Abstract: Described herein are multiply-fluorescently-labeled calcium phosphate protein substrates composed of a base coated with a fluorophore-labeled calcium phosphate coating and further having a fluorescently-labeled protein. The multiply-fluorescently-labeled substrate may be a fluorescently labeled calcium phosphate surface having a fluorescently-labeled collagen. The substrates are useful in culturing and studying the activity of a variety of cells, including bone cells. The substrates described herein can be used for both solution- and image-based analysis of cultured cells. New methods for producing and using such coated substrates are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is an immunoassay method whereby all Haemophilus influenzae strains can be simultaneously detected at a high sensitivity. Specifically provided is a method for immunoassaying all Haemophilus influenzae strains characterized in that an antibody that recognizes P4 antigen or P6 antigen of influenza viruses is used.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cell model system capable of sufficiently reproducing a series of tau lesions, and provides a screening method for a prophylactic or therapeutic drug for a neurodegenerative disease using phosphorylation, insolubilization or aggregation of tau, or neurite denaturation or cell death in the cell model as an index.

Abstract: The present invention provides antibodies that differentially react with allelic variants of a polymorphic protein, methods of identifying same, an antigen binding fragment comprised therein, proteins, cells, viral particles, compositions, and kits comprising same. The invention also provides methods for determining a haptoglobin type of a subject and methods for testing a subject for susceptibility to diabetic complications.

Abstract: Antibodies, polypeptides, and polynucleotides are provided for the detection, prevention, amelioration and treatment of diseases caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions, methods, and kits for the diagnosis or detection of active, latent, or prior infection with human herpesvirus 8 in a subject sample.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method for determining whether an individual is suffering from cancer by determining a parameter representing the TIMP-1 concentration in body fluid samples from the individual. The present invention furthermore describes a method for determining whether an individual is suffering from minimal residual disease or recurrent cancer after being treated for the primary cancer by determining a parameter representing the post-operative TIMP-1 concentration in body fluid samples from the individual. In addition, the invention describes the additive effect of combined post-operative measurements of plasma TIMP-1 and serum CEA.

Abstract: The present invention provides the enzyme and enzymatic procedures for cleaving the ? secretase cleavage site of the APP protein and associated nucleic acids, peptides, vectors, cells and cell isolates and assays. The invention further provides a modified APP protein and associated nucleic acids, peptides, vectors, cells, and cell isolates, and assays that are particularly useful for identifying candidate therapeutics for treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The current invention is directed to a method for the determination of the glycosylation pattern of a human immunoglobulin of the subclass IgG1 or IgG4 or of a murine immunoglobulin of the subclass Ig-G2a or IgG3 comprising the following steps: a) cleaving said immunoglobulin into fragments by enzymatic digestion with the enzyme IdeS, b) separating the fragments of said immunoglobulin obtained by the enzymatic digestion by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography, c) subjecting the separated fragments of said immunoglobulin obtained in step b) to a mass spectrometric analysis, and d) determining the glycosylation pattern of said immunoglobulin from the mass spectrometric data obtained in step c).

Abstract: Described herein are substrates composed of a base coated with a fluorophore-labeled calcium phosphate coating. The substrates are useful in culturing and studying the activity of a variety of cells. The substrates described herein can be used for both solution- and image-based analysis of cultured cells. New methods for producing and using such coated substrates are also disclosed.

Abstract: A device is described that includes: a first portion configured to be grasped by the hand of the user, and a second portion defining a reservoir containing a control material, wherein the control material contains a target analyte in a known or predetermined concentration. Related arrangements and methods are also described.

Abstract: Method and reagent for converting a carboxylic acid to a positively charged amide. The method and reagent facilitate positive ion mass spectral analysis of carboxylic acids.

Abstract: A flow chamber and method for detecting the presence of one more cell produced analytes under flow conditions. The flow chamber includes two compartments separated by a permeable membrane on which a plurality of cells may be positioned. The permeable membrane shields one or more analyte sensors positioned one compartment from the convective transport forces of a fluid flow within the other compartment to allow reliable and accurate detection of cell-produced analytes and determination of the concentration of cell-produced analytes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of assaying a compound for its ability to modulate an ion channel or receptor type, the method comprising: a) providing a dynamic clamp in electrical contact with a biological cell (or part thereof) in which one or more ion channel or receptor types for providing a waveform are functional and in which one or more ion channel or receptor types for providing a waveform are either not present or not functional; b) causing the dynamic clamp to apply a signal simulating the function of at least one of the one or more ion channel or receptor types that are either not present or not functional in the biological cell (or part thereof) based on modulation of the ion channel or receptor types that are functional in the biological cell (or part thereof) to thereby provide the waveform at the biological cell (or part thereof); c) exposing at least one of the one or more functional ion channel or receptor types to a compound; and d) detecting modulation of the waveform at the biological

