Abstract: A fax conversion system for determining a measure of the number of pages transmitted by fax to or from a plurality of users, comprising: means for converting the transmitted pages into a format that can be output electronically rather than in hardcopy, means for counting the number of pages within an individual fax transmission, means for associating said fax transmission with a respective one of said plurality of users, and means for determining a measure of the total number of pages transmitted by fax to or from each of said plurality of users. The system may determine a measure of an equivalent number of trees saved, or the number of carbon credits gained, by not producing hardcopies of transmitted pages.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to an integrated multi-function device that is capable of both connecting to a wide area network via wired Ethernet or cellular connection and providing network connectivity to one or more devices within an internal network as part of a wireless mesh network. In some embodiments, the multi-function device may be an enhanced multi-function printing device, such as a network printer, scanner, copier, fax machine, or combination of such devices. The multi-function printing device may act as a gateway device by connecting to a WAN, such as the Internet. The multi-function printing device may further provide network access to other devices in a LAN, such as desktop and laptop computers, office telephones, cellular telephones, multimedia devices, and other printing devices, using a wireless protocol, such as the IEEE 802.11 standard.

Abstract: A method of determining a probability of a set of print jobs being completed within a time period may include receiving a schedule associated with a set of print jobs. The schedule may include a sequence in which the set of print jobs is to be processed, a mean processing time associated with each print job in the set, and a standard deviation of a processing time associated with each print job in the set. The method may include determining a probability that a print shop will complete processing of the set of print jobs within a time period based on the mean processing time and standard deviation associated with each of the print jobs in the set that has not been processed and displaying the probability on a display device.

Abstract: A printing system having a print engine, the printing system includes a print engine capable of printing an image on a media; an input buffer adapted to store processed elements of pages for pages to be printed; an assembly means adapted to assemble ready to print pages from the elements of pages; an estimator adapted to estimate complexity of pages assembly according to the elements of pages in the estimated page; a transmission interface for transmitting the ready to print pages to the print engine and to transfer an image to the media; and a speed control element for controlling a speed of the print engine wherein the speed is set according to the estimated complexity of pages assembly.

Abstract: A method for estimating complexity of pages and controlling printing speed of a printing machine wherein the speed is set according to the estimated complexity of pages, the method includes the steps of processing pages elements; storing the processed pages elements in an input memory; estimating complexity of pages assembly according to the processed elements of pages in the estimated pages; assembling the pages from the elements of pages comprised in the estimated pages to produce ready to print pages; transmitting the ready to print pages to a print engine for printing; and setting the print engine speed wherein the speed is selected according to the estimated complexity of pages assembly.

Abstract: One or more management components mediate a bi-directional interaction between applications. The components mediate interaction between a first application such as a word processing, video conference, or multimedia application, and a second application that is a virtualization of a physical device such as a printer, camera, or multimedia device. Further, embodiments also support a second application that provides an interface to a service provider, online business, and the like. The management component(s) may function as part of an operating system (OS), allowing the OS to mediate the interaction, and enable greater flexibility and a richer user experience, including presenting a common user experience for the interaction and/or acting as a broker to present a experience generated from the second application. Embodiments also include a unified application programming interface (API) to allow applications to interact with each other via the management component(s) of the OS.

Abstract: The present specification discloses devices for faxing documents. In an exemplary embodiment, the device has at least one processor in data communication with a memory, a memory for storing programmatic instructions, where, upon execution by the processor, the programmatic instructions: 1) cause a display to show at least one data field, 2) receive alphanumeric strings that have been inputted into the at least one data field, 3) analyze at least one of the alphanumeric strings, 4) based on the analysis, determine a code, and 5) dial the code prior to dialing any portion of the alphanumeric strings.

Abstract: An information management apparatus includes the following elements. A generator generates a circulation document including an e-document and document identification information thereof. A job information registration section extracts and registers job information, and also specifies and registers a due date of the job. A history information registration section registers the obtained document identification information and operation history information indicating a type and a time of operation performed on the circulation document. An output section specifies document identification information associated with job information that is at least partially identical to the job information associated with the obtained document identification information and associated with operation history information indicating that a job has been completed.

