Abstract: Nanoelectromechanical devices use a cantilevered beam supported by a base. The cantilevered beam is constructed with a nanoscale gap (e.g., less than 10 nm) separating the cantilevered beam from an electrical structure. A low voltage (e.g., less than 2 volts) applied to the cantilevered beam can cause the beam to bend and make contact with the electrical structure. High switching speeds (e.g., less than 10 ns) can be provided. The electrical structure can be a second cantilevered beam or another structure.

Abstract: A device has a micro electromechanical structure (10) with a first arm (102), at least one second arm (104a, b) connected to each other via a connection (100). Both arms (102, 104a, b) and the connection (100) are preferably made of a single crystalline body. The first and second arm (102, 104a, b) have end portions attached to a substrate, but otherwise the arms and their connection are free to move relative to the substrate. The first and second arm (102, 104a, b) extending from the end portions to the connection (100) along different directions, preferably perpendicularly to each other. An electrode (12) is provided on the substrate, adjacent to the micro electromechanical structure (10) to excite vibration of the structure. The two arms in different directions make it possible to reduce the nonlinearity of the stiffness during vibrations of the structure.

Abstract: A press-key with low light diffusing design, adapted to be received inside a frame of a keyboard, is disclosed, which comprises: a substrate; a keycap, formed with a light-transmissive part, being mounted on the substrate while enabling the same to move vertically up and down in relative to the substrate; a light-emitting unit, disposed inside the keycap at a position below the light-transmissive part; and a light mask, made of an opaque material and being formed as an upward-extending wall surrounding the circumference of the light-emitting unit while allowing an opening to be formed on top thereof at a position corresponding to the light-transmissive part and thus allowing the light emitted from the light-emitting unit to be projected out of the light mask only through the opening of the same and thus to be emanating out of the keycap only through the light-transmissive part.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a cam disc and to a spring deflection switch having a cam disc for a spring-loaded drive, wherein the cam disc includes a first, second and third circumferential region, each having at least one corresponding radial extension, for actuating a pushbutton including a switching hysteresis. The at least one second radial extension is larger than the at least one third radial extension, which in turn is larger than the at least one first radial extension. The pushbutton can interact with the cam disc in the spring deflection switch such that when the pushbutton is applied by the first circumferential region, the switching contact assumes a first switching position, and when the pushbutton is applied by the second circumferential region, the switching contact assumes a second switching position, and when the pushbutton is applied by the third circumferential region, the switching contact remains in the switching position assumed earlier.

Abstract: The invention relates to an emergency switch that includes a body receiving a mobile member capable of translation and capable, under the effect of an axial pressure through a mushroom member, of moving from an extended position into a retracted position. Each of the positions are indexed by a blocking device capable of interaction with an extended position notch and with a retracted position notch, the position change being managed by a guide. The body fixedly includes, in the inside thereof, a concentric bushing in which the mobile member is capable of axially moving and which includes a portion of the guide while the mobile member includes the other portion. The blocking device is made in the shape of a piece of material flexibly and elastically attached to the rest of the bushing via a blade.

Abstract: Provided herein is a power transmission mechanism of a four poles circuit breaker in which the contact points of a neutral pole thereof are brought into contact earlier at the time of closing and separated later at the time of opening than those of the other poles thereof, and according to the present invention, there is disclosed a power transmission mechanism of a four poles circuit breaker comprising: a switching shaft configured to provide a driving force for switching to the movable contactors of the poles; an arm provided to correspond to the four poles to transfer the rotational torque of the switching shaft; and a link configured to transfer the rotational torque of the arm to the movable contactor as a switching force, and provided to correspond to the four poles, wherein the sum of the length of the arm and the link in a neutral pole is longer than the sum of the length of the arm and the link in the poles excluding the neutral pole.

Abstract: The invention relates to a switching device comprising: —a first assembly (1) comprising an actuation member (10) that can take a rest position and an actuation position; —a second assembly (2) mounted on the first assembly (1) and comprising a mobile bridge (22) bearing mobile contacts (221) actuated with respect to fixed contacts (201) between an opening position and a closing position so as to respectively open or close an electrical circuit according to the position of the actuation member (10), in which: —the mobile bridge (22) is actuatable in rotation about an axis of rotation (A) and can take a third position so as to open the electrical circuit when the first assembly (1) is mechanically disconnected from the second assembly (2).

