Abstract: A human body cooling apparatus including: an exterior element in which two covering members in a seat shape each having a front cloth formed of a fabric-like material, and a backing cloth formed of a non-water absorbent material which is weldable by heating are put one upon another; a cooling medium containing gel internally packed within cooling medium areas continuously formed within the exterior element in areas other than the outer edge welded portion and the plurality of cooling medium excluding portions defined by the partially welded portions in the internal area; and an outer edge sealed portion in a rectangular shape provided by sewing over an outer edge of the exterior element.

Abstract: A method of treating water in order to minimize scaling and biomass buildup in water conduits or containers in which the treated water is used includes pressurizing and optionally filtering ambient air, processing the pressurized ambient air in a chamber including at least one ultraviolet light source operated to generate an output flow mixture of pressurized air and reactive oxygen species (ROS) gas, mixing the pressurized ROS/gas output mixture to realize a flow of water/pressurized ROS gas/air mixture and outputting the flow of water/pressurized ROS gas/air mixture as the treated water process product. The process includes generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) gas in the pressurized ROS/gas output mixture including at least one of Super Oxide (O2?), Peroxide (—O2—), Hydro peroxide (HO2?), Hydroxyl Radicals (OH·), Ozone (O3?) and Molecular Oxygen (O2).

Abstract: To achieve a sufficient drainage of condensed water (dew water) adhering to a surface to suppress an adverse effect on an airflow resistance and a heat exchange efficiency, even in a case where heat exchange tubes are arranged horizontally, provided is a drain structure for a corrugated fin-type heat exchanger (1), the corrugated fin-type heat exchanger (1) being constituted by arranging a plurality of flat heat exchange tubes (3) parallel to one another in a horizontal direction between a pair of opposing header pipes (2a, 2b), and joining corrugated fins (4) between the plurality of flat heat exchange tubes (3), the drain structure including a plurality of water flow passages (10) for inducing water retained between the corrugated fins (4) adjacent to an upper side and a lower side of each of the plurality of flat heat exchange tubes (3), the plurality of water flow passages (10) being formed on an outer end surface of the each of the plurality of flat heat exchange tubes (3) in a width direction thereof at

Abstract: A refrigerator including a main body having a storage chamber, a door provided to the main body to selectively open or close the storage chamber, the door including an outer door defining a front external appearance of the door, and a door liner defining a rear external appearance of the door, the door liner including support steps vertically extending along both sides of the door liner, a liner plate interconnecting the support steps, and a seating step horizontally extending from the door liner, the support steps and the seating step defining an installation space, an ice bank removably located on the door liner, and an ice maker cover located above the ice bank.

Abstract: An evaporator having a manifold and a plurality of refrigerant tubes extending downward in the direction of gravity from the manifold. The evaporator includes at least one PCM housing engaging the upper portion of the refrigerant tube for storing a phase change material. When operating in a first operating mode, heat is transferred from the phase change material to the refrigerant to freeze and cool the phase change material. When operating in a second operating mode, heat is transferred from the refrigerant to the frozen phase change material to condense the refrigerant. The condensed refrigerant falls downwardly through the tubes and receives heat from a flow of air to cool the air and evaporate the refrigerant. The evaporated refrigerant rises upwardly back to the low pressure of the cold manifold.

Abstract: In a method for compressing a water-containing CO2-rich fluid wherein the CO2-rich fluid is compressed in a compressor located upstream from the compression step, an antifreeze agent is injected into the water-containing CO2-rich fluid in order to lower the water solidification temperature. The antifreeze agent-containing CO2-rich fluid is frozen, water is extracted from the frozen fluid, and the frozen fluid is compressed in the compressor.

Abstract: A gem setting includes a base structure and a first plurality of supporting prongs extending from the base structure. The first plurality of prongs is arranged with a first lateral extent, each of the prongs forming the first plurality of supporting prongs engaging both a central stone and at least two surrounding stones. The gem setting also includes a second plurality of supporting prongs extending from the base structure. The second plurality of prongs is arranged with a second lateral extent beyond the lateral extent of the first plurality of supporting prongs. The second plurality of supporting prongs is composed of tri-prongs each including a first lateral prong, a second lateral prong and a central prong. The first lateral prong and the second lateral prong are oriented to engage the at least two surrounding stones engaged by the prong of the first plurality of supporting prongs.

