Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing the air flow in a clothes dryer by determining a pressure characteristic of the air within the drying chamber when the dryer is turned on and comparing the determined pressure characteristic to a predetermined reference value to ascertain the condition of the air flow in the dryer.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus including a fluid coupler interfaced to a test head that includes: (a) a first ring having a top surface disposed in a first plane; (b) a first movable ring, the first movable ring being movable substantially normal to the first plane relative to the first ring; (c) a first flexible diaphragm attached to the first ring along a first attachment perimeter that encloses a first effective surface area, the first flexible diaphragm being attached to the first movable ring; (d) a second ring having a top surface disposed in a second plane; (e) a second movable ring, the second movable ring being movable substantially normal to the first plane; and (f) a second flexible diaphragm attached to the second ring along a second attachment perimeter that encloses a second effective surface area, the second flexible diaphragm being attached to the second movable ring; wherein: (i) the first flexible diaphragm and the second flexible diaphragm form a first channel for f

Abstract: A rotational power transfer device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The rotational power transfer device includes a first rotary member and a second rotary member. The first rotary member has an inner periphery formed with a solid lubricating layer composed of a chemical film and molybdenum disulfide. The second rotary member has an outer cylindrical periphery applied with a layer of grease including a mixture of oil with a higher frictional coefficient than that of lubricating oil and molybdenum disulfide. The second rotary member is press fitted to the first rotary member to allow the outer cylindrical periphery thereof to be placed in face-to-face relation to the inner cylindrical periphery of the first rotary member, enabling a rotational power in excess to be stably absorbed without causing any increase in the rotational power at which the slippage occurs.

Abstract: An engine-flywheel hybrid in which the engine power is varied mainly by the frequency of power cycles, not by the power per power cycle. The flywheel absorbs the energy from the power cycles and delivers energy. The rotary stop start mechanism stops and starts a crankshaft efficiently with minimal energy loss. This is accomplished by varying the offset of a double crank four bar linkage. The invention allows an engine's flywheel to be quickly be brought up to speed in about a half of a revolution, followed by combustion, expansion, and stopped one revolution after starting. Further, utilizing offset, the engine crankshaft will turn faster than the input shaft when the piston is at top dead center, shortening the time of highest heat transfer, making the engine more efficient. Also, that when used as an auto engine, the part load efficiency would be near the maximum efficiency of the engine, nearly doubling the miles per gallon of the auto.

Abstract: A ball screw comprising a threaded nut with thread channels for rolling bodies, a threaded spindle with thread channels for rolling bodies, and an intermediate bush, which is arranged between the threaded nut and the threaded spindle, wherein the intermediate bush has thread channels, which face the threaded nut and are adapted to the thread channels of the threaded nut, and rolling bodies are guided in these thread channels, and wherein the intermediate bush has thread channels, which face the threaded spindle and are adapted to its thread channels, and rolling bodies are guided in these thread channels, is proposed, wherein a first threaded arrangement, which is formed by means of the thread channels of the threaded nut and the intermediate bush facing one another, and a second threaded arrangement, which is formed by means of the thread channels of the intermediate bush and the threaded spindle facing one another, operate in opposite directions.

Abstract: A transmission is provided having an input member, an output member, a dual clutch assembly, a plurality of countershafts, a plurality of co-planar gear sets, a plurality of interconnecting members, and a plurality of torque transmitting devices. The torque transmitting devices include synchronizer assemblies.

Abstract: A rack-and-pinion steering apparatus in which a steering gear box for transmitting an operation of a steering wheel to road wheels includes a pinion operatively connected to the steering wheel, a rack bar which has a rack meshing with the pinion, and which is operatively connected to the road wheels, a housing slidably supporting the rack bar, a cylindrical rack guide slidably fitted into a guide hole formed in the housing, and a spring member causing the rack guide to abut on a rear part of the rack bar opposite to the rack by biasing the rack guide. A reaction force, which the rack guide receives from the rack bar, acts on the rack guide in such a way as to cause a rotational moment of the rack guide about an axis different from an axis of the rack guide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ball screw device in which a screw shaft and a nut member are threadedly engaged with each other through a number of balls. In such a ball screw device, an inner surface of a cover plate contacting an end surface of a nut main body is provided with a projecting return piece adapted to be fit-engaged with a recess cut in an inner peripheral surface of the nut main body, the return piece being provided with a scoop portion for dislodging the balls from the ball rolling groove of the screw shaft and a direction switching passage for guiding the dislodged balls to the entrance of a ball return hole. The projecting return piece is divided into a first piece formed integral with the cover plate and a second piece fixed to the first piece by a curved plane including the center line of the direction switching passage.