Abstract: A key switch structure capable of reducing the height of a key switch, reducing the number of components, and reducing manufacturing costs. The key switch structure includes: a key top; first and second linking mechanisms and adapted to support the key top; a membrane sheet having a contact point portion; a back plate disposed below the membrane sheet and having a function to guide light; and an LED sheet having an LED as a light emitting element disposed thereon, wherein the LED is disposed to be adjacent to the back plate.

Abstract: A thin illuminated keyboard comprises at least one keycap, an upper light guide plate and a lower light guide plate. The upper and lower light guide plates have respectively a first light guide layer and a second light guide layer opposing each other. The first and second light guide layers have respectively a first circuit layer and a second circuit layer laid on the opposing surfaces thereof. The first and second light guide layers also have respectively a first mask layer and a second reflection layer on the sides opposite to the first and second circuit layers to form an optical passage therebetween. The first mask layer has at least one light penetration zone receiving light from the optical passage. The light is transmitted and confined in the optical passage between the first and second light guide layers, and condensed to project to the keycap through the light penetration zone.

Abstract: A distilling machine able to produce distilled water with mineral substance includes a cover body provided inside with a condensation tube filled therein with ore grains composed of various kinds of ores ground into powder, mixed and compressed into particles. Thus, when unboiled water is poured into a heating device of the distilling machine to be heated to boil and form steam, the steam will flow through the condensation tube to be combined with the mineral substance of the ore grains therein. Simultaneously, external cold air will be sucked by a fan in the cover body to flow into the cover body to lower the temperature of the steam and condense the steam into water drops, and then the water drops containing mineral substance will be collected in a water-reserving bucket.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and a process that can be used to remove sulfur dioxide other environmentally hazardous contaminants from a gaseous waste stream while at the same time providing a source of purified water. The process can be used for the desalination of sea or brackish water, or for the concentration of contaminated waste water. The method comprises feeding a gaseous waste stream that comprises sulfur dioxide into a diffusion tower. Feed water is sprayed onto a packing material in the diffusion tower to form a thin film of feed water on a surface of the packing material. Sulfur dioxide diffuses into the thin film of feed water to form water that contains sulfur dioxide. The gaseous waste stream is simultaneously humidified. The humidified gaseous waste stream is then subjected to direct contact condensation to obtain purified water.

Abstract: A method of treating a coal-derived liquid byproduct from a coal gasification process includes subjecting the coal-derived liquid to a vacuum distillation process, thereby separating the coal-derived liquid into condensed gas and coal-derived liquid bottoms. The coal-derived liquid bottoms are mixed with a bottoms solvent capable of dissolving the coal-derived liquid bottoms. The solvent/bottoms mixture is introduced along with a linear chain hydrocarbon solvent into a liquid extractor. The Raffinate is separated from the solvent for the coal-derived liquid/bottoms mixture, thereby producing in a heavy extract. The condensed gas is subjected to atmospheric distillation producing a bottoms fraction and another condensed fraction. The bottoms fraction may be used as fuel or for diesel fuel production. The condensed fraction is extracted with a linear hydrocarbon solvent in an extractor to produce light neutral oil and a Raffinate which is a cresylic acid feed stock.

Abstract: Apparatus and processes for continuous distillative separation of a mixture comprising one or more alkanolamine(s), wherein the separation is performed in one or more dividing wall column(s) and the alkanolamine or the alkanolamines is/are withdrawn as a side draw stream or side draw streams (side fraction(s)).

Abstract: Advantageous microwave-assisted methods for synthesis of fluorinated phthalocyanines are provided. The microwave-assisted methods offer enhanced yields, substantially eliminate reaction solvents, and facilitate purification relative to conventional synthesis techniques. Typical implementation involve a reaction mixture that includes perfluoro-phthalonitrile that is reacted in a vessel with application of microwave energy for a reaction period sufficient to yield a fluorinated phthalocyanine. The fluorinated phthalocyanines synthesized according to the disclosed microwave-assisted methods have wide ranging applications, e.g., corrosion-related applications, coating-related applications, catalysis, and the production of optical and electronic materials.

Abstract: [Object]To provide a manufacturing method of an optical filter having favorable film quality by removing a foreign substance adhered onto a surface of a substrate by cleaning before a thin film is formed. [Solution] By performing a cleaning step P1 for cleaning a substrate S by means of a solution including water, a pre-treatment step P3 for plasma-treating a surface of the substrate S cleaned in the cleaning step P1 by plasma of an oxygen gas, and a thin film formation step (P4, P5) for forming the thin film on the surface of the substrate S plasma-treated in the pre-treatment step P3, the foreign substance adhered onto the surface of the substrate can be effectively removed. In the pre-treatment step P3, only the oxygen gas is introduced to an area where the plasma is generated, and a flow rate of the oxygen gas to be introduced is greater than a flow rate of the oxygen gas introduced in the thin film formation step.