Abstract: During fabrication of a vitreous silica crucible, contamination of the vitreous silica crucible due to wear particles and debris of components of an apparatus for manufacturing a vitreous silica crucible is reduced by preventing damage and wear of the components of the apparatus due to silica fume. The apparatus for manufacturing a vitreous silica crucible is divided into a lower section for accommodating a mold and a mold driving system and an upper section for accommodating an arc electrode driving system, wherein a sectioning member including one or more communication paths for allowing penetration of arc electrodes, thereby the air flow is controlled so as to reduce exchange between gas in the upper section and gas in the lower section.

Abstract: A method for shaping a floor of a glass vessel, including the steps of bringing the floor region of the glass vessel up in temperature until the viscosity of the glass in the floor region is between 1010 dPas and 103 dPas thereby defining softened glass. Moving a porous gas emitting shaping floor toward the floor region from a side opposite an orifice of the glass vessel. Displacing some of the softened glass by way of a gas film as the softened glass is approaching the porous gas emitting shaping floor. And, increasing an amount of the floor of the glass vessel that is resting on the gas film as the softened glass is approaching the porous gas emitting shaping floor, the gas film preventing direct contact between the softened glass of the floor of the glass vessel and the porous gas emitting shaping floor.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing glass containing a component(s) from Bi3+, Ti4+, Nb5+, and W6+, permitting stable production of high-quality glass with little coloration. A molten glass is contained in a container and is brought into contact with an electrode, a potential is applied so that the electrode serves as an anode and the container coming into contact with the molten glass serves as a cathode. The electrode has a standard electrode potential greater than that of the container. A voltage is applied between the cathode and the anode, with the value of the potential at which the current flowing between the cathode and anode essentially goes to zero as the upper limit thereof, to inhibit corrosion of the container. Further provided are methods of manufacturing a glass material for press molding and an optical element from the glass prepared by the above method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for melting a raw material such as glass. The method comprises a creating a flow of raw material interrupted by a heated phase separation barrier (3,31,32), wherein melting is achieved by transfer of heat from the phase separation barrier to the raw material. The process comprises: providing solid raw material to the phase separation barrier, wherein the phase separation barrier supports the solid raw material; heating the phase separation barrier to a temperature which is (a) at least 700° C. and (b) sufficient to cause melting of the solid raw material which contacts the barrier, wherein any melted raw material formed on contact with the phase separation barrier flows off or through the phase separation barrier; and collecting the melted raw material; wherein the phase separation barrier causes separation of the solid and melted phases within the flow of the raw material.

Abstract: A disk roll base material includes 25 to 50 wt % of ceramic wool, 5 to 30 wt % of kibushi clay, 2 to 20 wt % of bentonite, and 25 to 45 wt % of a filler selected from alumina, wollastonite and calcined kaolin clay.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for manufacturing a vitreous silica crucible, which is capable of stably manufacturing a high quality vitreous silica crucible by stabilizing heat generation through an arc discharge. The apparatus for manufacturing a vitreous silica crucible includes a mold that defines a shape of a vitreous silica crucible, carbon electrodes that generate an arc discharge for fusing a silica powder molded body formed in the mold, and a power supply device that supplies power to the carbon electrodes. The power supply device includes a saturable reactor that is provided on a supply path of the power to the carbon electrodes and has variable reactance, and a control device that controls the power supplied to the carbon electrodes by changing the reactance of the saturable reactor.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus for a thin glass sheet includes a forming member main body configured to form the thin glass sheet by fusing together, at a lower end portion of the forming member main body, streams of molten glass, which have overflown from an overflow trough to both sides of the forming member main body, under a state in which the streams of the molten glass are caused to flow down along outer surface portions having a substantially wedge shape. The manufacturing apparatus also includes a pair of covering members fitted onto both widthwise end portions of the forming member main body, respectively, the pair of covering members forming restricting wall portions for restricting widthwise spread of the streams of the molten glass flowing down along the outer surface portions of the forming member main body.

Abstract: A laundry washing and drying machine (1) includes a casing (2) and, inside the casing, a laundry container (3, 6) for housing the laundry to be washed and dried, and a heat-pump-type, hot-air generator (10) able to circulate a stream of hot air inside the laundry-container (3, 6), and to heat up the washing water supplied to said laundry container (3, 6). The hot-air generator (10) includes a heat-pump assembly (21) which is provided with a first air/refrigerant heat exchanger (23) which is located along the air recirculating conduit (19) for heating up the airflow (f) directed to the laundry container (3, 6). A second water/refrigerant heat exchanger (24) is located out of the air recirculating conduit (19), and heats up or cools down the water arriving from the laundry container (3, 6). A third air/water heat exchanger (25) is located along the air recirculating conduit (19), upstream of the first air/refrigerant heat exchanger (23), for cooling the airflow (f) arriving from the laundry container (3, 6).