Abstract: A robot wrist for a painting robot has several wrist sections that can be rotated relative to one another, an internal conduit that passes through the wrist sections, a flexible hose carried in the internal conduit and having a hose drive operating on the hose to achieve positive rotation of the hose in the internal conduit corresponding to the rotation of the wrist sections.

Abstract: A displacement member can be displaced in a direction substantially perpendicular to a moving direction of a translation member that is held on a base member so as to reciprocatingly move thereon linearly, and an elastic mechanism secured to the base member accumulates and releases elastic energy in accordance with the distance to the displacement member. Protruding members of the translation member are pressed against a transmission member by generated force provided by the energy release from the elastic mechanism; thus, a distance adjusting operation between coupling mechanisms coupling the transmission member and the displacement member is controlled by a control device so that the relative position and relative angle between the displacement member and the transmission member are changed.

Abstract: A handlebar assembly (100) is disclosed comprising a lower base portion (101) which is adapted to support a handlebar (202) through a guide means which is so constructed and arranged to permit the handlebar (202) to move along a path relative to the base portion (101) whereby upon movement of the handlebar (202) along the path to the left or the right relative to a central position the handlebar (202) tilts and the center of the handlebar (202) moves downwards relative to the base portion (101) as well as horizontally from the central position. The assembly allows the handlebars to move in a way which mimics the movement of the handlebars of a bicycle. In a modification, the guide means may restrain the handlebar for movement up/down or forwards/backwards or side to side, again to provide a more realistic range of movement.

Abstract: A rotary knob for an electrical system includes a body containing a rotary maneuvering member which actuates a cam-driving part and bears one or more electrical units. A cup is defined between an outer cylindrical flange of the body and an inner cylindrical sleeve, and contains a spring either of a helical type for urging a sliding ring separate from the driving part, or of a torsion type to return the maneuvering member. The ring provides a sensitivity function. The cylindrical sleeve defines in a central opening thereof a centering seat of the shank of the maneuvering member.

Abstract: In order to improve the stripping process, a thermal stripping apparatus is proposed which has a thermal stripper with a first holder section and a second holder section. The holder sections are designed to accommodate and hold at least one coating glass fiber, wherein the first holder section is arranged such that it can move with respect to the second holder section along an accommodated glass fiber. A housing is also provided, having a handle section and an appliance section, in which the thermal stripper is accommodated. A drive unit, which has a lever, is operatively connected to the thermal holder section of the thermal stripper such that a movement with respect to the handle section is converted to a movement of the first holder section.

Abstract: A fruit cutter includes a fixed seat, and a cutting device movable relative to the fixed seat. The cutting device includes a movable seat and a blade unit. The blade unit includes a plurality of cutting blades. The cutting blades have an intersection provided with a sharp tapered drilling portion. Each of the cutting blades has a mediate portion provided with a concave guide edge. Thus, the drilling portion of the cutting blades is inserted into the central portion of the fruit to pierce the fruit, while the cutting blades of the blade unit extend from the central portion toward the rim of the fruit to cut and separate the fruit by guidance of the guide edge of each of the cutting blades, so that the fruit is cut into multiple parts easily and quickly.

Abstract: A method for broadcasting electromagnetic waves such that user-selected electromagnetic receivers are prevented from receiving an intended electromagnetic communication.

Abstract: A damping device is disclosed which dampens movement of a weapon on an axis which is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the weapon.

Abstract: A gun flash hider, formed to include a first expansion chamber, a first flow divider, a plurality of first exhaust passages, an exhaust head, a second expansion chamber, a plurality of second exhaust passages and a second flow divider, whereby high-temperature high-pressure gas produced after firing a bullet undergoes two expansion decompressions and two flow diversion decompressions, through which the gas is sequentially discharged from the first exhaust passages and the second exhaust passages, thereby substantially reducing sonic boom volume, amount of flame and recoil force produced when firing the bullet, and increasing stability and shooting accuracy when using a gun.

