Abstract: A seeding follower isolation device may include a forming bar connection portion, a seeding follower support portion, and an extension portion. The forming bar connection portion may be configured for secured attachment to a forming bar in a leading position relative to a seed tube of a planting unit. The seeding follower support portion may be configured to adjustably and removably support a seeding follower in an aft position relative to a seed tube. The extension portion may extend between the forming bar connection portion and the seeding follower support portion. The seeding follower isolation device does not contact a seed tube so that a seeding follower joined to the seeding follower isolation device is isolated from the seed tube.

Abstract: A planter is described which utilizes individual seed meter motor drives at each row unit. motor controllers control each seed meter drive motor. Each individual row seed meter can be individually started, stopped and operated at a unique rate. Prior to planting, the meters can be operated to fill the meters and ensure that the meters are primed and ready to start dropping seed as soon as the planter begins operation to plant seed. When a seed delivery system is used with each meter to move seed from the meter to the soil, the delivery system is also primed with seed before operation of the planter.

Abstract: An offshore wind turbine installation vessel, wherein the wind turbine is of the type to be installed on a foundation that is installed on the seabed prior to the installation of the wind turbine on the foundation, wherein the wind turbine is of the type with a vertical mast to be fitted with its lower end onto the foundation, wherein the vessel includes a non-jack-up type floating hull; and a crane structure extending upward from said hull. The crane structure is provided with a hoisting device having one or more wind turbine suspension elements and a wind turbine engagement device supported by the suspension elements and adapted to engage with said wind turbine. The hoisting device is adapted to support and to raise and lower in controllable manner at least the mast of the wind turbine while in vertical orientation.

Abstract: A multipurpose deepwater vessel equipped with a floating structure having a bow, a stern, a weather deck, a first board, and a second board; a J-lay tower hinged to the floating structure along the second board, and movable about a first axis into a number of work positions to join pipe assemblies into an underwater pipeline, and to lay an underwater pipeline; a heavy-duty crane connected at the bow to the floating structure to rotate about a second axis, and having a boom defining an operating range within which the J-lay tower is located in any one of its work positions; and a preassembly line, below the weather deck, for joining pipes into pipe assemblies for supply to the J-lay tower.

Abstract: A slider shoe fitting for a gnav assembly (8) for exerting a downward force on a boom (5). The slider shoe fitting comprises a boom slider (10) for sliding along an upper portion of a surface of a boom, and a strut portion for forming at least part of a strut of the gnav assembly (8). The boom slider (10) comprises a body portion (11) and a plurality of upstanding portions (15). The body portion (11) and upstanding portions (15) are of a single piece of material. The strut portion is pivotally mounted to the plurality of upstanding portions (15).

Abstract: A method for maintaining the heading of a ship during movements caused by waves approaching the ship from a stern direction by activating a control surface in a bow of the ship such that the control surface converts a water flow along the bow into a lateral force that opposes roll, yaw, or heeling movements and course changes.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method and system of coupling end-to-end at least two existing mooring lines (12A, 12B) that are already deployed from the floating platform (56) to the seabed or other connecting structure to create a single shared line from the two lines. The shared lines then form a single looped line with both ends deployed to the subsea connections. The shared length provides enough payout of line to loosen one line sufficiently, while the other line becomes correspondingly tighter using the catenary length of the tight line. In part, the line can be loosened while the other is tightened because the lines are generally in the same overall direction to the seabed, such as in a same quadrant around the platform. Thus, the lines share their available lengths to provide the necessary payout for the repairs.

Abstract: A mooring system for a floating vessel such as a drilling unit is provided. The floating vessel has a platform for providing drilling, production or other operations in a marine environment, and a tower for providing ballast and stability below a water line in the marine environment. The mooring system generally includes a plurality of anchors disposed radially around the tower along a seabed, and a plurality of mooring lines. Each mooring line has a first end operatively connected to the tower, and a second end operatively connected to a respective anchor. Each mooring line further comprises at least two substantially rigid links joined together using linkages. Each joint is at least five meters in length. The mooring system is capable of maintaining station-keeping for the vessel greater than about 100 Mega-Newtons such that operations may be conducted when the marine environment is substantially iced over.

