Abstract: A method of determining one or more minimum rheological properties of a particle laden fluid is disclosed. The method includes determining one or more rheological properties of the fluid at a first shear rate, determining the settling velocity of the particles at the first shear rate, and obtaining a transport index for the fluid, the transport index indicating a relationship between the settling velocity and the one or more rheological properties.

Abstract: The viscometer provides a viscosity value (X?) which represents the viscosity of a fluid flowing in a pipe connected thereto. It comprises a vibratory transducer with at least one flow tube for conducting the fluid, which communicates with the pipe. Driven by an excitation assembly, the flow tube is vibrated so that friction forces are produced in the fluid. The viscometer further includes meter electronics which feed an excitation current (iexc) into the excitation assembly. By means of the meter electronics, a first internal intermediate value (X1) is formed, which corresponds with the excitation current (iexc) and thus represents the friction forces acting in the fluid. According to the invention, a second internal intermediate value (X2), representing inhomogeneities in the fluid, is generated in the meter electronics, which then determine the viscosity value (X?) using the two intermediate values (X1, X2).

Abstract: A composition comprising synthetic peptides for use as a peptide retention standard in liquid chromatography applications is disclosed Said synthetic peptides have a broad range of hydrophobicity while maintaining low variation in their molecular weights The synthetic peptides disclosed consist of the ammo acid sequences LGGGGGGDGSR, LGGGGGGDFR, LLGGGGDFG, LLLGGDFR, LLLLDFR, LLLLLDFR A method of predicting the hydrophobicity of an unknown peptide in liquid chromatography using a composition of peptide retention standards and a method of developing a Universal Hydrophobicity Index (UHI) for the measurement of peptide hydrophobicity in liquid chromatography are also described

Abstract: The present invention provides an analyzing system with which a serial analysis inclusive of a pretreatment can be easily performed in a liquid chromatograph, and even unskilled users can perform a desired analysis. The analyzing system according to the present invention includes: an edit screen display section 31 for displaying an edit screen for allowing a user to create a pretreatment program using an external variable; a batch table display section 32 for displaying a batch table used for serially executing a plurality of analyses, the batch table having an external-variable setting field for allowing the user to enter the aforementioned external variable; and a serial analysis execution section 33 for serially executing each of the analyses inclusive of a pretreatment operation of an auto-sampler according to the pretreatment program and the batch table.

Abstract: A fluid dispensing nozzle includes a removable valve subassembly that controls the flow of fluid and the recovery of fluid vapor through the body of the nozzle. The subassembly may be pre-assembled and installed within a nozzle body as a single unit. The nozzle may include a vacuum-driven automatic shut-off system which prevents fluid from flowing through the nozzle when the downstream end of the nozzle spout is submerged. The shutoff system may also be magnetically actuated to allow for dry testing in which the automatic shut-off functionality is testing without dispensation of fluid.

Abstract: When a wastegate valve, which opens and closes an exhaust bypass passage bypassing an exhaust turbine, is open, exhaust gases of respective cylinders bypass the exhaust turbine and pass a sensing point of an air-fuel ratio sensor downstream of the exhaust turbine. Accordingly, the exhaust gases of the respective cylinders can be avoided from being mixed by the exhaust turbine, so an influence of an inter-cylinder variation in an air-fuel ratio due to an inter-cylinder imbalance abnormality becomes apt to appear in an output waveform of the air-fuel ratio sensor. Therefore, existence or nonexistence of the inter-cylinder imbalance abnormality is determined based on the output of the air-fuel ratio sensor when the wastegate valve is open. Eventually, the existence or nonexistence of the inter-cylinder imbalance abnormality can be determined accurately, thereby improving detection accuracy of the inter-cylinder imbalance abnormality.

Abstract: The fundamental idea of the invention consists of the construction of the test device from a stationary inner basic structure (1, 7 to 11) that juts out from the wall of the test bench and houses the drive shaft (13) for the fan to be tested, from mobile, interchangeable external housing modules (18 to 24) which can be aligned in relation to one another by means of connected optical elements (32, 33), from interchangeable fittings (41 to 44, 48) for conducting air and noise reduction, in addition to interchangeable measuring devices (38 to 40) that are connected to a modular telemetry unit for determining performance data and aerodynamic and acoustic conditions required by the fan and the fittings.

