Abstract: A Wankel-type rotary engine comprising a longitudinal housing divided on two parts by a partition having a window, a rotor passed through the window and engaged with an end wall sliding in the cavity, and forming together with the cavity, end wall and partition working chambers, and a means for moving the rotor along the cavity.

Abstract: Split cycle engine and method in which output power and power density are increased in some embodiments with a turbocharger or supercharger which increases the pressure in the compression cylinder and also increases the power output of the engine without a corresponding decrease in the efficiency of the engine (work done per unit fuel). In other embodiments, the engine is used for braking, and the energy produced by braking is stored pneumatically and then used in driving the compressor.

Abstract: The invented engine comprises a working cylinder with a piston, pre-ignition chamber with spark plug and a combustion chamber which is cylindrical in shape, a fuel-air mixture injector, which is a compressor cylinder with a piston and fuel delivery device and channels for supplying the fuel and air into the combustion chamber. It also has channels for injection of the fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber. There is a check valve between the fuel supply channel and the compressor cylinder. The pre-ignition chamber has the shape of a cup or flattened cone. The diameter of the base of the pre-ignition chamber equals the diameter of the combustion chamber. The engine has one or more pairs of channels for delivering the fuel-air mixture to the combustion chamber. The axes of these channels are paired and angled towards each other.

Abstract: An ignition timing controller for an engine includes basic knock-limit ignition timing calculation means that calculates a basic knock-limit ignition timing on the basis of an operating state of the engine; learning-region variation calculation means that learns the knock-limit ignition timing of the engine in two operating regions and thereby calculates a learning-region variation due to octane number and a learning-region variation due to humidity in one of the operating regions; estimated variation calculation means that estimates a variation due to octane number and a variation due to humidity in a present operating state on the basis of the learning-region variation due to octane number and the learning-region variation due to humidity; and knock-limit ignition timing calculation means that calculates the knock-limit ignition timing in the present operating state on the basis of the basic knock-limit ignition timing, the variation due to octane number, and the variation due to humidity.

Abstract: An engine ECU performs a process including the steps of performing an external EGR and advancing ignition timing of all cylinders of an engine, retarding ignition timing cylinder by cylinder in sequential order when no knocking had occurred before performing the external EGR and advancing the ignition timing and knocking occurred after performing the external EGR and advancing the ignition timing, and determining that a passage provided for a cylinder in which the retardation of ignition timing caused a shift from a state in which knocking occurs to a state in which no knocking occurs is clogged.

Abstract: A system for managing ignition of a light-duty internal combustion engine during starting includes a charge winding used to create an ignition pulse; a first signal generated by the charge winding that indicates the speed of an engine; a second signal generated by the charge winding that indicates a piston position of the engine; a switch coupled to the charge winding for controlling the ignition pulse; and a processing device that receives the first signal and the second signal, wherein the processing device activates the switch when a comparison of the received first signal and second signal indicates that a piston is positioned at approximately top dead center (TDC).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an abnormality detection device for an in-cylinder pressure sensor and an abnormality detection method for an in-cylinder pressure sensor that is able to detect preload loss abnormality of an in-cylinder pressure sensor. An in-cylinder pressure sensor 5 has a strain gauge element 20 to which preload was given. Under an operating state of an internal-combustion engine, it is judged whether Pim/Pex that is a ratio of intake pressure Pim to exhaust gas pressure Pex is 1. Reset of temperature drift is performed when Pim/Pex is 1. If an output voltage V (Pim) which serves as a base of calculation of Pim after the reset of a temperature drift is equal to a circuit limit value Vmin, existence of preload loss abnormality is determined.