Abstract: An anchor (3) and an anchor positioning system (1) are provided in which an anchor shackle (7) is arranged such that, in use, it is disposed within a chasing collar (17). The anchor shackle can be positioned in a locking position in the chasing collar in which rotational movement of the anchor shackle around its longitudinal axis is inhibited. The anchor shackle may also be positioned in an unlocked position in the chasing collar. The anchor shackle can rotate around its longitudinal axis (x-x) from the unlocked position to the locking position. Accordingly, the anchor shackle assists in maintaining the anchor (3) in a desired orientation corresponding to the locking position.

Abstract: There is provided a high power laser system for powering a remotely located laser device, such as an ROV, using a high power laser fiber optic tether and a photo-conversion device, such as a laser photovoltaic assembly. Laser device systems, such as ROV systems that utilizes a high power laser cutting and/or cleaning tools are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a passenger ship, such as a passenger liner, which includes a main structure bounded by a hull and its upper deck, above which arises at least one superstructure, wherein it has at least one arch which stands generally fore and aft, and which extends at least partly over the main structure, its opposite ends being firmly joined to this main structure, so that the arch carries at least part of the loads connected with its deflection.

Abstract: A caution flag assembly for hauling items comprising a body and an extending member attached to the perimeter of the body, wherein the extending member is adapted to wrap around an extended piece of equipment such that the distance between the body and an item can be easily adjusted. The body can define an aperture located adjacent the extending member. The aperture can be adapted to receive a portion of the extending member and facilitate in securing the caution flag assembly around an item, and specifically to an extended piece of equipment.

Abstract: Co-topo-polymeric indicator compositions and methods for making and using the same are provided. Indicator compositions of the invention include a polymer and undergo a color change, which may be reversible or irreversible, in response to an applied stimulus, e.g., temperature. Aspects of methods of producing the compositions include setting a fluid co-topo-polymeric precursor composition into a solid product and then subjecting the solid product (either immediately or after a delay period) to polymerizing conditions to produce the desired indicator composition. Also provided are indicator devices that include the indicator compositions of the invention. The compositions of the invention find use in a variety of different applications.

Abstract: A signal assembly has a handle that a person can move up and down, causing one or more reflective surfaces to be shown and hidden (“flash”) to alert a bus driver of a passenger's presence at a bus stop. The signal assembly may, for example, mount on a bus stop sign or a bus stop shelter. The flashing reflective surface may receive an oncoming bus' headlights and reflect the light to alert the driver. When the handle is not moved up and down, a reflective surface of the signal assembly may still be visible to the bus driver, alerting the bus driver of the presence of the stop. A driver who is not familiar with the route may find this useful, especially when a passenger indicates a request for the bus to stop at the next stop.

Abstract: A Czochralski growth system comprising a growth chamber, an isolation valve, a feed chamber containing feedstock, and a feeder is described. The isolation valve is disposed in at least one side wall of the growth chamber, and the feed chamber is vacuum sealed to the growth chamber through the isolation valve. The feeder is insertable into the growth chamber through the isolation valve and supplies the feedstock into the growth chamber. Preferably this system can be used for producing silicon ingots using a continuous Czochralski method.

Abstract: Provides are an insulation device of a single crystal growth device and a single crystal growth device including the same. The insulation device is installed inside a chamber of the single crystal growth device and the insulation device includes a plurality of insulation blocks that are spaced by a first distance.

Abstract: A system for planarizing a semiconductor device includes a holder component for holding the substrate. The substrate has at least one opening therein, and each opening defines a lower portion and an upper portion. A resist applicator applies a layer of resist over the substrate, such that the resist layer covers the lower and upper portions. An etching component etches back the resist layer to expose the upper portion of the at least one opening. The resist applicator and the etching component repeat the steps of applying and etching, respectively, to remove a predetermined amount below the upper portion. A deposition component deposits an insulating layer over the substrate. A planarizing component planarizes the insulating layer until the upper portion of the at least one opening is exposed.

Abstract: The rotating speed of the coating brush of the image forming apparatus fluctuates between the upper limit speed and the lower limit speed across the standard speed. Consequently, the positional relation of the contact between the brush textile of the coating brush and the surface of the photographic sensitive drum varies for a wider range compared to a case where the rotating speed of the coating brush does not vary. Since the thin area of the brush textile moves for a wider range of the surface of the photographic sensitive drum in the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the photographic sensitive drum, the area where the coating amount of the lubricant is less is evened out by the area where the coating amount of the lubricant is rich, thus improving the unevenness of coating of the lubricant on the photographic sensitive drum.