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel isolated antibody, or the derived compounds or functional fragments of same, capable of binding to CXCR4 but also of inducing conformational changed of the CXCR4 homodimers and/or heterodimers. More particularly, the present invention relates to the 414H5 and 515H7 antibodies, specific to the CXCR4 protein, as well as their use for the treatment of cancer. Pharmaceutical compositions composed of such antibodies and a process for the selection of such antibodies are also covered.

Abstract: Methods for modifying the physical, chemical and/or biological properties of a fluid by irradiation are provided. In one embodiment, a method comprising supplying a flow of a fluid to an irradiation chamber; focusing the flow of the fluid so as to create at least one fluid layer; and applying radiation to the fluid layer in a defined portion of the irradiation chamber thereby modifying at least one physical, chemical or biological property of the fluid layer is provided. Systems for the implementation of such methods are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for the detection or diagnosis of a bacterial infection or colonisation utilising mass spectrometric analysis are provided. The methods involve short-term enrichment of samples followed by mass spectrometric analysis of biomarker profiles. Also provided are methods for preparing short-term enrichment cultures.

Abstract: A biocompatible article including (a) a biocompatible hydrogel; (b) an adhesive coating on at least a portion of the hydrogel; and (c) one or more organisms adhered to at least a portion of the adhesive coating is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are fusion proteins, polynucleotides that encode the disclosed fusion proteins, and methods for expressing and autoprocessing of the disclosed fusion proteins to obtain a target protein. The disclosed fusion proteins include an autoproteolytic cysteine protease fused to a heterologous polypeptide, which may be isolated as the target protein. Preferably, the protease activity of the cysteine protease is inducible. Suitable autoproteolytic cysteine proteases for the fusion proteins include the cysteine protease of the Vibrio cholerae RTX toxin.

Abstract: Modified growth hormone polypeptide and uses thereof are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acids encoding B7-related factors that modulate the activation of immune or inflammatory response cells, such as T-cells. Also provided are expression vectors and fusion constructs comprising nucleic acids encoding B7-related polypeptides, including BSL1, BSL2, and BSL3. The present invention further provides isolated B7-related polypeptides, isolated fusion proteins comprising B7-related polypeptides, and antibodies that are specifically reactive with B7-related polypeptides, or portions thereof. In addition, the present invention provides assays utilizing B7-related nucleic acids, polypeptides, or peptides. The present invention further provides compositions of B7-related nucleic acids, polypeptides, fusion proteins, or antibodies that are useful for the immunomodulation of a human or animal subject.

Abstract: A method for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulose-containing material comprises pre-treating the lignocellulose-containing material; introducing agricultural residues to the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material; exposing the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material to one or more hydrolyzing enzymes; and fermenting with a fermenting organism to produce a fermentation product. The agricultural residues may be corn pith and/or corn cob.

Abstract: Disclosed are variants of Humicola grisea Cel7A (CBH1.1), H. jecorina CBH1 variant or S. thermophilium CBH1, nucleic acids encoding the same and methods for producing the same. The variant cellulases have the amino acid sequence of a glycosyl hydrolase of family 7A wherein one or more amino acid residues are substituted.

Abstract: Disclosed are variants of Humicola grisea Cel7A (CBH1.1), H. jecorina CBH1 variant or S. thermophilium CBH1, nucleic acids encoding the same and methods for producing the same. The variant cellulases have the amino acid sequence of a glycosyl hydrolase of family 7A wherein one or more amino acid residues are substituted.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to hydrolysis of mannan-containing poly- or oligo-saccharides by use of a polypeptide having endo-?-mannanase activity. In particular the present disclosure relates to compositions comprising a bacterial endo-?-mannanase, polynucleotides encoding the endo-?-mannanase, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved systems and methods for amplifying nucleic acids. Among other things the present invention provides a system for amplifying nucleic acids through use of a primase and a polymerase with strand-displacement ability without, for example, exogenously-added primers. The present invention is particularly useful for whole genome amplification.

Abstract: Disclosed are mutant DNA polymerases having improved extension rates relative to a corresponding, unmodified polymerase. The mutant polymerases are useful in a variety of disclosed primer extension methods. The mutant polymerases overcome the inhibitory effects of a variety of polymerase and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Therefore, the mutant polymerases are useful in a variety of disclosed methods in the presence of such inhibitors.