Abstract: In a first aspect, an automated method for engaging a target comprises: slewing a weapon to an estimated target state; and aligning the weapon's boresight with the actual target state. Aligning the weapon's boresight with the actual target state includes designating the target to obtain the actual target state; and zeroing an offset between the actual target state and the estimated target state. In a second aspect, an apparatus, comprises: means for slewing a weapon to an estimated target state; and means aligning the weapon's boresight with the actual target state. The aligning means includes designating the target to obtain the actual target state; and zeroing an offset between the actual target state and the estimated target state. In a third aspect, a weapon system comprises: a targeting sensor capable of designating a target; a weapon; and an alignment sensor associated with the weapon, and capable of receiving the designation and aligning the weapon's boresight with the designated target.

Abstract: An actuator using a fluid cylinder in which rigidity may be attained with a simple configuration, includes a fluid cylinder, a first choke valve device, and a second choke valve device. The first choke valve device is disposed between a fluid pressure source and a first chamber, and the second choke valve device is disposed between the fluid pressure source and a second chamber. An opening of a valve of a discharge valve mechanism included in each of the choke valve devices is set so as to be in inverse proportion to a target pressure in the chamber in which the fluid pressure is adjusted by the choke valve device.

Abstract: A piston-cylinder assembly includes a working cylinder, and a one-piece stamped and formed piston body which is attached to a piston rod, the piston body being axially movable in the cylinder and dividing the cylinder into two working spaces. The piston body has at least one first opening provided with a first valve for passing fluid when the piston moves in a pull direction, and at least one second opening provided with a second valve for passing fluid when the piston moves in a push direction. A circumferential surface of the piston body is formed with a shallow groove which holds a seal between the circumferential surface and the working cylinder.

Abstract: A piston device and its manufacturing method are disclosed. The piston device comprises a piston body having at least one annular groove on the side wall of the piston body, and at least one piston ring made of flexible material and mounted in the annular groove. The outer diameter of the piston ring mounted on in the annular groove is larger than the diameter of the piston body, so that the piston ring contacts with the inner wall but the piston body has no contact with the inner wall while the piston device moves reciprocally at the axial direction of the cylinder.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing a jerky food product. The method comprises: (a) preparing a raw meat to obtain a moldable meat dough; (b) contacting at least a portion of the meat dough with a jerky mold apparatus having a pre-determined geometric configuration, wherein a plurality of sectors are spatially separated and defined by supported partitions arranged in a pre-determined pattern; (c) causing at least one of the partitions of the jerky mold to impale the meat dough to dispose portions of the meat dough into at least one of the sectors, thus separating the meat dough into a plurality of meat segments having a size and shape corresponding to that of the sectors; (d) removing the meat segments from the jerky mold; and (e) treating the meat segments to produce a plurality of jerky pieces.

Abstract: Provided is a coffee maker having a structure for preventing water from leaking while a water storage container is unloaded, and a microwave oven having the same. The coffee maker includes: a water storage container storing water for extracting coffee and having a drainage hole formed at one sided portion thereof; a tube guiding water drained through the drainage hole of the water storage container so as to extract coffee; and a connection unit having a first connector of which one end is connected to the water storage container, and a second connector of which one end is connected to the tube and the other end is separatably connected to the first connector. The connection unit communicates the water storage container with the tube and prevents water from leaking from at least one of the water storage container and the tube when the first connector and the second connector are separated from each other.

Abstract: A system providing for on-site reclamation and re-use of reclaimed antimicrobial solution includes a dispenser, at least one receptacle, piping, and at least one pump. The dispenser sprays antimicrobial solution toward moving raw food products. Unspent antimicrobial solution that did not contact the moving raw food products and rebound antimicrobial solution that did contact the raw food products combine to form a reclaimed antimicrobial solution. The reclaimed antimicrobial solution is collected in the receptacle and is pumped through the piping to a location for reuse.

