Abstract: The present invention discloses a combustor system and method of measuring impurities in the combustion system. The combustion system includes an up-stream fuel injection point; a down-stream turbine combustor; a flame zone in the turbine combustor comprising a plurality of axial sub-zones; an optical port assembly configured to obtain a non-axial, direct, optical view of at least one of the plurality of axial sub-zones, and an impurity detection system in optical communication with the optical port assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method of LO airflow modulation for use with a DTSA engine. A DTSA engine is positioned within an aircraft fuselage and the second DTSA turbine fan includes it own dedicated decoupled air inlet duct that is formed co-centrically about the housing. An airflow modulator member is positioned in duct to form the duct wall when the modulator is in a closed position. The Modulator member is pivotally connected to the duct wall, and is movable by an actuator to a second open position that allows airflow to escape the third stream duct, and provide airflow to both the DTSA fan blades as well as engine bay for cooling. The method of the present invention provides airflow modulation to an aircraft employing a DTSA engine, said method including the receiving of airflow from a supersonic aircraft intake; sensing a number of parameters, including, but not limited to aircraft speed, temperature, engine load and/or altitude.

Abstract: A swirler for mixing fuel and air is provided. The swirler includes a plurality of vanes arranged on a reference circle diameter which, together with a first longitudinal end face of the vanes disposed on a first wall and a second wall disposed on an opposing second longitudinal end face of the vanes, form a flow channel. In this arrangement at least one injection orifice in the first wall and at least one further injection orifice in the second wall open into a flow channel. The arrangement of the at least two mutually opposing injection orifices in the wall of the swirler makes for a homogeneous distribution of the fuel in the flow channel and ensures a uniform mixing of the air with the fuel. This results in uniform and low-NOx combustion of the fuel/air mixture in a burner.

Abstract: It is desired to obtain a technique which enables turning of a compressor driven by a multi-shaft gas turbine. The multi-shaft gas turbine has a high-pressure side shaft and a low-pressure side shaft. A compressor drive device applies a drive force to a compressor connected to the low-pressure side shaft of the multi-shaft gas turbine. The compressor drive device includes: a motor which generates a drive force; and a control unit which controls the motor so as to generate an rpm when turning the compressor. If the torque generated by the gas turbine is insufficient, the control unit controls the motor so as to carry out a helper motor operation for increasing the torque.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of increasing the safety of a power plant (10) provided with at least one heat engine (1, 2) and a gearbox (BTP), said engine (1, 2) driving said gearbox (BTP), said gearbox (BTP) having a lubrication system implemented using an aqueous medium stored in a reserve (30), in which method a fluid comprising water is injected into said heat engine (1, 2) to increase the power developed by the heat engine (1, 2) without increasing the temperature of a member of the heat engine (1, 2), or to decrease said temperature without modifying the power developed by the engine (1, 2), said fluid being taken from said reserve (30).

Abstract: Provided is a gas turbine capable of achieving high-speed startup of the gas turbine through quick operation control of an ACC system during startup of the gas turbine, improving the cooling efficiency of turbine stationary components, and quickly carrying out an operation required for cat back prevention during shutdown of the gas turbine.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine has an exhaust diffuser. A first path extends radially through the outer and inner cones of the diffuser and has a radially inward end and a radially outward end the inward end fluidly connected to the central cavity. An air supply or ejector is fluidly connected to the radially outward end of the first path, for drawing air by using the compressed air through the first path into the central cavity. A first opening is defined in the inner cone to fluidly connect between the exhaust channel and the central cavity. The first path and the first opening are so positioned that the cooling air is delivered from the air supply through the first path, the central cavity, and the first opening into the exhaust channel as it makes thermal contact with an object positioned in the central cavity to cool the object.

Abstract: A portable, automated, cold-chain maintaining, cooling apparatus is disclosed. This apparatus comprises one or more portable cooling modules in communication with one or more portable transition modules. The cooling modules have cooling module conveyor apparatus to move containers of product through the module and a product cooling apparatus to provide cooling air to the product. The portable transition module is in communication with each of said one or more portable cooling modules in such a manner to maintain the cold temperature of said cooled product. A transition module conveyor apparatus within the transition module is in communication with the cooling module conveyor apparatus and automatically transfer the product from the cooling modules into the portable transition module.

