises a longitudinal rod and a horizontal rod. Each adjusting stem comprises an adjusting main body, a first clamping portion, and a second clamping portion. Both ends of the horizontal rod are clamped by each first clamping portion; the handlebar is clamped by each second clamping portion. There are two clamping states of the first and second clamping portions: a fastening state and a non-fastening state. The quick switch device is coupled to each adjusting stem and controls the clamping state of each first clamping portion and each second clamping portion.

Abstract: A connecting rod including a shaft, a link attached to the shaft, and a number of threaded fasteners for attaching the link to the shaft. The shaft has a major flange affixed to one of its opposed ends that can be attached to a bearing housing. A minor flange is affixed to the other of the opposed ends of the shaft and has a cylindrical concavity in its top. The minor flange has a shoulder portion and a pair of arm portions that radiate outwardly and upwardly from the shoulder portion. A link has a ring that is snugly, yet releasably, positioned within the cylindrical concavity.

Abstract: An internal gear manufacturing method capable of manufacturing time reduction and easy core removal, and a metallic glass internal gear manufactured thereby. A carbon core formed into a shape of an external gear is arranged in a thin, long tubular mold of a length equal thereto with a space extending longitudinally therealong. A molten metal material is pressure-injected under a temperature higher than a melting point thereof into the space between the mold and the core. The molten metal material is resolidified by rapid cooling at or above a critical cooling rate thereof together with the mold and the core. After resolidification of the molten metal material, the core is removed by pulverization or dissolution. Along internal gear formed of the resolidified metal material is cut into a plurality of segments of a prescribed length.

Abstract: A power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle includes an input shaft adapted to be driven by a power source. A first output shaft is rotatable about a first axis and adapted to transmit torque to a first driveline. A second output shaft is adapted to transmit torque to a second driveline and is rotatable about a second axis. The first and second axes diverge from one another. A transfer unit includes a drive member rotatably supported on the first output shaft and a driven member coupled to the second output shaft. A joint is positioned within a cavity formed in the driven member and drivingly interconnects the driven member and the second output shaft. The driven member includes first and second portions separable from and re-mountable to each other to allow service to the joint.

Abstract: A power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle having a power source and first and second drivelines includes an input shaft adapted to be driven by the power source. A first output shaft is rotatable about a first axis and adapted to transmit torque to the first driveline. A second output shaft is adapted to transmit torque to the second driveline and is rotatable about a second axis. The first and second axes do not extend parallel to each other. A transfer unit includes a first cylindrically-shaped gear rotatably supported on the first output shaft and a second conically-shaped gear fixed for rotation with the second output shaft. The first and second gears are in constant meshed engagement with each other.

Abstract: An interlocking mechanism for preventing the double meshing of a transmission, which is constituted by using a rotary lock drum to produce a reliable locking action and can be excellently adapted to various transmissions. In the interlocking mechanism, fork-operation members and fork-fixing members LP1 to LP4 are coupled to a plurality of forks for changing the gears, and are fitted to a plurality of lock drum grooves of a lock drum LD that is rotatably supported. The lock drum grooves are forming narrow portions with their width being nearly equal to that of the fork-fixing members and wide portions wider than the fork-fixing members in a manner that the fork-fixing members positioned at the narrow portions are shifted depending upon the rotation of the lock drum LD.

Abstract: An angular indexing apparatus for a machine tool includes a housing, a rotating shaft, and a drive motor, the housing having a through hole, the rotating shaft (52) having a member that is rotationally driven secured to one end thereof, the rotating shaft being rotatably supported by a bearing in the through hole of the housing, the drive motor rotationally driving the rotating shaft to index an angular position thereof. The bearing is a roller bearing which has a plurality of rows and which is capable of supporting an axial-direction load and a radial-direction load. The rotating shaft is supported by two or more of the bearings disposed apart from each other in a direction of axis of rotation thereof.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing alloy powders based on titanium, zirconium and hafnium alloyed with the elements Ni, Cu, Ta, W, Re, Os, and Ir is described in which an oxide of Ti and Zr and Hf is mixed with a metal powder of the elements named and with a reducing agent, and wherein this mixture is heated in a furnace, optionally under a argonate atmosphere or, optionally under hydrogen atmosphere until the reducing reaction begins, the reaction product is leached and then washed and dried, wherein the oxide used has an average grain size of 0.5 to 20 ?m, a specific surface area according to BET of 0.5 20 m2/g and a minimum content of 94 wet.-%. An easy to produce powder, in particular in relation to the ignition point and burning time, is produced.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing granular metallic iron by reducing a raw material mixture including an iron oxide-containing material and a carbonaceous reducing agent, comprises: a step of charging the raw material mixture onto a hearth of a moving hearth-type thermal reduction furnace; a step of reducing the iron oxide in the raw material mixture by the carbonaceous reducing agent through the application of heat, thereby forming metallic iron, subsequently melting the metallic iron, and coalescing the molten metallic iron to granular metallic iron while separating the molten metallic iron from subgenerated slag; and a step of cooling the metallic iron to solidify; wherein the heat-reducing step includes a step of controlling the flow velocity of atmospheric gas in a predetermined zone of the furnace within a predetermined range. This method makes it possible to manufacture the granular metallic iron of high quality.

