Abstract: A convenient preparation of boron-containing compounds, borate salts, pyrrolecarbonitrile boron-containing compounds, N-substituted-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile boron-containing compounds, and derivatives thereof is provided. The present invention also provides for the use of these boron-containing compounds and derivatives thereof in coupling reactions to provide bi-aryl compounds.

Abstract: Methods for preparing cyclic carbamates and thiocarbamates containing cyanopyrrole moieties and of the formula are provided: Z are the same or different and are H, optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, or CORA; RA is H, optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkoxy, or optionally substituted C1 to C6 aminoalkyl; Q are the same or different and are H, OH, NH2, CN, halogen, optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C2 to C6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkynyl, optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkoxy, optionally substituted C1 to C6 aminoalkyl, or CORB; and RB is H, optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkoxy, or optionally substituted C1 to C6 aminoalkyl.

Abstract: Reactive fluorescent dyes compositions and methods of using same are disclosed. Nile Red nucleus dyes are disclosed having thiol-reactive groups. Nile Red nucleus dyes are disclosed that exhibit a fluorescence emission of at least about 575 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pyrimidine compound of the formula (II?): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or C1-C4 alkyl; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or C1-C3 alkyl; X3 represents C5 polymethylene, in which a single CH2—CH2 may be replaced with a single CH?CH, substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, trifluoromethyl and C1-C4 alkyls.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the following structure (II) are disclosed: as are methods for making such compounds. Compositions and methods for treating various disease conditions including cancer and non-cancer diseases associated with vascular proliferation are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and reagents for photo-initiated carbonylation with carbon-isotope labeled carbon monoxide using weakly nucleophilic amines and alkyl/aryl iodides are provided. The resultant carbon-isotope labeled amides are useful as radiopharmaceuticals, especially for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Associated kits for PET studies are also provided.

Abstract: Novel energy transfer dyes which can be used with shorter wavelength light sources are provided. These dyes include a donor dye with an absorption maxima at a wavelength between about 250 to 450 nm and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye. One of the energy transfer dyes has a donor dye which is a member of a class of dyes having a coumarin or pyrene ring structure and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye, wherein the donor dye has an absorption maxima between about 250 and 450 nm and the acceptor dye has an emission maxima at a wavelength greater than about 500 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel catecholamine derivatives of Formula I, to processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use in therapy.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of producing compounds, which are useful as bleach boosters, as well as to the compounds, which are obtainable using said process, and to their use.

Abstract: Amino(oligo)thiophene dyes useful for studying the electrophysiology of organelles, cells, and tissues are described. Compared to previously known dyes, the amino(oligo)thiophene dyes exhibit improved (faster) response to membrane potential changes, as well as the ability to be excited by 1064 nanometer femtosecond pulses. Methods of preparing the amino( oligo )thiophene dyes are also described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a lyophilized preparation which contains a synthetic quinolone antibacterial compound and, as a solo additive, a pH-adjusting agent, and which exhibits an excellent reconstituting property. The invention provides a method for producing a lyophilized preparation containing a synthetic quinolone antibacterial compound as an active ingredient, characterized by including, sequentially, cooling an aqueous solution containing a synthetic quinolone antibacterial compound and a pH-adjusting agent to yield a frozen product, elevating the temperature of the frozen product, and re-cooling the resultant to prepare the lyophilized preparation.

Abstract: The use of a compound of formula (I), Y is a single bond, C?O, C?S or S(O)m where m is 0, 1 or 2; the ring (II) is a 6 membered aromatic ring or is a 5 or 6 membered heteroaromatic ring; Z and Z? are ?C— or —N— provided that both are not N; R1, R2 R3, R3a, R4, R8 and Ra are specified organic groups and n and p are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; or salts or N-oxides thereof or compositions containing them in controlling insects, acarines, nematodes or molluscs. Novel compounds are also provided.

