Abstract: Sulfate anions and divalent metal ions, such as magnesium, strontium and barium, in water are removed by treating the water with polyaluminum chloride, usually together with lime, to form ettringite and similar crystalline species which are readily removable by settling, filtration and the like. Iron is also removed by oxidation in a variation of the process. The process is particularly useful for treating aqueous solutions used in well treatment, where flowback fluids can provide some of the divalent metal ions necessary to form the ettringite-like materials, thus reducing the amount of lime otherwise necessary and further facilitating recycling of the fluid.

Abstract: Some examples includes a flow-through stormwater sump having a bottom and defining an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a top access opening, an inlet conduit coupled to the flow-through stormwater sump at the inlet opening, an outlet conduit coupled to the flow-through stormwater sump at the outlet opening and a flow-path baffle disposed in the stormwater sump, the flow-path baffle being substantially planar and defining a plurality of openings, the flow-path baffle oriented such that a centerline of the inlet conduit intersects a major plane of the baffle at a point and a centerline of the outlet conduit intersects the major plane at a further point, the flow-path baffle disposed in the stormwater sump in a direct impingement inlet flow-path of the inlet conduit and a direct impingement outlet back-flow-path of the outlet conduit.

Abstract: An electrode is described completely made of graphenes or containing high amounts of these compounds in mixture with nanostructured or non-nanostructured carbon-based materials. An electrooxidation process for the removal of contaminants from liquids, and a reactor for performing the process, based on the use of said electrodes, are also described.

Abstract: A process for oxidizing a chemical contaminant selected from the group consisting of (i) aromatic compounds, (ii) unsaturated compounds having one or more of the following bonds: C?C, C?C, C?O and C?N, and (iii) amines, which process comprises combining the chemical contaminant and cuprous (Cu+) ions in an aqueous solution in a reaction vessel in an essentially oxygen-free environment, and subsequently feeding an oxidizer to said solution.

Abstract: The invention provides systems, associated component parts, and assemblies of the pre-filtration systems, that are useful for treating storm water entering underground storm water management systems. The invention further provides methods to pre-filter storm water prior to entering underground water management systems. The invention reduces pollutant loading in storm water runoff with minimal footprint, flexibility of use and ease of maintenance.

Abstract: A method for treatment of human excrement comprises the following steps: (1) providing a chamber (5) having a top opening through which excrement enters the chamber (5); (2) allowing solid excrement to form a layer on a porous plate (6) inside the chamber (5) by gravity wherein excrement is stored firstly at front storing region (13) and secondly at rear storing region (14), and allowing urine to fall down into the urine storing region (15) through perforations in the porous plate (6); (3) ventilating the interior of chamber (5) by a ventilation system, and providing an indirect heat source (7) inside the chamber (5). A device for treatment of human excrement comprises the chamber (5), the porous plate (6) with the front storing region (13) and the rear storing region (14), the urine storing region (15), the ventilation system and the indirect heat source (7).

Abstract: A liquid separating device (1) for processing a mixture material (3) containing both solid and liquid materials (3a,3b), in order to separate liquid material (3b) from the solid material (3a), the liquid separating device (1) includes a support frame (5), a series of liquid separation assemblies (7a,7b) and a corresponding guiding assembly (19) between each pair of liquid separation assemblies (7). The liquid separation assemblies (7) are disposed about the support frame (5) in a cascading configuration, and the passage (13) of each liquid separation assembly (7) is narrower in width than the passage of a preceding liquid separation assembly (7) so that each subsequent liquid separation assembly (7b) is enabled to extract more liquid material via an increased wringing pressure resulting from a thickening of the remaining mixture material (3) to be processed and the narrower subsequent passage (13b) through which it is channeled and pressed.

Abstract: Apparatuses and related methods for filtration of raw water including a filtration column having a filtrate zone and a filtration zone.

Abstract: Systems and methods for filtering and collecting algae from fluid including a piston and pressurized air system to scrape and clean algae from the filter.

