Abstract: The present invention relates to a compressor in which a rotary member suspended on a stationary member is rotated to compress the refrigerant. The rotary member is suspended on a first stationary member and rotatably supported on a second stationary member spaced apart from the first stationary member, which achieves the structural stability and allows the components to be easily centered and assembled. A refrigerant suction passage and a refrigerant discharge passage are improved such that the refrigerant can be sucked and discharged without a valve.

Abstract: A rotary mechanism including a rotor assembly having a plurality of piston members distributed about its periphery, and a rotary member in peripheral engagement with the rotor assembly. The rotary member (7) includes a plurality of piston receiving formations in its periphery for receiving the piston members, whereby during rotation of the rotor assembly the piston members move into and out of the piston receiving formations, and a plurality of conduits arranged to connect peripheral portions of the rotary member to an interior portion thereof. The rotary mechanism includes a flow separation device having an inlet port for receiving fluid into the rotary mechanism and an outlet port for enabling fluid to exit the rotary mechanism, a first passageway for connecting the inlet port with the interior side of at least one of the conduits formed in the rotary member and a second passageway for connecting the outlet port with the interior side of at least one of the conduits formed in the rotary member.

Abstract: A screw compressor includes a pair of rotors housed in a rotor chamber. A gas sucked from an intake channel is compressed by the screw rotors and discharged from a discharge channel. A columnar space having a functional end face with an opening into an intermediate pressure section, which is an empty space in the rotor chamber and isolatable from both the intake channel and the discharge channel by the screw rotors. The functional end face has an opening into a bypass channel in communication with the discharge channel. A piston, inserted in the columnar space and brought into contact with the functional end face, separates the intermediate pressure section from the bypass channel when the piston contacts the functional end face. A pressure detection channel allows an area located on an opposite side of the functional end face in the columnar space to communicate with the discharge channel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dry pump including: a center cylinder which includes: a plurality of pump chambers containing an upper stage pump chamber that communicates with an intake port and a lower stage pump chamber that communicates with a discharge port; a plurality of rotors contained in the plurality of the pump chambers; a rotating shaft that is a rotation axis of the rotor; and a side face on which a communication hole is formed, the side face being intersected by the rotating shaft extending in the axial direction, and being provided adjacent to the lower stage pump chamber, and a side cover which covers the side face with the communication hole to form a space.

Abstract: A rotary sliding-vane compressor includes an air cylinder, a shaft eccentrically mounted in the air cylinder and rotatable by a motor, sliding vanes coupled to and movable back and forth along radially extending sliding grooves of the shaft, and an oil-gas separating device mounted in the air output port of the air cylinder. The shaft has an axial hole located on one end thereof and coupled to the output shaft of the motor, and two axle bushes respectively mounted on the two opposite ends. Each sliding vane comprises a metal substrate having evenly distributed through holes, and a covering material molded on the surface of the metal substrate and filled up the through holes and having a plurality of discharge grooves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of composite sintering materials using a carbon nanotube comprises the steps of; dipping diluted HF solution, natal, or phosphoric acid along with a carbon nanotube solution dispersed to metal power, forming a predetermined form by pressing the master alloys, sintering the predetermined form in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas to grow the carbon nanotube, generating the carbon nanotube in the pores of the predetermined form by inserting ammonia, carbon dioxide carbonated water, acetylene, methane, methanol, or benzene to the sintered product in an inert gas atmosphere of a temperature about 1200° C. to add a toughness; and re-sintering the sintered product in which the carbon nanotube is generated in the atmosphere of nitrogen gas to growth the carbon nanotube.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of composite sintering materials using a carbon nanotube comprises the steps of; pressing metal power to obtain a predetermined form, heating the predetermined form in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas for sintering, dipping and heating a sintered product obtained by the sintering process to an organic solution dispersed with a carbon nanotube to combine the carbon nanotube for generating the carbon nanotube, and sintering the sintered product in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas for re-sintering to grow the generated carbon nanotube. The composite sintering materials using carbon nanotubes of the present invention have excellent mechanical, thermal, and electric and electronic characteristics as well as have effects of material cost reduction and manufacturing cost reduction due to reduced sintering temperature.