Abstract: An image forming device is provided. The device includes a main body which includes a main controller controlling operations of the image forming device, a consumable unit mounted on the main body to enable communication with the main controller, and a CRUM chip which is provided in the consumable unit and stores usage information of the consumable unit and characteristics information The main controller and the CRUM chip transmit and receive signals which include data and integrity detection data between each other. The integrity detection data is generated by accumulating and reflecting integrity detection data included in a previous signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for uploading an image file of the apparatus to a social network service (SNS) site are provided. The method includes displaying history information on a user interface (UI) screen, which is displayed on a display unit of the apparatus, through an application executed in the apparatus, selecting an image file displayed in the history information, selecting an SNS site, and uploading the selected image file to the selected SNS site. The history information is generated by the application so as to correspond to an image file. The image file may be generated through the image scanning apparatus and uploaded to the SNS site, generated through the image scanning apparatus and not uploaded to the SNS site, or stored in a storage unit of the apparatus and uploaded to the SNS site.

Abstract: A management server is provided. The management server includes a user interface to receive an input of a plug-in corresponding to a job of an image forming apparatus to generate a workform, which defines a job performing order of the image forming apparatus, and to receive an input of an execution start condition of the plug-in, a workform generator to generate a workform based on the input plug-in and the execution start condition, and a communication interface to transmit the generated workform to the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A method of inputting e-mail addresses at an image forming apparatus, the method including accessing a server storing member information about members who have contacted a user online, by using log-in information of the user; receiving the member information stored in the server from the server; generating a list of e-mail addresses of the members by using the received member information; and updating an address book stored in the image forming apparatus by using the list of generated e-mail addresses.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for printing a scheduled print job by a printing device connected to a client device over a network. The method includes transmitting, by the client device, a request to print the scheduled print job to the printing device. The scheduled print job include print data and schedule data corresponding to a scheduled time the print data is to be printed. The printing device obtains the print job from cloud storage or from local storage depending on a storage selection indicator, and executes the scheduled print job at the scheduled time. A determination is made as to whether the scheduled print job was printed successfully at the scheduled time. Further, a message indicating whether the scheduled print job was printed successfully, based on the determination, is sent to a predetermined device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which enables a user to set the size of a sheet and/or configure an aggregation setting while checking the size of an image to be obtained when the image is actually printed on the sheet. The image forming apparatus sets the size of a sheet for image formation, and further sets aggregation printing. When setting the size of the sheet, an image is displayed for actual-size preview, in association with each of sizes of the sheet which can be set for image formation. When the aggregation printing is to be set, an image is displayed in the same size as a size of the image assumed when formed on the recording medium, in association with each of numbers of pages which can be set for the aggregation printing.

Abstract: There is provided a printing system including an information processing apparatus in which a model-specific printer driver is not installed. The information processing apparatus includes a display unit and a transmission unit. The display unit controls display of an extended print setting screen for specifying a model-specific printer function using information acquired from a print server based on configuration information from a printer. The transmission unit transmits print data to the print server. The print server includes an issuing unit configured to issue a print job to the printer using print data and a print ticket containing a setting specified through the extended print setting screen.

Abstract: An information processing system that includes: a job execution apparatus; an information processing apparatus configured to send a job to the job execution apparatus; and an information management apparatus configured to store log information of the job, the information processing apparatus including: a job sending unit configured to send identification information of each job to the job execution apparatus with the job; and a first log sending unit configured to send the log information of the job to the information management apparatus by including the identification information into the log information, and the job execution apparatus including: a second log sending unit configured to include the identification information into the log information of the job, and to send the log information to the information management apparatus, wherein the information management apparatus integrates pieces of log information having common identification information, and stores the integrated log information.

Abstract: An image processing system includes an image processing apparatus; an information processing apparatus configured to transmit an instruction on image processing to the image processing apparatus; a power supply apparatus configured to supply power to the image processing apparatus. The information processing apparatus includes a first transmitting unit configured to transmit, to the power supply apparatus, start instruction to start power supply to the image processing apparatus when an execution instruction is received, and a second transmitting unit configured to transmit, to the image processing apparatus, the execution instruction and execution information needed to perform a process when a communication with the image processing apparatus is enabled. The power supply apparatus includes a power control unit configured to start power supply to the image processing apparatus when the start instruction is received.

Abstract: An apparatus for assigning a print job is provided. The apparatus includes a detector configured to detect an ambient temperature of each of a plurality of areas, said each of the areas including at least one printer and at least one air conditioning system; a selection portion configured to select a printer included in a suitable area of the areas, the suitable area being an area where the ambient temperature detected is lower than a predetermined temperature; and an issuing portion configured to give a print job to the printer selected.