Abstract: An appliance includes a cabinet and a cabinet door and an ice maker. A primary ice bin is disposed in the cabinet door of the appliance. A secondary ice bin is disposed in the cabinet of the appliance. A routing device is disposed inside the cabinet. The routing device includes a stationary base that supports an adjustable ramp. The ramp is operable between a first position that directs ice to the primary ice bin and a second position that directs ice to the secondary ice bin.

Abstract: An energy supply system for operating at least one air conditioning system of an aircraft, comprises at least one air line network and at least one electric line network. The air line network is connected to the air conditioning system and at least one bleed air connection for routing bleed air to the air conditioning system. The electric line network is connected to the air conditioning system and at least one electrical energy source for routing electrical energy to the air conditioning system. The air conditioning system has an electrically operable cooling device. By means of the energy supply system according to the invention the energy withdrawn from the power units is better adapted to the energy necessary for operating the air conditioning system and other systems—such as, for example, wing de-icing—and therefore reduces the excess fuel consumption of the aircraft.

Abstract: The present application provides a microchannel coil assembly. The microchannel coil assembly may include a frame, a number of microchannel coils positioned within the frame, and a microchannel coil spray system positioned about the frame and the number of microchannel coils.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for carrying out a heat transfer between alternately working adsorbers (Ad1, Ad2) in an adsorption refrigeration installation comprising an external cooling circuit (Kw) and an external heating circuit (Hw). The method is characterized by a closed heat transfer circuit, connected between the first and the second adsorber, comprising a heat transfer medium (Wm) circulating therein, a heat transfer with the external cooling circuit (Kw) being carried out in the heat transfer circuit via a first heat contact and a heat transfer with the external heating circuit (Hw) being carried out via a second heat contact.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide refrigerant vapor compression system and method of operating that system are provided. The refrigerant vapor compression system includes a compression device, a flash tank receiver disposed in the refrigerant circuit intermediate a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger, and a compressor unload circuit including a refrigerant line establishing refrigerant flow communication between an intermediate pressure stage of the compression device and the refrigerant circuit at a location downstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger and upstream of a suction inlet to the compression device, and a unload circuit flow control device disposed in said unload circuit refrigerant line. In response to at least one system operating parameter sensed by at least one sensor, the controller selectively positions the unload flow control device to maintain the refrigerant vapor compression system operating below a preselected high pressure limit.

Abstract: A variable speed electric drive for use in refrigerant systems includes an electric motor for driving an associated component at a variable speed that is a function of an operating frequency of the motor; and a control for supplying alternating discrete drive frequencies to the electric motor to provide a continuously variable speed drive of the associated component. The control cycles the drive frequency to the electric motor among the at least two discrete frequencies so that the variable average resultant speed at which the associated component is driven is a function of a combination of the selected at least two discrete frequencies.

Abstract: A method and system for operating a refrigerant system having a reciprocating compressor with a main cylinder module and an economizer cylinder module includes regulating a flow of refrigerant into the main cylinder module and regulating a flow of refrigerant into the economizer cylinder module. The main cylinder module and the economizer cylinder module have separate inlet and outlet discharge streams. The flow through each module is regulated as a function of an operating mode of the refrigerant system, which includes various modes of loading and unloading based, in part, on a cooling demand. In some embodiments, the refrigerant system may include a connector refrigerant line configured to redirect refrigerant from the economizer cylinder module to the main cylinder module or from the main cylinder module to the economizer cylinder module.

Abstract: An ice collection area is disposed inside the cabinet proximate an ice maker. An ice storage area is disposed inside the cabinet. A first relocatable ice bin is disposed inside the cabinet. The first relocatable ice bin is disposed in one of the ice collection area and the ice storage area. A second relocatable ice bin is disposed inside the cabinet. The second relocatable ice bin is disposed in the other of the ice collection area and the ice storage area.

Abstract: In a conventional heat pump system which has a space heat exchanger, a motor (717) driven compressor (106), a refrigerant, a suction line (104) for feeding refrigerant to the compressor, and a waste heat exchanger (720) for adding or removing heat from the heat pump system, the improvement uses various devices to optimize a temperature of the refrigerant in the suction line (104), where the refrigerant enters the compressor. The preferred device is a Peltier thermocouple (500), which can be controlled by current, in response to a sensor (502) in the suction line, to heat or cool the suction line to minimize the load of incompressible liquid or high gas pressure on the compressor. An improved auxiliary heat exchanger also can improve efficiency.