Abstract: A hydridable alloy of formula R1-x-yMgxMyNis-aBa wherein R is selected from the group consisting in rare earths, yttrium and a mixture thereof; M represents Zr and/or Ti; B is selected from the group consisting in Mn, Al, Co, Fe and a mixture thereof; 0.1<x<0.4; 0?y<0.1; 3<s<4.5 and 0?a<1; at least 5% of the volume of which consists of a stack of sequences of a pattern of the A2B4 type and of n patterns of the CaCu5 type randomly distributed along one direction, n being an integer comprised between 1 and 10 and representing the number of patterns of the CaCu5 type per pattern of the A2B4 type. A method for making a hydridable alloy comprising steps for compression and applying a current through a mixture comprising Mg2Ni and a compound comprising nickel and one or several elements selected from the group consisting in rare earths and yttrium.

Abstract: An abrasion resistant steel consisting essentially of, in weight %: 0.20-0.30% carbon, 0.40-1.25% manganese, 0.05% maximum phosphorous, 0.01% maximum sulfur, 0.20-0.60% silicon, 0.50-1.70% chromium, 0.20-2.00% nickel, 0.07-0.60% molybdenum, 0.010-0.10% titanium, 0.001-0.10% boron, 0.015-0.10% aluminum, balance iron, and incidental impurities. The steel may be melted and cast into a steel ingot or slab, hot rolled to a desired plate thickness; austenitized at 1650-1700° F.; water quenched; and tempered at 350-450° F. The resulting steel plate may have a surface hardness of at least 440 HBW, a mid-thickness hardness of at least 90% of the surface hardness, and toughness in the transverse direction at ?60° F. of at least 20 ft-lbs and at room temperature of at least 40 ft-lbs.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for fabricating a gold nanoparticle, the method comprising the steps of contacting a gold ion with a protein, wherein the protein has an inner cavity that can accommodate the gold ion, separating the protein with the encapsulated gold ion(s) from non-encapsulated gold ions, contacting the protein-encapsulated gold ion with a first reductant to reduce the gold ion and form a gold nanocluster seed in the inner cavity of the protein, wherein the first reductant is a strong reductant, and contacting the gold nanocluster seed in the inner cavity of the protein with a second reductant to mineralize and grow the gold nanoparticle.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aluminum casting material including aluminum, silicon, titanium and boron, particularly 81-93 wt % of aluminum, 5-13 wt % of silicon, 1-3 wt % of titanium and 1-3 wt % of boron. The aluminum casting material has superior elasticity compared to that of a conventional aluminum alloy, even without employing a material of high cost such as carbon nanotube (CNT). While the application of the conventional aluminum alloy is largely restricted to a low pressure casting process, the aluminum material of the present invention can be applied to all common casting processes including a high pressure casting.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy sheet for a lithographic printing plate which has excellent ink stain resistance, with a local defect in a photosensitive layer after long-term storage being hard to occur, and excellent the pit uniformity after a roughening and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. An aluminum alloy sheet for a lithographic printing plate containing a predetermined content of Fe, Si, Cu and Ti as well as one type or more selected from B and C, and composed of remaining Al and inevitable impurities, in which a concentration of an aluminum carbide present in the aluminum alloy sheet is not more than 8 ppm, an area occupancy of aggregation substances present on the aluminum alloy sheet surface after the roughening treatment with respect to an arbitrary circle with a radius 5 ?m in the aluminum alloy sheet surface is less than 10%. In a case where the area occupancy is not less than 10%, the aggregation substances are present at a rate of 1 to 2 pieces/50 cm2.

