Abstract: A shock-absorbing handlebar mount includes a yoke assembly, and a first and a second clamping mechanism coupled to the yoke assembly and configured to attach the handlebar mount to a steering stem in an off-road vehicle. Each of the clamping mechanisms includes an upper and a lower clamping block, and an upper and a lower shock absorber. The first and second clamping mechanisms each further include a bolt extending through the blocks and shock absorbers, and being rotatable to clamp the steering stem between the corresponding blocks. Each clamping mechanism further includes an alignment key coupling together the corresponding blocks to inhibit non-axial displacement thereof, such that shearing forces on the shock absorbers are reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: A handle weight mounting structure of a saddle-ride-type vehicle includes a dynamic damper on the inside of a handle pipe while rigidly mounting a handle weight. A hollow handle pipe is provided with the handle weight arranged in the handle pipe by insertion from an outer end of the handle pipe. The handle weight includes a bolt insertion hole having a tapered portion on an inner portion thereof in the vehicle widthwise direction. A split groove with a nut member is formed into a tapered shape and is engaged with a split-groove side of the handle weight. A weight fixing bolt passes through the bolt insertion hole of the handle weight and fastens the handle weight and the nut member to each other. A mounting member for a dynamic damper is supported on the inside of the handle pipe in a floating state and is mounted on the nut member.

Abstract: A pedal system containing a right foot pedal, a left foot pedal and a motion inverter mechanism. The right foot pedal is moveable from a right foot pedal neutral position to a depressed acceleration position. The left foot pedal is moveable from a left foot pedal neutral position to a depressed braking position. The motion inverter mechanism operatively couples to the right and left foot pedals, for movement of the right foot pedal or the left foot pedal in an opposite direction to a raised position upon depression of the other of the right foot pedal or the left foot pedal. Also disclosed is a method of preventing concurrent depression of the gas and brake pedal. The pedal system disclosed can allow left foot braking and can also prevent concurrent depression of the gas and brake pedals, and hence, avoid stalling an automobile. The pedal system may also be installed with “drive by wire” type automobiles.

Abstract: The device for crossing obstacles for a motorized vehicle includes a chassis connected to n (n?3) wheels on each side, and a driver suitable for rotating the wheels. Each side of the chassis includes a mechanism comprising n?1 arms hingedly connected two-by-two about a shared pivoting axis on which the n wheels are distributed, respectively a front wheel, n?2 intermediate wheels, and a rear wheel. The mechanism allows each wheel to pivot relative to the axis of each adjacent wheel.

Abstract: A dynamic damper for attenuating torsional vibration of a rotary member irrespective of oscillation angle of a pendulum. The dynamic damper 1 comprises a pendulum 3 oscillated by torque pulse of the rotary member 2, and oscillation frequency of the pendulum 3 is tuned to a torque pulse frequency. In a suspending member of the pendulum, a pivot point P and an oscillation length L of the pendulum 3 are changed in accordance with an increase in an oscillation angle of the pendulum 3. Therefore, a mass of the pendulum 3 is allowed to oscillate while tracing an approximate cycloid path so that the torsional vibration of the rotary member 2 can be attenuated irrespective of oscillation angle of the pendulum 3.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] To provide a balancer that can correct dynamic imbalance in rotatable bodies such as machine tools. The correction for low-speed rotation is possible to the same extent as that for high-speed rotation. [Solution to Problem] The balancer, attachable via its attaching portion to a rotatable body, and rotatable together therewith about its rotation axis, includes: weights of same mass and shape; and a weight holder with storage chambers for housing the weights, respectively, such that the weights can oscillate in arbitrary directions. The weight is shaped similar to and smaller than the chamber. The chamber is a cylindrical space extending alongside its central axis; and has concave curved ends perpendicular to the central axis.

Abstract: Spindles and cranks for bicycles are disclosed herein. An embodiment of a spindle comprises a first spindle portion comprising a first end and a second end. The first end is substantially opposite the second end, wherein a first bicycle crank arm is attachable to the first end. A second spindle portion comprises a first end and a second end. The first end is substantially opposite the second end, wherein a second bicycle crank arm is attachable to the first end. A spring device is connected between the first spindle portion and the second spindle portion. The first spindle portion second end is located proximate the second spindle portion second end.