Abstract: An adjustable tilt solar panel support system including a support post, a pivot bracket attached to the support post in a generally upright orientation and having a pivot pin hole for accommodating a pivot pin, and further having at least one adjustment opening; a rotational support cradle having a pivot pin hole in alignment with the pivot pin hole of the pivot bracket, such that the support cradle is pivotally attached to the pivot bracket, the support cradle further including at least one adjustment opening which aligns with the adjustment opening of the pivot bracket. An adjustment pin is selectively inserted into and through the adjustment openings of the support cradle and pivot bracket to secure the support cradle at a selected angle, and wherein the removal of the adjustment pin permits the rotational support cradle to pivot on the pivot bracket about the pivot pin. Beam holders for securing support beams are disposed atop the rotational support cradle.

Abstract: An adjustable plate stand including a plurality of plates configured to hold foodstuffs thereon, a support rod configured to be arranged vertically and support the plurality of plates thereon, and a locking mechanism associated with each of the plurality of plates to lock each of the plurality of plates with respect to the support rod and further configured to allow the plurality of plates to move with respect to the support rod.

Abstract: A dishwasher, especially a household dishwasher, at least comprising a crockery basket provided with a storage tray for items to be washed, said storage tray comprising at least one holding device to be brought into contact with a first section of the crockery basket in order to fix to the crockery basket in a first storage position for placing items to be washed. According to the invention, the holding device is designed to be brought into contact with a second section of the crockery basket in order to fix to the crockery basket in a second storage position for placing items to be washed.

Abstract: This invention relates to photovoltaic modules and arrays, methods of assembling photovoltaic arrays, and methods for shipping components of photovoltaic arrays.

Abstract: The present application provides a modular racking system for use with a number of products. The modular racking system may include a number of support members and a number of shelves. The shelves may include a number of locking sections with a tapered cutout sized for one of the support members.

Abstract: A shelf (10) that is of a square or rectangular configuration so as to have a first pair of sides (11) that are generally parallel and transversely spaced and generally perpendicular to the sides (11). The shelf (10) has a body (14) injected of moulded plastics material with elongated frame members (15, 16) moulded within the body (14).

Abstract: An adjustable gondola shelving system is disclosed. The system has a plurality of dividers having openings for receiving pins or rivets. The dividers may be angled on the gondola. A product stop bar may extend over the top of the dividers. The product stop may prevent articles displayed on the shelf from being inadvertently pushed to the back of the shelf. The product stop increases the rigidity of the dividers. The dividers may be altered in position with respect to the shelf depending on the article(s) being displayed.

Abstract: A decking member can have a plurality of panels each with first and second side supports and center supports that maybe discrete components. The plurality of panels can each have a plurality of slots and optional hooks. A shelving system has a frame and at least one decking member.

Abstract: A vertical lift system provides an ergonomic system for raising and lowering a lift carriage which contains non-slidable and/or slidable shelves. By having interchangeable modular raceways providing electrical, liquid, vacuum, gas and/or data delivery systems, equipment and appliances can be easily connected to these delivery systems without interfering with the up/down movement of the vertical lift carriage. The vertical lift system also includes a height adjustable work surface which can be raised/lowered based on an individual's personal preference. Some of the shelves can be manually extended or electronically controlled. The vertical lift system also allows the monitoring, processing and collecting of data from multiple pieces of equipment. The vertical lift system can connect to local and global networks and systems, such as the Internet or other communication systems or networks, other shared equipment, and can monitor alarm and environment data.

Abstract: A lattice piece for a crane includes four corner posts and of null bars and diagonal bars connecting the same, wherein at least a part of the null and diagonal bars are foldably articulated to at least one corner post, and at least one adjusting unit is provided for performing the folding movement, wherein at least one drive is connected or connectable with at least one adjusting unit.

Abstract: Performs used in the preperation of a transiently-extant drink bottle is described. The drink bottle may be formed from joining two separate closable fluid holding compartments, each compartment capable of holding a unique drinking fluid. Joining of the compartments tends to allow for greater consumer choice in beverage selection as well as potential cooling of one beverage through its non-contact proximity to a second frozen beverage. PET preforms having joining elements can also aid in joining of closable fluid holding compartments to form a transiently-extant disposable drink bottle.