Abstract: A print pad for printing on a hard surface has a tip portion made of a silicon rubber having a first durometer. Rearward of the tip portion is a central body portion made of a silicon rubber having a durometer that is different than the durometer of the tip portion. Rearward of the central body is a base suitable to attachment to a machine.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a printing assembly incorporating an improved double-sided image transfer station. The present disclosure also describes a product processing apparatus including a cross feed processing architecture. The single-pass double-sided image transfer station and cross feed processing architectures described herein provide numerous advantages over prior art product processing devices. In particular, the single-pass double-sided image transfer station provides for reduced print times, less shuttling of the product during printing, and a less complex, therefore, more reliable printing operation overall. The cross feed architecture provides an efficient processing path for the product through the device and facilitates processing modularization.

Abstract: For use in a system having a master device and slave devices (e.g., an electronic blasting system) and utilizing an automatic detection process that causes any slave devices that have not previously been identified to the master device to identify themselves to the master device, an enhancement to the detection process employs at least a second discriminator to detect superimposed responses from simultaneously responding slave devices, and a “deconvolution” algorithm in order to ascertain their identities.

Abstract: A seeding apparatus having a furrow opener attached to a first trailing arm, sensor for sensing the amount of ground force to which the furrow opener is being subjected, a second trailing arm, a packing wheel in secure engagement with the second trailing arm and adapted to pack a seeded furrow, an actuator and a control device in communication with the actuator and in communication with the sensor for applying a variable bias force to the packing wheel.

Abstract: An agricultural implement for delivering ammonia gas to soil includes a soil cutting device for forming a furrow in the soil to be fertilized, a closing device trailing the cutting device for closing the furrow, and an ammonia gas delivery tube extending downwardly into the furrow between the cutting device and the closing device, and then extending rearwardly along the furrow to the closing device for delivering ammonia gas onto at least one wall of the furrow rearwardly of the trailing end of the cutting device and of the leading end of the closing device. A discharge nozzle is mounted on the trailing end of the ammonia gas delivery tube for discharging ammonia gas onto the bottom and/or sides of the furrow. The ammonia gas delivery tube and the discharge nozzle may be made of non-metallic material, such as polymeric material, to reduce or avoid freezing of soil and moisture on the implement.

Abstract: A device for producing thread-stitched book blocks from a stack of signatures are arranged flat one on top of the other and are stitched together by stitched seams formed at right angles to the folds by a binding thread passed repeatedly in double strands through the folds of the signatures. The device has a first stitching needle that inserts the binding thread and a second stitching needle that draws the binding thread through the fold from the inside. A punch needle, which passes through the fold from the inside edge to form a punched hole, is arranged opposite the first and second stitching needles, each of which forms a stitched seam. The section of the needle that is used to pierce a fold has a polygonal cross-sectional shape.

Abstract: A securement assembly is provided. A support has a lower end and an upper end. The lower end is coupled to the securement assembly. A spear has a leading end and trailing end with a central extent between the leading and trailing ends. A cylindrical member has a passageway slidably receiving the spear between the leading and trailing ends. Adjustment components couple the cylindrical member to the upper end of the support. The adjustment components are adapted to move the cylindrical member and spear between any of a plurality of orientations. The plurality of orientations include a generally horizontal orientation for storing and transportation and a generally vertical orientation for deploying and use.

Abstract: A pontoon with an improved running surface and methods for construction the same are provided. The pontoon comprises an interior concave main running surface formed along the longitudinal centerline of the pontoon which is bounded by two sponsons, which in turn are bounded by two distal concave surfaces, or integrated lifting strakes. The associated methods provide a process for retrofitting prior art pontoons or constructing the pontoon to avoid the need for welds below the waterline of the pontoon. The pontoon provides improved pontoon boat performance by maximizing lift and minimizing leakage. The pontoon also reduces construction costs by lowering the number of welds required to form a pontoon with lifting strakes.

Abstract: An anchor incorporates a release mechanism that is releasably assembled to a shank. An anchor chain is affixed to a crown section of the anchor. The chain is slideably inserted through a tubular release mechanism body. A tension controlling mechanism is elastically coupled between the release mechanism and the anchor chain. A pair of release interface notches is formed within the proximal end of the release mechanism; the slots are placed on opposing sides of the release mechanism. A pair of release interface fasteners is disposed along a distal end of the shank. The release mechanism is held in a mooring configuration by engaging the release interface notches and the release interface fasteners. The release mechanism maintains the chain in a mooring configuration until the release mechanism is rotated perpendicular to the shank, wherein the release interface notches disengage from the release interface fasteners changing a tensile force from an anchor engaging direction to a releasing direction.