Abstract: A bracket for attaching a gearbox to an engine casing has a first portion having a first array of openings for receiving attachments therethrough, the first portion having, on a backside thereof, a first rail for engaging a slot in the engine casing, and a second portion having a second array of openings for receiving attachments therethrough. A hookup for attaching to the gearbox attaches to and in between the first portion and the second portion for diminishing effects of radial rotation between the casing and the gearbox.

Abstract: In the invention, there is provided a differential gear case that includes a container housing of a differential gear, the container housing having on an outer surface thereof an annular flange that extends around an axis of rotation of the container housing, and one of two areas of the container housing that are separated by the annular flange being formed with an opening that is communicated with a containing space formed in the container housing. The area of the container housing that is formed with the opening is provided with a fixing portion used for fixing the differential gear case. The fixing portion comprises two flat surfaces that are in parallel with a plane surface containing the axis of rotation of the container housing and arranged around the axis of rotation keeping a space therebetween, the fixing portion being integrally provided by an outside edge portion of a side of the edge portion defining the opening, which faces the flange.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gear housing (1) comprising a gear, particularly comprising a gear of a wiper device for motor vehicles, having a housing base body (4), having a housing cover (3) affixed at a distance to the housing base body (4) by means of a plurality of retaining clips (6) made of spring steel in circumferential direction, and having an annular seal (20) disposed between the housing base body (4) and the housing cover (3) and pressed against a support region (24) of the housing base body. The invention provides that the radial extension (y) of the support region is smaller than the radial extension (x, x?) of the annular seal.

Abstract: A crankshaft flange protector comprising a cover having a top wall, a bottom wall and a sidewall, the top wall having a recessed portion formed of an interior sidewall and a recessed portion bottom wall sized to correspondingly receive and support the crankshaft flange therein.

Abstract: In an hydraulic pressure supply apparatus for a transmission having an input shaft connected to a drive shaft of a prime mover mounted on a vehicle through a torque converter with a lockup clutch, it is configured to have a hydraulic pump drawing up and discharging operating oil; a regulator valve regulating discharged pressure to a line pressure; first and second switching valves supplying hydraulic pressure to the first and second clutches; a first hydraulic control valve supplying the regulated line pressure to the lockup clutch; a third switching valve connected to an output port of the first hydraulic control valve; and first and second electromagnetic valves connected to operating ports of the first, second and third switching valves and adapted to switch among the first, second and third switching valves upon being energized and deenergized.

Abstract: In an hydraulic pressure supply apparatus for a transmission, it is configured to have a first hydraulic control valve supplying signal pressure to a pressure regulation port of a regulator valve that regulates discharged pressure discharged from a hydraulic pump to line pressure; a second hydraulic control valve regulating the line pressure and supply it to a lockup clutch; a connecting section connecting a hydraulic passage connecting the first hydraulic control valve and the pressure regulation port with a hydraulic passage connected to an output port of the second hydraulic control valve; and a selecting mechanism installed at the connecting section to select higher pressure between output pressures of the first and second hydraulic control valves such that the selected one acts on the pressure regulation port.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mechanical device for reducing the energy absorbed by an electric motor of a hoisting plant. The device according to the invention comprises at least one first rotating member moved by the motor of the hoisting plant. The device also comprises a second rotating member connected to the first member through first transmission means. At least one third rotating member is connected to the second rotating member through second transmission means with flexible elements, which develop a transmission ratio equal to unity. The device further comprises a fourth rotating member operatively connected to the rotor of the electric motor. The fourth rotating member and the third rotating member are connected through third flexible-element-transmission means, which develop a transmission ratio equal to unity.

Abstract: A device for starting an engine includes a starter for starting the engine and an ECU. The starter includes a pinion gear for engagement with a ring gear for cranking the engine, an actuator structured to engage the pinion gear with a ring gear, and a motor for rotating the pinion gear. The actuator and the motor can individually be controlled. The ECU has a rotation mode for driving the motor prior to drive of the actuator and an engagement mode for causing the actuator to engage the pinion gear and the ring gear with each other prior to drive of the motor. When a request to start the engine is made, the ECU switches selection between the rotation mode and the engagement mode based on a rotation speed of the engine and a reduction rate in rotation speed of the engine.