Abstract: A label printer comprises input means operable by a user to input label data. The label printer also has display means and control means configured to receive said input label data from the input means. The control means is arranged to control the display to display an image of a label defined by said input label data in a label display area. The control means is configured to cause the display to display said image of the label such that a first dimension of the image of the label is decreased with respect to the corresponding dimension of said display area so that all of said image of the label is displayed in said display area.

Abstract: A method for end-to-end printing, including entering into service level agreements with each of a plurality of partner systems that enable customers to order personalized print products, wherein a service level agreement designates maximum delays for finishing customer print orders, receiving customer print orders transmitted from the plurality of partner systems, each print order specifying at least one personalized print product, serializing the print orders into a plurality of work items, each work item corresponding to a part of a personalized print product that is to be printed on printable material, dynamically assigning priorities to the work items, dynamically advancing the work items through a plurality of print processing states, wherein each processing state processes work items in order of their priorities.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus configured to allow a plurality of installed applications to be executed includes a storage unit configured to include a storage area storing information about the plurality of applications, and a registration unit configured to receive the application information about the application from an external apparatus without involving the application and to register the received application information into the storage area, wherein the application information includes identification information for identifying the application and usage information to be used by the application.

Abstract: To enable data in a WWW server on a network to be directly obtained without passing through an information processing apparatus and to reduce a load which is applied to the network when the data obtained from the WWW server is printed, a digital copier has a function, namely, a Web Pull Printing function for actively accessing to the WWW server, obtaining data of an HTML format in the WWW server, and printing by a self printer. A Web print request to the digital copier by the user is executed through a print utility which is operating on a client.

Abstract: A printing system includes a printing station; a finishing line controller for controlling operation of one or more finishing devices arrangeable in-line with the printing station and a first communication link between the printing station and the controller for communicating job commands from the printing station to the finishing line controller to be translated into finishing action commands by the finishing line controller and communicated to said one or more finishing devices.

Abstract: A display processing apparatus includes a receiving unit configured to receive display information indicating whether gloss-control plane image data is displayed and whether clear plane image data is displayed. The gloss-control plane image data specifies a type of a surface effect applied to a recording medium and a glossy area to which the surface effect is to be applied, and indicates a color of the glossy area when being displayed. The clear plane image data specifies a transparent image formed on the recording medium and indicates a color of the transparent image when being displayed. The apparatus also includes a generating unit configured to synthesize color plane image data indicating a color image and one of the gloss-control plane image data and the clear plane image data that is specified to be displayed thus to generate a synthetic image.

Abstract: A threshold matrix generating method includes: generating q(x, y, g) in which the number of dots in an initial dot pattern is varied; calculating an error matrix (ERR(x, y, g)) of q(x, y, g); calculating AVE(a, b) representing the uniformity of the number of dots in discrete blocks into which the dot pattern has been divided; determining two pixels, of which the dot positions are to be swapped, on the basis of ERR (x, y, g) and AVE(a, b); swapping the dot positions; calculating the evaluation value (MSE(n)) of q(x, y, g) after the positional swapping; and repeating the positional switch of the dots repeating the generation of q(x, y, g) and the positional swapping of the dots with q(x, y, g) functioning as the initial dot pattern until a q(x, y, g) satisfying MSN(n)<MSN(n?1) is obtained.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an image forming apparatus includes: a detecting unit, a storing unit, a threshold determining unit, and a control unit. The detecting unit detects an ambient brightness level at an arbitrary time zone. The storing unit stores information indicating the brightness level detected by the detecting unit. The threshold determining unit determines a threshold serving as a criterion for switching into a low-power-consumption mode according to the information indicating the brightness level stored in the storing unit. The control unit controls switching into the low-power-consumption mode using the threshold determined by the threshold determining unit.

Abstract: Provided are an image processing apparatus, an image processing method, a computer-readable medium storing a computer program and an image processing system improving edge detection precision at the time of flare occurrence. The image processing apparatus includes an input unit for taking image data including a document region, a first candidate detector for detecting a first candidate of an edge point constituting a boundary line of the document region by scanning binarized image of the image data with a predetermined pattern along a line, a second candidate detector for detecting a second candidate of an edge point based on differential value of pixels adjoining each other, and an edge point determination unit for determining the second candidate as an edge point when the second candidate is positioned more inside of the document region than the first candidate, and otherwise determines the first candidate as an edge point.