Abstract: An alkyl ether derivative represented by the general formula: wherein each of R1 and R2 represents one or more groups selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, an alkenyl group, an alkenyloxy group, an amino group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a heterocyclic group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, an oxo group and the like; R3 is an alkylamino group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or the like; the ring A is a 5-membered or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring or a benzene ring; each of m and n is an integer of 1 to 6; and p is an integer of 1 to 3, or its salt has activity to protect neurons, activity to accelerate nerve regeneration and activity to accelerate neurite extension and hence is useful as a therapeutic agent for diseases in central and peripheral nerves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of Lansoprazole of formula (I). More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for the purification of crude Lansoprazole in a solvent in presence of an alkali salt of an organic acid or in presence of an organic base such as piperidine or imidazole.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a [di(ether or thioether)heteroaryl or fluoro substituted aryl] compound or an N-oxide thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is useful for inhibiting the production or physiological effects of TNF in the treatment of a patient suffering from a disease state associated with a physiologically detrimental excess of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Compounds within the scope of the present invention also inhibit cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, and are useful in treating a disease state associated with pathological conditions that are modulated by inhibiting cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, such disease states including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, in particular type IV cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. The present invention is therefore directed to their pharmacological use for inhibiting TNF and/or cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, pharmacological compositions comprising the compounds and methods for their preparation.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having the formula: wherein the variables are as defined herein. The invention further relates to methods of making and using these compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprise the compounds.

Abstract: 2-Substituted-5-(1-alkylthio)alkylpyridines are produced efficiently and in high yield from a non-pyridine source by cyclization.

Abstract: Novel 1,2,4-oxadiazole benzoic acid compounds, methods of using and pharmaceutical compositions comprising an 1,2,4-oxadiazole benzoic acid derivative are disclosed. The methods include methods of treating or preventing a disease ameliorated by modulation of premature translation termination or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, or ameliorating one or more symptoms associated therewith.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I in free or salt form, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 have the meanings as indicated in the specification, are useful for treating diseases mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Pharmaceutical compositions that contain the compounds and processes for preparing the compounds are also described.

Abstract: A copper catalyzed click chemistry ligation process is employed to bind azides and terminal acetylenes to provide 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole triazoles. The process comprises contacting an organic azide and a terminal alkyne with a source of reactive Cu(I) ion for a time sufficient to form by cycloaddition a 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole. The source of reactive Cu(I) ion can be, for example, a Cu(I) salt or copper metal. The process is preferably carried out in a solvent, such as an aqueous alcohol. Optionally, the process can be performed in a solvent that comprises a ligand for Cu(I) and an amine.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ionic liquid which is stable over a wide potential range and exhibits a high ionic conductivity. The ionic liquid comprises a cyclic guanidine salt represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each is independently an alkyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group, X is a methylene group, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or R3N; R3 is an alkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, or an acyl group; l, m, and n each is an integer in the range of 1-6; Y? is a monovalent anion such as (R4SO2)2N?, R4SO3?, R4COO?, BF4?, PF6?, NO3?, (CN)2N?, (CHO)2N?, NCS?, R4OSO3?, R4SO2S?, and a halogen ion. The ionic liquid is useful for a variety of electrolytes, particularly for electrolytes of electrochemical cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 1-substituted-4-nitroimidazole compound represented by the general formula (1) or a salt thereof, (wherein R is a hydrogen atom, a lower alkoxy group-substituted lower alkyl group, a phenyl-lower alkoxy group-substituted lower alkyl group, a cyano-substituted lower alkyl group, a phenyl-lower alkyl group which may have lower alkoxy groups as the substituents in the phenyl ring or a group of the formula —CH2RA; X is a halogen atom or a group of the formula —S(O)n-R1) and method for preparing the same. The compound of the formula (1) is a useful compound as an intermediate for synthesis of various pharmaceutical and agricultural chemicals, particularly, as intermediates for antitubercular agents.

Abstract: This invention provides a class of therapeutic compounds and methods for the treatment of mammals with physiological disorders, such as for example a frequently occurring type of essential hypertension, which are critically associated with the decreased binding of magnesium to the plasma membranes of their cells. These methods consist of administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a compound selected from a series of disubstituted trans, trans 1,3-butadienes, 1,3-disubstituted perhydrobutadienes, 1,2-disubstituted trans ethylenes and 1,2 disubstituted ethanes and disubstituted propanes, each of which embodies, in common, the unique structural feature essential for the biological activity of these compounds. This invention also provides for pharmaceutical formulations that employ these novel compounds.

Abstract: Sulfonamide derivatives act as ion channel antagonists. The compositions are useful for treating or relieving pain-related conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the anticoagulation of human blood ex vivo in which blood calcium concentration remains the same, no thrombin is formed and thrombocyte function is not affected. The invention further relates to a blood coagulation factor Xa inhibitor that can be advantageously used in this method, an agent that contains an inhibitor of the blood coagulation factor Xa, and a kit for diagnosing cellular blood components. The anticoagulated blood obtained according to the invention can be used for examining cellular blood components, for example for the diagnosis of thrombocyte function.