Abstract: Distribution of a precoat agent is made uniform in a target gas directing to a filter. To this end, an intake opening of a filter device is formed as a slit-like or rectangular opening extending in a width direction. An accumulation recess is formed in an upper edge portion of the intake opening to have a profile that opens downward as viewed from a longitudinal direction of the intake opening. The accumulation recess is continuously formed in the longitudinal direction of the intake opening. A precoat agent nozzle is provided in a longitudinal predetermined position of the intake opening for ejecting the precoat agent and carrier gas toward an inner depth surface of the accumulation recess.

Abstract: A mask frame assembly for depositing a deposition material on a deposition substrate comprises a mask frame including an opening and frames surrounding the opening, and a mask coupled on the mask frame. A deformation prevention unit is formed on at least one region of the mask. Since the deformation prevention unit is formed on a peripheral portion of a deposition pattern in the mask, deformation of the mask in a vertical direction may be reduced. Accordingly, defective attaching of the mask to the substrate may be reduced.

Abstract: A heat source for a material processing operation, such as direct laser deposition, comprises a source of laser light, an optical element to modulate the laser light to provide a beam and means for traversing the beam over the substrate in use in a predetermined direction. The beam has a predetermined intensity distribution over its cross-sectional area so as to regulate the temperature distribution in the material resulting from the absorption of laser energy by the material.

Abstract: Powder spreaders suitable for use with layered manufacturing processes are disclosed in which a strip of flexible material of a width which spans the powder bed is used to spread, level, and, optionally, compact deposited powder to form a layer of the powder bed. The strip surface moves relative to the deposited powder it is spreading as the working portion of the strip, i.e., the portion of the strip that is in contact with the powder, traverses across the powder bed so that it can provide lift to the powder in front of it and, optionally, compaction to the powder below it. The working portion of the strip can be configured to have its leading and trailing surface contours to be different from one another, and, optionally, to have these contours and its bottom edge contour be independently adjustable. Layered manufacturing systems comprising such powder spreaders are also disclosed.

Abstract: A polycrystal silicon manufacturing apparatus is disclosed. The polycrystal silicon manufacturing apparatus includes a reaction pipe comprising silicon particles provided therein; a flowing-gas supply unit configured to supply flowing gas to the silicon particles provided in the reaction pipe; and a heater configured to supply heat to an internal space of the reaction pipe to generate silicon deposition reaction of the silicon particles; a temperature measurement unit configured to measure a temperature inside the reaction pipe; and a power supply unit configured to increase the temperature inside the reaction pipe, when a temperature value measured by the temperature measurement unit is less than a reference temperature value.

Abstract: A cleaning control apparatus capable of performing a cleaning process efficiently regardless of qualities and thicknesses of films formed in a process tube and a gas supply nozzle. The cleaning control apparatus employs cleaning request signal output units configured to output cleaning request signals requesting cleaning processes of a silicon-containing gas supply system and nitriding source gas supply system when accumulated amounts of the molecules of the silicon-containing gas and the nitriding source gas exceeds preset values.

Abstract: An atmospheric film-coating device and a film-manufacturing apparatus are described. The atmospheric film-coating device includes a delivery device and a nebulization device. The delivery device is suitable for delivering at least one substrate. The nebulization device is used to gasify a film coating solution toward a direction indirectly to the at least one substrate into a plurality of film coating vapor molecules to deposit on a surface of the at least one substrate.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing substrates are provided. In some embodiments, a processing system may include a first transfer chamber and a first process chamber coupled to the transfer chamber, the process chamber further comprising a substrate support to support a processing surface of a substrate within the process chamber, an injector disposed to a first side of the substrate support and having a first flow path to provide a first process gas and a second flow path to provide a second process gas independent of the first process gas, wherein the injector provides the first and second process gases across the processing surface of the substrate, a showerhead disposed above the substrate support to provide the first process gas to the processing surface, and an exhaust port disposed to a second side of the substrate support, opposite the injector, to exhaust the first and second process gases from the process chamber.

Abstract: The reactor for polycrystalline silicon is a reactor for polycrystalline silicon in which a silicon seed rod installed inside the reactor is heated by supplying electricity, a raw material gas supplied inside the reactor is allowed to react, thereby producing polycrystalline silicon on the surface of the silicon seed rod, and specifically, the reactor for polycrystalline silicon is provided with a raw material gas supply port installed on the bottom of the reactor and a raw material gas supply nozzle attached to the raw material gas supply port so as to be communicatively connected and extending upward, in which the upper end of the raw material gas supply nozzle is set to a height in a range from ?10 cm to +5 cm on the basis of the upper end of the electrode which retains the silicon seed rod.