Abstract: Provided are an image processing apparatus, an image processing method, a computer-readable medium storing a computer program and an image processing system improving precision of the calculation of boundary based on candidate pixels constituting the boundary of a side of the document region. The image processing apparatus includes a candidate pixel detector for detecting candidate pixels constituting boundary of sides of the document region, a classifier for classifying coordinates of the candidate pixels respectively detected in plural portions of the boundary into a plurality of groups, an approximate line calculator for calculating a plurality of approximate lines for the boundary based on the coordinates belonging to each of the plurality of groups, and a provisional line determination unit for determining a provisional line for the boundary of the side based on the approximate line having the largest number of candidate pixels within a prescribed distance from the approximate line.

Abstract: A limiting member (91) includes a main body (911) and a convexity (912) formed at the upper face of the main body (911). The convexity (912) protrudes like a key toward the front-face side of a case (1). The case (1) has a hole (92) storing the limiting member (91), the hole (92) having an inclined face (921) that is inclined obliquely upward from the rear-face side to the front-face side of the case (1). The hole (92) has a depth larger than the height of the limiting member (91) on the rear-face side, and has substantially the same depth as the front-face side height of the main body (911) on the front-face side. A document cover (4) has a hole (93) including a U-shaped concavity (931) that is open on the rear-face side of the case (1), formed on the front-face side of the case (1). When the limiting member (91) is located on the front-face side of the case (1), the convexity (912) engages with the U-shaped concavity (931).

Abstract: A method for imaging using a flatbed imaging system includes providing first imaging data to a first imaging source; providing second imaging data to a second imaging source; imaging a first beam from the first imaging source at a first height on a rotating multi-facet spinner; imaging a second beam from the second imaging source at a second height on the rotating multi-facet spinner; distributing the first beam on a first location on a printing plate; and distributing the second beam on a second location on a the printing plate.

Abstract: A light-source driving device includes a driving unit configured to drive a light source unit that emits light onto an object; and a driving control unit configured to control the driving unit to drive the light source unit in a first driving mode and a second driving mode. A light emission time of the light source unit is controlled in the first driving mode. An instantaneous value of a quantity of light of the light source unit being controlled in the second driving mode.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an automatic document feeder includes a supply tray, a transport path, a plurality of flappers, a plurality of discharge trays, and an erasing unit. The plurality of flappers divides a sheet which is transported from the supply tray toward the plurality of transport destinations. The plurality of discharge trays receives the sheet which is divided and transported in the transport path. The erasing unit is provided between the supply tray and the predetermined reading position in the transport path, and erases color of an image which is formed on a transported sheet using a decolorable colorant.

Abstract: A device, system and method for incorporating a multipage feeder into a keyboard scanner to allow continuous and sequential feeding of more than one page into a scanner housed in a computer keyboard. A multipage feeder may be for example integrated into or attachable to and detachable from a single page feeder also included in the keyboard housing.

Abstract: Acquiring image data for each color component by guiding the reflected light from a read position on a contact glass, to a line sensor for each color component, detecting a provisional foreign matter region in one image data, determining a first condition on the basis of the number of pixels constituting the provisional foreign matter region, determining a second condition on the basis of the average value of the density values of all of the pixels within the provisional foreign matter region when the first condition is satisfied, and determining whether or not foreign matter is present at a read position corresponding to the one color component when the second condition is satisfied on the basis of the density value of the pixel corresponding to the provisional foreign matter region in one other image data and the fourth reference value that has been set in advance.

Abstract: An apparatus for the recording and multiplexing of pulsed reflection holograms made possible with the invention of the Hollow Core Photonic Crystal Fiber is disclosed herein. This holographic imaging apparatus uses the Hollow Core Photonic Crystal Fiber as a waveguide in which the highly coherent property of the lightwave required for recording interference fringes can propagate through this waveguide without this coherency of the lightwave diminishing. This apparatus enables the multiplexing of several reflection holograms in a single recording medium using the reference beam with several object beams in sequenced intervals of time and space; several multiplexed recordings are made within a brief interval in time with the object beam-emanating from incremental points in space; around a 120 degree tangential arc in space to achieve parallax around this 120 degree tangential arc. This disclosure makes possible apparatus which is transportable and shoulder mountable for pulsed reflection holography.