Abstract: A blow-molding method for forming a squeezable or tubular plastic container is provided. The method includes molding a preform having a sidewall, an interior cavity, an open end, a closed end, and a neck adjacent the closed end of the preform. The neck of the preform has an engagement structure. The method includes providing a blow mold system including a blow mold cavity. The method includes placing at least a portion of the preform into the blow mold cavity, and blow molding a one-piece container body from the preform by inflating the preform within the blow mold cavity. The container body has an open end, a closed end and a neck adjacent to the closed end. Wherein the open end of the container body is formed from the open end of the preform, and the closed end of the container body is formed from the closed end of the preform. The method includes creating a dispensing opening through the closed end of the container body.

Abstract: A tamper-evident cap is disclosed having a circular closure member, a cylindrical annular wall depending generally from the periphery of the closure member terminating with a base and having a plurality of serrations, and a tamper-evident band circumferentially positioned around the base having teeth and attached to a portion of the base. The tamper-evident band may be mounted to the base by at least one of the teeth or attached by at least one of the serrations extending below the base. The interior and/or exterior of the cylindrical wall may be stepped. The tamper-evident band may have a groove between the teeth for retaining the tamper-evident band on a neck finish. A neck finish having at least one set of teeth and optional raised portions for securing the tamper-evident band in place is also disclosed. The neck finish may be stepped to correspond with a cap having a cylindrical wall with a stepped interior. A cap and neck finish combination for a container is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agent for removing a conductive film, which contains: an acid having a boiling point of 80° C. or higher, a base having a boiling point of 80° C. or higher, or a compound which generates an acid or a base by external energy in combination with a solvent, a resin, and a leveling agent. Also disclosed is a method for removing a conducting film, which uses the agent for removing a conductive film. The agent for removing a conductive film and the method for removing a conductive film are capable of in-place uniformity removing a desired portion of a conductive film.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a printed circuit board, a substrate, including a number of plated through holes (PTHs) is provided. Each of the PTHs has an electrically conductive layer plated on its inner wall and includes an electrically connecting portion and a stub. A protective layer is formed on a surface of the substrate adjacent to the stub. An etching device, including an upper plate and a number of spray tubes corresponding to the PTHs, is provided. Each of the spray tubes includes a protruding portion beyond the upper plate. The substrate is arranged in such a manner that the protective layer is in contact with the upper plate and the protruding portions are received in the stubs. After that, the protruding portions spray an etchant to etch and remove the electrically conductive layer of the stubs, and the protective layer is removed.

Abstract: A method for making a micro-device including at least one receiving site for components, formed in a thickness of a substrate. The method includes: a) making in at least one first substrate adhesively bonded to a second substrate via a discontinuous adhesive bonding interface, at least one first trench around at least one sacrificial block of the first substrate, by etching the first substrate so as to expose the adhesive bonding interface; and b) removing the sacrificial block so as to make at least one first cavity in the first substrate.

Abstract: A plasma processing method includes: etching an anti reflection coating film with plasma generated from an etching gas by using a resist film that is patterned as a mask, in a deposited film in which an Si-ARC film constituting the anti reflection coating film is formed on a layer to be etched and the ArF resist film is formed on the anti reflection coating film; and modifying the ArF resist film with plasma generated from a modifying gas including a CF4 gas, a COS gas and an Ar gas by introducing the modifying gas into a plasma processing apparatus, wherein the modifying is performed before the etching.

Abstract: A plasma source includes multiple ring plasma chambers, multiple primary windings, multiple ferrites and a control system. Each one of the primary windings is wrapped around an exterior one of the ring plasma chambers. Each one of the plurality of the ring plasma chamber passes through a respective portion of the plurality of ferrites. The control system is coupled to each of the ring plasma chambers. A system and method for generating and using a plasma are also described.