Abstract: An atomic deposition (ALD) thin film deposition apparatus includes a deposition chamber configured to deposit a thin film on a wafer mounted within a space defined therein. The deposition chamber comprises a gas inlet that is in communication with the space. A gas system is configured to deliver gas to the gas inlet of the deposition chamber. At least a portion of the gas system is positioned above the deposition chamber. The gas system includes a mixer configured to mix a plurality of gas streams. A transfer member is in fluid communication with the mixer and the gas inlet. The transfer member comprising a pair of horizontally divergent walls configured to spread the gas in a horizontal direction before entering the gas inlet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cushioning device for supporting a large animal such as a cow or a horse. The cushioning device comprises a top surface, a bottom surface, said top surface and bottom surface forming a chamber, and an amount of a gelatinous filling material disposed within the chamber. The present invention relates also to methods of transporting and installing a cushioning device for supporting a large animal. The method comprises transporting the cushioning device and a compound capable of creating a gel upon contact with a liquid may be delivered separately to the site. At the remote site the compound may be disposed within the chamber and the chamber may then be filled with an amount of liquid to create the gel within the cushioning device. The compound may also be delivered to the site already disposed within the chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing the emission of methane, and possible other carbonaceous gasses being produced during processing of feed in the bowel of livestock, into the atmosphere. The method comprises feeding the livestock with feed comprising solid carbonaceous matter, the livestock digesting the feed, methane and possible other carbonaceous gasses being encapsulated within the structure of said carbonaceous matter, the livestock moving bowels with faeces, the methane and possible other carbonaceous gasses being encapsulated in the voids of the solid carbonaceous matter also after the livestock have made bowels with the faeces. The invention further relates to an animal feed composition comprising solid carbonaceous matter having voids within the structure of the matter, and to a method and an apparatus for producing such animal feed composition.

Abstract: Provided is an animal food dispenser for dispensing food to animals such as rabbits. The dispenser comprises a package for holding the animal food; an attachment means secured to the package for attaching the animal food dispenser to an enclosure and reconfigurable to adapt to different types of enclosures, such as a rabbit cage; a window through the package; and a window cover removeably attachable to the package for covering the window. The window cover is at least partially removable from the package to provide access through the window to the animal food held in the package.

Abstract: A first embodiment of this invention is a cat litter bag composed of a thin plastic bag having a scratch resistant surface on the upper surface to avoid being damaged when used by cats. The scratch resistant material also serves to absorb cat urine to minimize odor during use. By a second embodiment the cat litter bag is shown filled with clean litter for convenience and travel.

Abstract: A refractory tile has a body formed from a refractory material. The body has a front side that defines a front plane, and a rear side that defines a rear plane that is opposite the front plane. A concave portion is formed in the rear side and is contoured to a wall of boiler tubes. The body also has an inclined portion extending from the front plane to the rear plane. The inclined portion is formed at an acute angle with respect to the rear plane. The inclined portion defines an edge at an intersection with the rear plane. The edge directly contacts the wall without a backfill material. The tiles form an array of upper refractory tiles located only on an uppermost row of the array above lower refractory, against the bare wall of boiler tubes.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus 1A includes an engine 50A having a cylinder head 52A having a head side W/J 521A equipped with partial W/J 521aA through 521dA individually incorporated into four different cooling systems, first recess/projection portions P capable of generating a flow separation of cooling water in accordance with a change of the flow rate within a range of a maximum flow rate of the cooling water being provided to the head side W/J 521A, and control means for executing a control of changing the flow rate of the cooling water that flows through the first cooling medium passageway in accordance with operating conditions of the engine including a case where the control means partially changes in each of the plurality of the partial cooling medium passageways.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for cooling an internal combustion engine in which circulation of cooling water is halted until the cooling water reaches a predetermined temperature, wherein decline in the durability of a radiator, which is caused by thermal strain that occurs when circulation of the cooling water is restarted and the cooling water is introduced into the radiator, is suppressed. An internal combustion engine (10) comprises an electric pump (23), a water temperature sensor (92), a radiator (21), and a thermostat (22). The water temperature sensor (92) detects a cooling water temperature (THW). The radiator (21) is capable of circulating the cooling water between the radiator (21) and an engine cooling system (13). If the cooling water temperature (THW) is equal to or greater than a valve opening temperature (TZ), the thermostat (22) opens and the cooling water is introduced into the radiator (21).