Abstract: There is disclosed an air conditioner which can realize appropriate air conditioning control in a situation closer to a feeling temperature even in a case where a floor surface of a room to be conditioned is low. The air conditioner which blows air subjected to heat exchange between the air and a user side heat exchanger into a room to be conditioned by an indoor side blower comprises a user side controller which controls a revolution speed of the indoor side blower based on the present temperature in the room and a set temperature, and this controller raises the revolution speed of the indoor side blower in a case where an outside air temperature is not higher than a predetermined revolution speed rise temperature during a heating operation.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus (100A) includes a first compressor (101) that is an expander-compressor unit, a second compressor (102), and a controller (300). The controller (300) shifts, when an oil level 51 of a first oil pool (13) becomes equal to or lower than a specified level L, to an oil-equalizing operation in which a rotation speed of a first motor (12) is decreased only by a specified decrement and a rotation speed of a second motor (12) is increased by a specified increment, and an opening of a bypass valve (70) is increased so that a pressure or a temperature of a discharged refrigerant guided to a radiator (4) through a first pipe (3a) is kept approximately constant, and returns the rotation speeds of the first motor (11) and the second motor (12) as well as the opening of the bypass valve (70) to conditions before start of the oil-equalizing operation when a specified period of time has elapsed since the start of the oil-equalizing operation.

Abstract: The hybrid solar air-conditioning system includes an air intake having an air drying system that uses a liquid desiccant to dry ambient air, a desiccant regeneration system that uses a heat exchanger having oil heated by solar energy to remove water from the desiccant, an indirect evaporative air conditioner that uses an air-air heat exchanger to cool the dried air indirectly with evaporatively cooled air, a distilled water recovery system to recover water from the desiccant and from the evaporatively cooled air in the form of distilled water, and a microprocessor-based controller to control room temperature and relative humidity, and to regulate air intake and the flow of desiccant and oil in the system. The hybrid system enables the use of evaporative cooling in regions having high humidity.

Abstract: Refrigerator ice cream showcase with reduced energetic consumption and with increased protection of the contained products, is provided with two thermo-insulating transparent panels (7) and (8) placed above basins (4) and (5), to which may be extended in order to cover the whole refrigerated place or superimposed towards the external edge to free the basins internal row and in this position, if required, can be raised by rotation, to keep accessible all the basins. The movements can be manually impressed or by motor means or actuators means.

Abstract: A refrigerating apparatus is provided with a cooling unit whose height is greater than width when installed; and a defrosting device for defrosting frost formed on the cooling unit by heat, the defrosting device being in a straight pipe form, wherein the defrosting device is provided in a vertical direction on a side of the cooling unit. By providing the defrosting device in a straight pipe form in the vertical direction on the side of the cooling unit that is long in a longitudinal direction, it is possible to increase the length of the defrosting device and to lower a surface temperature of the defrosting device. Further, as the defrosting device is long, an amount of heat generation is large and defrosting efficiency is high. Moreover, it is possible to manufacture the defrosting device at a low cost as the defrosting device is in a straight pipe form.

Abstract: To provide a refrigerating cycle apparatus capable of improving cooling ability by water spray to perform an efficient operation while suppressing decrease in collected power by an expander. The refrigerating cycle apparatus includes: a first compressor that compresses the refrigerant; an expander that decompresses and expands the refrigerant to collect power for expansion; a second compressor that is driven by the power collected by the expander to further compresses the refrigerant compressed by the first compressor to transmit it to a main radiator; a heat exchanger having an intercooler that cools the refrigerant compressed by the first compressor and a main radiator that cools the refrigerant compressed by the second heat exchanger to transmit it to the expander; indoor heat exchangers that heat the refrigerant decompressed by the expander; and a water spray apparatus that sprays water onto the outer surface of the intercooler and the main radiator.

Abstract: An appliance including an ice manipulation reservoir capable of receiving ice having a base, wherein the base includes a first level and a second level, with the first level descending gradually to the second level. A first ice modification member is disposed inside the ice manipulation reservoir adjacent the first level of the base, and a second ice modification member is disposed inside the ice manipulation reservoir adjacent the second level of the base. A motor is operably connected with the ice manipulation reservoir and includes an output shaft. An impeller is connected with the output shaft proximate to the plurality of ice modification members, with the impeller being operable between a first directional rotation, and a second directional rotation.