Abstract: A pressure indicating device includes a case including a gas passage, and a movable indicator carried by the case. The indicator has an end in fluid communication with the gas passage and an indicator end projectable out of a portion of the case when pressure in the gas passage is at least a predetermined minimum pressure. A spring may retract the indicator when pressure in the gas passage is below the predetermined minimum pressure.

Abstract: To provide a slide curtain coating apparatus and method for depositing a curtain of coating liquid onto a running web, the apparatus and method capable of preventing the curtain from being condensed at its center region and preventing the resulting coating from having greater thickness at its edge regions. The coating apparatus includes: a slit for discharging the coating liquid; a slide on which the curtain flows down; and, a slide edge guide along which the curtain flows and which is provided at both edges on the slide and each having auxiliary liquid supply means at the surface facing the curtain; and auxiliary liquid supply means for discharging the auxiliary liquid from all over the surface thereof which touches the curtain at the edge guide. The coating method includes discharging the auxiliary liquid from all over the surface of the auxiliary supply means coating apparatus.

Abstract: A painters stand comprising a pair of extensible supports for rotatably securing a workpiece therebetween. Each support is comprised of a stanchion having a collar mounted thereon with a plurality of divergent legs extending therefrom with the stanchion having an intermediate workpiece support approximate the top end and a receiver for a workpiece fastener that will be fastened to a workpiece end whereby the workpiece can be supported between the stanchions. Once mounted in the workpiece receiver a plurality of radially positioned apertures are provided within the workpiece fastener so that one can be selectively co-aligned with a workpiece receiver aperture for insertion of a pin to secure the workpiece while a desired operation is performed, such as sanding and or painting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to animal waste scooper device and system. The scooper includes a base having a blade having a front edge, a back edge, a first side, a second side, a plurality of openings. The base also includes an elongated member having a top portion and a bottom portion, wherein the base is attached to or at the bottom portion of the elongated member; and the bottom portion is angled such that the blade axis has an angle in a range of between about 100 degrees and 140 degrees in relation to the top portion; and a hook mounted to the elongated member above the angle. The system further includes a pail having a handle; and a litter box having a bottom surface and four sides extending from the bottom surface, the four sides having a height between about 8 inches and about 12 inches.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for raising, transporting and releasing on a sea bed (50) crustacea juveniles which are in a housing section (1), the housing section (1) being adapted for connection to an emigration device (60, 80, 100) and the emigration device (60, 80, 100) being provided with at least one bore (70, 86) arranged to form an open path between an area near the surface of the sea bed (50) and a tubular element (10) disposed in a cut-out (12) in the housing section (1).

Abstract: A blower system for livestock may include a housing. An air inlet may be located on the housing. One or more motors may be located in the housing. One or more fans may be coupled to at least one of the motors. The fans may be located in the housing. The fans may draw air in through the air inlet and expel air out through an air outlet located on the housing. A nozzle may be coupled to the air outlet. The nozzle may have a wide, narrow slit opening for air to exit the nozzle. The blower system may be portable. The blower system may allow a user to apply the air from the air outlet to livestock.

Abstract: A collapsible barrel is provided for use in training for equine barrel racing. The collapsible barrel is configured and sized to approximate the dimensions of a conventional barrel used in the sport of equine barrel racing, but is constructed of sturdy, lightweight materials that enable the barrel to be transformed between a fully deployed state and a collapsed state. The collapsible barrel of the present invention is sufficiently lightweight and dimensioned, when in a collapsed state, to be easily transported, deployed for training and later stored. The flexibility of the collapsible barrel makes training ideal because it eliminates injury to the legs of the rider and the body of the horse.

Abstract: A flexible, durable pet toy includes an outer plush layer and an inner fleece layer positioned adjacent thereto and optionally adhesively secured thereto. The outer and inner layers form a shell of a three dimensional object, and a filling material fills the shell. Seams that join edges of the outer and inner layers are folded inward and are contained within the object. The seams are reinforced with a webbing strip, and fastened by thread to create a flexible interior skeleton frame. A method for making such a pet toy is also disclosed.