Abstract: A brake test method is disclosed for use in testing the operation of a brake of a drive system comprising a motor operable to drive a pair of drive shaft arrangements for rotation, an inboard brake associated with the motor, a first outboard brake associated with an end part of a first one of the drive shaft arrangements, and first and second outboard position sensors associated with the end parts of respective ones of the drive shaft arrangements, the method comprising the steps of applying the first outboard brake, operating the motor to apply a torque to the first drive shaft arrangement, applying the inboard brake, de-activating the motor, and using the output of the second outboard position sensor in determining an operating status of the inboard brake and/or first outboard brake.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tire condition detection apparatus capable of detecting the condition of a tire with a high degree of precision. The tire condition detection apparatus detects the tire condition of a pneumatic tire fixed to a wheel, and has a vibration input section that inputs predetermined vibration to the tire, a frequency information acquisition section that acquires frequency information of the tire when the predetermined vibration is input, and a tire condition estimation section that extracts a resonance frequency of the tire from the acquired frequency information, and calculates a spring constant when the tire is modeled using an outer moment of inertia, an inner moment of inertia, and a spring constant of elastic force acting therebetween, from the extracted tire resonance frequency.

Abstract: A device for measuring the tire pressure in a pneumatic tire of a vehicle, having an electronic system housing which has an electronic system for measuring values, acted on by a tire valve, for the tire pressure, wherein the electronic system for measuring values is assigned a receiver arranged outside the pneumatic tire, and wherein the electronic system housing is arranged in the region of the rim well of a rim for the pneumatic tire and is indirectly or directly connected to the tire valve, wherein at least one spring element which is operatively connected to the rim well is provided on the electronic system housing.

Abstract: A combination of sensors are strategically placed along a pipeline to measure critical properties such as temperature and pressure of the flow product. The sensors are a combination of fiber optic sensing devices that are specifically designed to measure a range of properties within particular bandwidth, with a method to reduce light attenuation over the long pipeline distances. The pipeline is typically subsea and can range widely in diameter. In many cases the pipeline has a coating that acts as a barrier to the corrosive sea water and additional thermal barriers.

Abstract: Provided is a measuring apparatus with AE sensors, which detects the same AE signals with respect to the same events that damage a geotechnical structure, regardless of ground conditions and formations in the geotechnical structure, thereby collecting reliable AE signals. Also, provided is(are) an installing method of the measuring apparatus with the AE sensor, and a set of the measuring apparatus with the AE sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring snow depth includes a snow collector defining substantially vertically extending and opposing side walls. A plurality of light emitting devices equidistantly spaced in a substantially vertical manner is positioned along one side wall of the snow collector. A plurality of light sensors is equidistantly spaced in a substantially vertical manner along an opposite side wall of the snow collector. Each of the light sensors is optically aligned with a respective light emitting device for detecting light emitted from the light emitting device. A wireless transmitter is electronically coupled to the plurality of light sensors for transmitting signals regarding the state of the plurality of light sensors. A wireless receiver is configured for receiving the signals. A processor is programmed to receive the signals and determine and display a snow depth based on the signals.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an air data sensor that does not require an external input of a reference velocity as a Doppler LIDAR, has a function of autonomously determining the absolute airspeed, and has no position error.

Abstract: A metering apparatus for measuring the flow of water or other fluid through a conduit. The meter comprises a measuring chamber, in which is disposed a nutating ball and disc. A unitary biaxial member, comprising a drive shaft and a spindle having a longitudinal axis offset from that of the drive shaft, couples the ball and disc to a rotating magnet. The unitary biaxial member both controls the offset of the ball and disc from horizontal, such that it nutates in response to water flow through the meter, and translates this nutation to rotation of the magnet, allowing for measurement of water volume flowing through the measuring chamber.

Abstract: A fluid detector for determining a presence of a fluid within a container, the detector including a sensor assembly with a lens and a sensor element that outputs a first ultrasonic signal in response to an input electrical signal. A generally cylindrical wall extends outwardly from an outer surface of the container and defines a housing with a cylindrical central bore having a base surface. The sensor assembly is coupled to the lens so that the lens focuses the first ultrasonic signal toward the wall. The sensor assembly is positioned such that it receives a second ultrasonic signal from the wall that results from the first ultrasonic signal. The sensor assembly then generates an output electrical signal corresponding to the second ultrasonic signal.