Abstract: The present invention, in certain aspects, discloses systems and methods for treating a human being and/or items with descenting material, the systems, in certain aspects, including a generator for producing descenting material, and, in certain aspects at least one direction apparatus in communication with the generator for receiving produced descenting material from the generator and for directing said descenting material in a desired direction.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods, compositions and apparatus for neutralizing bioagents, wherein bioagents comprise biowarfare agents, biohazardous agents, biological agents and/or infectious agents. The methods comprise exposing the bioagent to an organic semiconductor and exposing the bioagent and organic semiconductor to a source of energy. Although any source of energy is contemplated, in some embodiments the energy comprises visible light, ultraviolet, infrared, radiofrequency, microwave, laser radiation, pulsed corona discharge or electron beam radiation. Exemplary organic semiconductors include DAT and DALM. In certain embodiments, the organic semiconductor may be attached to one or more binding moieties, such as an antibody, antibody fragment, or nucleic acid ligand. Preferably, the binding moiety has a binding affinity for one or more bioagents to be neutralized. Other embodiments concern an apparatus comprising an organic semiconductor and an energy source.

Abstract: There is described a unit for sterilizing container closures comprising: a process chamber having an inlet for receiving a succession of closures to be sterilized and an outlet from which sterilized closures exit; conveying means for advancing the closures through the process chamber along a predetermined path (P); and radiation emitting means acting inside the process chamber, facing the closures moving along the above path (P) and which can be activated for directing sterilizing radiations on said closures to sterilize their surfaces; the conveying means comprise actuator means acting on each closure to produce a rolling movement thereof while it advances along its path (P).

Abstract: A water/wastewater treatment apparatus combines photo catalytic oxidation (PCO) with ultraviolet C (UVC) disinfection, resulting in significantly increasing organism kills from up to log 2 to up to log4. In addition, PCO destruction of organic compounds and its super hydrophilicity reduces or eliminates the potential of quartz sleeve fouling. The quartz sleeve of the present invention includes a nano-layer of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on the outer surface thereof. An optimum amount of UVC photons transmits through the quartz sleeve and excites the TiO2 layer, triggering a powerful PCO process that kills organisms on contact and breaks down volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). The majority of UVC photons will penetrate the quartz sleeve and TiO2 layer to disperse throughout the water/wastewater flow, killing organisms on contact.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting one or more analytes, for example analytes selected from the group comprising nucleic acids, metabolites, peptides, proteins, hormones, pesticides, neurotransmitters, ions in blood, electrolytes, toxic gases, pH and biological warfare agents, the apparatus comprising an insulating substrate, at least one first electrode on the substrate at least one elongate nanostructure extending from and electrically connected to the or each said electrode and extending over the surface of the wafer away from the respective electrode, a passivating layer covering the or each electrode, but not all of said at least one elongate nanostructure, a well crossing the at least one elongate nanostructure extending from the or each electrode and forming a static reservoir for a liquid being investigated for the presence of at least one analyte, a reference electrode provided on said substrate within said well or insertable into said well and respective readout pads electri