Abstract: An appliance including a module-receiving cavity disposed in the appliance. Also included is a removable module disposed in the module-receiving cavity, and at least one ice modification member disposed inside the removable module. A motor is operably connected with the removable module and includes an output shaft that extends into the removable module. An impeller is connected with the output shaft proximate to the at least one ice modification member, the impeller being operable between a first ice manipulating condition defined by a first directional rotation of the impeller, and a second ice manipulating condition defined by a second directional rotation of the impeller. An ice chute is located proximate the ice modification member for dispensing ice.

Abstract: A heat pump comprising at least two devices for displacement of droplets of liquid by electro-wetting, where one comprises a control unit such that it forms a compressor (18) of the pneumatic fluid confined between the droplets of liquid, where the other comprises a control unit such that it forms an expander (22) to expand the pneumatic fluid confined between the droplets of liquid, where the high-pressure end of the compressor (18) is connected to the high-pressure end of the expander (22) through a thermal exchanger (20) of a hot source (SC), and where the low-pressure end of the expander (22) is connected to the low-pressure end of the compressor (18) through a thermal exchanger (16) with a cold source (SF), and where the unit formed by the compressor (18), the expander (22), and the thermal exchangers (16, 20) forms a single channel.

Abstract: A water circulation apparatus performs a variety of heat exchange operations for various refrigerants. The apparatus may be applied for a first refrigerant system having a first compressor and first heat-exchanger and a second refrigerant system having a second compressor. An intermediate heat-exchanger performs heat-exchange operations between first and second refrigerants flowing in respective ones of the systems. A water circulator is then used to circulate water which is heat-exchanged with the second refrigerant while the water is circulated. The apparatus performs these functions for operating modes which include a heating mode and a cooling mode. Defrosting operations are also performed for one or more of the heat exchangers.

Abstract: An automated plate freezer assembly apparatus includes a hopper mounted above at least one freezer plate unit with the hopper able to pass food material from the hopper to the freezer plate unit. The freezer plate unit has a cooling device for freezing the food material and a heating device so that, upon the completion of freezing, frozen blocks of material are able to be gravitationally removed from the plate freezer assembly apparatus.

Abstract: An ice dispenser for a refrigerator is provided. The ice dispenser includes an ice storage container housing and an ice generator having a hollow mold which is filled with water. The ice storage container housing and the ice generator are combined into one modular unit.

Abstract: A refrigerator including a cabinet having a cabinet door pivotally connected thereto. A primary ice bin is disposed on one of the cabinet and the cabinet door and includes a primary gate operable between a closed position and an open position. A secondary ice bin is disposed on the other of the cabinet and the cabinet door. The secondary ice bin includes a secondary gate operable between a closed position and an open position. The secondary gate operably engages with the primary gate to form an ice overflow route when the primary gate and the secondary gate are in the open position. An ice maker is disposed inside the cabinet and adapted to dispense ice into the primary ice storage bin.

Abstract: A refrigerator having an ice-cube maker is provided. The refrigerator includes a collection container to collect the pieces of ice produced by the ice-cube maker. The collection container has a panel and is removable from the refrigerator. The refrigerator further includes an ice-cube production apparatus associated with the collection container and a cover which blocks access, at a front side, to the ice-cube production apparatus. The cover is rearwardly offset in relation to the panel of the collection container.

Abstract: The present invention solves a problem that the registration of screw holes for mounting fan panels on a front plate is practically solved. A fan mechanism includes fan units having fan panels, motors mounted inwardly of said fan panels, and fans positioned inwardly of the fan panels and driven by the motors. A pair of vertical rails is mounted on both sides of each of discharge openings inwardly of the front plate so that the inner portions thereof face each other, and panel retainers are attached inwardly to the lower portions of the discharge openings. Press portions are formed at upper portions of both sides of the fan panels. Both sides of each fan panel are pushed down into the vertical rails downward from above while being guided by the pair of vertical rails, the lower edge of the fan panel rides on the panel retainer, and the press portions are pushed down into the vertical rails, so that the fan panel is pressed against the inside of the front plate.