Abstract: A method for operating a density measuring device having a measuring tube filled with the medium for determining the density of the medium, in which the measuring tube is incited to vibrate, the frequency of the vibration determined and the density of the medium being calculated from the determined frequency and other parameters which determine the physical-geometrical properties of the measuring tube. In particular, at least one mechanical stress of the measuring tube is determined, and with the obtained mechanical stress value, the influence of the mechanical stress of the measuring tube and/or the influence of the pressure in the medium on the determined density of the medium are or is—at least partially—taken into consideration or compensated.

Abstract: An angular rate sensor includes a metallic core board having a core meal layer made of a metal plate and a wiring layer including a wiring structure, a semiconductor device for detecting an angular rate fixed on the core metal layer, and a cap fixed to the wiring layer. The semiconductor device for detecting an angular rate is disposed in a hollow chamber formed by the cap and the metallic core board. The metallic core board, the semiconductor device, and the cap are molded with resin. Consequently, the angular rate sensor has a packaging structure in which electromagnetic noise resistance and moisture resistance are improved while stress applied to the semiconductor device for detecting an angular rate is reduced.

Abstract: A tri-axis accelerometer for use in seismic surveying is provided. The accelerometer comprises at least three fibre optic accelerometer elements which have respective fibre sensor coils, and which are characteristic in that the fibre sensor coils are coiled about a common coiling axis and at least one of the accelerometer elements is a slant angle accelerometer element. A corresponding method of manufacturing a tri-axis fibre optic accelerometer is also disclosed. A fibre optic tri-axis accelerometer for sensing acceleration in three directions is also provided, which comprises a first, a second, and a third sensor base, each base including a first, a second, and a third fixed element, respectively, and a first, a second, and a third movable element, respectively, each pair of fixed and movable elements carrying a fibre sensing coil.

Abstract: A MEMS or NEMS device for detecting a force following a given direction, comprising a support (4) and at least one seismic mass (2) capable of moving under the effect of the force to be measured in the direction of said force, and means (10) for detecting the movement of said seismic mass (2), said seismic mass being articulated relative to the support by at least one pivot link, and means capable of varying the distance between the axis (Z) of the pivot link and the center of gravity (G) of the exertion of the force on said seismic mass.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting mechanical displacement in a micro-electromechanical system includes a capacitor having first and second plates spaced from one another, the first and second plates having different work functions and being electrically connected with each other. The capacitor plates are movable with respect to one another such that a spacing between the plates changes in response to a force. A current through the capacitor represents a rate of change in the spacing between the plates at a given time.

Abstract: A micromechanical sensor having at least one movably mounted measuring element which is opposite at least one stationary electrode, the electrode being situated in a first plane, and being contacted by at least one printed conductor track which is situated in a second plane. A third plane is located between the first plane and the second plane, the third plane including an electrically conductive material.

Abstract: The structural integrity of a safe-life aircraft component on an aircraft is measured and assessed by a processing unit. The component includes a load-bearing metal element that is free from cracks. In the method, acoustic emissions generated in the metal element are converted into electronic signals. The acoustic emissions converted include relevant acoustic emissions resulting from changes in the structure of the element that make the element more susceptible to the formation of cracks. The electronic signals are set to a processing unit. The processing unit processes over time the signals in conjunction with stored reference data that allows a measure of the structural integrity to be made. Information providing a measure of the structural integrity of the aircraft component is outputted. Thus, deterioration of the structure of the component can be detected and monitored before a crack occurs.

Abstract: The usefulness and sensitivity of a hearing-test method that can be performed over the Internet should be improved. To this end, it is proposed that meaningless syllables, so-called logatomes, are presented to a test person in fluctuating interference noise. Hence, the test can be offered internationally without change and there is no need to calibrate a computer used by the test person.