Abstract: In one aspect, methods of treating lignocellulosic materials are described herein. In some embodiments, a method of treating a lignocellulosic material comprises degrading lignin of the lignocellulosic material with at least one fungus and hydrolyzing cellulose of the lignocellulosic material with at least one microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant nucleic acid constructs comprising a xylose isomerase polynucleotide, a recombinant fungal host cell comprising a recombinant xylose isomerase polynucleotide, and related methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound according to Formula (IX) and salts thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R5 are each independently selected from H and hydrocarbon moieties, which hydrocarbon moieties optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms, and which hydrocarbons optionally comprise substituents, or when the compound according to formula (IX) is a salt, R1 and/or R2 may be a cation, R3, and R4 each independently selected from hydrocarbon moieties, which hydrocarbon moieties optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms, and which hydrocarbons optionally comprise substituents, and wherein any two of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are optionally linked together to form a ring structure. The invention further relates to the preparation of such a compound and to the use of such a compound for preparing a pharmaceutical compound, an agrochemical compound, an intermediate for a pharmaceutical compound or an intermediate for an agrochemical compound.

Abstract: The use of a combination of—at least one ionic liquid which is lipophilic, and non miscible with water, and—at least one enzyme, for the implementation of an esterification and/or transesterification process of a substrate with at least one alcohol, the substrate consisting of oils, fats, fatty acids, or a mixture thereof, wherein the ionic liquid, the substrate, and the alcohol form a single homogeneous liquid phase at the temperature at which the esterification and/or transesterification process is performed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing lipids for biofuel or lubricant and Streptomyces bacteria used in the process. The process comprises cultivating bacterial cells of the genus Streptomyces in a medium comprising organic waste(s) or residue(s) or mixtures thereof as carbon and/or nutrient source(s), recovering lipids from the cells of said bacteria or from the cultivation medium, and using the recovered lipids or a fraction thereof as biofuel and/or lubricant, or as a starting material for biofuel and/or lubricant production. In addition, in one aspect the invention provides products obtained by using the process according to this disclosure.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the production of oil, fuels, oleochemicals, and other compounds in recombinant microorganisms are provided, including oil-bearing microorganisms and methods of low cost cultivation of such microorganisms. Microalgal cells containing exogenous genes encoding, for example, a lipase, a sucrose transporter, a sucrose invertase, a fructokinase, a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme, a keto acyl-ACP synthase enzyme, a fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase, a fatty acyl-CoA/aldehyde reductase, a fatty acyl-CoA reductase, a fatty aldehyde reductase, a fatty aldehyde decarbonylase, and/or an acyl carrier protein are useful in manufacturing transportation fuels such as renewable diesel, biodiesel, and renewable jet fuel, as well as oleochemicals such as functional fluids, surfactants, soaps and lubricants.

Abstract: The cultivation of heterotrophic and phototrophic micro-organisms is integrated for the production of bio-oil for biofuels, wherein the overall algal suspension produced is first thickened, with recirculation of the excess water to cultivation containers, and then thermally treated at a high temperature. After cooling, a bio-oil phase is recovered together with a suspension rich in soluble carbohydrates and proteins which forms a nutritional/energy source for heterotrophic micro-organisms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of converting butyric acid contained in a fermentation broth into biofuel. This chemical conversion method includes separating biohydrogen from gases generated in the course of production of butyric acid through fermentation of carbohydrate, extracting butyric acid from the broth using an insoluble solvent, esterifying butyric acid thus producing butylbutyrate, and hydrogenolyzing all or part of butylbutyrate, thus obtaining butanol. Thereby, biobutanol can be efficiently and economically produced, and butylbutyrate, which has oxidation stability superior to that of conventional biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) and is thus regarded as novel biofuel, can be produced together.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in the production of alcohols by microbial fermentation, particularly to production of alcohols by microbial fermentation of substrates comprising CO. It more particularly relates to the provision of an improved fermentation media, comprising nickel, to a fermentation system such that one or more micro-organisms convert a substrate comprising CO to one or more alcohols, such as ethanol. In particular embodiments, a microbial culture is provided with at least 10 ?M nickel, such that CO uptake by the microbial culture increases and ethanol productivity improves.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a new method for the biological preparation of a diol comprising culturing a microorganism genetically modified for the bioproduction of an aliphatic diol, wherein the microorganism comprises a metabolic pathway for the decarboxylation of a hydroxy-2-keto-aliphatic acid metabolite with an enzyme having a 2-keto acid decarboxylase activity, the product obtained from said decarboxylation step being further reduced into the corresponding aliphatic diol, and wherein the microorganism is genetically modified for the improved production of said hydroxy-2-keto-aliphatic acid metabolite. The invention also concerns a modified microorganism for the production of an aliphatic diol.