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated engine system, which includes an air-compression means, an air-buffer-system, a fuel-supplying means, an power-management-unit, and at least two cold-expansion-chambers; wherein, each of said at least two cold-expansion-chambers operates with a Simplified Mackay Four-Stroke Cycle, which includes a first-intake-process, a compression-process, a hot-combustion-process, a second-intake-process, a cold-expansion-process, and an exhaust-process.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a combustion chamber and a fuel injection valve that injects fuel directly into the combustion chamber, the fuel injection valve being situated in a cylinder head, and an annular sealing element being situated between the fuel injection valve and the cylinder head in order to seal the combustion chamber, and a shielding ring being situated between the sealing element and the combustion chamber in an axial direction of the fuel injection valve, the shielding ring being characterized in that it has a round cross-section or a cross-section that is rounded radially outward.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved high efficiency internal combustion engine (IHEICE) which results in higher efficiency due to its design, or respective relation of its parts. In the IHEICE, the energy fuel produced after combustion is harnessed and exploited to its highest potential when the engine starts exploiting the power after extended Top Down Center (ETDC). The main improvement in the IHEICE is the fitting and arrangement of the piston connecting rod and the crank; that is, the arrangement of the piston with respect to the crank, with the internal fitting design being the same. In the traditional arrangement, a problem is created in exploiting power from 60 degrees and beyond because a displacement (gap) is created inside the head resulting from the downward movement of the piston (60 degree movement of the crank). To fill this gap, the connecting rod, with a timer/cam and wheels, is used.

Abstract: A system for improving the performance of a combustion engine comprising a system control unit is disclosed. The system control unit comprises an input module, a transform module and a control module all interconnected to each other. The input module obtains a first set of combustion parameters of the engine through at least one sensor. The transform module transforms the first set of combustion parameters into a second set of combustion parameters. The control module controls fuel injection of the engine based on the second set of combustion parameters, and controls oxyhydrogen production and injection based on the second set of combustion parameters. The controlled fuel injection and the controlled oxyhydrogen production and injection contribute to an improved performance of said engine during combustion. A method of improving the performance of a combustion engine and a method of injecting oxyhydrogen into a combustion engine are also disclosed.

Abstract: Pump piston seizures caused by excessive side loads produced by the uneven loading of a large piston return spring are prevented by separating the tappet return function from the piston return function, thereby minimizing the spring force acting on the piston. Separate and distinct biasing means perform the respective functions. Preferably, a stronger, heavier load outer spring is mounted between the pump body and the tappet, such that it imparts no load and therefore no side loads to the pumping piston. A weaker, lighter load inner spring imparts less side load to the pumping piston than a conventional piston return spring, because the inner spring need not carry any tappet load. During both the pumping and charging strokes of the piston, the piston return spring can assist the tappet return spring, but the tappet return spring does not assist the piston return spring.

Abstract: A fuel supplying apparatus is disclosed that suppresses intrusion of oil mist into a negative pressure introducing inlet of an automatic cock and that, thereby, improves the degree of freedom of disposition. The negative pressure introducing inlet of the automatic cock is connected to a crankcase through a negative pressure communication path. The automatic cock is opened by a negative pressure generated in the crankcase and, thereby, a fuel supply path is opened that is for supplying fuel from a fuel tank to an internal combustion engine. The negative pressure communication path communicates with the air cleaner through a purge path that branches from the negative pressure communication path at a halfway point of the negative pressure communication path. The point at which the purge path branches from the negative pressure communication path is set to be at the lowest position of the negative pressure communication path to be able to collect the oil mist intruding from the crankcase.

Abstract: A microcondenser device for an evaporative emission control system associated with an internal combustion engine includes a housing having a lower wall and at least one side wall extending upward from the lower wall. The lower wall and the at least one side wall together defining a chamber in the housing. A thermoelectric element is supported by the at least one side wall in spaced relation relative to the lower wall. An inlet is defined in the housing for admitting fuel vapor into the chamber. A condensation outlet is defined in the housing for discharging liquid fuel that is condensed from the fuel vapor in the chamber. A porous heat sink element is received in the chamber for absorbing the fuel vapor admitted through the inlet. The porous heat sink element is in conductive thermal contact with the thermoelectric element.