Abstract: A balance ring for a washing machine appliance that is mounted onto the motor of the washing machine is provided. Because the balance ring is placed onto the motor of the washing machine rather than the wash chamber, additional space is made available for the wash chamber that can improve the load capacity of the washing machine. The balance ring can provide improved balance performance because of its additional moment length from the center of gravity relative to conventional balance rings.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a casing, a tub disposed within the casing, and a basket configured for receipt of articles to be washed. An additive pack dispenser is disposed within the casing above the tub and included a pack receiver configured for receipt of an additive pack therein. The receiver is biased to a first position wherein the additive pack is stored and is movable to a second position wherein the additive pack is dispensed by gravity from the receiver into the tub. An actuator is disposed proximate to the receiver and is oriented so as to move the receiver at a defined time to cause the receiver to move to the second dispense position and deposit the additive pack into the tub.

Abstract: A washing appliance, such as a consumer washing machine, has a casing and a tub disposed within the casing. The tub includes a basket configured for receipt of articles to be washed. A vertically oriented additive storage tank is disposed between the casing and the tub. The storage tank includes a first vertical storage component disposed at a first location between the casing and tub, and a second vertical storage component disposed at a second location between the casing and the tub spaced from the first location. The storage tank further includes a bottom transversely extending storage component that extends between the first and second vertical storage components below the tub.

Abstract: A method for securing a portable electronic device having a housing to a substantially immovable object utilizing a locking assembly having a security rod or spike formed with an anchoring end separated axially by a protruding end, a locking device with an internal locking mechanism and a cable permanently attached to the locking device at one end, includes the steps of securedly fixing the anchoring end of the security rod or spike to the portable electronic device upon or through the housing, attaching an other end of the cable to the substantially immovable object and inserting the protruding end of the security rod into an opening in the locking device to actuate the internal locking mechanism and lock the locking device to the captive security rod. Locking the security rod to the locking device concurrently locks the portable electronic device to which it is anchored to the substantially immovable object.

Abstract: Timed security box comprising a housing, where the housing contains a plurality of items; a door attached to the housing, where the door opens on a hinge; a locking mechanism fastened to the door wherein the locking mechanism locks the door and allows access into the housing on a date and a time inputted by a user. To use the timed security box the user places an item into the housing, then closing the door. Next they enter the date and time into the locking mechanism. A recipient is then informed of when the date and time will arrive. On the date and time the timed security box may be opened automatically by the recipient or by using a pass code.

Abstract: A handle assembly is provided for use on storage compartment doors of a vehicle. The assembly includes inner and outer housings residing on opposite sides of the door. The handle assembly plunger resides on the inside of the door, rather than between the outside and inside door skins. An exterior handle can be grasped from either side for moving the plunger from an extended latched position to a retracted unlatched position for opening the door. An interior egress handle is provided to open the door from inside the compartment, as a safety feature. A key cylinder on the outer housing allows the handle assembly to be locked to preclude accidental or unauthorized opening of the door. The handle assembly allows the door to be opened by electric remote power and to be closed by slam action.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to the field of pet doors, particularly selective entry pet doors based on detection of RFID tags. An RFID pet door, the pet door comprising: an RFID reader to read an RFID tag on a pet; and a lock coupled to said RFID reader to control access through said pet door in response to an RFID signal from said tag; wherein said RFID reader has two modes, a first operational mode and a second, reduced power mode, and wherein said pet door further comprises: a pet proximity detector coupled to said RFID reader to identify when a pet is proximate said pet door and to control said RFID reader responsive to said identification such that when said pet is proximate said RFID is in said operational mode and such that said RFID reader is otherwise in said reduced power mode.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a novel concept regarding the specific latching mechanism to provide a secure and easily releasable device. The latching mechanism is used to attach an accessory such as a luggage rack or the sissy bar to a motorcycle or equivalent. The improvements provided herein are significant and novel in light of the prior art. The improvements add increased functionality, as well as protection to the internal moving components, protection of the user from the moving components, and in at least one embodiment, a locking mechanism for additional safety and security.