Abstract: A system for conveying a sterilant vapor to a plurality of processing lines having articles moving therealong. The system includes a central source of a sterilant vapor. A conveying device is provided for conveying a sterilant vapor from the central source to a plurality of processing lines. A plurality of sensing devices are provided for sensing a plurality of operational parameters associated with the system and the plurality of processing lines. A controller is provided for receiving signals from the plurality of sensing devices. The controller is programmed to monitor continuously the plurality of sensing devices to determine if an event indicative of a malfunction has occurred with respect to the system or the plurality of processing lines. The controller is programmed to adjust the operation of the system in response to the event to maintain uninterrupted operation of one or more of the plurality of processing lines.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor includes a bottom portion, a roof portion and side walls vertically extending between the bottom portion and the roof portion, forming a reaction chamber of the fluidized bed reactor. A solids separator is in connection with the reaction chamber. At least one side wall of the reaction chamber forms at least one indentation in the reaction chamber, which indentation is substantially vertical and extends from the plane of the side wall towards the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A pressurized vessel with tube to directly propel and insert deodorizer and freshener deep into vehicle ventilation system, to settle particulates and odor causing molecule out of air and onto ventilation system walls where chemical deodorizers can react and neutralize malodors including but not limited to smoke odor from tobacco, food odors from eating in a car, pet odors, mildew odors, body odors, soil, etc. These areas cannot be reached with typical cleaning products or cleaning tools without expensive disassembly. This method provides an economical and practical way to achieve deodorization so important to cars ventilation systems can be deodorized easily. Prior art is to install devices on the outside of the vents—not reaching malodors in system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a fragrance distribution device comprising an electrical resistor, a plug or other power source, and a fragrance in a polymer or thermoplastic carrier. The polymer or thermoplastic carrier may include, for example, metal inclusions, which may be powdered metal. These metal inclusions are believed to enhance heat distribution throughout the carrier, thus allowing a more uniform and reliable release of fragrance.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a reduction-oxidation furnace for thermally refining phosphorus. The reduction-oxidation furnace comprises a furnace body and a blow gun, wherein the furnace body has a slag outlet, a fume outlet, and a melt inlet for feeding melts formed by melting rock phosphate into the furnace body and wherein the blow gun has an end inserted into the furnace body. The content of impurities in fumes containing phosphorus pentaoxide is low, the phosphorus pentaoxide can be easily extracted with a high purity of the phosphorus pentaoxide and at low cost by means of the reduction-oxidation furnace for thermally refining phosphorus according to the present invention.

Abstract: A turbulent flow column for a heat and/or material exchange between a liquid phase and a flowing gaseous phase in the counter flow thereto, wherein the turbulent flow column includes at least two sections with a first layer having a high specific surface and a lower throughput capacity and a second layer arranged on top with a lower specific surface and a higher throughput capacity. The first layer of the sections of the turbulent flow column is designed for forming a turbulent flow zone, and thus a spouting bed with pourable first fillers with a high specific surface and a low throughput. The second layer of the sections is designed for forming a separating zone for the liquid phase with pourable second fillers including a lower specific surface and a higher throughput capacity compared to the first fillers of the first layer.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials related to treating mammals (e.g., humans) having a sexual dysfunction that is refractory to treatment with a PDE V inhibitor. For example, methods and materials related to the use of an ACE inhibitor and/or an angiotensin II receptor blocker with a PDE V inhibitor to treat mammals having a sexual dysfunction (e.g., erective dysfunction) that is unresponsive to treatment with a PDE V inhibitor are provided.

Abstract: A system for the production of synthesis gas, the system including a mixing apparatus configured for combining steam with at least one carbonaceous material to produce a reformer feedstock; and a reformer comprising a cylindrical vessel containing a plurality of coiled tubes, wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a vertical height in the range of from about 40 feet 12.2 m) to about 100 feet (30.5 m) and a coil length that is at least four times the vertical height; at least one burner configured to combust a fuel and provide heat to maintain the reformer at a reformer temperature; at least one outlet for reformer product comprising synthesis gas; and at least one outlet for flue gas produced via combustion of fuel in the burners. A suitable mixing apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment device includes an inner shell and an outer shell. Fibrous insulation is positioned within a flexible container. The insulation is compressed 30 to 80 percent by volume. The flexible container is sealed to maintain a compressed state of the insulation. The flexible container and the compressed insulation are positioned between the inner and outer shells of the exhaust treatment device.

Abstract: An ozone generator is provided with a pulse generator (110) that at least includes pulse generation means for generating a pulse voltage and a magnetic switch (SI2) adjusting pulse width of the generated pulse voltage, and a discharge reactor that is provided with a plurality of electrodes to which the pulse voltage for which the pulse width has been adjusted is applied, and that generates a discharge between the plurality of electrodes as a result of the pulse voltage, for which the pulse width has been adjusted, being applied thereto, and also generates ozone as a result of a raw material gas containing oxygen being supplied from the outside to between the electrodes where the discharge has been generated.