Abstract: A belted gear assembly for driving a supercharger includes a belt drive assembly for operatively connecting a gear drive assembly to an existing pinion shaft of an engine. The belt drive assembly includes a lower pulley assembly that is operatively connected to the pinion shaft and belted to an upper pulley assembly. The upper pulley assembly is operatively connected to a side gear of the gear drive assembly. The side gear engages an upper gear of the gear drive assembly, which is operatively connected to a lobe of the supercharger. Rotation of the upper gear thereby initiates rotation of the supercharger. The amount of boost provided to the supercharger is readily adjustable by simply changing the lower pulley assembly to adjust the RPM ratio for the supercharger. Each component of the belted gear assembly is isolated and fully self-contained, including a separate lubrication system and collection well.

Abstract: An EGR system for an IC engine, wherein the IC engine includes a block defining a plurality of combustion cylinders, a plurality of multi-valve heads, each multi-valve head associated with a respective combustion cylinder and including an inlet valve and an exhaust valve, an exhaust manifold fluid coupled with each exhaust valve, and an intake manifold fluidly coupled between the exhaust manifold and each inlet valve. The EGR system includes: a plurality of EGR inlet valves and a plurality of EGR exhaust valves, wherein each multi-valve head includes at least one EGR inlet valve and at least one EGR exhaust valve; an EGR exhaust manifold fluidly coupled with each EGR exhaust valve; and an EGR intake manifold fluidly coupled between the EGR exhaust manifold and each EGR inlet valve.

Abstract: An exhaust gas re-induction apparatus and system. The exhaust gas re-induction apparatus is coupled to an exhaust system or catalytic converter of an engine. The exhaust gas re-induction apparatus includes an oxygen sensor substitute apparatus having an exhaust gas diffusion chamber disposed therein, and an exhaust gas interface housing to receive the oxygen sensor substitute apparatus. A recirculation conduit connects the exhaust gas re-induction apparatus to an air inlet of an engine. The oxygen sensor substitute apparatus includes a coupling section to attach the oxygen sensor substitute apparatus in place of an oxygen sensor apparatus. The oxygen sensor substitute apparatus also includes an exhaust gas dispersion section having a plurality of orifices for dispersing exhaust gas. The exhaust gas re-induction apparatus and the recirculation conduit have always-open passages in which the exhaust gas is recirculated to the engine at different rates depending essentially on the operating speed of the engine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spark plug arc intensifier system that influences the arc of the spark plug at any given performance of the gasoline engine. The intensifier system consists of a microcomputer that applies an additional signal to the lead-in wire coming from the transformer coil of the engine to influence the intensity of arc of the spark plug. This system results in a complete burning of the air/fuel mixture that is prevalent at the time of combustion. This system then results in a cleaner environment, less fuel consumption and a more powerful performance of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, having at least one cylinder bank, the or each cylinder bank having two outer high pressure cylinders and a central low pressure cylinder, reciprocating pistons of the cylinders being coupled via connecting rods to a crankshaft, the valves of the cylinders being actuated via camshafts which can be driven from the crankshaft, crossflow channels for exhaust gas formed in the region of the or each cylinder bank between outlet valves of the high pressure cylinders and inlet valves of the respective low pressure cylinder, and each crossflow channel and the respective high pressure cylinder of the or each cylinder bank being designed in such a way that a dimensional ratio of a volume of the crossflow channel in cm3 to the product of a swept volume of the respective high pressure cylinder in cm3 and a charging pressure in bar is between 0.05 and 0.5.

Abstract: A traditional archery bow includes a handle assembly, a bowstring, and at least one connection apparatus. The handle assembly includes a riser, an upper limb, and a lower limb. The upper and lower limbs each include a proximal end connected to the riser and a distal end. The bowstring extends between the distal ends of the upper and lower limbs. The at least one connection apparatus is mounted to at least one of the upper or lower limbs. An accessory such as a bushing or stabilizer may be mounted to one of the limbs with the connection apparatus.