Abstract: A process for the purification of a crude liquid feed stream comprising 1,4-butanediol and a minor amount of 2-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran and/or precursors thereof wherein the process comprises passing the crude feed in the presence of hydrogen in a reaction zone over a heterogeneous liquid tolerant copper catalyst in the liquid phase at hydrogenation conditions and recovering a purified stream of 1,4-butanediol having a lower amount of 2-(4-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran than the crude liquid feed stream.

Abstract: A method for preparing a dianhydrohexitol diester composition, characterized in that it comprises a step which consists in esterifying a dianhydrohexitol composition with a carboxylic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst and hypophosphorous acid. Preferably, the hypophosphorous acid is introduced in an amount ranging between 0.05 and 2 wt. % of dianhydrohexitol, and in a hypophosphorous acid/acid catalyst weight ratio less than 1/1. The method enables novel dianhydrohexitol diester compositions, for example isosorbide diesters, isomannide and/or isoidide richer in diester(s) and/or less colored, useful in numerous industrial applications, in particular in plastic compositions, to be obtained.

Abstract: Alcohols are catalytically oxidized to aldehydes, in particular to benzaldehyde and diformylfuran, which are useful as intermediates for a multiplicity of purposes. The invention also relates to the polymerization of the dialdehyde and to the decarbonylation of the dialdehyde to furan.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved systems for recovery of alkylene oxide from feed streams containing the same in an alkylene oxide recovery column. The invention also relates to improved processes for recovery of alkylene oxide from feed streams containing the same in an alkylene oxide recovery column.

Abstract: The invention relates to phospholipid-like compounds having defined apolar constituents and to the use of such compounds as liposomes, active ingredients, and solubilizers.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing fatty acid alkyl esters at high reaction efficiency, wherein the impurities inhibiting the reaction such as water are removed sufficiently. The fatty acid alkyl esters are produced efficiently, by a method of producing fatty acid alkyl esters, at least comprising (A) a step of removing at least water from an oil/fat raw material, (B) a step of converting the fatty acid glycerides contained in the oil/fat raw material into fatty acid alkyl esters and reducing the triglyceride content in the fatty acid alkyl esters obtained to 0.1 wt % or less by fine-particle dispersion and agitation, and (C) a step of separating at least glycerol from the mixture containing fatty acid alkyl esters.

Abstract: The present invention describes novel metal complexes. Compounds of this type can be employed as functional materials in a number of different applications which can be ascribed to the electronics industry in the broadest sense. The compounds according to the invention are described by the formulae (1) and (1a).

Abstract: Aminosilane precursors for depositing silicon-containing films, and methods for depositing silicon-containing films from these aminosilane precursors, are described herein. In one embodiment, there is provided an aminosilane precursor for depositing silicon-containing film comprising the following formula (I): (R1R2N)nSiR34-n??(I) wherein substituents R1 and R2 are each independently chosen from an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and an aryl group comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, at least one of substituents R1 and R2 comprises at least one electron withdrawing substituent chosen from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, PO(OR)2, OR, SO, SO2, SO2R and wherein R in the at least one electron withdrawing substituent is chosen from an alkyl group or an aryl group, R3 is chosen from H, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, and n is a number ranging from 1 to 4.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing organosilanes of the general formula I by reacting (haloorganyl)alkoxysilane of the formula II with hydrous alkali metal hydrogensulphide, sulphur and alkali metal carbonate in alcohol, wherein the molar (haloorganyl)alkoxysilane of the formula II to alkali metal hydrogensulphide ratio is between 1:0.4 and 1:0.75, and the molar alkali metal hydrogensulphide to alkali metal carbonate ratio is between 1:0.5 and 1:1.5.