Abstract: A wire bonding machine is provided. The wire bonding machine includes a bonding tool and an electrode for forming a free air ball on an end of a wire extending through the bonding tool where the free air ball is formed at a free air ball formation area of the wire bonding machine. The wire bonding machine also includes a bond site area for holding a semiconductor device during a wire bonding operation. The wire bonding machine also includes a gas delivery mechanism configured to provide a cover gas to: (1) the bond site area whereby the cover gas is ejected through at least one aperture of the gas delivery mechanism to the bond site area, and (2) the free air ball formation area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the highly-thick thermal coating of joints by using electrofusion in pipes used for conducting fluids, made of steel tubes externally coated with polyolefins, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) Placing an anticorrosive coating on the steel pipes to be joined; b) Placing and adjusting the half-round pipes in the connection area of the pipes, and possibly, the linking parts; c) Exerting pressure between the half-round pipes by using compression equipment; d) Connecting the electrical resistances to an external power source; e) Electrofusion welding the adjacent surfaces; f) Cooling and disassembling the compression elements of step c).

Abstract: A machining program used for machining a workpiece with a wire-cut electric discharge machine is used for measuring a shape of the workpiece. A wire electrode moved in a direction away from the workpiece by an offset command for machining is moved close to the workplace in workplace measurement after the machining. In other words, the wire electrode is moved in an opposite direction to an offset direction for the machining. Then, an end face position of the machined workpiece detected by a position of the wire electrode when the wire electrode comes in contact with the workpiece.

Abstract: An electrode unit of a spot welding machine in which a recessed fitting portion having a circular shape in section is formed in a surface of a projecting portion of an electrode holder. A first groove is formed in an inner peripheral surface of the recessed fitting portion. A cooling water passage continuous to the recessed fitting portion is formed in the electrode holder. A columnar fitting portion is formed in a base end of the abutting portion of the electrode. A second groove is formed in an outer peripheral surface of the fitting portion. The fitting portion is inserted in the recessed fitting portion. An O ring is fitted in the first groove and the second groove. Then the electrode is attached to the projecting portion. A cooling water circulated in the cooling water passage cools down the electrode and the projecting portion.

Abstract: A blow-back plasma arc torch employs a plasma gas and a separately supplied secondary fluid. The secondary fluid serves to internally cool an electrode of the torch and to shield the plasma gas and arc emanating from the primary nozzle of the torch. The secondary fluid can be a gas or liquid water. Secondary fluid or plasma gas is used to actuate a piston to which the electrode is connected so as to move the electrode from a starting position to an operating position. The secondary fluid is supplied to the torch at a greater mass flow rate than the plasma gas.

Abstract: A system for supplying fluids to a plasma arc torch includes a single-gas power supply for regulating supply of electrical power to the plasma arc torch and for regulating supply of a first fluid to the plasma arc torch, a flow regulator for regulating supply of a second fluid to the plasma arc torch, and a first pressure-actuated valve disposed between the flow regulator and the plasma arc torch. The pressure-actuated valve shuts off supply of the second fluid to the torch when the first pressure-actuated valve is closed and allows the second fluid to be supplied to the torch when the first pressure-actuated valve is open. The first pressure-actuated valve is structured and arranged to be opened by pressure of the first fluid being supplied to the torch and to be closed when the first fluid is not being supplied to the torch. The system can also include a second pressure-actuated valve in the supply line for the first fluid, which is opened by pressure of the second fluid being supplied to the torch.

Abstract: The machining device is equipped with a fiber laser oscillator for oscillating laser light of a top hat shape, and a light collecting lens and a machining head for collecting the laser light of the top hat shape and emitting the laser light onto a machining target such that the beam diameter of the laser light of the top hat shape at a position where light intensity becomes the one corresponding to a machining threshold of the machining target is about three times the size of the beam diameter of laser light in a Gaussian mode at the same position, when the laser light in the Gaussian mode has a beam quality substantially the same as that of the laser light of the top hat shape.

Abstract: An electric spot welding gun (10) includes: a servo motor (40); a push rod (50) that advances and retracts in response to rotation of a rotor (43) of the servo motor; a drive-side electrode tip (71) that is mounted to a drive-side arm (70) fixed to a leading end of the push rod; and an encoder (60) that detects the rotation angle of the rotor of the servo motor, the position of the electrode tip being offset relative to the push rod, in which the rotor and the encoder are disposed in parallel to each other in an offset plane on which the electrode tip is offset relative to the push rod, at an attitude in which a trailing end (44) of the rotor on a side opposite to a push rod side thereof and an input end (64) of the encoder are facing in the same direction.