Abstract: A cattle management system and method for managing numerous routine and non-routine management activities. The system and method incorporate a data processing system wherein comprehensive data is gathered and maintained on each individual animal as well as on selected groups of animals. Preferably, a central database is used which allows enhanced functionality with respect to not only data entry and data transfer, but also with respect to providing system generated management recommendations. Some significant functionality of the present invention includes the ability to track the location of each individual animal by utilizing unique identification data for each animal, recording all monitored events that take place at each location during the animal's production cycle, and reporting the events and locations as required to government entities, financial institutions, and other entities within the cattle industry.

Abstract: A valve system is disclosed for an internal combustion engine which allows a secondary valve event, serving for example to provide internal EGR, to be selectively disabled. The system comprises two valve 10 and 22, a first cam 20 acting on the first valve 10 by way of a rocker 12 pivotable about a fixed pivot axis and a second cam 36 having at least two lobes and acting on the second valve 22 by way of a second rocker 24 pivotable about an eccentric 26. The second of the two lobes of the second cam 36 is arranged to open the second valve 22 at a time that the first valve 10 is opened by the first cam 20. A selectively operable latching mechanism 50 latches the eccentric 26 in a fixed position in which each of the cam lobes of the second cam causes the second valve to open.

Abstract: An engine comprising a valve, cam lobe, rocker, follower member and an optional spring is disclosed herein. The valve may comprise a valve stem. The cam lobe may have a base circle and a nose. The cam lobe may be attached to a rotating shaft. The rocker may have a valve end portion contacting the valve, a lifter end portion defining a pivot axis of the rocker and a cam surface disposed between the valve end portion and the lifter end portion. The nose of the cam lobe may contact the cam surface for opening the valve. The follower member may be disposed adjacent the cam lobe opposite the rocker. The follower member may be attached to the rocker and have a curved inner surface upon which the nose of the cam lobe contacts for lifting the rocker. The spring may be disposed about the valve stem of the valve for closing the valve stem of the valve.

Abstract: An engine control system includes a scavenging module that generates a scavenging signal when both a driver torque request is greater than a predetermined torque threshold and a rotational speed of an engine crankshaft is less than a predetermined speed threshold. A cam phaser control module controls intake and exhaust cam phasers based on the scavenging signal such that opening times of intake and exhaust valves of a respective cylinder overlap.

Abstract: A control system includes: a detecting device that detects the transition in the cumulative amount of heat generated in a combustion chamber based on the pressure in the combustion chamber in an expansion stroke; and a controller that controls the amount of exhaust gas contained in an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber such that the amount of change in the cumulative amount of heat generated in the combustion chamber through a predetermined crank angle range will become a predetermined value.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device controls an operation of an injector such that fuel to be injected into a combustion chamber per combustion cycle is divided and injected at least through a first injection and a second injection, which is performed with a larger fuel quantity than the first injection after the first injection. The fuel injection control device includes an acquiring section and a first combustion state estimating section. The acquiring section acquires a sensing value of cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber sensed with a cylinder pressure sensor. The first combustion state estimating section estimates an actual combustion state of the fuel injected by the first injection based upon a second combustion timing cylinder pressure sensing value attributable to combustion of the fuel injected by the second injection out of the cylinder pressure sensing values.

Abstract: A method for determining a point in time of a start of combustion in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine includes: providing a base compression pressure model which gives a curve of a compression pressure in the cylinder as a function of the operating point; adjusting the base compression pressure model using measured cylinder pressures of at least one operating state of the internal combustion engine at points in time at which no combustion is taking place in the cylinder, in order to obtain an adjusted compression pressure model; and determining a point in time of a start of combustion with the aid of a pressure curve determined by the adjusted compression pressure model.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. According to the invention, an injection valve member, which opens or closes at least one injection opening, is controlled by a control valve. The control valve opens or closes a connection from a control chamber into a fuel return line by the positioning of a closing element in a seat or by the opening of the seat. A bore is embodied in the closing element, and a pin is received in the bore. The diameter of the bore essentially corresponds to the diameter of the seat. The pin is supported on one side against a pressure rod, against a spring seat, or against the injector housing.

Abstract: A system for managing fuel-vapor emission from a fuel tank of a vehicle using a vortex-effect flow separator coupled in the fuel-vapor purging system of the vehicle. The warmer-flow outlet of the separator is coupled to the engine intake, and the cooler-flow outlet is coupled to the fuel tank. In this way, less fuel vapor is delivered to the engine intake.