Abstract: A method for the melting of pig iron in a blast furnace (1) operated with oxygen or in a melt-reduction plant, with a reduction region. Purified crude gas is discharged from the reduction region and is recirculated into the reduction region with the addition of hydrocarbons. The purified crude gas is mixed with hydrocarbons and is also blended with a reduction gas which has a temperature of above 1000° C. and which is generated by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons by means of oxygen gas having an oxygen content of above 90% by volume, in order to form a recirculation gas with a temperature of above 800° C. The recirculation gas is recirculated into the reduction region according to an auto-reforming process.

Abstract: The invention concerns an aluminum-based master alloy for manganese alloying of metal alloys and a method for producing thereof, and use thereof for production of the metal alloys. The master alloy is aluminum and manganese (Al—Mn) alloy in form of splatters, which contains the following components in mass %: Mn 77-93, other components in total 0-5, Al— the rest. The method for producing the master alloy is characterized in that the temperature for adding the manganese to the liquid metal is in the range from 660 to 1600° C., and the cooling rate of the alloy during casting is in the range of 50-1500° C./sec for obtaining splatters of the master alloy. Thickness of splatters is in the range of 1-10 mm. The master alloys AlMn80 and AlMn90 are designed to be used for manganese alloying of metal alloys, whereas the temperature for adding the master alloy in the liquid metal is in the range from 600 to 850° C.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of copper leaching without reducing the growth of iron-oxidizing bacterium and the iron-oxidizing capacity when leaching copper from a copper sulfide ore with the use of a sulfuric acid solution to which iron-oxidizing bacteria and silver have been added. The present invention provides a method of leaching copper from a copper sulfide ore, characterized by comprising adding a naturally occurring nitrogen-containing organic component to a leaching solution upon copper leaching from a copper sulfide ore with the use of, as the leaching solution, a sulfuric acid solution to which iron-oxidizing bacteria and silver have been added is provided.

Abstract: A tool is provided for installing flooring with snap together edges. Specifically, the tool has a longitudinally-extending guide rod having a first impact member having a first impact face at a first end, and a second impact member having a second impact face at a second end. The first impact member has cleat extending below its lower surface adapted for engaging flooring edges. A sole is secured to the lower edge of the first impact member to protect the underlying flooring surface. The second impact member comprises a foot with an impact face. An impactor with first and second impact faces is slidably movable between the first impact member and second impact member for impacting the first and second impact faces respectively.

Abstract: A power driven ratchet wrench includes a handle, a working portion and a switch portion. The working portion includes a yoke, a ratchet head and a socket. The yoke is disposed on the handle and defines a receiving space therein, and it has a first through hole. The ratchet head is coupled with a transmission element and has a third through hole corresponding to the first through hole. The ratchet head is swayable about an axis of the socket. The switch portion includes a switching button and an engaging unit. The engaging unit stops the socket from relatively rotating in a first direction as the switching button locates at a first switch position. The engaging unit stops the socket from relatively rotating in a second direction as the switching button locates at a second switch position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a buoyant hand tool including a handle formed with an internal air chamber and a shank having an insertion end inserted in the handle. The buoyant hand tool further includes a sleeve disposed in the air chamber of the handle. The insertion end of the shank is extended into the air chamber and inserted in the sleeve. Accordingly, the connection strength between the handle and the shank is increased to enhance operation torque of the hand tool.

Abstract: A multi-functional tool handle comprises a handle main body, a fixing seat, and a set of head tips. The handle main body is provided with a receiving groove therein for locating the head-tip set. The rear end of the handle main body is provided with a recessed groove for connection with an engaging part of the fixing seat. The engaging part is provided with and engaging groove and a fixing hole that are in communication with each other. Besides, the rear end of the handle main body is provided with an arm that is located in the recessed groove. One end of the arm passes through the engaging groove and extends into the fixing hole. Consequently, when a head tip is inserted into the fixing hole, the head tip can be pressed by the arm and thus positioned in the fixing hole.

Abstract: A machine tool for achieving a high degree of flexibility during workpiece processing comprises a machine bed with side walls arranged thereon, which respectively comprise a basic body with a front overhanging projection arranged thereon. On the side walls a tool spindle is arranged to be linearly movable by means of slides. Underneath the front overhanging projections a processing space is formed for the workpiece processing, in which a workpiece positioning unit is arranged. The processing space underneath the front overhanging projections is freely accessible, whereby depending on the processing task different workpiece positioning units can be arranged therein.

Abstract: The present invention includes a chain type cutting apparatus for continuous cutting of a rope of a center-filled consumable product into individual pieces, which includes a first continuous elongate rotary chain with a plurality of first open die cavity portions and a second continuous elongate rotary chain with a plurality of second open die cavity portions. The first and second die cavity portions are mutually engageable to form a closed die cavity about a rope of center filled consumable product, forming pieces. The invention incorporates four main variables, dwell time, chain length, chain speed and the number of closed die cavities in simultaneous engagement. These four variables can be altered to increase the output of the product, as well as maintain a satisfactory seal of the center-filled consumable product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to separate a surface layer of a product in the food industry. The apparatus includes a transport device to transport the product from an input region to an output region and a pressure device to press the product against the transport device. A separating device is arranged in the output region to separate the surface layer from the product. The separating device defines a separating gap between the separating device and the transport device. A substantially cylindrical, rotatably controllable deflecting device is arranged in the output region. The deflecting device has a shape varying in the axial direction and/or a circumferential direction. The transport device is guided around the deflecting device to create a variable process gap to separate the surface layer of the product from the product.