Abstract: In a key, in particular a motor vehicle key, having a key head manufactured from plastic and a bit, which is anchored on the key head and is movable between an idle position and a usage position protruding from the key head, a first part of the key head, on which the bit engages, is manufactured from a fiber-reinforced plastic and a second part, which forms an outer envelope of the key head, is manufactured from a fiber-free plastic.

Abstract: A lock-key system includes a key that can be inserted into a keyway of a lock cylinder, wherein said key is traceable by core pins or by locking elements which are movable in the cylinder core, wherein if there is a match, the cylinder core can be rotated by means of the inserted key. Lettering in the form of an impression and/or an embossment, serving as an identifier and including letters and/or numbers and/or symbols, is introduced into at least one lateral surface of the key shank—if a lateral profiling is present, into said lateral profiling. The lettering or individual letters, numbers, or the symbol or sub-areas thereof are traceable by core pins or locking elements having a correspondingly formed contact surface.

Abstract: Animal waste is processed to form a biomaterial that is employed as a coating layer for typical fertilizer particles. The biomaterial coating layer can be used neat or with additives and serves to do one or more or any combination of the following: (a) impart a slow or controlled release property to the fertilizer, (b) prevent or reduce the tendency of the fertilizer particles to cake together, or (c) prevent or reduce the tendency of the fertilizer particles to create dust. The biomaterial coating layer can also release nutrients when used as part of a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to peat processing and includes the usage of peat as the organic raw material. The peat is processed through preliminary granulation with further curing of the derived granules in closed tanks for cooling. The cooled granules are subjected to re-granulation. Then the hot granules derived from re-granulation emerge into an aqueous solution. The derived mixture is stirred until it turns into a homogeneous viscous fluid paste. The paste is supplemented with alkali until the pH reaches the value of 10-10.5. The final product results after cooling of the paste to ambient air temperature.

Abstract: A process for preparing an elemental sulphur-containing fertilizer is disclosed. The process uses a dispersion mill, wherein a rotor turns within a slotted stator, to wet mill elemental sulphur in a liquid (preferably an aqueous liquid), thereby providing a dispersion of milled elemental sulphur in the liquid. The dispersion is combined with further components to provide a mixture of elemental sulphur and further components, and the mixture is granulated in a granulator unit to provide granulated elemental sulphur-containing fertilizer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for rolling strip-shaped rolling stock, in particular metal strip. This method is characterised substantially by the following procedure: the metal strip A exiting the pickling line passes through the two roll stands (3, 4) of the reversing roll stand, wherein the start of a subsequent metal strip B has already been welded to the strip end of the metal strip A before entering the pickling line (5), said start of the metal strip B is then rolled as well, specifically over a length corresponding to the wind-on length until tension is built up on the reel and likewise rims on the reversing reel (1), during the subsequent reversing the metal strip B is separated from the metal strip A such that the already rolled start of the metal strip B remains on the still unrolled remaining metal strip B, then the complete metal strip A is reverse-rolled.

Abstract: A device for the optimized circulation of mandrels includes a presentation and/or cooling table for mandrel rods, a lubricating station for the mandrel rods, optionally an additional drying station for the lubricant applied to the mandrels, and associated roller conveyors. An additional secondary rod circulation of is arranged upstream of the standard rod circulation and includes two redundantly operating transfer tables connected to the presentation and/or cooling table by a third roller conveyor or the first roller conveyor for the discharge of no longer needed rods from the standard rod circulation. The third roller conveyor either forms the continuation of the first roller conveyor or is arranged parallel thereto with an offset. A fourth roller conveyor for accommodating mandrel rods or passing mandrel rods intermittently into the standard circulation via an intermediate buffer is arranged on the opposite side of the transfer tables parallel to the first roller conveyor.

Abstract: A sheet metal repair jig for smoothening a sheet metal by heating and cooling a part of the sheet metal to be repaired includes at least one roller having a cylindrical shape, the roller being made of an electrically-conductive material and serving as a heating means; a roller support shaft supporting the roller pivotably about an axis of rotation of the cylindrical shape; a support supporting the roller support shaft and having an electrode electrically connected to the roller; and a cooling channel serving as an air channel for discharging cooling air to a contact surface between the part of the sheet metal to be repaired and the roller. The cooling channel is formed inside the roller support shaft and has a discharge port that discharges the cooling air to the contact surface between the part of the sheet metal to be repaired and the roller.