Abstract: A cooling system for an internal combustion engine comprises a tubular conduit configured to conduct coolant to and from various components of the internal combustion engine and to remove excess heat therefrom. A shield portion is fluidly coupled inline of the tubular conduit and is disposed between a heat source and a cooler operating component. The expanded portion further comprises a cooling body, an inlet in fluid communication with the tubular conduit and configured to conduct coolant into the cooling body and an outlet in fluid communication with the tubular conduit and is configured to conduct coolant out of the cooling body.

Abstract: The invention discloses a general-purpose gasoline engine, comprising a cylinder block, a cylinder head main body (1), and an intake passage (12) and an exhaust passage (11) arranged on the cylinder head main body (1); an intake valve (5) is arranged on the cylinder head main body (1) correspondingly to the intake passage (12), an exhaust valve (9) is arranged correspondingly to the exhaust passage (11), the intake valve (5) is correspondingly provided with an intake rocker arm (8) and an intake push rod, the exhaust valve (9) is correspondingly provided with an exhaust rocker arm (2) and an exhaust push rod, a combustion chamber surface (13) is formed on the inner side of the cylinder head main body (1), and the combustion chamber surface (13) is of a spherical structure or an arch structure formed of smooth curves; the part of the combustion chamber surface (13) between the intake valve (5) and the exhaust valve (9) forms a nose bridge region (14), and a through air-cooling passage (10) is arranged on the c

Abstract: A V-type block of a crank circular slider mechanism, comprising a piston with a circular slider receiving hole and a circular slider received in the receiving hole, the block having a main journal hole and comprising a group of adjacent cylinders arranged in a V form intersecting in the position of the main journal hole , each of the cylinders in the group penetrating the main journal hole, wherein said cylinders each penetrate the main journal hole with an axial length beyond the main journal hole, which the length is long enough for providing a reciprocating range required for the reciprocating motion of the part of the piston located beneath the receiving hole of the circular slider.

Abstract: A head assembly for an internal combustion engine includes an electromagnetic valve actuation system. The head has an intake or exhaust passage defined therein. A valve is disposed in the passage and is operable to selectively open and close the passage. The head has a cooling passage defined therein for passage of a cooling fluid. An electromagnetic actuator has a piston in mechanical communication with the valve and a coil in fluid communication with the cooling passage. The electromagnetic actuator is operable to move the valve between a closed and an open position.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is provided with a variable valve actuating system. At a startup of the engine, a controller performs: causing an initial exhaust valve opening timing of a first combustion cylinder to approach bottom dead center; and setting a second valve overlap period greater than a first valve overlap period, wherein the first valve overlap period is a period from an initial intake valve opening timing of the first combustion cylinder to an initial exhaust valve closing timing of the first combustion cylinder, and wherein the second valve overlap period is a period from an initial intake valve opening timing of a second combustion cylinder to an initial exhaust valve closing timing of the second combustion cylinder immediately after an initial combustion event of the second combustion cylinder after an initial combustion event of the first combustion cylinder.

Abstract: A camshaft adjuster (11) for a camshaft (35), by which cylinder valves (12) of an internal combustion engine are actuated, wherein through the use of the camshaft (35) late torques act on the camshaft adjuster (11) in a direction of later cylinder valve opening times when the cam is running-on, and opposing early torques act on the camshaft adjuster (11) in a direction of earlier opening times when the cam is running-off. The feeding and draining of pressure medium can be controlled by a control unit (20), wherein a torque mode or a pump mode can be selectively adjusted by the control unit (20), wherein primarily camshaft torques are used for building up pressure in the first partial chamber A or in the second partial chamber B in the torque mode, while the pressure build-up in the first partial chamber A or in the second partial chamber B in the pump mode is primarily by pressure medium provided by a pressure medium pump P.