Abstract: There is provided a duct type air conditioner that solves problems of assembling properties and serviceability. The duct type air conditioner includes a front plate formed with a discharge duct mounting frame outwardly thereof so as to surround discharge openings, a fan mechanism mounted inwardly of the front plate by way of a fan panel interposed therebetween, a back plate formed with a suction duct mounting frame outwardly thereof so as to surround the suction opening, and a heat exchanger mounted inwardly of the back plate so as to face the fan mechanism. The fan mechanism includes two fan units having separate fan panels such as formed by dividing a fan panel into two panels, motors mounted on the respective separate fan panels, and fans positioned inwardly of the separate fan panels and driven by the motors. The respective fan units are mounted inwardly of the front plate by attaching the respective fan panels to the front plate on the inside thereof.

Abstract: Even in the case of drop accident occurring due to a certain cause during transport or the like, it is intended by the present invention that any deformation of a motor support or a fan panel will not occur. A fan mechanism includes fan units having fan panels disposed vertically, motor supports mounted inwardly of said fan panels, motors mounted on said motor supports so that output shafts of the motors are parallel to the surfaces of the fan panels, fans positioned inwardly of said fan panels and driven by the motors, and spacers mounted to the motor supports so as to be positioned between the motor supports and a top plate or a bottom plate that serves as a bottom during conveyance.

Abstract: Holder (1) for a sample to be cooled to a low temperature in a vacuum space, comprising a carrier body (2) for carrying the sample in thermal contact and contact means (3, 4, 5) for bringing the carrier body into thermal contact with a cooling body to be brought to the low temperature, wherein the contact means can be switched between a first mode, in which there is no thermal contact between the carrier body and the cooling body, and a second mode in which there is thermal contact between the carrier body and the cooling body, and a probe for inserting into a vacuum space in a refrigerator such a holder for a sample to be cooled to a low temperature in this vacuum space, and a refrigerator, in particular a 3He-4He dilution refrigerator, adapted to accommodate such a probe.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable capacity type rotary compressor (1), a cooling apparatus having the same, and an operation method thereof, wherein in the variable capacity type rotary compressor (1) and the cooling apparatus having the same, a discharge pressure to be supplied to a rear side of a second vane (430) disposed in the compressor (1) is supplied after being higher than a reference pressure, so that the compressor (1) can be switched from a saving mode into a power mode, whereby the second vane (430) can be press-contacted with a second rolling piston (420) with fast and accurately moving without vibration, resulting in preventing beforehand noise occurrence or efficiency degradation due to the vibration of the second vane (430) when the compressor (1) or the cooling apparatus having the compressor (1) is operated in the power mode.

Abstract: Provided is an inexpensive and compact cooling device which does not increase the circulation resistance of a refrigerant, filling quantity of a refrigerant in a natural circulation circuit wherein natural convection of the refrigerant is caused by using a thermo-siphon, and cross-sectional areas of individual passages while maintaining a desired cooling efficiency in the circuit. A secondary cooling device (40) includes a secondary heat exchange section (42) of a cascade heat exchanger (HE) which liquifies a gaseous-phase secondary refrigerant, and an evaporator (EP) which vaporizes a liquid-phase secondary refrigerant. The secondary cooling device (40) is provided with a plurality of natural circulation circuits (48) equipped with liquid pipings (44) and gas pipings (46) which connect the secondary heat exchange section (42) and the evaporator (EP). The evaporator (EP) has evaporation passages (52) of the natural circulation circuits (48) provided in layers vertically apart from one another.

Abstract: In an evaporator constituting part of a vehicular air conditioning apparatus, a first cooling section that faces a first front passage, and a second cooling section that faces a first rear passage are provided. At a boundary portion between the first cooling section and the second cooling section, a partition member constituted by a filled and hardened packing agent is formed. The partition member is formed so as to fill spaces, which are located between first fins that constitute the first cooling section and second fins that constitute the second cooling section. Air that flows through the first cooling section and air that flows through the second cooling section do not mix together in the interior of the evaporator by the partition member.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing purified natural gas from feed natural gas comprising water and carbon dioxide, the process comprising the steps of: (a) removing water from the feed natural gas to obtain natural gas depleted in water and comprising carbon dioxide; (b) contacting the natural gas obtained in step (a) with solid sorbent comprising a metal organic framework to remove at least part of the carbon dioxide, thereby obtaining the purified natural gas.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of obtaining carbon dioxide from a CO2-containing gas mixture. The methods combine the benefits of gas membrane separation with cryogenic temperatures.