Abstract: Provided is a sputtering apparatus which can form a multilayer film giving high productivity and with less spiral pattern by effective use of targets, and a method of forming multilayer film using the apparatus. An embodiment is a multilayer-film sputtering apparatus comprising: a rotatable cathode unit (30) having cathodes (7a and 7b) arranged on the same circumference with respect to the rotational center, and having a power-supply mechanism for supplying power to each cathode; a sensor (14) for detecting the position of cathode; and a rotation mechanism for rotating the cathode unit (30).

Abstract: There are disclosed a material of an electrode for electrolysis which can highly efficiently generate an ozone water by the electrolysis of water, an electrode for electrolysis, and a manufacturing method of the electrode for electrolysis. The material of the electrode for electrolysis which is an alloy comprising platinum and silver and having a concentration of silver from 1 wt % or more to 50 wt % or less is used as a surface layer formed on the surface of a base member, whereby in the electrolysis by the electrode for electrolysis, active oxygen species such as ozone and OH radicals can efficiently be generated with a low current density.

Abstract: A method for producing a transparent and conductive metal oxide layer on a substrate, includes atomizing at least one component of the metal oxide layer by highly ionized, high power pulsed magnetron sputtering to condense on the substrate. The pulses of the magnetron have a peak power density of more than 1.5 kW/cm2, the pulses of the magnetron have a duration of ?200 ?s, and the average increase in current density during ignition of the plasma within an interval, which is ?0.025 ms, is at least 106 A/(ms cm2).

Abstract: A device for the dip painting of a body part with a basin for receiving a coating liquid has two parallel guides for guiding the body part and an anode body. The body part is connected to a cathode of a direct voltage source and the anode body to an anode of the direct voltage source. The anode body in position and spacing is assigned to the body part and guided through the basin with the body part. Because of this, adequate coating is ensured also in hollow spaces of the body part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system that consists of a very efficient and optimized photovoltaic power supply that can be added as a complement to an on-demand hydrogen production assistance, power, and electricity unit as well as outputs adapted for a direct use. The system includes photovoltaic elements containing nano-crystalline polymers for forming super-efficient photovoltaic cells, and is paired with a cryogenic storage unit or assistance hydride storage unit or is used as a separate backup unit controlled by a driving system (FIG. 4). The system has a modular arrangement (FIG. 6), is intelligent (FIG. 5), has a high power output (FIG. 2a) and uses nanotechnologies (FIG. 1). Multiple choices are made available to the user in order to obtain a production contingent with the needs or a variable energy flow rate (FIG. 6) for hybrid, electric, or all-hydrogen vehicles or for low-consumption houses for direct use (FIG. 3).

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide methods and systems for manufacturing faster charging, higher capacity energy storage devices that are smaller, lighter, and can be more cost effectively manufactured at a higher production rate. In one embodiment, a graded cathode structure is provided. The graded cathode structure comprises a conductive substrate, a first porous layer comprising a first cathodically active material having a first porosity formed on the conductive substrate, and a second porous layer comprising a second cathodically active material having a second porosity formed on the first porous layer. In certain embodiments, the first porosity is greater than the second porosity. In certain embodiments, the first porosity is less than the second porosity.

Abstract: Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate.

Abstract: An exemplary system for sputtering deposition includes a sputtering chamber and a gas supplying system. The sputtering chamber includes a first sputtering space and a second sputtering space isolated from the first sputtering space. Each of the first and second sputtering spaces is configured for receiving a target and a substrate therein. The gas supplying system includes a reactive gas source, an inert gas source, a first chamber in communication with the reactive gas source and the inert gas source, and a second chamber in communication with the inert gas source. Both the first and second chambers are in communication with the first and second sputtering spaces through valves.

Abstract: A sputtering system is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for treatment of a sample for the manufacture of integrated circuits includes a holder apparatus and a stage which is coupled to the holder apparatus. The stage is capable of holding a portion of a sample to be analyzed. The apparatus also includes a shield that is operably coupled to the stage to block a portion of the sample. The shield is capable of movement relative to the sample to block one or more portions of the sample. The shield is provided on a track member and is movable from a first spatial location to a second spatial location on the track member. The apparatus further includes an enclosure surrounding an entirety of the sample and the shield.