Abstract: Impulse traction device for moving a body (M) resting on a bearing surface (S), characterized in that it comprises impulse means generating opposed alternate impulses (Ivo+, Ivo?) according to an impulse direction (I), wherein said impulse di-reaction (I) is oblique with respect to said bearing surface (S),

Abstract: A process for producing a high-cleanliness steel which can produce, without relying upon a high-cost remelting process, steel products having cleanliness high enough to satisfy requirements for properties of mechanical parts used under severe environmental conditions. The production process comprises the steps of: transferring a molten steel produced in an arc melting furnace or a converter to a ladle furnace to refine the molten steel; subjecting the molten steel to circulation-type degassing; and casting the molten steel into an ingot, wherein, in transferring the molten steel to the ladle furnace, a deoxidizer including aluminum and silicon, is added to previously deoxidize the molten steel, that is, to perform tapping deoxidation before refining in the ladle refining furnace.

Abstract: Hard particles for blending as a starting material in a sintered alloy contain 20 to 40 mass % of molybdenum, 0.5 to 1.0 mass % of carbon, 5 to 30 mass % of nickel, 1 to 10 mass % of manganese, 1 to 10 mass % of chromium, 5 to 30 mass % of cobalt, 0.05 to 2 mass % of yttrium, and the balance being inadvertent impurities and iron.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for gasifying or liquifying coal. In particular, the method comprises reacting a coal with a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy bath. The apparatus includes a reaction vessel for carrying out the reaction, as well as other equipment necessary for capturing and removing the reaction products. Further, the process can be used to cogenerate electricity using the excess heat generated by the process.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing sponge titanium from potassium fluotitanate by aluminothermic reduction, comprising the following steps: a reaction step: aluminum and zinc are mixed under a vacuum state, and the mixture is then reacted with potassium fluotitanate; a distillation step: KF, AlF3 and Zn generated by reaction are distilled out under a vacuum state; and a cooling step: sponge titanium is obtained subsequent to banking cooling. The invention further provides another method for preparing sponge titanium from potassium fluotitanate by aluminothermic reduction, comprising the following steps: a reaction step: aluminum and magnesium are mixed under a vacuum argon introduction condition, and the mixture is then reacted with potassium fluotitanate; a distillation step: KF, AlF3, MgF2 and Mg generated by reaction are distilled out under a vacuum state; and a cooling step: sponge titanium is obtained subsequent to banking cooling.

Abstract: The invention provides a technological method for preparing sponge titanium from sodium fluotitanate raw material, comprising the following steps: step A: placing aluminum in an airtight resistance furnace, evacuating, introducing inert gas into the resistance furnace, and heating the aluminum to obtain molten aluminum; step B: opening a reactor cover, adding a proper amount of sodium fluotitanate into the reactor, closing the reactor cover, detecting leakage, slowly heating the reactor to 150° C., evacuating and continuously heating the reactor to 250° C.; step C: introducing inert gas into the reactor, continuously heating the reactor to 900° C., and stirring uniformly; step D: opening a valve, adjusting the stirring speed, dripping the molten aluminum, and controlling the temperature of reaction in a range from 900 to 1000° C.; and step E: opening the reactor cover, removing a stirring device out of the reactor, and eliminating NaAlF4 at upper layer to obtain sponge titanium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing sponge titanium, which includes the following steps: Step A: placing aluminum into a resistance furnace, vacuum pumping, introducing inert gas, heating to molten aluminum; Step B: opening a reactor cover, adding a proper amount of potassium fluotitanate to a reactor, leakage detecting after closing the reactor cover, slowly raising the temperature to 150° C., vacuum pumping, and continuously heating to 250° C.; Step C: introducing inert gas into the reactor, continuously raising the temperature to 750° C., stirring uniformly; Step D: opening a valve to adjust the stirring speed, adding molten aluminum drops, and controlling the reaction temperature to 750° C. to 850° C.; Step E: opening the reactor cover, removing a stirring device, eliminating the upper layer of KAlF4 to obtain sponge titanium. The present invention has the beneficial effects of short process flow, low cost, environmental protection and harmlessness.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing sponge titanium from sodium fluotitanate by aluminothermic reduction, comprising the following steps: a reaction step: aluminum and zinc are mixed under a vacuum state, and sodium fluotitanate is then added into the mixture for reaction; a separation step: the product resulting from the complete reaction stands still and is then introduced with inert gas, and NaF and AlF3 in upper-layer liquid phase are extracted; and a distillation step: Zn in the remaining product Zn—Ti is distilled out under a vacuum state, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum to the zinc is 1:2 to 1:10.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide new methods of rhenium recovery. The methods can include subjecting a metal-bearing solution to an activated carbon bed, and adsorbing rhenium onto the activated carbon. The methods can also include heating a basic aqueous elution solution and eluting the rhenium from the activated carbon with the heated elution solution.