Abstract: A dual body rocker arm comprising an outer arm, an inner arm, a substantially cylindrical pivot axle, a pivot foot and a first and second pivot foot retaining ring. The inner arm is disposed between side arms of the outer arm. The pivot axle is mounted to both the inner and outer arm. The pivot foot has a cylindrical axle interfacing surface and a valve tip interface. Retaining rings mount the pivot foot to the axle, allowing partial rotation of the pivot foot about the axle. Interfering protrusions on the retaining rings limit the range of motion of the pivot foot. A pivot foot having at least one interfering block is configured to restrict motion of the pivot foot by interfering with at least one interfering tab.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising valve sets through which combustion air enters a cylinder is mixed with fuel for combustion therein and through which products of combustion exit. A valve train assembly comprises a drive rocker arm, including a first, proximal end in contact with a rotatable camshaft and a second, distal end in contact with a valve shaft of a first valve of a valve set and a driven rocker arm including a first, proximal end in contact with the drive rocker arm at a location that is adjacent to the first, proximal end thereof and a second, distal end in contact with a valve shaft of a second valve of a valve set. The drive rocker arm and the driven rocker arm operate to move the valves reciprocally from a closed to an open position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricating composition, particularly marine diesel engine lubricating compositions, comprising: (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) an asphaltene dispersant comprising a cyclic headgroup that contains a nitrogen atom and at least one other heteroatom; and (c) a detergent derived from an alkyl phenol. The invention further provides methods of using such compositions in the operation of engine, particularly marine diesel engines.

Abstract: A liquid fuel composition containing a biofuel component, produced from a fraction of one or more cracking products produced by catalytic cracking of a biomass source. The liquid fuel composition contains in the range of 0.5 to 20 vol. % of C4-C8-olefins, which C4-C8-olefins contain in the range from equal to or more than 0.02 wt % to equal to or less than 100 wt % of bio-carbon, based on the total weight of carbon present in the C4-C8-olefins.

Abstract: An engine including an automatic choke that includes a choke valve movable between a fully closed position and a fully open position, a temperature sensor coupled to the engine and operable to provide a temperature signal indicative of a temperature of the engine, and a motor connected to the choke valve and operable to move the choke valve in response to a motor control signal. A controller is electrically connected to the motor and to the temperature sensor. The controller includes an electronic circuit having a memory. A table includes engine specific choke position data stored in memory, wherein the controller determines a choke initial position based on the temperature of the engine and the choke position data, and wherein the motor moves the choke valve toward that position in response to an attempt to start the engine.

Abstract: A cylinder portion configured such that a recess (depression) is formed on an upper edge portion of an inner wall of the cylinder portion to prevent the formation of choke between the inner wall and a side edge of a valve umbrella of an exhaust valve, the recess being formed by depressing the inner wall, and the exhaust valve configured such that a cross section of a head portion of the valve umbrella tapers from an outer peripheral edge of the valve umbrella toward a top of the valve umbrella are included.

Abstract: FIG. 2 suggests an engine idea in which two interlocked rotors stop and turn in alternate fashion. If this suggestion is restructured as follows it would lead into the useful embodiments of this patent and more: The blades of a Front rotor are interlocked with the blades of a Back rotor. With the help of a Front motor and a Back motor, a computer is able to drive said Front rotor and said Back rotor. The computer controls the sealed chambers between the blades of the Front rotor and the blades of the Back rotor to bring about the strokes similar to the strokes of the conventional internal combustion engines. Said structure therefore yields to the formation of three embodiments: a Rotary Internal Combustion Engine (RICE), a Rotary Internal Combustion Generator, and a Rotary Compressor/Liquid Pump (RC/LP).

Abstract: A combustion management system for a combustion engine having at least one cylinder with an intake means comprising a sliding port valve and an intake solenoid poppet valve arranged in series and provided at a distance from the cylinder ends, and an exhaust solenoid poppet valve provided at each of the cylinder ends, the system comprising: a valve control means for controlling the intake solenoid poppet valve and the exhaust solenoid poppet valve independently of the position of the piston moving within the cylinder to control the compression and expansion ratios, wherein the piston moves over and past the intake means during each stroke.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine including a fuel injector having a leading end portion that has an internal space in which fuel is stored and an injection nozzle for injecting fuel; and an adsorbent disposed in the internal space, the adsorbent being capable of selectively adsorbing an alcohol component in a blended fuel of gasoline and alcohol. The adsorbent has a characteristic such that an amount of alcohol adsorption is small when a fuel pressure is low and large when the fuel pressure is high. Adsorption of alcohol onto, and desorption of alcohol from, the adsorbent can be controlled by changing the fuel pressure in the internal space.