Abstract: The process that is the subject of this invention is a method of making a rotary sputtering target having the steps of providing a cylinder of sputtering target material having an adhesion-wetting layer on its inside surface; providing a stainless steel sputtering target backing tube having an outside diameter smaller than the sputtering target material inside diameter, the backing tube having an adhesion-wetting layer on its outside surface; welding an upper and lower stainless steel retaining ring to the backing tube adjacent to the sputtering target material so that the target material is in compression and the backing tube in tension; and introducing molten bonding material into the annulus between the backing tube and the sputtering target material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nitrogen-oxide gas sensor that is able to measure nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide at the same time and ensure measurement accuracy and long stability. The present invention relates to the nitrogen-oxide gas sensor that includes: an oxide ion conductive solid electrolyte; a primary film made of a metal oxide which contacts the solid electrolyte; a secondary film made of a metal oxide that contacts with the solid electrolyte and is separated from the first film; a power source that applies electric power to the primary and secondary films by electrically connecting a primary node to the primary film and a secondary node to the secondary film; a tertiary film made of a metal oxide that contacts the solid electrolyte, wherein the tertiary film and the primary film are connected to the power source in parallel; and a measurement unit that measures the electric potential difference between the primary and secondary nodes.

Abstract: A nitrogen-oxide gas sensor that is able to measure a nitric oxide and a nitrogen dioxide at the same time, and ensure sensing accuracy and stability over a long period of time. The nitrogen-oxide gas sensor includes: a first oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte; a first film contacting the first oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte and formed of a metal oxide; a second film contacting the first oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte and formed of a metal oxide; a power supply source for applying a current to the first and second films by electrically connecting a first node to the first film and a second node to the second film; a measurement unit for measuring an electric potential difference between the first and second nodes; and a temperature adjustment unit for uniformly maintaining a temperature of at least one of the first and second films.

Abstract: From an environmental, safety and economic perspective water should be the solvent of choice for electrophoretic deposition under industrial circumstances. However, because of the electrolytic decomposition of water, the majority of EPD is carried out in non-aqueous solvents. Approaches of the art for aqueous deposition involve the separation of the reaction and deposition front by means of a membrane, the use of palladium electrodes to absorb the formed hydrogen, addition of chemicals to suppress the electrolysis reaction, or lowering voltages below the threshold for water electrolysis. With the first two solutions, the production of coatings is impractical since the deposit is not formed on the electrode, or the electrode material is not suitable since the substrate is usually prescribed by the application. The use of specialty chemicals is expensive and difficult to control.

Abstract: A microfluidically-controlled transmission mode nanoscal surface plasmonics sensor device comprises one or more arrays of aligned nanochannels in fluid communication with inflowing and outflowing fluid handling manifolds that control the flow of fluid through the array(s). Fluid comprising a sample for analysis is moved from an inlet manifold, through the nanochannel array, and out through an exit manifold. The fluid may also contain a reagent used to modify the interior surfaces of the nanochannels, and/or a reagent required for the detection of an analyte.

Abstract: A filter includes a membrane having a plurality of nanochannels formed therein. Functionalized nanoparticles are deposited through self assembly onto surfaces defining the nanochannels so as to decrease the final diameter of the membrane. Methods for making and using the filter are also provided.

Abstract: A dielectrophoretic particle concentrator includes first substrate, detection electrodes, second substrate, protrudent structure and edge wall structures. The first substrate extends along first direction. The detection electrodes are disposed on the first substrate and extend along second direction. The second direction crosses the first direction. The second substrate is disposed over the first substrate and extends along the first direction. The protrudent structure is disposed on the second substrate and protruded towards the first substrate. A top portion of the protrudent structure includes a line-like structure extending along the second direction and adjacent to the detection electrodes. The edge wall structures are integrated with the first substrate and the second substrate, to form pipe-like structure to enable a fluid flowing through the protrudent structure from an end to another end.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for analyzing the composition of a heteropolymer comprising a carbon nanotube through which the heteropolymer is driven by electrophoresis. The carbon nanotube also serves as one electrode in a reading circuit. One end of the carbon nanotube is held in close proximity to a second electrode, and each end of the carbon nanotube is functionalized with flexibly-tethered chemical-recognition moieties, such that one will bind one site on the emerging polymer, and the second will bind another site in close proximity, generating an electrical signal between the two electrodes when the circuit is completed by the process of chemical recognition.