Abstract: A high power disintegrator system comprising a master disintegrator unit and a power booster disintegrator unit, the units being connectable in parallel to a common electrode, each unit including a cutting transformer and an adjustable auto transformer arranged to supply an adjustable voltage to its cutting transformer, an electrical control circuit responsive to voltage detected in the power booster unit that prevents operation of the booster unit when the auto transformers are set to produce different voltages at their respective cutting transformer.

Abstract: A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is set in which the direction of a weld line is the Y direction, a direction perpendicular to a surface of a material to be welded is the Z direction, and a direction perpendicular to the Y direction and the Z direction is the X direction. A coordinate system A of XAYAZA is set as a previous stage coordinate system, which ranges from a previous step to a current step, and a coordinate system B of XBYBZB is set as a next stage coordinate system, which ranges from the current step to a next step. The weld line is defined by these coordinate systems that use a workpiece as a reference, and an operator specifies the amount of travel of a torch in these workpiece coordinate systems. By this method, offline teaching can be accurately performed in a welding system without requiring skill in operation.

Abstract: A welding gun is provided that can achieve both a size reduction and increase in pressure using a servo motor. The welding gun (1,2) includes an arm holder (30) having guide pins (31a, 31b and 32a, 32b) that are moveable along guide tracks (12a, 12b) formed in a gun bracket (10), and a mobile gun arm (40) is mounted to this arm holder. Roller followers (33a, 33b and 34a, 34b) engaging with the guide tracks around the guide pins are provided, and the mobile gun arm is made to open or close via the arm holder using a servo motor (72).

Abstract: Grommet assemblies (600, 700, 800, 900) maintain liquids or other materials within vessels (606, 706, 806, 902) at desired temperatures selectively above or below ambient. Certain of the grommet assemblies (600, 700) are receivable within apertures (612, 712) within a work surface (604, 704). A thermoelectric device (638, 738) is utilized in combination with a hot/cold plate (620, 720) to selectively heat or cool liquids or other materials contained within the vessel (606, 706).

Abstract: Provided is a mounting table structure on which a target object is mounted to perform a heat treatment on the target object in a processing chamber and which heats the mounted target object. Outermost peripheral feed lines are connected to a plurality of positions different in the circumferential direction of an outermost peripheral resistance heating heater for heating an outermost peripheral heating zone of a mounting table body, thereby dividing the outermost peripheral resistance heating heater into a plurality of heater sections. A heater control unit can individually control electrical states (for example, voltage application states, zero potential states, and floating states) of the respective outermost peripheral feed lines. The power supply state of each of the heater sections can be changed by a simple configuration.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention provide a battery heating circuit, comprising a switch unit (1), a switching control module (100), a damping component R1, an energy storage circuit, a freewheeling circuit (20), and an energy superposition unit, the energy storage circuit is configured to connect with the battery to form a loop, and comprises a current storage component L1 and a charge storage component C1; the damping component R1, the switch unit (1), the current storage component L1, and the charge storage component C1 are connected in series; the switching control module (100) is connected with the switch unit (1), and is configured to control ON/OFF of the switch unit (1), so as to control the energy flowing between the battery and the energy storage circuit; the energy superposition unit is connected with the energy storage circuit, and is configured to superpose the energy in the energy storage circuit with the energy in the battery when the switch unit (1) switches on and then switches off