Abstract: A porous ceramic honeycomb article comprising a honeycomb body formed from cordierite ceramic, wherein the honeycomb body has a porosity P %?55% and a cell channel density CD ?150 cpsi. The porous channel walls have a wall thickness T, wherein (11+(300?CD)*0.03)?T?(8+(300?CD)*0.02), a median pore size ?20 microns, and a pore size distribution with a d-factor of ?0.35. The honeycomb body has a specific pore volume of VP?0.22. The porous ceramic honeycomb article exhibits a coated pressure drop increase of ?8 kPa at a flow rate of 26.5 cubic feet per minute when coated with 100 g/L of a washcoat catalyst and loaded with 5 g/L of soot.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process and apparatus for the catalytic hydrogenation of fluoro-olefins to fluorocarbons where the reaction is carried out in a multi-tube shell and tube reactor. Reactions involving hydrogenation of fluoro-olefins are typically exothermic. In commercial processes where a fluoro-olefin CnH2n-xFx to CnH2n-x2Fx is hydrogenated (e.g., hexafluoropropylene to 236ea, 1225ye to 245eb, and the like), inadequate management or control of heat removal may induce excess hydrogenation, decomposition and hot spots resulting in reduced yields and potential safety issues. In the hydrogenation of fluoro-olefins, it is therefore necessary to control the reaction temperature as precisely as practical to overcome challenges associated with heat management and safety.

Abstract: An apparatus (10, 60, 70, 100, 110, 120) for handling specimen slides (21) encompasses a coverslipping module (14) for coverslipping thin sections arranged on the specimen slides (21), the coverslipping module (14) applying first a mounting medium and then a coverslipping means onto the specimen slides (21). The apparatus (10, 60, 70, 100, 110, 120) further has an output unit (18) for outputting the specimen slides (21), which unit encompasses a drying unit (32) for at least partial extraction of at least one solvent from the applied mounting medium of the specimen slides (21) arranged in the output unit (18).

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for handling specimen slides (32, 78, 80) has at least one coverslipping module (14) for coverslipping thin sections arranged on specimen slides (32, 78, 80). The apparatus (10) further encompasses a drying unit (16, 70, 90) for extracting solvent from the mounting medium applied onto the specimen slides (32, 78, 80). The drying unit (16, 70, 90) has an air delivery unit (40) for delivering an air flow to the specimen slides (32, 78, 80).

Abstract: Disclosed is a specimen processing system that includes means 91 circularly disposed to carry a reaction vessel 2 used for separating and extracting desired substances from a specimen to be processed, a plurality of processing steps, executed as processing progresses along a transport line for the reaction vessel 2 on the transport means 91, for conducting various processes upon the specimen to be processed that is accommodated in the reaction vessel 2, suctioning and discharging means 94 that dispenses the specimen from a specimen container 1 supplied to the system, into the reaction vessel 2, and a filtering vessel section 2b provided as a part of the reaction vessel 2. This system configuration allows realization of a rapid preprocessing system capable of reducing the number of disposable parts of a low carry-over type, suppressing a decrease in cost performance, operating with high collection efficiency, and employing compact devices.

Abstract: A specimen processing system has a robot equipped with a base, torso part and two arms, and a plurality of devices arranged within the range of movement of the arms of the robot for performing the process made up of predetermined steps on the specimen, including a laboratory dish, a laboratory dish stand, a spatula, a spatula stand, a test tube, a test tube stand, a pipette, a pipette stand, a tip, a tip stand, an incubator, a centrifuge, a stirrer, and a heating/cooling device.

Abstract: A storage arrangement (1) has a chamber (3). Several Dewar flasks (5) are arranged in the chamber (3) and above them a picking device (8). The picking device has at least one cassette lift (60), with which storage cassettes (20) can be removed from above from the Dewar flasks (5). This arrangement is suitable for storing laboratory objects even at very low temperatures. Each storage cassette (20) is preferably made from a single piece of sheet metal. The piece of sheet metal is bent such that it forms the side walls (30), the back wall (32), the top part (34) and the base part (38) of the storage cassette (20), as well as angles (40, 42) to accommodate the laboratory objects.