Abstract: An archery bow comprises an archery bow body defining opposing limb tips, a bowstring extending between the limb tips along a bowstring axis, and an elongate member extending from the bow body, the elongate member having a length and a proximal end arranged adjacent the bowstring. The archery bow further comprises a dampening element made of a vibration dampening material mounted to the proximal end of the elongate member between the proximal end and the bowstring. The elongate member extends from the bow body along a first axis non-perpendicular to the bowstring axis. Additionally, the elongate member may be curved along at least a portion of its length. In certain embodiments, the archery bow body defines a nested mounting area configured as an open channel to receive a distal end of the elongate member.

Abstract: A kit is provided to convert a compound archery bow into a left or right handed inline (vertical limb) crossbow. The conversion kit includes a mounting plate attachable to a side of the bow riser section to hold a socket to receive a draw-lock bar which can be removed for take-down and storage. The draw-lock bar has a series of laterally spaced bolt holes to attach a grip with a trigger release latch assembly at a selectable draw length. The bar can be rotated and attached to either side of the bow, and the trigger and grip can be reposition within the trigger housing for left, right or horizontal shooting. The string latch assembly has an anti-dryfire lever that is only moved from the blocking position when an arrow is nocked. The kit also provides a hinged cocking stirrup, and a front hand vertical grip on the riser side opposite the draw-bar socket. Also disclosed is a dedicated hybrid compound bow for dedicated use with kit as an inline or traditional crossbow. The hybrid compound bow is made especially.

Abstract: A magazine of the present invention includes a main body and a plug member. The main body is formed with a trough and a recess. The recess has a lateral opening, a top portion and a bottom portion. The recess is provided to receive an air cartridge between the top portion and the bottom portion. The lateral opening is used for the air cartridge being put therethrough. The main body is formed with a hole passing through the bottom portion and communicating with the recess. A diameter of the hole is smaller than a maximum diameter of the air cartridge. The plug member is screwed into the hole so as to press the air cartridge. Accordingly, the plug member gradually presses the air cartridge by screw action. Once the plug member is completely screwed into the hole, the air cartridge is fixed in the recess.

Abstract: A sports training apparatus for launching sports balls. The sports training apparatus has the ability to launch a sports ball, such as, for example, a soccer ball or a volleyball, at various power levels, at many different angles, with many different types of spin, and can be remotely controlled or programmed with a pre-determined launching pattern. The ball projecting mechanism launches a sports ball by way of a striking leg member which is powered by a compressible spring and detent rod assembly.

Abstract: Apparatus for projecting an object such as a ball is described. The apparatus comprises a support for the object to be projected, an impeller assembly configured to transfer energy to the object to project it away from the apparatus; and an actuating mechanism operable by a user interaction with the apparatus. The impeller assembly may be driven mechanically by the actuating mechanism by transfer of energy input by the user interaction. The apparatus may be used for an animal and in particular a dog. The described apparatus removes the need for a further power supply and so avoids unnecessary energy consumption and provides advantages in relation to cost, reliability, and longevity. Embodiments of the invention are modular in nature which greatly assists in training the animal to use the apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is a V-groove processing apparatus for cutting and V-groove processing. The V-groove processing apparatus includes a processing unit for processing V-grooves in an engineered stone raw plate fixed on a table while being transferred by a transfer unit. Here, the processing unit includes a circular saw blade disposed at a front of a cutting panel to cut the engineered stone raw plate, one or more cutters disposed on a front of a cutter housing to form a V-groove inside a cut surface, a first rise and fall unit transferring the circular saw blade to a cutting location during the cutting of the engineered stone raw plate and restoring the circular saw blade to an original place after the cutting of the engineered stone raw plate, and a second rise and fall unit transferring the circular saw blade and the cutters to a V-groove forming location during the formation of the V-groove and restoring the circular saw blade and the cutters to original places after the formation of the V-groove.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wiresaw cutting method comprising cutting a workpiece with a wiresaw while applying an aqueous cutting fluid to the wiresaw from a recirculating reservoir of cutting fluid, monitoring at least one of a chemical property, a physical property, or both, and adjusting the chemical composition of the cutting fluid while cutting the workpiece to maintain the property being monitored. The present invention additionally provides an apparatus to perform the inventive method.