Abstract: Winding device with which a tube produced in a rolling installation can be wound up outside the rolling installation. The tube which has already left the rolling installation is coiled or wound up in such a winding device for transport purposes. The disclosed device and method make it possible for the tube in the finished shaped condition to be put into a transportable state downstream of the roll stand while still other portions of the tube are at the stage of the tube shell or are just being shaped. For that purpose a winding device for a tube produced in a rolling installation comprises a bending device for curving the tube so that it can be wound in a spiral shape around a first axis, and a holding frame, wherein the bending device is mounted to the holding frame pivotably about a second axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis.

Abstract: A side panel including a first member and a second member having a higher strength is manufactured by arranging a corner portion of the second member in a recessed portion of the first member, and by simultaneously press-working the first member and the second member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive device (1) for a bending press (3), in particular a press brake, with a press frame (10) comprising a stationary press beam (2) and having a press beam (4) which can be displaced relative to the press beam (2) by means of a beam adjusting device (6) formed by a closed hydraulic system (5) comprising a hydraulic pump (46) with a controllable drive motor (47), at least one control valve (48) and at least one hydraulic linear actuator (7). The linear actuator (7) comprises a first piston arrangement (25) with a first piston (27) dividing a cylinder chamber (34) into a first pressure chamber (35) and a second pressure chamber (37) and, in another cylinder chamber (39), a second piston arrangement (26) with another piston (28) and at least one other pressure chamber (40). The first piston arrangement (25) and the second piston arrangement (26) are coupled with one another.

Abstract: This invention provides a biological component-measuring device, enabling the operator to easily calibrate the entire device and capable of measuring biological components accurately, and a method for calibrating the device. The device measures a sample including a body fluid taken through a body fluid sampler by sending it with a pump through a sample channel to a sensor. The device further includes a calibrating liquid channel through which a calibrating liquid can be supplied to the sensor via the sample channel by a switching of a first flow path changeover valve placed in the sample channel at a location upstream of the pump and connected to the channel. The method includes introducing the calibrating liquid in the calibrating liquid channel, via other channels, into the sensor by switching the valve.

Abstract: A device and method of monitoring the measurement of a fuel flow rate fed to an airplane engine includes delivering the measurement from a mass flowmeter. The monitoring also includes evaluating whether at least the following conditions are satisfied: a signal delivered by the flowmeter is less than a given value; and the engine is running on its own. The measurement is invalidated if these conditions are satisfied simultaneously.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) vibrating structure gyroscope is provided. The method includes obtaining an indication of a position of at least one proof mass with respect to at least one drive electrode and applying an electrostatic force to the at least one proof mass as a function of the indication, the electrostatic force configured to position the at least one proof mass in a first position with respect to at least one drive electrode.

Abstract: Screening of items for the presence of contaminants, such as explosives residue, is accomplished by subjecting an item loaded into a pressure chamber to a pressure substantially in excess of atmospheric pressure conditions and rapidly decompressing the item to the ambient atmospheric pressure. The rapid decompression serves to scavenge vapors and particles from the exterior and interior of the item and any objects it contains. A sample of the vapors and particles removed from the item by the rapid decompression is sampled and is tested to determine whether a predetermined contaminant is present in the sample. Depending on the types of contaminants for which the sample is tested, it is possible to detect whether explosives, biological or chemical agents, and/or narcotics residues are present on or in the item being screened.

Abstract: An apparatus is presented including an input unit for receiving initial breath samples; a breath analysis module for analyzing the initial breath samples; a comparison module for comparing the initial breath samples to subsequent breath inputs; and a breath authorization module for locking and/or unlocking the apparatus in response to results received from the comparison module. The apparatus may also include a storage unit for storing the initial breath samples and the subsequent breath inputs. The breath analysis module is a chemical breath component analyzer configured to: (i) count each of a plurality of select volatile organic compounds from the initial breath samples and the subsequent breath inputs received from the input unit and (ii) determine a concentration of each of the plurality of the select volatile organic compounds.

Abstract: A time-course change (dM/dt) in the mass of air in an intake passage downstream of a throttle value is estimated through application of a mass conservation law to the air in the passage. A time-course change dTm/dt in the temperature of the air in the passage is estimated through application of an energy conservation law to the air in the passage. The pressure of the air in the passage is estimated on the basis of the mass of the air in the passage obtained through integration of dM/dt with respect to time, the intake air temperature obtained through integration of dTm/dt with respect to time, and a state equation applied to the air in the passage. Only the state equation includes a term regarding the volume of the passage. Therefore, it is possible to easily identify the volume while monitoring only a change in the intake air pressure.