Abstract: A method of making butanol from at least one fermentable carbon source that overcomes the issues of toxicity resulting in an increase in the effective titer, the effective rate, and the effective yield of butanol production by fermentation utilizing a recombinant microbial host wherein the butanol is extracted into specific organic extractants during fermentation

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved Saccharomyces strain displaying improved viability and growth during anaerobic fermentation of pentose carbon sources such as xylose and producing fermentation products such as ethanol.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing alcohol from a cellulosic material, said process comprising the steps of: (i) hydrolyzing said cellulosic material with an aqueous acid to produce a hydrolysate; (ii) extracting acid and water from said hydrolysate with a water-miscible organic extraction solvent to yield (a) a first aqueous acidic solution containing said extraction solvent and (b) a residue containing sugars, (iii) subjecting said residue to an oligosaccharide cleavage reaction to yield an aqueous solution of fermentable sugars; (iv) fermenting said fermentable sugars and distilling alcohol from the resulting fermented mixture; (v) evaporating said extraction solvent from said first solution to yield (a) a second aqueous acid solution containing no more than 10% wt., preferably no more than 5% wt.

Abstract: This application relates to the functional identification and characterization of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a triterpene synthase, in particular botryococcene synthase. Also described are host cells comprising the nucleic acid molecules of this invention, proteins encoded by the nucleic acid molecules and methods for using the nucleic acid molecules, transformed hosts and encoded proteins to produce high levels of triterpene hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a modified host cell comprising a heterologous expression of an efflux pump capable of transporting an organic molecule out of the host cell wherein the organic molecule at a sufficiently high concentration reduces the growth rate of or is lethal to the host cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to applications of a cellulase of Pseudomonas sp. ND137, functional fragments and/or variants and engineered forms thereof, in the context of industrial bioprocessing, more particularly solvent production.

Abstract: A magnetic platform is provided and includes a patterned array of discrete magnetic elements positioned on a substrate, a plurality of first electromagnets for creating a first magnetic field substantially in the plane of the substrate, an electromagnetic coil for creating a second magnetic field substantially perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, and a control device for controlling the application of the magnetic fields. Processes for manipulating, transporting, separating and sorting micro- or nano-scale particles and biomolecules are also described.

Abstract: The invention features devices and methods for detecting, enriching, and analyzing circulating tumor cells and other particles. The invention further features methods of diagnosing a condition, e.g., cancer, in a subject by analyzing a cellular sample from the subject.

Abstract: Methods and systems capturing particles suspended in a fluid flowed through a micro-channel, can include flowing the fluid including the particles to be captured through a micro-channel and past a groove defined in a surface of a wall of the micro-channel such that flowing the fluid past the groove forms microvortices in the fluid; contacting at least some of the particles against an adherent disposed on one or more of walls of the microchannel after the microvortices form in the fluid; and capturing at least some of the particles contacting the adherent.

Abstract: In a method embodiment, a method includes introducing a plurality of Ideotypically Modulated Pharmacoeffectors (IMP) into a population of cells. Each IMP may include a detection domain and an activation domain. One or more epitopes is bound by the detection domain. The activation domain is activated in response to the binding. Applications may include but are not limited to viral infections, other intracellular infections, cancers, vector-borne diseases, autoimmune diseases, cellular diseases, cellular enhancement, and research.

Abstract: Methods for producing biomolecule-polymer conjugates, such as polypeptide-polymer conjugates, include attachment of an initiator agent to a biomolecule and in situ polymerization of a polymer from defined sites on the biomolecule. The conjugates may have desirable pharmacological properties and may be used therapeutically.

Abstract: The present invention in the art of biochemistry claims novel and non-naturally occurring engineered mutant “human superoxide dismutase 1” (hsod1) variant polypeptides, their encoding nucleic acids, and recombinant cells thereof. The inventor rationally engineered mutant hsod1 variants using structural observations and complimentary experimentation. The engineered mutant hsod1 variant products claimed have multiple potential industrial applications, including as novel therapeutics.

Abstract: Described are compositions and methods relating to filamentous fungal cells genetically engineered to provide increased production of aspartic proteases, such as PEPAa, PEPAb, PEPAc, and PEPAd. Also described are nucleic acids and methods for making the engineered filamentous fungal cells.