Abstract: Provided is a forced air heater. The forced air heater may comprise a housing defining a duct. The duct may be adapted for a flow of fluid therethrough. The heater may be adapted to provide a flow of fluid through the duct that is substantially laminar or transient.

Abstract: A supporting plate for mounting a rectangular flat solar module on a flat substrate includes a front edge, a rear edge and a first and a second side edge. At least three parallel trapezoidal profiles are evenly spaced on the supporting plate with respect to each other. The trapezoidal profiles extend continuously from the front edge to the rear edge with a first and a second of the trapezoidal profiles extending respectively along the side edges and a third of the trapezoidal profiles extending centrally on the supporting plate such that the front edge, the rear edge and the side edges enclose a rectangular area that corresponds to a rectangular area of the flat solar module. Each of the trapezoidal profiles include an upper side and continuously increase in height from the front edge to the rear edge so as to form, by the upper sides, an inclined direct bearing surface for the flat solar module.

Abstract: Methods of operating solar tracking apparatuses are described. For example, a method includes determining a minimum amount of energy required to move the solar tracking apparatus from a first position to a second position. An available radiance is estimated for a solar resource coupled to the solar tracking apparatus. The solar tracking apparatus is moved from the first position to the second position prior to a point in time when the energy derivable from the available radiance is less than the minimum amount of energy required to move the solar tracking apparatus from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A solar collector including a linear receiver and an array of linear mirrors positioned to concentrate sunlight onto the linear receiver, with all of the mirrors in the array tracking solar motion in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the receiver, a fraction of the mirrors tracking solar motion in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the receiver and a two-axis steering mechanism adapted to combine the linear images formed by each linear mirror into a single linear image that remains focused on the linear receiver as the mirrors rotate about the two axes, with the linear receiver incorporating a secondary concentrator, and concentrated sunlight heating an atmospheric-pressure gas-phase heat-transfer fluid.

Abstract: The instant disclosure relates to a modular solar house having a modulate structure that can be installed individually or in combination to meet specific space requirements. The modular solar house includes a modular main body and a roof capable of mounting a plurality of solar panel devices. The main body comprises a plurality of vertically disposed modular walls. The modular solar house further comprises at least one solar cell, one solar water heater detachably mounted on the roof, and a hot water reservoir disposed inside the prefab room for storing the water flowing through the solar water heater.

Abstract: A solar collector apparatus with Dewar-type evacuated tubes results in the more efficient collection of solar radiation by, for example, maintaining the level of a volatile liquid flowing into the solar collector so that no more than 80% of the volume of an inner cylinder of a collection tube is filled with liquid and a corresponding manifold collects the vapor produced when heat is transferred from the surface of the inner glass cylinder that absorbs solar radiation to the volatile liquid. The aforementioned apparatus may likewise be used to heat a liquid within an absorber tube, the liquid having a volatile and a non-volatile component. As heat is transferred to the liquid, a fraction of the volatile component is converted to vapor, leaving the liquid more concentrated in the non-volatile component.

Abstract: A system and method for extracting C5 sugars including pentose and/or C6 sugars including hexose from a slurry of cellulosic material comprising cellulose, water, and optionally acid.

Abstract: A nasal delivery system for and a method of delivering aerosolized medication to the nasal passageway of a patient for treating an ailment in the upper respiratory tract above the trachea, comprising: contacting a nosepiece to a patient's nose, the nosepiece being coupled to a directly to the mesh of the vibrating mist nebulizer via a connecting portion, activating the nebulizer to create aerosolized medication from liquid medication in the chamber, directing the aerosolized medication through the connecting portion to the nosepiece; and dispensing, from apertures in the nosepiece, the aerosolized medication directly through the patient's nose.