Abstract: An arrangement and method for determining and monitoring the state of a rolling bearing, wherein a first sensor signal is captured in the form of a sound emission signal in a first frequency band in the ultrasonic range during operation of the rolling bearing, a second sensor signal is captured in a second frequency band of lower frequency in the ultrasonic range, a first characteristic value for recently occurred damage is determined from the shape of the first sensor signal, a second characteristic value for recently occurred damage is determined from the shape of the second sensor signal, and the state of the rolling bearing is determined by comparing the first characteristic value to a reference value dependent on the speed of the rolling bearing and dependent on the second characteristic value to at least one second reference value dependent on the speed of the rolling bearing.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for inspecting a flaws in tubular disclosed herein include but are not limited to inspection stations comprising one or more chutes adapted to receive a tubular, an inspection assembly adapted to ultrasonically inspect a tubular in the one or more chutes, and one or more rotators for apply directional forces on the tubular to advance and rotate the tubular in the one or more chutes. The inspection assembly is adapted to ultrasonically inspect tubulars while the tubulars are under a rotational force in the chute. The inspection assembly may be further adapted to identify the end of a tubular in a first chute and index the position of the inspection assembly over a second chute to inspect a tubular loaded in the second chute.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus with a sensor which can effectively realize the miniaturization of an exterior case, and can also enhance the layout property of the pressure sensor is provided. An electronic apparatus with a sensor which can reliably ensure the sealing property of an exterior case is also provided. The electronic apparatus with a sensor includes: an exterior case; a sensor unit which is arranged in the inside of the exterior case and detects pressure; and a sensor holding frame which is arranged between the exterior case and the sensor unit, and is provided for mounting the sensor unit on the exterior case. The sensor holding frame includes: a sensor accommodating portion which accommodates the sensor unit and is provided with a pressure chamber into which the pressure is taken in front of a sensor body of the sensor unit; and a pressure introducing passage through which pressure is introduced into the pressure chamber from the outside of the exterior case.

Abstract: A strain gauge assembly 2 comprising: a plurality of strain gauges 4, 6 arranged in a side-by-side relationship, each having a first end 10 and a second end 12; wherein the first and/or second end 10, 12 of one of the plurality of strain gauges 4, 6 is offset from a corresponding first and/or second end 10, 12 of another of the plurality of strain gauges 4, 6.

Abstract: A position testing apparatus includes a stage on which a piezoelectric element object is set, a through hole formed through the stage and covered with the piezoelectric element set on the stage according to a positioning state, and a flow measurement unit configured to draw air through the through hole from around the piezoelectric element and determine the positioning state of the piezoelectric element according to a flow rate of the drawn air. The position testing apparatus is capable of surely testing a positioning state of the piezoelectric element.

Abstract: A flowmeter body (100) comprises a flow inlet (102), a flow passage (104) and a flow passage outlet (106). A shedder bar (108) is disposed in the flow passage (104). A sensor (110) couples to the flow passage. The sensor senses flow vortices (148) shed from the shedder bar. A flowmeter outlet surface (114) is joined to the flow passage outlet (106) and extends to an outer rim (116). The flowmeter outlet surface (114) includes an annular groove (118) positioned to interact with local vortices (120, 122) shed from the flow passage outlet.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring the preload condition of a vehicle differential gear assembly includes a multi-axis load cell having a spherical load button. The differential assembly is supported by the pinion shaft and the load cell button is positioned within a carrier housing hole. The pinion shaft is then rotated relative to the housing resulting in the housing to rotate along with the pinion shaft and abut against the load button. The resulting force against the button is measured in three orthogonal directions permitting an accurate force vector to be determined. The bearings preload is simultaneously set by applying an axial compressive force against the bearings while the pinion shaft is rotated.

Abstract: A strain sensor apparatus for a rotatable shaft including a radiation emitter/receiver, a vibration element attached to the shaft and a radiation-reflective annulus surrounding the shaft and vibration element.

Abstract: A force-measuring ring includes an annular housing which contains at least one piezoelectric measuring element, and a pressure transmission element which is attached to the housing via inner and outer circular-annular membrane areas. The inner and outer membrane areas of the force-measuring ring are situated on opposite sides of a symmetry plane defined by the at least one piezoelectric measuring element.

Abstract: An improved immersible oxygen probe for molten metals has a gas permeable body including an immersion end and a support end adapted for being supported by a lance. An oxygen cell and a thermocouple are supported in the immersion end of the body. An unobstructed gas flow passageway is provided through the gas permeable bodies and through the probe body from the immersion end to the support/connector end whereby gases released from the molten metal and sensor body during immersion readily pass through the probe and can escape from within the probe. Thus rapid analysis of the molten metal with improved accuracy within a few seconds after immersion is achieved.