Abstract: An optical LOS toggle uses two refractive optical elements located in the afocal space of an optical sensor. Optical surfaces of the two elements are shaped appropriately to work in combination with lateral displacements of the two elements such that the LOS angle is shifted. For a prescribed, discrete LOS shift, the optical image quality of the toggle module is corrected by a combination of aspheric shapes and diffractive surfaces on the optical surfaces of the two elements. To maintain performance along any radial direction and simplify fabrication, these aspheric or spheric shapes and diffractive surfaces should be rotationally symmetrical. Image quality is further improved through proper selection of the optical materials used to construct the optical elements.

Abstract: A method of assembling a light source comprises the steps of inserting multiple lead wires of a light emitting element into an insertion hole formed in a circuit board from one side of the circuit board at once, striking tips of the multiple lead wires with corresponding multiple guides formed on a circumference of a pressing device serving as a jig from the other side of the circuit board, moving the pressing device toward the one side from the other side of the circuit board, and in a first stage guiding the multiple lead wires to corresponding terminals formed in an inner wall of the insertion hole of the circuit board, respectively.

Abstract: A magnetic force drive device (7) has the first movable part (100) and the first driving unit (200). The first movable part (100) has the first movable plate (111), and a permanent magnet (120) that is magnetized in a direction substantially parallel to the first movable plate (111), and is supported by the first frame body (112) and the first pair of beam parts (113), so as to be able to oscillate around the Y axis, which is substantially parallel to the first movable plate (111) and substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the permanent magnet (120) is magnetized. The first driving unit (200) has a yoke (210), and a coil (220) that magnetizes the yoke (210). The yoke (210) has the first end part (211a), and a second end part (212a) that is placed on substantially the opposite side of the first end part (211a) against one magnetic pole of the permanent magnet (120).

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention provides a mirror driving apparatus, including: a mirror section having a reflecting surface which reflects light; a pair of piezoelectric actuator sections arranged on either side of the mirror section; coupling sections which respectively connect one end of each of the piezoelectric actuator sections to an end portion of the mirror section which is distant from an axis of rotation of the mirror section in a direction along the reflecting surface and perpendicular to the axis of rotation; a fixing section which supports another end of each of the piezoelectric actuator sections; and a perpendicular movement suppressing structure which suppresses translational motion of the axis of rotation of the mirror section in a direction perpendicular to the reflecting surface, one end of the perpendicular movement suppressing structure being connected to the fixing section and another end thereof being connected to the mirror section.

Abstract: A disclosed scanner apparatus includes a member having spaced apart proximal and distal portions. An electromagnetic radiation device is configured to direct electromagnetic radiation therefrom and is moveably coupled to the distal portion of the member. The electromagnetic radiation device is configured to move in a first plane of movement to a first position to direct the electromagnetic radiation along a first path and configured to move in the plane of movement to a second position to direct the electromagnetic radiation along a second path. A MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) actuator is coupled to the electromagnetic radiation device, wherein the MEMS actuator is configured to move in a first direction to move the electromagnetic radiation device to the first position and configured to move in a second direction to move the electromagnetic radiation device to the second position. Other scanning and robotic structure devices are disclosed.

Abstract: A variable transmission window includes a first substrate having a first transparent conductor coated surface and a second substrate having a second transparent conductor coated surface. The second substrate is positioned relative to the first substrate with the first and second transparent conductor coated surfaces facing each other. An electrochromic medium is disposed between the first and second substrates whereby the transmission of light through the electrochromic medium is changed when an electrical potential is applied thereto. The electrochromic medium includes a cross-linked film. The window may be one of (i) an aeronautical glazing and (ii) a vehicle glazing, and/or the window may be a large area glazing of an area of at least 99 square inches.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light is disclosed. The method may comprise non-thermally ablating a target material utilizing a first laser beam. The first laser beam may be configured for ejecting a portion of the target material in a non-thermal manner to create a plume. The method may further comprise irradiating the plume utilizing a second laser beam to produce a high-temperature plasma for EUV radiation.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a new type of phase screen, i.e., an opto-electronic device that can convert a distorted incoming optical wavefront into a plane wave or, conversely, transform a plane wave into a prescribed varying output wavefront. The basic concept involves novel binary all-digital MEMS interferometer configurations that can be used to create controlled and arbitrary optical wavefront using only 0,1 amplitude changes followed by differential propagation distances to convert these amplitude variations into controllable and/or continuous phase variations. Clustered pixel notions, such as Floyd-Steinberg, Stucki or other algorithms useful in digital half-tone printing, are simultaneously employed to create controllable grey-level variations as well as continuous phase variations. Desired grey-levels can be obtained wherein each pixel is formed by, e.g., a 3×3 or 5×5 cluster of mirrors.