Abstract: A gas blender with auxiliary mixed gas outlet for mixing a primary gas, generally air, and a secondary gas, generally oxygen, to obtain a mixed gas having several controlled characteristics. The gas blender may be incorporated into a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) device. The gas blender controls the mixing to produce the mixed gas having a predetermined mixture setpoint, generally an oxygen percentage, and a predetermined control setpoint, generally a pressure setpoint or flow rate setpoint. The gas blender provides an auxiliary mixed gas source for use by an auxiliary piece of equipment such as a nebulizer or resuscitation bag. The gas blender includes a primary gas inlet passageway, a secondary gas inlet passageway, a gas mixing apparatus, a mixed gas distribution passageway with an auxiliary mixed gas outlet, a gas sensor, a delivery sensor, a mixed gas delivery control valve, a mixed gas controlled passageway, and a controller.

Abstract: A breathing apparatus for use in facial skin treatment procedures to allow a person being treated to breath without breathing through their nose or open mouth while substantially maintaining facial tissue exposed for application of a fluid treatment material including a breathing tube having one end for insertion into a person's mouth between the lips and teeth for breathing and a second end spaced from the first for access to air substantially uncontaminated by the fluid treatment material or by fumes of the fluid treatment material. A mouth piece on the one end of the breathing tube can have first and second radially extending engagement surfaces longitudinally spaced to receive the teeth of the person's upper and lower jaws between the first and second engagement surfaces when the mouthpiece is positioned in the person's substantially closed mouth.

Abstract: 1. Inhaler. 2.1. The invention relates to an inhaler (10) for the oral administration of a pharmaceutical medium, comprising a housing (20) having a mouthpiece (16), a container unit (60) accommodated in an inhalation region (12) of the housing (20) and including a medium container (62) and an outlet connector (64) having an outlet orifice (64a), which outlet connector is capable of being moved relatively to the medium container (62) for the purpose of triggering a discharging operation, and a discharge sensor (78) for the detection of a discharging operation. 2.2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid ejection head that includes a plurality of rows of liquid ejection ports 11 to eject liquid and a plurality of slit-shaped gas jet ports 12 or a plurality of rows of gas jet ports to jet out gas arranged alternately with the liquid ejection ports 11. The group of ejected liquid droplets is prevented from gathering by making the gas flow rate of gas jetted out from the slit-shaped gas jet ports 12 or the rows of gas jet ports arranged at the outermost sides among the plurality of slit-shaped gas jet ports or the plurality of rows of gas jet ports, whichever appropriate, highest.

Abstract: A method of operating a ventilator or pressure support system that automatically determines a timed back up rate for the patient based on the patient's spontaneous breathing patterns. The aggressiveness of the determined rate increases as the patient takes less spontaneous breaths. Also, a method wherein one or more mechanisms are used to determine whether a machine breath should be issued. Each mechanism consists of a basic timing element coupled with one or more logical permits. Both the timing element and each of the one or more logical permits must be satisfied to allow the timing mechanism to trigger a machine breath.

Abstract: A skin adherent device is presented. The skin adherent device includes a first portion configured for attaching to a first portion of an anatomy. A second portion is configured for attaching to a second portion of the anatomy. A third portion is configured for attaching to a third portion of the anatomy. The second portion and the third portion are disposed on opposing ends of the skin adherent device. The first portion, the second portion and the third portion include a tacky gel material.

Abstract: This invention relates to condoms, prophylactics and contraceptive devices made of silicone rubber having a body with an open end and a closed end, a first collar proximate to the open end, a second collar adjacent to the first collar, and a series of accordion pleats on the body, wherein the accordion pleats can independently expand or contract.

Abstract: This invention relates to condoms, prophylactics and contraceptive devices made of silicone rubber having a body comprising a plurality of sections that are capable of folding telescopically, such that each section folds into an adjoining section.