Abstract: A phosphonic acid diester derivative represented by the following general formula (1): wherein at least one of R1 and R2 denotes a leaving group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2,5-di-substituted-4-naphthyloxy-substituted-phenyl-amidine derivatives of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as in the description, their process of preparation, their use as fungicide or insecticide active agents, particularly in the form of fungicide or insecticide compositions, and methods for the control of phytopathogenic fungi or damaging insects, notably of plants, using these compounds or compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing acetone cyanohydrin and to a process for preparing alkyl methacrylates, in which an acetone cyanohydrin as can be prepared in accordance with the present invention is used.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I), the process comprising: (i) the reaction of a compound of formula (III), with a compound of formula (IV) to give a compound of formula (II), and (ii) the reaction of the compound of formula (II) with a leaving group, to give the compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel macrocyclic compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, n1, m, p Z1, Z2, and Z3 are as describe in the specification. The invention also relates to compounds of formula (I) which are antagonists of the motilin receptor and are useful in the treatment of disorders associated with this receptor and with or with motility dysfunction.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel arylalkyl carboxylic acid derivatives, more specifically, with acylates of arylalkyl carboxylic acids with naturally occurring, non-toxic hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, amino or imino compounds, and to compositions containing them. The compositions are preferably cosmetic preparations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing allyl methacrylate, comprising the reaction of allyl alcohol with an ester of methacrylic acid, wherein the reaction is catalyzed by zirconium acetylacetonate. The process according to the invention enables particularly favorable preparation of allyl methacrylate with a very high purity.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to improved methods and herbicidal glyphosate compositions for use in controlling the growth of weeds and unwanted vegetation, and particularly for use in controlling weeds in a crop of transgenic glyphosate-tolerant cotton plants by over-the-top, foliar application of a herbicidal glyphosate formulation.

Abstract: A process and a related plant layout for producing urea are disclosed, wherein the high-pressure loop (1) comprises a synthesis reactor (2), a thermal stripper (3), a condenser (4), and an adiabatic CO2 stripper (10) disposed upstream said thermal stripper, separating a vapour phase (13) containing ammonia from the urea solution (9) discharged from the reactor, and recycling said vapour phase to the reactor. The adiabatic stripper (10) can be incorporated in a reactor (200) having a top reaction zone and a bottom adiabatic stripping zone. A revamping method for a conventional urea plant in accordance with the inventive process is also disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to compounds and methods useful in modulating angiogenesis and methods of treating or preventing diseases associated with angiogenesis by administering a polycationic compound. The present invention relates to methods of use and compositions for inhibiting angiogenesis-mediated disorders in mammals including animals and humans. Additionally, this invention relates to the combined use of polycations with other anti-angiogenesis agents for the treatment of different angiogenesis-mediated disorders. Additionally, those polycationic compounds can be used with various anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic agents as well as with radio-therapeutic agents in cancer patients to prevent and treat tumor growth and metastasis.

Abstract: A composition which provides surface effects to substrates comprising a polymer containing at least one urea linkage prepared by (i) reacting (1) at least one organic diioscyanate, polyisocyanate, or mixture thereof, and (2) at least one fluorochemical compound of Formula I Rf—O(CF2CF2)r(CH2CH2)q(R1)sXH??Formula (I) wherein Rf is a linear or branched C1 to C7 perfluoroalkyl optionally interrupted by one to three oxygen atoms, r is 1 to 3, q is 1 to 3, s is 0 or 1, X is O, S, or NR2 wherein R2 is H, or C1 to C6 alkyl, and R1 is a divalent radical selected from —S(CH2)n—, p is 1 to 50, and R3, R4 and R5 are each independently H or C1 to C6 alkyl; (ii) and then reacting with (3) water, a linking agent, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A composition comprising a compound of formula (I) or (II): wherein r and q are independently integers of 1 to 3; Rf is linear or branched chain perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; j is an integer 0 or 1, or a mixture thereof, x is 1 or 2, Z is —O— or —S—, X is hydrogen or M, and M is an ammonium ion, an alkali metal ion, or an alkanolammonium ion is disclosed.

Abstract: Photolabile fragrance storage substances capable of the photo-induced release of cyclic compounds having semi-cyclic double bonds are described. Further described is a method for sustained scenting of surfaces and a method for production of said fragrance storage substances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of a 1,4-dialkyl-2,3-diol-1,4-butanedione by a acidic aldol condensation between an alkyl glyoxal and an ?-hydroxy ketone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of aldehydes and/or alcohols having at least 6 carbon atoms by multistage hydroformylation of olefins or olefin mixtures having at least 5 carbon atoms in the presence of unmodified cobalt complexes, in which at least two reactors are operated at different temperatures in the temperature range from 100 to 220° C. and pressures of from 100 to 400 bar, which is characterized in that a) one reactor is operated at temperatures above 160° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing olefin codimers, the olefin codimers which can be obtained by this process, a process for preparing alcohols in which such olefin codimers are subjected to hydroformylation and subsequent hydrogenation, the alcohol mixtures which can be obtained in this way and their use.