Abstract: A tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction (TAG) lens and system are provided that permit, in one aspect, dynamic selection of the lens output, including dynamic focusing and imaging. The system may include a TAG lens and at least one of a source and a detector of electromagnetic radiation. A controller may be provided in electrical communication with the lens and at least one of the source and detector and may be configured to provide a driving signal to control the index of refraction and to provide a synchronizing signal to time at least one of the source and the detector relative to the driving signal. Thus, the controller is able to specify that the source irradiates the lens (or detector detects the lens output) when a desired refractive index distribution is present within the lens, e.g. when a desired lens output is present.

Abstract: An optical A/D converter according to the present invention includes an optical splitter that splits an analog input signal light into plurals, a plurality of Mach-Zehnder interferometers to which each of the signal lights split by the optical splitter is input, and plurality of optical/electrical conversion unit that convert each signal lights output from each Mach-Zehnder interferometer into a digital electrical signal, in which each Mach-Zehnder interferometer includes optical intensity-to-phase conversion unit that optically convert intensity of the input signal light into an amount of phase shift and the amount of phase shift differs for each Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Then, it is possible to provide a high speed and low power consuming optical demodulation circuit.

Abstract: Prior art techniques for converting the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation by non-linear interactions such as sum frequency generation SFG produces blurred images when applied to polychromatic images. The invention provides an improved arrangement (15) for up-converting incoming electromagnetic radiation with dissimilar first wavelengths (?,) distributed in a first wavelength interval (??,) into up-converted electromagnetic radiation comprising corresponding dissimilar up-converted wavelengths (?3), smaller than the first wavelengths (?1). The arrangement applies a nonlinear crystal (5) and a laser (16) for providing a laser beam (10) of second wavelength, different from the first wavelengths (?1) inside the nonlinear crystal, and a Fresnel zone plate (17) for focusing or converging the incoming radiation inside the nonlinear crystal in spatial overlap with the laser beam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) includes a master oscillator (MO) that generates a beam; a birefringent element that receives and transmits the beam, wherein the beam is transmitted with a transmission delay between two orthogonal axes; a polarization controller that receives the beam and transmits the beam with a desired polarization; a fiber amplifier that receives the beam, amplifies the beam, and transmits a beam; a compensating birefringent element that receives the beam, approximately removes the transmission delay between the two axes of the beam, and transmits an output beam; and a polarization detector that detects the output beam's polarization and provides feedback to the polarization controller to ensure that the polarization of the output beam is approximately equal to a desired output polarization, so as to reduce SBS.

Abstract: An optical amplifier includes a pump light source that outputs pump light, and a multicore fiber that includes at least one pumping core, the pump light being input to the at least one pumping core by coupler, at least two signal light cores doped with an active substance for optical amplification, at least one signal light being input to at least one of the signal light cores, and a cladding, wherein the pump light propagating the at least one pumping core and exciting the active substance in the signal light cores, so as to amplify the at least one signal light propagating through the at least one of the signal light cores.

Abstract: An infrared transparent cover for an infrared signal port of an electronic device includes a base layer having infrared transparency, an infrared transparent and visible light reflective dielectric multilayer film laminated on the base layer to reflect light having a desired color, and a frosted surface formed on the base layer at a location corresponding to the dielectric multilayer film.

Abstract: An apparatus adapted to a microscope includes a body, a revolvable structure, a stage and a driving device. The body has a slot for holding a liquid to form a horizontally level surface of the liquid. The revolvable structure partially accommodated within the slot and pivotally connected to the body is revolvable relative to the body about a horizontal axis and is for supporting a sample, which is immersed in the liquid. The revolvable structure penetrates through the body in a horizontal direction substantially parallel to the horizontal axis and is pivotally engaged to the body through a sealing ring, which makes the liquid be held in the slot and stops the liquid from leaking in the horizontal direction. The stage supports the body. The driving device is disposed on the stage and connected to the revolvable structure to revolve the revolvable structure.