Abstract: The invention relates to a furnace for the firing of dental prostheses or partial dental prostheses having a firing chamber, a heating device for the heating of the firing chamber, a firing tray arranged within the firing chamber during firing and a lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the firing tray. A moving mechanism is additionally provided by which the firing tray can be moved with an open firing chamber between a lifting position and a loading position laterally offset thereto.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of a thermal processing including a first process and a second process. The first process between first wafer (initial wafer) W1 and second wafer (next wafer) W2 (and subsequent wafers W), comprises changing a set temperature of a heating plate from a first temperature to a second temperature which is lower than the first temperature; and initiating a thermal processing for a first substrate before the temperature of the heating plate reaches the second temperature. The second process comprises changing the set temperature of the heating plate from the second temperature to a third temperature which is higher than the second temperature, after the first process for the first substrate is completed; and initiating a thermal processing for a second substrate when the temperature of the heating plate is changed from the third temperature to the second temperature after the temperature of the heating plate reached the third temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for measuring temperature in a cooking appliance, both of which utilize a circuit for reading an input from a thermal resistive device. By including a processor and an amplifier in the circuit, embodiments reduce the number of processor pins required to modify the amplified input arising from the amplifier. In one embodiment, the processor utilizes a single processor pin, through which is distributed a control output corresponding to the input and modifying the operating parameters of the amplifier.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal processing method including a first process comprising changing a set temperature of the heating plate from a first temperature to a second temperature; initiating a thermal processing for a first substrate before the temperature of the heating plate reaches the second temperature; obtaining temperature data of the heating plate after the thermal processing is initiated; changing the set temperature of the heating plate from the second temperature when the set temperature reaches the second temperature; and thermal processing of the first substrate using the heating plate for which the set temperature has been changed. The method further includes a second process comprising reinstating the temperature of the heating plate to the second temperature after the thermal processing of the first substrate; and thermal processing of a next substrate using the heating plate while the temperature of the heating plate is maintained at the second temperature.

Abstract: A soldering head for an induction-soldering apparatus for soldering a contact strip onto a solar cell and a soldering process using the soldering head are provided. The soldering head has a soldering side, with which the soldering head is placed onto the site to be soldered during the soldering process, an inductor loop with a feed region and a coupling-out region arranged on the soldering side, a main body made of an electrically non-conductive material, and a fastener, with which the main body is fixed to the inductor loop, wherein the coupling-out region of the inductor loop is exposed on the soldering side, and the main body has one or more spacer elements, on the soldering side, which are arranged outside the coupling-out region and protrude beyond the coupling-out region of the inductor loop.

Abstract: An apparatus for efficient heating liquids or gases comprising of a transformer having a primary and secondary winding wherein the secondary winding forms a shorted heating element permitting liquid or gas to pass therethrough, wherein the liquid or gas is heated and heat transfer may be optionally facilitated through use of disc filters disposed within said heating element promoting turbulent flow which aids in mixing and more efficient thermal transfer. In an alternative embodiment, the heating element is not the secondary winding but another portion of the circuit on the alienation side of the transformer. The heating element may be comprised of a variety of sizes, shapes, and materials. In an alternative embodiment, the alienation side of the transformer may have a reverse winding which cancels reactive currents generated in the secondary winding.

Abstract: A reusable container to transport groceries and the like from the point of purchase which can be closed to a condition for storage in which the container utilizes minimum space to an open position to receive the groceries and the like.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relates generally to a high-strength, thermally-insulating receptacle for transporting modular catering containers, such as chafing dishes in general, and disposable aluminum chafing dishes in particular. More particularly, embodiments of the present invention relates to thermally-insulating receptacles for transporting chafing dishes that caterers receive as foldable box blanks and assemble into receptacles prior to transporting the chafing dishes. Embodiments further relate to food-laden chafing dishes disposed in the receptacles of the invention and methods for transporting food laden chafing dishes with the receptacles of the invention and serving food therefrom.

Abstract: A tank is formed from panels fastened together edge to edge to form four upstanding side walls and base panels where across the base the panels extend from one side to the other. The panels are composite and formed from a honeycomb core panel with a foam material filling the tubular cells and a fibrous reinforcing cover sheets. The walls are supported by a metal frame including a base member extending along the wall at the bottom of the panels and a plurality of joining members connected to the base member and upstanding therefrom for holding the ends of the panels in end to end relationship. Cables extend along the walls adjacent the base member and connect to end posts of the walls. A series of posts stand along the walls on the outside and are connected across the tank by cables extending over the top edge of the walls.