Abstract: This invention provides a process of leaching gold that can be inexpensively and efficiently carried out without using cyan from the mixture containing sulfur and gold, typically from the material which contains sulfur and gold and is an intermediate product recovered by the flotation method in the hydrometallurgical method. Specifically, this invention provides a process of leaching gold from the mixture containing elemental sulfur and gold, comprising contacting said mixture and an aqueous solution of hydroxide of one or more of metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and reacting said hydroxides and elemental sulfur so that thiosulfate of corresponding metal, and thus, gold is leached by the thiosulfate produced.

Abstract: A chain saw sharpening device having a generally U-shaped frame defined by an upper web and first and second parallel side walls for overlying the chain and the guide bar of the chain saw. The frame includes an open area near the center of the upper web defining a sharpening area. Clamping screws are associated with the frame to secure the frame to the cutting bar and an additional clamping screw is associated with the frame for engaging the link of the tooth to be sharpened in order to fix its position with respect to the sharpening area of the frame. A rotary burr having an abradant surface is receivable in either of two diagonally disposed, independently removable bore guides for sharpening left-hand and right-hand cutting teeth.

Abstract: In a multi-function tool structure, a body and a work rod are pivotally connected together and can form a folded and retracted state. Moreover, an elastically movable press button is disposed on the body and can link up a positioning pin movably inserted into the work rod. Thus, pressing the press button can release a lock between the work rod and the positioning pin so that the work rod is swingable, while releasing the press button can lock the positioning pin and the work rod together again. Thus, the work rod and the body can be folded and retracted to facilitate the storage and carrying. After the work rod is developed, it can form multiple included angles with respect to the body so that the requirements of different operation angles can be satisfied.

Abstract: A steering device for a ratchet screwdriver includes a base. The base has a receiving hole defined therein. Two receiving grooves are defined in the base. A moving slot is comparted from receiving hole. A ratchet rod is partially received in the base. The ratchet rod includes a spindle and a ratchet wheel disposed on the spindle. Two blockers are respectively received in the two receiving grooves. Each blocker has unidirectional teeth formed on one end thereof for selectively engaging with the ratchet wheel. A housing is sleeved on the base. The housing has a protrusion disposed on an interior thereof for inserting into the moving slot.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for attachment to a line pull tong tubing joint make-up system on an oil rig, having tongs attached to two sections of pipe with one tong connected to a line pull apparatus, having a fluid-operated clutch connected to pressurized fluid source and the other tong connected to a piston-cylinder assembly.

Abstract: A work piece turning tool is provided. The tool includes: a body having two ends; a gripper located at one end configured to grip a work piece; a handle located at the end opposite of the gripper; and tool attachment located at a base of the handle at the end of the tool, wherein the tool attachment includes both an exterior drive and an interior drive. A method of turning a work piece is provided. The method includes: attaching a first tool having a movable gripper end to the work piece; attaching a second tool to a drive mounted to the handle of the first tool; moving the first tool to a desired orientation with respect to the gripper; and turning the work piece by moving the second tool.

Abstract: An adjustable socket structure contains a body including a first groove, a second groove, a first notch, a number of slots; a plurality of paws, each including a sliding block, and the sliding block including a first hole; a number of connecting rods, each being movably fixed in the second groove and including a first axial shank and a second axial shank; a driving shaft including an axial portion and a disk portion, wherein the axial portion includes a square bore, and the disk portion is rotated in the first groove and includes an outer diameter larger that the axial portion and three second holes so that the driving shaft is rotated to actuate the paws to move in the slots respectively by using the connecting rods; a helical retaining ring retained in the first notch to abut against a rear end of the disk portion of the driving shaft.

Abstract: A screwdriver for an inherent tool bit set includes a screwdriver device, a cover member and a control set. The screwdriver device has an accommodating portion at one end. Accommodating rooms are formed on the accommodating portion for receiving a tool bit set. Two spring rooms are deposited on the accommodating portion. The screwdriver device has a working shaft at another end. A cover member has a receiving space at one end for receiving the accommodating portion. Two through holes are opened on the cover member. The through hole is communicated with the receiving space and corresponding to the spring room. Two control sets are assembled between the spring room and the through hole. Thus, a user presses the control sets into the spring rooms for separating the cover member from the screwdriver device and takes a tool bit to assemble to the working shaft for screwing or loosing bolts.