Abstract: A tin-plated steel sheet includes a steel sheet; an Sn-containing plating layer in which the mass per unit area of Sn is 0.05 to 20 g/m2 disposed on at least one surface of the steel sheet; a first chemical conversion coating which contains P and Sn, in which the mass per unit area of P is 0.3 to 10 mg/m2, disposed on the Sn-containing plating layer; and a second chemical conversion coating which contains P and Al, in which the mass per unit area of P is 1.2 to 10 mg/m2 and the mass per unit area of Al is 0.24 to 8.7 mg/m2, disposed on the first chemical conversion coating.

Abstract: The plating method comprises the step of forming a resin layer 10 over a substrate 16; the step of cutting the surface part of the resin layer 10 with a cutting tool 12; the step of forming a seed layer 36 on the resin layer 10 by electroless plating; and the step of forming a plating film 44 on the seed layer 36 by electroplating. Suitable roughness can be give to the surface of the resin layer 10, whereby the adhesion between the seed layer 36 and the resin layer 10 can be sufficiently ensured. Excessively deep pores are not formed in the surface of the resin layer 10 as are by desmearing treatment, whereby a micronized pattern of a photoresist film 40 can be formed on the resin layer 10. Thus, interconnections 44, etc. can be formed over the resin layer 10 at a narrow pitch with high reliability ensured.

Abstract: An improved Ni—Zn cell with a negative electrode substrate plated with tin or tin and zinc during manufacturing has a reduced gassing rate. The copper or brass substrate is electrolytic cleaned, activated, electroplated with a matte surface to a defined thickness range, pasted with zinc oxide electrochemically active material, and baked. The defined plating thickness range of 40-80 ?In maximizes formation of an intermetallic compound Cu3Sn that helps to suppress the copper diffusion from under plating layer to the surface and eliminates formation of an intermetallic compound Cu6Sn5 during baking to provide adequate corrosion resistance during battery operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte for the electrochemical deposition of palladium or palladium alloys on metallic or conductive substrates. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding electroplating process using this electrolyte and specific palladium salts which can be advantageously used in this process.

Abstract: A threshold agent composition and methods of using the same to produce hypochlorite and other effluent streams from an electrochemical cell without the detrimental effects of hard water scaling are disclosed. The invention further discloses use of chemistries to prevent hard water scale formation in various electrochemical cells to enhance cell longevity without decreasing chlorine, hypochlorite or other effluent production.

Abstract: A process for preparing sucrose-6-ester is provided, which comprises electrolyzing an electrolyte solution containing sucrose, an acylating reagent and a halide catalyst. Also disclosed is a process for preparing sucralose, which involves the preparation and chlorination of sucrose-6-ester followed by deacylation of the molecule. The process of the invention can be more readily performed with a higher yield than those in the art.

Abstract: A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.

Abstract: Delivery mechanisms for dispersing a pathogen disinfectant liquid into the air or onto a surface are disclosed. There is an apparatus including a container comprising a sunlight-resistant compartment containing a pathogen disinfectant liquid, a propellant, and an actuator coupled to a valve for opening and closing the valve, wherein opening of the valve causes the propellant to move at least a portion of the pathogen disinfectant liquid through an orifice in the container. Also disclosed are a system and method for dispersing a pathogen disinfectant liquid into the air in an indoor environment where a pathogen disinfectant liquid is dispersed into circulating air in a HVAC system to disinfect the air in the indoor environment. Further disclosed is an apparatus for dispersing a pathogen disinfectant liquid into the air from a cartridge through the use of an automotive lighter receptacle or USB port.

Abstract: A single anode system used in multiple electrochemical treatments to control steel corrosion in concrete. The anode system comprises a sacrificial metal that is capable of supporting high impressed anode current densities with an impressed current anode connection detail and a porous embedding material containing an electrolyte. Initially current is driven from the sacrificial metal (1) to the steel (10) using a power source (5) for converting oxygen and water (14) into hydroxyl ions (15) on the steel and drawing chloride ions (16) into the porous material (2) around the anode such that corroding sites are moved from the steel to the anode restoring steel passivity and activating the anode. Cathodic prevention is then applied. This is preferably a sacrificial cathodic prevention which is applied by disconnecting the power source and connecting the activated sacrificial node directly to the steel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for carbon dioxide seperation and capture. The system includes a porous metal membrane comprising Ni, Ag, or combinations thereof and having molten carbonate within the pores. A CO2 containing flue gas input stream is separated from a reactant gas input stream by the membrane. The CO2 is removed from the flue gas input stream as it contacts the membrane resulting in a CO2 free flue gas output stream and a CO2 containing reactant gas output stream.