Abstract: The storage arrangement has a chamber. Several Dewar flasks are arranged in the chamber and above them a picking device. The picking device has at least one cassette lift, with which storage cassettes can be removed from above from the Dewar flasks. This arrangement is suitable for storing laboratory objects at very low temperatures.

Abstract: A process for recovering metals from a stream rich in hydrocarbons and carbonaceous residues by means of a treatment section, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: sending said stream to a primary treatment, effected in one or more steps, wherein said stream is treated in the presence of a fluxant agent in a suitable apparatus, at a temperature ranging from 80 to 180° C., preferably from 100 to 160° C., and subjected to liquid/solid separation in order to obtain a clarified product essentially consisting of liquids and a cake (oilcake); possibly subjecting the separated cake to drying, in order to remove the hydrocarbon component having a boiling point lower than a temperature ranging from 300 to 350° C. from the cake; sending the cake, possibly dried, to a secondary thermal treatment comprising: a flameless pyrolysis of the cake effected between 400 and 800° C., preferably between 500 and 670° C.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a uranium ion exchange adsorption method using ultrasound. The method includes placing a slurry obtained by mixing uranium ions, sulfuric acid and an ion exchange resin into a reaction bath, and stirring the slurry in the reaction bath while simultaneously applying ultrasound to the reaction bath to allow the uranium ions to be adsorbed to the ion exchange resin through ion exchange adsorption. The method has an improved ion exchange adsorption rate of the uranium ions.

Abstract: A highly efficient uranium leaching method using ultrasound is disclosed. The uranium leaching method includes preparing black slate powder containing uranium by pulverizing black slate containing uranium, placing the black slate powder and water in a reaction bath, and performing uranium leaching by adding and mixing sulfuric acid and an oxidant with the black slate powder and water to prepare a mixture in the reaction bath while applying ultrasound to the reaction bath. In this method, uranium leaching efficiency can be maximized by adding sulfuric acid to the uranium ore while applying ultrasound thereto.

Abstract: A method and system of fixing carbon dioxide is provided. After metal ion components are extracted from, e.g., natural mineral or steel slag through acid treatment, carbon dioxide is injected to fix carbon dioxide by carbonating the same. Since the procedure of pH adjustment is unnecessary, the reaction is carried out effectively and a continuous process is enabled. Accordingly, the disclosed method of fixing carbon dioxide enables effective removal of carbon dioxide produced from the steelmaking industry, thereby significantly reducing greenhouse gas emission and allowing recycling of the discarded steel slag.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solid inorganic composition for reducing dioxins and furans, as well as heavy metals, in particular mercury, present in flue gases, to a method for preparing such a composition, and to the use thereof for reducing dioxins and furans as well as heavy metals, in particular mercury, present in flue gases, by contacting said flue gases with said solid inorganic composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the deoxygenation in a chemical loop of smokes resulting from oxidation-combustion reactions, that comprises: a first step during which the smokes are stripped from their oxygen by trapping the same by the oxidation of an oxygen-carrier material, thus producing a main flow of smokes with a reduced oxygen content; and a second step for also producing smokes that can join the main smoke flow and during which the material oxidised during the first step is reduced and regenerated by reaction with the fuel in order to be used again during said step. The invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing said method.

Abstract: A method of use of an ionic liquid for sorption of a gas having an electric multipole moment is provided, wherein the ionic liquid comprises an anion and a non-aromatic cation. In particular, the electric multipole moment may be an electric dipole moment and/or an electric quadrupole moment. The sorption may be an adsorption or an absorption. The ionic liquid may be a pure ionic liquid, i.e. a liquid substantially only containing anions and cations, while not containing other components, e.g. water. Alternatively a solution containing the ionic liquid and a solvent or further compound, e.g. water, may be used.