Abstract: A self-contained analysis system operable to assess gas to oil ratio (GOR), shrinkage of reservoir fluid, and composition of pressurized reservoir fluids. The analysis system can be used for extended compositional analysis of rich flashed gas and lean gas samples as well as flashed equilibrium liquids, condensates, and black oils. Analysis of the various samples is achieved without cross contamination, for example, between rich flashed gases and lean gases or between extended natural gas and liquids (e.g., black oils and condensates). The system yields accurate results up to and including C20 for gas samples and up to and including C36+ for liquid samples, and entrained water.

Abstract: A photoacoustic detector includes a sensing region for receiving atmospheric samples of a gas. A permeable membrane overlays a gas input port of the sensing region. The membrane is mechanically clamped to the sensing region by a compression force.

Abstract: A photoacoustic detector includes a sensing region for receiving atmospheric samples. Radiant energy from a source is directed toward the sensing region. A thermal isolator and a displaced optical filter are positioned between the incoming radiant energy and the sensing region so that the radiant energy passes, at least in part, through both elements.

Abstract: A photoacoustic detector wherein a detector response transfer function can be measured at various times under predetermined conditions during the life of the detector. One or more of the time related transfer functions each can, when acquired, be compared to the stored initial transfer function established at initial manufacture and calibration of the detector. Span and baseline correction values can be determined. These values can be used to compensate detected output values during normal operation. Time related transfer functions can be compared to each other as well as to the stored initial transfer function.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a photoacoustic sensor that includes a gas cell having an opening and a detector to collect pressure fluctuations within the gas cell to determine a spectral content of the pressure fluctuations within the ambient environment. The photoacoustic sensor further includes a light source to generate radiation to radiate sample gas within the gas cell and a control that receives signals from the detector that represent the spectral content of the pressure fluctuations within the ambient environment. The control adjusts a frequency of the radiation produced by the light source to a frequency that conflicts less with the spectral content of the pressure fluctuations within the ambient environment. The detector generates output electrical signals in response to acoustic signals generated by pressure fluctuations of the radiated sample gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heatable gas sensor (1) for gases containing reducing substances, comprising a gas-sensitive porous metal oxide (4) and electrical elements (2, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 18) spaced apart from one another both for heating the metal oxide (4) and for measuring a conductivity of the metal oxide (4), wherein each electrical element (2, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 18) is spatially embedded in the metal oxide (4). The invention further relates to a method for producing the gas sensor.

Abstract: A device including a gas sensor sensitive to the presence of a specific gas is disclosed. In one aspect, the gas sensor includes a first segment made of a dielectric material and a second segment made of a semiconducting material. The first segment has a first surface exposed to an environment of the gas sensor and is located between the environment and the second segment. The first segment has a first thickness and the second segment has a second thickness. The first thickness is selected such that upon diffusion of a gas molecule of the specific gas into the first segment, a dipole of the molecule of the specific gas detectably influences a bending of an energy-band structure of the semiconducting material of the second segment. The second thickness is in the order of, or smaller than, the Debye length of the semiconducting material.

Abstract: Leak detection system. The system includes a structure sized to fit within a pipe for supporting at least one sensing element near an inside wall of the pipe, whereby a pressure gradient at a leak in the pipe will cause the sensing element to respond. Structure is provided for detecting movement or deformation of the sensing element, the movement or deformation indicating the presence of a leak. In a preferred embodiment, the structure includes two spaced-apart rings for supporting the at least one sensing element. The sensing element is a diaphragm in a preferred embodiment. In this embodiment, the sensing element is supported for movement with respect to the ring structure which includes sensing circuitry for detecting the movement to indicate a leak. Other embodiments employ different sensing elements that respond to pressure gradients near leaks.

Abstract: A gas tightness testing member disposed in an electronic device includes a first end, a second end, and a fluid channel penetrating from the first end to the second end. The second end of the gas tightness testing member is combined with the electronic device, and the first end is connected to a gas tightness testing device for performing a gas tightness test.

Abstract: A method for forming a high resolution logging while drilling image includes receiving a logging while drilling data set and selecting a borehole grid. The borehole grid includes a plurality of pixels that define discrete azimuthal positions and depth positions in the borehole. The LWD data set is mapped to the selected borehole grid such that an azimuthal position and a depth position are assigned to each data point in the data set. An interpolation routine is used to fill empty pixels. Disclosed embodiments enable high resolution LWD imaging that may resolve various fine formation features such as fractures, fine bedding layers, breakout, and vugs.