Abstract: A spherically-shaped ear plug is described. The ear-plug is formed of silicone to provide pliable and malleable properties. Additionally, because the ear plug is made of silicone, when it is positioned and depressed into the ear canal, the front end of the ear plug is pushed out and deeper into the ear canal to create a safe seal. Finally, the tacky consistency of silicone creates an airtight/watertight seal between the ear plug and ear canal.

Abstract: An incontinence treatment system includes a rigid implant having an aspect ratio of greater than 5 and an insertion tool. The insertion tool includes a post fixed to a handle and a sheath disposed around the post. The sheath is axially retractable relative to the post and has a length that is greater than a length of the post. The insertion tool has a loaded state in which the sheath extends distal the post to provide a recess at a distal end of the post that is sized to receive the rigid implant. The insertion tool has a deployed state in which the sheath retracts in a proximal direction toward the handle to expose the distal end of the post and allow the post to push the rigid implant out of the recess and into tissue.

Abstract: An anchor for a medical implant, methods of manufacturing the anchor, and procedures for placing a medical implant, such as for diagnosing, monitoring and/or treating cardiovascular diseases. The anchor has a base portion with first and second longitudinal ends and a cage therebetween. The anchor further has flexible arms, flexible legs, features for securing the medical implant within the cage of the base portion, and a coupler portion connected to and spaced apart from the second longitudinal end of the base portion. The anchor is adapted to have a deployed configuration in which the arms and legs radially project away from the base portion, the arms axially project toward the second longitudinal end of the base portion, and the legs axially project toward the first longitudinal end of the base portion. Convex surfaces of the arms and legs are adapted to clamp the anchor to a wall.

Abstract: A traditional do-it-yourself cigarette making machine operates at a relatively slow throughput There is provided a method and apparatus for rolling your own cigarettes wherein pre-cut tobacco of a desired humidity is molded in a mold (74, 80) to form a tobacco plug (79), subsequently the plug is advanced into a cylindrical shell (98), the empty cigarette tube (94) is then placed about the shell (98) and the cigarette tube is expelled leaving a complete cigarette The apparatus is ideally placed in a retail outlet where a person may go in and purchase the tobacco and cigarette tubes and insert them in an apparatus to roll the cigarettes.

Abstract: A tobacco solution atomizing device for electronic cigarette is disclosed the device comprises an atomizer installed in a fixing sleeve; a suction nozzle component and electrode connectors coupled on respective ends of the fixing sleeve, wherein the electrode connectors comprises a positive electrode connector and a negative electrode connector; the atomizer comprising a glass fiber tube, a glass fiber yarn, a heating coil, a cotton cloth layer and a synthetic fiber layer, wherein the glass fiber yarn is insert into the heating coil which is then located inside the glass fiber tube; the ends of the glass fiber silk and two wires which are used to electronically connect the heating coil to the positive and negative electrode connectors extends outward through the glass fiber tube; the cotton cloth layer enwraps the outside wall of the glass fiber tube and reveal ends of the glass fiber yarn are pressed tightly between the cotton cloth layer and the glass fiber tube; a synthetic fiber layer is filled within the

Abstract: A pouch product includes a pouch wrapper formed of a web having a longitudinal integrated fin and lap seal. The pouch wrapper contains a filling material including tobacco or non-tobacco material and optional additives. The longitudinal integrated fin and lap seal is formed on a forming collar incorporated in a pouching apparatus.

Abstract: Wrapper for cigarette manufacture includes transversely extending band regions applied by a printing technique, such as gravure printing. The band regions comprise starch, an anti-wrinkling agent such as 1,2 propylene glycol or glycerin, and optionally calcium carbonate. Any suitable printing technique can be used to apply the aqueous solution to the banded regions. The pattern of banded regions may be bands, stripes, two-dimensional arrays, undulated regions, and the like along and/or around the tobacco rod. The pattern can be applied in one or more layers. The pattern may be configured so that when a smoking article is placed on a substrate, at least two longitudinal locations along the length of the tobacco rod have film-forming compound located only on sides of the smoking article not in contact with the substrate.