Abstract: This invention provides a sample injector for injecting a fixed amount of a sample into a mobile phase medium and discharging the mobile phase medium with the sample. The sample injector includes a first member having a medium passage for supplying the mobile phase medium and a sample passage for supplying the sample and a second member having a discharge passage for discharging the mobile phase medium with the sample to an outside of the injector. The second member is provided in contact with the first member. The first member and the second member are configured to move to a sample charging position and a sample injection position. The sample charging position is for the sample chamber to connect with the sample passage. The sample injection position is for the sample chamber to connect with the medium passage and the discharge passage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to containers for fluids. The containers may comprise a flexible wall, wherein the flexible wall comprises a metal alloy. The metal alloy may be any metal alloy that may be formed into a sheet including, but not limited to, some stainless steel alloys such as SST 304, SST 309, SST 316, SST 316L, SST 321, low carbon stainless steels and nickel-titanium alloys known as Nitinol.

Abstract: A position pointer is disclosed, including a housing, a substantially bar-like rod accommodated in the housing such that one end thereof projects to the outer side of the housing, and a variable capacitor having a capacitance value which varies in response to external force applied thereto through the rod. The variable capacitor includes a dielectric member having a first face portion and a second face portion opposite from the first face portion, a terminal member configured to engage with the first face portion of the dielectric member, an electrode section disposed in an opposing relationship to the second face portion of the dielectric member and including a conductive member having a contact area with the second face portion that varies in response to the external force, and an elastic member configured to bias the conductive member in a direction in which the conductive member is spaced away from the second face portion.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are two separate processes that do not require a propellant and do not produce an equal and opposite reaction against any external form of matter in the Local Inertial Reference Frame and do not violate Newton's Laws in the Universal Reference Frame. The first process produces horizontal motion, relies on the earth's gravitational field as an external force, and has been successfully tested. The second process produces vertical motion and relies only on the aether. It has been successfully tested considering the effect of the earth's gravity. Due to the law of conservation of angular momentum, the first process is considered by some to not be possible, but with the proper use of an external field (for example, gravity) and the phenomenon of precession, it is clearly possible. A clear distinction is made between a simple rotor and a gyroscope which is a far more complex device.

Abstract: A torque transmission assembly includes two structural component parts for coupled engagement to one another so as to rotate together around an axis of rotation, a first of these structural component parts has an inner circumferential toothing and a second of these structural component parts has an outer circumferential toothing for a rotary coupling engagement with the inner circumferential toothing. The teeth in one toothing of an inner circumferential toothing and outer circumferential toothing are bounded by end faces in a first axial end area of the one toothing. The one toothing has at least one tooth with an end face which is extended forward axially relative to the end faces of the other teeth of the one toothing, and the end face of at least one tooth of the one toothing with the end face which is extended forward axially forms a circumferentially deflecting end face for the other toothing.

Abstract: A rotating knob is rotatably attached to an outer peripheral portion of an operation lever. The rotating knob has a lead thread portion on the inner surface thereof, and the lead thread portion meshes with external teeth of a ring gear. Internal teeth of the ring gear mesh with speed-increasing gears, and permanent magnets are fixed to the speed-increasing gears. A circuit board is arranged in the operation lever so as to extend along the axial direction thereof, and magnetic sensors mounted on the circuit board are opposed to the permanent magnets at positions close thereto. Accordingly, the operation position of the rotating knob can be detected by the magnetic sensors. The gears, the circuit board, etc., are supported by a support case and a cover case to form a switch unit.

Abstract: A dual lock brake lathe chuck comprises of at least one primary drive gear with keyhole along with at least one secondary drive gear with keyhole. The keyhole is rotated through the side of the chuck whereas the secondary keyhole is rotated through the back of the chuck. Rotation of either the primary keyhole or the secondary keyhole extends a plurality of jaws to secure a brake rotor on a brake lathe. The secondary keyhole positioned on the back of the chuck allows easier access of the keyhole when a brake rotor is attached to the chuck allowing the user to ensure that the brake rotor is securely tightened onto the brake lathe chuck.

Abstract: There is provided, in one aspect of the present description, a power transmission apparatus. In one example, the power transmission apparatus comprises, a first driving shaft extending in a first direction, a second driving shaft extending in a second direction, a bevel driving gear arranged on the first driving shaft, and a bevel driven gear arranged on the second driving shaft and meshed with the bevel driving gear. The power transmission apparatus further comprises a fitting shaft formed on the first driving shaft, a fitting hole formed in the bevel driving gear, a contacting surface contacting the first driving shaft so as to restrict movement of the bevel driving gear in a first axial direction, and a snap ring installed so as to restrict movement of the bevel driving gear in a second axial direction that is opposite to the first axial direction.