Abstract: A particulate, heterogeneous solid CO2 absorbent composition, comprising decomposition products of Ca3Al2O6 after having been heated to a temperature between 500° C. and 925° C. in the presence of H2O and CO2 for a period of time sufficient to allow the Ca3Al2O6 to react and form the particulate, heterogeneous absorbent composition which exhibits a higher concentration of aluminium than calcium in the particle core but a higher concentration of calcium than aluminium at the particle surface. The invention also comprises a method for preparing the particulate, heterogeneous product as well as a method for utilizing the composition for separating CO2 from a process gas.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention includes a method of treating a gas stream comprising flowing the gas stream over a hydrocarbon reduction and NOx reduction catalyst first, and thereafter flowing the gas over a perovskite and NOx trap material for NOx oxidation and storage. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon reduction and NOx reduction catalyst may include palladium. In one embodiment, the perovskite catalyst may have the general formula ABO3, AA?BO3, ABB?O3, or AA?BB?O3. The perovskite catalyst may be the only catalyst or a second non-perovskite catalyst may include at least one of palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium or a catalyst system including one or more of the same or alloys thereof. In one embodiment, the NOx trap material may include at least one of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals such as barium, calcium, potassium, or sodium.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the preparation of an “optimized” lithium vanadium phosphate material. The materials are synthesized under conditions that avoid exposure to reducing gases, such as hydrogen, at high temperatures and thus materials of high performance are produced. The lithium vanadium phosphate materials so produced find use in producing electrodes for electrochemical cells.

Abstract: Porous three-dimensional networks of polyimide and porous three-dimensional networks of carbon and methods of their manufacture are described. For example, polyimide aerogels are prepared by mixing a dianhydride and a diisocyanate in a solvent comprising a pyrrolidone and acetonitrile at room temperature to form a sol-gel material and supercritically drying the sol-gel material to form the polyimide aerogel. Porous three-dimensional polyimide networks, such as polyimide aerogels, may also exhibit a fibrous morphology. Having a porous three-dimensional polyimide network undergo an additional step of pyrolysis may result in the three dimensional network being converted to a purely carbon skeleton, yielding a porous three-dimensional carbon network. The carbon network, having been derived from a fibrous polyimide network, may also exhibit a fibrous morphology.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing filamentary structures. The structures include single-walled nanotubes. The method includes combusting hydrocarbon fuel and oxygen to establish a non-sooting flame and providing an unsupported catalyst to synthesize the filamentary structure in a post-flame region of the flame. Residence time is selected to favor filamentary structure growth.

Abstract: A catalytically activated vacuum distillation system, several novel component parts of said system, a process for producing carbon based products and novel carbon black that is produced from such a system and process.

Abstract: The Invention provides a process for the recovery of gaseous HCl comprising: a) providing an HCl-carrying extractant comprising: (i) an oil soluble amine which amine is substantially water insoluble both in free and in salt form; and (ii) a solvent for the amine and organic acid; b) contacting the HCl-carrying extractant with at least one non-volatile mineral acid, and c) stripping gaseous HCl, whereby HCl-depleted extractant and gaseous HCl are formed.

Abstract: A process for preparing chlorine by gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride over a heterogeneous, particulate catalyst in a fluidized-bed reactor to give a product gas mixture which is freed of entrained catalyst particles in cyclones (1) which are arranged in the upper region of the fluidized-bed reactor, which comprises a cylindrical upper part (2) which has a tangential or spiral-shaped inlet (3) for the product gas mixture and tapers at its lower end via a conical section (4) into a cyclone downcomer tube (5) and also a central downward-extending tube (6) in the upper region of the cyclone (1) for discharging the product gas mixture which has been freed of entrained catalyst particles, wherein from one to seven cascades of in each case from two to five cyclones (1) connected in series are used, with the cyclones (1) of each cascade, with the exception of the first cyclone (1) through which flow occurs in each case, which is designed so that about 90 to 99% by weight of the entrained catalyst particles ar