Abstract: A power tool assembly includes an anvil having an accessory receiving end portion that defines a detent bore. A detent is positioned in the detent bore and movable between a retracted position and an extended position in the detent bore. A biasing member is configured to urge the detent toward the extended position. The detent includes an upper detent portion having a trailing abutment surface, a trailing top surface portion, and a leading top surface portion. When the detent is positioned in the extended position, the trailing abutment surface and the trailing top surface portion are located outside of the detent bore, and the leading top surface portion is located within the detent bore. When the detent is positioned in the retracted position, the trailing abutment surface is located within the detent bore, and the leading top surface portion is located within the detent bore.

Abstract: A screwdriver for screwing a screw includes a handle, a shaft protruding from the handle, a tip protruding a distal end of the shaft, a nut threaded on the shaft, a jaw slidably mounted on the shaft. The jaw includes a main body and a plurality of flexible holding elements protruding from the main body. The flexible holding elements define a flexible holding space. The screwdriver further includes a spring retained between the nut and the jaw. The bendable portions hold the screw; as the screw is screwed, the main body is withdrawn along the shaft to compress the spring.

Abstract: An electrical torque screwdriver includes a handle, a shaft, a torque limiter, and an electrical switch. The shaft is disposed on the handle and rotatable but not movable linearly. The torque limiter includes a driving tooth, a slipping block, a pawl, and at least one restoring element. The driving tooth is disposed on the shaft. The slipping block is disposed on the handle. The slipping block is displaceable linearly but not rotatable. The pawl is disposed on the slipping block and engaged with the driving tooth. The restoring element is pivotally disposed on the handle and has a restoring force, wherein one end of the restoring element resists against the slipping block for pushing the pawl to be engaged with the driving tooth. The electrical switch is disposed on the handle for optionally resisting against the other end of the restoring element to stop the restoring element.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a silicon carbide substrate includes the steps of preparing an ingot of single crystal silicon carbide and obtaining a substrate by cutting the ingot. Then, in the step of obtaining a substrate, cutting proceeds in a direction ? in which an angle ? formed with respect to a <11-20> direction or a <1-100> direction of the ingot is 15°±5° in an orthogonal projection on a {0001} plane.

Abstract: A paper-sheet punching device shown in FIG. 4 includes a motor 22 for driving a reciprocatingly movable punching blade 21 and is provided with a punching process unit 20? for punching two or more holes at one end of paper-sheets 3 and with a CPU 55 for controlling this unit. The CPU 55 detects whether the punching blades 21 rushes into a home position in which the stop position of the punching blades 21 is allowed, executes reverse rotation brake control on the motor 22 for a predetermined period of time from the point of time when the punching blades 21 rushes into the home position, and prolongs the reverse rotation brake control on the motor 22 after the punching blades 21 reaches a predetermined position. It becomes possible to stop the punching blade within the home position when the punching blade stops.

Abstract: A spacer disc is placed onto the drive shaft of a hand-held grinder to position a cut-off disc or cut-off wheel at or beyond the end of the shaft. An annular insert at the proximal face is placed against the backing plate and a concave distal face is positioned against the cut-off disc. The spacer disc is composed of a spacer body of semi-rigid material with an open axial core. A flanged retainer nut secures the cut-off disc onto the grinder shaft against the distal face of the spacer disc. This arrangement permits the tool to be held with the cut-off disc flush to a flat workpiece surface.

Abstract: A tool unit (3) for a cutting or sawing machine with a tool carrier (103) enabling especially deep cuts, comprises a first tool (1) and a second part (2, 50). The first tool (1) comprises a disk shaped cutting blade (10) and a first blade driving member (40). The second part (2, 50) comprises either a second blade driving member (50), or a second tool (2) comprising a disk shaped cutting blade (10) and a second blade driving member (50). The first tool (1) is secured to the second part (2, 50) by means of a central clamping unit. Each cutting blade (10), has a central aperture defined by a central edge, and a peripheral cutting edge (13), being the working part of the tool (1, 2). The blade driving members (40, 50) are arranged to rotate together with the disk shaped cutting blade/s (10) about an axis of rotation (A). At least one of the driving members (40, 50) has a circumferential driving surface (41, 51) provided to be able to cooperate with an endless power transmission means.

Abstract: A cutting device for cutting a wedge and/or conductive bar or coils and/or part of thereof within a slot of an electric machine includes a saw with at least a blade, a guide for guiding the saw during cutting, the guide being connectable to the electric machine. The saw and the guide are withheld together preventing their separation.