Abstract: A gas sensor control apparatus including internal resistance detection means for detecting an internal resistance value of one of cells of a gas sensor, concentration detection means for detecting a concentration value of a specific gas component in a gas to be measured and outputting the detected concentration value, heater current supply control means for controlling a current to be supplied to a heater of the gas sensor such that the detected internal resistance value becomes a target value, determination means for determining whether or not the detected internal resistance value is within a permissible range including the target value, nullification information generation means for generating nullification information to nullify the detected concentration value, when it is determined that the target value is out of the permissible range, and nullification information output means for outputting the nullification information to an external device connected to the gas sensor control apparatus.

Abstract: A gas sensor control apparatus including internal resistance detection means for detecting an internal resistance value of one of cells of a gas sensor, concentration detection means for detecting a concentration value of a specific gas component in a gas to be measured and outputting the detected concentration value, heater current supply control means for controlling a current to be supplied to a heater of the gas sensor such that the detected internal resistance value becomes a target value, determination means for determining whether or not the detected internal resistance value is within a permissible range including the target value, and nullification setting means for setting the detected concentration value to a predetermined nullification concentration value to nullify the detected concentration value, when it is determined that the target value is out of the permissible range.

Abstract: One aspect concerns a technique for detecting analyte concentrations, such as glucose concentrations, in blood or other bodily fluids. This technique utilizes an electrochemical test strip that includes a mediator system that generates a linear faradic response at relatively low applied potential differences. An alternating current excitation signal is applied to blood in the test strip. The alternating current excitation signal includes a low frequency signal and a high frequency signal that has a higher frequency than the low frequency signal. The glucose concentration is determined by measuring a low frequency response to the low frequency signal, measuring a high frequency response to the high frequency signal, estimating the glucose concentration based on the low frequency response, and correcting the glucose concentration for one or more error-causing variables based on the high frequency response.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrochemical assay for a phenol analyte in a body fluid sample wherein said sample, or fluid therefrom, is contacted with the working electrode of an electrode assembly comprising a working electrode, a counter-electrode, a voltage supply to said working and counter-electrodes and a current meter for determining the current between said working and counter-electrodes, and wherein a first compound capable of reversible oxidation and reduction is disposed at said working electrode, said first compound being capable in either an oxidized or a reduced form of binding to said phenol analyte, characterized in that said first compound in its oxidized or reduced form comprises a group of structure I R1-NH—C*—(C*—C*)n—C*-QR? (I) (where n is 0 or 1; Q is 0, S, NH or NR?; C*—(C*—C*)n—C* is a two or four carbon string in a conjugated delocalised electron system optionally substituted by a group comprising R; R is an electron-donating or withdrawing substituent; and R? is H or a group R, at le

Abstract: A biosensor assembly includes a fluidic system. A biosensor is positioned for direct contact with a fluid as the fluid flows through the fluidic system. An electrostatic discharge (ESD) electrode provides ESD protection for the biosensor. The ESD electrode can be engaged while the fluidic system of the assembly is primed, and then disengaged to prevent leakage currents from the fluid while the biosensor is in operation.

Abstract: A blister packaging, in particular for dental implants, comprising a web structure to which a rear wall can be fastened in sealing fashion and a plastic film molded part that is made in a single piece together with the web structure, wherein the web structure is equipped with at least two support wings that are angled at about 90° with respect to the web structure and that extend along opposite sides of the web structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a self-adhesive notepaper holder, which combines at least a notepaper of different patterns, one is rolling notepaper and the other is draw-off notepaper; the holder is composed of symmetrical left and right casings with a hollow egg shape, wherein butt-jointed sleeves are set for fixation of the rolling notepaper, and butt-jointed slots are also arranged for embedding of the draw-off notepaper; moreover, two parallel supporting bars are arranged on the circumference of the holder for stable standing; a rectangular opening is used for output of rolling notepaper, with one side connected with a curved arc and several sawtooth structures, allowing easy draw off and tear off of the rolling notepaper; and a long notch is used for drawing off single piece of notepaper; this design is suitable for the office work with its diversified functions such as: recording, messaging and labeling.