Abstract: A gear structure comprising: a reinforcement member fixed onto a side surface of a gear; and a fixation section configured to fix the reinforcement member onto the side surface of the gear, the fixation section being provided on a line of contact action of the gear.

Abstract: A control actuator apparatus is presented having an actuator assembly providing three linear motion degrees of freedom relative to a base and three rotational degrees of freedom, and one or more additional actuators providing at least one additional degree of freedom, including a base structure, an XYZ stage, and an upper actuation assembly with a wrist angle stage, a forearm angle stage, and a digit angle stage providing relative positioning signals or values to facilitate machine control capabilities with a high number of degrees of freedom (high DoF).

Abstract: A method of operating a powertrain may include providing an automatic transmission disposed between a drive unit and an axle drive. One input shaft of the automatic transmission is connected by means of an operable clutch to the drive unit and an output shaft of the automatic transmission is connected to the axle drive. A transmission-side, mobile auxiliary drive is configured to couple with a transmission-side connection. The transmission-side connection point for the auxiliary drive is decoupled from the axle drive and, at least partially from the drive unit. The rotational rate of the transmission-side connection point for the auxiliary drive and the auxiliary drive are synchronized, whereby the auxiliary drive is coupled to the connection point. The transmission-side connection point for the auxiliary drive, and thereby the auxiliary drive, is coupled to the drive unit as well as the axle drive.

Abstract: An actuating device for selection on shift steps of a gear changing transmission. The actuating device comprises a flexible gear selection device (1) with at least two drive step positions, a park lock position and an additional park lock-actuating device (4) for activation of the park lock. When the gear selector device (1) moves out of the park lock position, the gear selector device (1) becomes disengaged while movement of the gear selector device (1) from one of the drive step positions into the park lock position, or beyond the previous park lock position, does not engage the park lock. Engagement of the park lock is only achieved by actuating the additional park lock-actuating device (4). This improves the safety and provides intuitive shifting between the different drive step positions without the need to view the gear selector device. The unintended engagement of the park lock is precluded.

Abstract: An assembly including a polymeric member and a unitary metal casting wherein the metal casting relatively moveably captures the polymeric member on the metal casting. The assembly can be adapted for use as a crank arm in a transmission shift mechanism. In some embodiments of the assembly, the polymeric member includes an opening defining a rotational axis of said polymeric member. The metal casting extends into the opening and includes at least one enlarged diameter portion with the polymeric member being rotationally disposed on the metal casting and axially captured on the metal casting by the at least one enlarged diameter portion of the metal casting. A method of manufacture is also disclosed.

Abstract: A driving force control apparatus (100) is mounted on a vehicle, and the driving force control apparatus is provided with: an engine (11); an automatic transmission (12); an engaging device (122) capable of adjusting extent of transmission of power between the engine and the automatic transmission in accordance with degree of engagement; an oil pump (13) for generating a hydraulic pressure by rotation of a drive shaft of the engine; and a controlling device (20) for controlling the degree of the engagement in accordance with a hydraulic difference between a first hydraulic pressure and a second hydraulic pressure in a condition that the first hydraulic pressure does not reach the second hydraulic pressure when shift transmission of the automatic transmission is performed in a free-run state in which the vehicle runs in a case where the engine is stopped and where the transmission of the power between the engine and the automatic transmission is blocked by the engaging device, wherein the first hydraulic press

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus of an automatic transmission including a switching portion which, at the same time as a reverse range pressure oil passage and a discharge delay oil passage which delays an oil pressure output are connected, causes the reverse range pressure oil passage and discharge delay oil passage, by switching between the two, in order to communicate with a hydraulic servo. The switching portion causes the hydraulic servo and discharge delay oil passage to communicate when a manual valve is switched to an N range, and causes the hydraulic servo and reverse range pressure oil passage to communicate when the manual valve (MV) is switched to a D range or an R range. Because of this arrangement, it is difficult for oil, when discharged from the hydraulic servo, to drain at an R-N switching time, and it is easy for oil to drain in the D range or the like.

Abstract: A system for shifting a transmission range includes a selector producing a signal representing a selected range, and the system has a primary state wherein a source of electric power shifts the transmission to the selected range in response to the signal, and a secondary state wherein a source of mechanical energy shifts the transmission to a Park range when the primary state is unable to shift the range.