Abstract: A die for forming an elongated strand of continuous material includes a front surface, an opposing back surface, a peripheral surface positioned therebetween, a groove, and a pair of peaks. The groove may be located on the front surface and may originate near the center of the front surface and terminate at the edge of the front surface. The groove may revolve around the center, getting progressively farther away from the center as it revolves. The peaks may be located at opposing edges of the groove, wherein the peaks of one portion of the groove contact the peaks of neighboring portions of the groove to form a blade. The die is pressed against an adhesive charge, such that the blade cuts the material to form an elongated, continuous noodle.

Abstract: Indicated is a method for production of a metallic-sounding musical instrument of the steelpan-type, in particular for production of a Hang®. In the method the steel sheet with a thickness of 0.75 to 1.25 mm required for the production is nitrided until the sheet is completely permeated with iron nitride needles. The linear density of the needles is, as a rule, between 40·10·103 m?1 to 80·103 m?1. The type of nitriding can be selected freely. The thus obtained instrument is characterized by novel tones.

Abstract: A method for designing a bell, comprising defining a shape of a body wall of the bell in a general form of a frustum that is open at both ends, and determining an optimal size and location of a stiffening element to be added to said bell for increasing a frequency ratio of a second mode of vibration of the bell relative to one or more other modes of vibration to be tuned in the bell. Also, a method of producing a bell, and a bell so produced.

Abstract: A system and method for musical training allows users to visually and aurally associate musical notes. The system allows user input to designate musical notes and instruments on which those notes are to be played. Users can spell words and phrases using the letter designations of the musical scale. The note associated with the letter designation of the musical scale is played back to the user on demand. Words and phrases are spelled with the letter designations can also be played back as musical notes associated with the letters used. The system can generate musical notes in a variety of musical instruments.

Abstract: An optoelectronic pickup for a musical instrument includes at least one light source which directs light to impinge a string of the musical instrument in at least one photoreceiver located to detect the reflected light, so as to generate an electrical signal that is responsive to string vibrations. A number of different filter approaches are disclosed that can control undesired effects of spurious light. The filter approaches may be structure-based, signal processing-based, and/or optics-based.

Abstract: In a vacuum booster for a vehicular brake, at least one of flat front attachment portion and flat rear attachment portion has a central disc portion which is concentric with a fitting cylindrical portion and plural side disc portions which are disposed around the central disc portion so as to be continuous with the central disc portion and to be spaced from each other. Bolts are inserted through at least a pair of side disc portions of the plural side disc portions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for locking an axially movable component (2) of a hydraulic system, wherein the axially movable component (2) can be detachably fixed in a positively locking manner in at least one axial position by means of a detent mechanism (4) with at least one detent body (5), and with a release device (6) for releasing the respective detent body (5) from the axially movable component (2), wherein the detent mechanism (4) can be latched and released by means of a clamping piston (7) and using a force store (8), and wherein the clamping piston (7) can be moved in a working chamber (27) which can be charged with a clamping pressure, which device is characterized in that the clamping piston (7) can be adjusted at least into one switching position by a switching device (9), in that the clamping piston (7) can be acted on with the clamping pressure by means of the switching device (9) and, in said switching position, can be moved out of the latching position thereof by the force store (8) in

Abstract: A new system of hydraulic and piston cylinders for the lifting of large loads manufactured based on commercial tubes, in which the cylinder tube (1), closed on its lower part possesses a welded and rigid washer (2) on its lower part and inside the aforementioned cylinder. The piston has another rigid washer welded to it (4) at a certain distance from the lower end and on its outer surface. Between the two there is an O-Ring seal (6) of variable geometry that is constructed with an elastomeric, compressable and deformable material of low friction and high elasticity and a free washer. The compression of the O-Ring seal makes up a system that closes, guaranteeing its watertightness.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cylinder liner having a high bonding strength to a cylinder block. Further disclosed is a method for producing the same. The cylinder liner uses a silicon-aluminum alloy as a material; a plurality of protrusions are formed on the external surface thereof; and the protrusions each contain a pillar section extending from the external surface, and a head section formed at the end of the pillar section.

Abstract: An actuation assembly including a sleeve member having a radially outwardly extending projection and a piston having an axis, the piston operatively coupled to the projection of the sleeve member and arranged to exert an actuation force on the projection of the sleeve member for actuating the sleeve member, the actuation force positioned about radially aligned with the axis or radially outwardly from the axis.