Abstract: A process and to an apparatus for the generation and separation of a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for treating hydrogen sulfide rich sour gas through a series of fractionation columns. The processes disclosed herein and the variations thereof provide optimized processes for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from sour gas through the introduction of innovative azeotrope breakers, novel configurations of process equipment, and optimized operating conditions. Advantages of certain embodiments of the present invention include reduced equipment requirements, improved process efficiencies, reduced operating costs, and reduced capital costs. Other advantages include better process suitability to certain environmental conditions such as the arctic cold when compared to conventional amine treatment processes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an oxygen product in which air is separated in an installation including air separation units having higher and lower pressure columns. A pumped liquid stream generated within the installation, that can be a pumped liquid oxygen stream, is warmed within a main heat exchanger through indirect heat exchange with a compressed air stream to produce a liquid air stream. An impure oxygen stream is rectified within an auxiliary column to produce an oxygen containing stream that is introduced into the lower pressure column of each of the air separation units and intermediate liquid streams, composed of the liquid air stream or another air-like stream, reflux the lower pressure columns and the auxiliary column and optionally the higher pressure column of each of the air separation units.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an oxygen product in which air is separated in an installation including one or more air separation units having higher and lower pressure columns. An exhaust stream produced from a turboexpander and optionally an impure oxygen stream such as that derivable from higher pressure column bottoms is rectified within an auxiliary column to produce an oxygen containing stream that is introduced into the lower pressure column of each of the air separation units to increase the capacity of such columns. The pressure within the auxiliary column is set by the pressure of the exhaust stream such that a nitrogen-rich vapor stream extracted from the top of the auxiliary column can be used in regenerating adsorbent within a pre-purification unit utilized in connection with the installation.

Abstract: To provide a bonded glass cutting method whereby it is possible to suppress an occurrence of a crush or chipping when bonded glass is cut, and cut the bonded glass into pieces of a predetermined size, a package manufacturing method, a package, a piezoelectric vibrator, an oscillator, an electronic device, and an atomic timepiece. A bonded glass cutting method includes a scribing step, which irradiates a lid substrate wafer with a laser beam with a wavelength absorbed by a wafer bonded body along outlines, thus forming scribe lines on the lid substrate wafer, and a breaking step which, by cutting the wafer bonded body by applying a fracture stress to the scribe lines, dices the wafer bonded body into a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators, wherein a cutting step is carried out in a condition in which the wafer bonded body is placed on silicon rubber, and an outside end face of the lid substrate wafer is caused to face the silicon rubber.

Abstract: A method of controlling blister formation in a glass melt flowing through a system comprising one or more refractory metal vessels by developing a blister index and determining the critical blister index value. The critical value of the blister index may be used to control the principal variables responsible for blister formation, including the water content of the melt, the concentration of reduced multivalent oxide compounds in the melt, and the hydrogen partial pressure of an atmosphere in contact with the outside surface of the refractory metal vessel. Also disclosed is a minimum partial pressure of hydrogen necessary to produce an essentially blister-free glass article in a glass essentially free of arsenic and antimony.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing ceramic microspheres from industrial slag. The microspheres have a particle size of about 38 microns to about 150 microns. The microspheres are used to create a cement slurry having a density of at least about 11 lbs/g. The resultant cement slurry may then be used to treat subterranean wells.

Abstract: True time delay silica waveguides and related fabrication methods are disclosed. Also disclosed are true time delay silica waveguides comprising wedged silica structures.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an optical fiber includes: disposing an axially extending preform structure on a support structure; directing a gas mixture along a major axis of the preform structure in a first axial direction; disposing a heating device proximate to the preform structure; and activating the heating device and moving the heating device along the major axis in a second axial direction to heat the preform structure and deposit at least one layer of material on the preform structure, the second axial direction being opposite to the first axial direction.

Abstract: A crochet galloon machine needle (26) in accordance with the invention is provided on its hook outside (39) with a guide projection (40) having a tip (43) that is preferably located above the center axis (A) of the needle (26). This needle (26) has an enlarged weft thread capture range and is thus particularly suitable for the manufacture of dense knitted goods. In addition, said needle enables the operation with reduced take-off tension and, optionally, also with reduced weft thread tension. This helps increase the service life of all system components.