Abstract: A drop-in oil filter having top and bottom caps having annular recesses on facingly disposed surfaces adjacent their outer periphery, a pleated, woven metal cylindrical filter element having an outer and an inner diameter, a first cylindrical wire cage over the outer diameter of the filter element, a second cylindrical wire cage within the inner diameter of the filter element, ends of the filter element and the first and second cylindrical wire cages being fastened into the annular recesses in the top and bottom caps, the bottom cap having a first opening there through concentric with and within inner diameters of the filter element and the first and second cylindrical wire cages, and a first elastic grommet within the first opening having a central opening for sealing on a tube within a drop-in filter housing.

Abstract: A monolithic carbon composite filter for use in water filter bottles of the type having a bottle cap and a valved vented top. The filter is formed with exposed surfaces including side walls and a base. The filter employs both radial flow through the side walls of the filter and axial flow through the filter base. All available exposed surfaces thus maximize the available surface area for filtering water. As a result a larger diameter filter suited to the addition of a second media as well as an inner tube providing for separate axial flow may be utilized. A dual aspect or universal flow filter adapted to be attached to a filter housing top is capable of being cooperatively attached to the bottle cap and bottle with a valved vented top. The bottle is normally inverted for drinking.

Abstract: A cyclone apparatus for separating a mixture containing at least one fluid and a further constituent based on the densities of the mixture constituents. The apparatus includes a first hollow pressure vessel having an overflow plate positioned at an overflow end of the first hollow pressure vessel and an end plate for sealing the overflow plate. The cyclone apparatus also comprises an underflow plate positioned at an under-flow end of the first hollow pressure vessel and a hollow pressure vessel with one end being sealed against the under-flow plate and another end being closed. The overflow plate and the end plate are shaped such that when they are brought together they form separate adjacent overflow compartments between them. The underflow plate and the second hollow pressure vessel are shaped such that when they are brought together they form separate adjacent under-flow compartments between them which correspond to the overflow compartments.

Abstract: The drapery display hanger comprises a plurality of drapery arms and a support surface. The support surface can be easily and reversibly mounted to a pre-existing display fixture without the need for special hardware. The support surface can include brackets having opposing surfaces angled from vertical for ease of installation and protrusions for securing the support surfaces in place once installed. Additionally, the drapery arms can be reversibly attached to the support surface using attachment devices at the end of each arm. The attachment devices may include segments that are inserted into the holes in the support and then secured against the walls of the support for bearing the weight of drapery on the drapery arms. Sliding and pivoting functionality is also provided. The drapery arms are sized so that full-sized draperies can be displayed facing the customer and without compressing the drapery in the display.

Abstract: A pusher is provided. The pusher hook has a track and a pusher that is slidable thereon. The pusher biases retail merchandise situated on a merchandise hook forward towards a front stop. The pusher hook further includes a security frame that reduces or restricts entirely the ability to remove the merchandise laterally from the hook.

Abstract: A user configurable container storage system using movable container-nest modules securely anchored to a backing allowing removal and insertion of the containers with one hand.

Abstract: A storage unit for wigs. The unit is attached to a door and hangs from the top of the door. The unit has head-shaped pedestals on which wigs are mounted as well as a ventilated accessory storage container and accessory supporting hooks which are pendently supported from the accessory storage container.

Abstract: A system includes a panel, a holder removably connected to the panel. The holder includes at least one connecting portion. A removable slide hanger has a first portion rotatably connected to the panel and slidably connected to a frame. Content placed in the holder is viewable.

Abstract: A closure includes a body adapted to mount on a container having a discharge outlet and a cap configured to move relative to the body from a closed position covering the discharge outlet to an opened position uncovering the discharge outlet. The closure also includes frangible links coupled to the body and cap that break in response to first-time movement of the cap from the closed position to the opened position to alert an observer that the cap has been opened once before.

Abstract: The closure assembly (1) comprises: a pourer unit (2) having a lower portion (3) for fixing to the mouth of the container and an upper pouring portion (4), a removable cap (6) provided with a resiliently deformable peripheral lip portion (7), and an outer covering (8, 9) including: an upper sleeve element (8) and a lower sleeve element (9. The arrangement is such that, after the first opening of the closure assembly (1), the lip portion (7) is arranged in the opened-out condition in which it extends radially outside of the lower sleeve element (9) but permits subsequent re-fitting of the cap (6) on the pourer unit (2) as far as the closure position in which the lower sleeve element (9) and the upper sleeve element (8) once more extend the predetermined distance (d) apart.

Abstract: A plastic container is disclosed comprising a base portion for supporting the container on a surface, an upper portion, and a body portion. The upper portion includes a neck and a dispensing opening. The body portion extends between the base portion and the neck, the body portion including a shoulder portion below the neck and a sidewall portion between the shoulder portion and the base portion. The body portion includes at least one elongated vertical formation that substantially extends along the sidewall portion from the base portion toward the shoulder portion, the elongated vertical portion being continuous along at least 0.60 the total height of the container.

Abstract: Foldable container including a base having a first base portion and an opposing second base portion. The base has a base surface free of hinge lines between the first base portion and the second base portion. A sidewall surrounds at least a portion of the base and extends generally upward from the base with a non-uniform height to define a compartment. A rim having a first rim portion and an opposing second rim portion is disposed proximate the top edge of the sidewall. At least one transition region is formed in the sidewall to allow the first base portion to pivot between an open position and a closed position. When in the open position, the container defines a plate. When in the closed position, the first base portion defines at least a portion of a cover relative to the second base portion. A packaged product is also provided, including a foldable container and a cover member removably attached to the rim of the foldable container in the open position to contain a product therein.

Abstract: A two-part container for preserving material samples during storage and transport is separable and can be sealed with the presence of an elastomeric O-ring and internal threads on each part of the container. In the configuration at which the threads first engage between the two halves of the container, there is a small hole in the outer top part just above the O-ring of the bottom mating part. When the two container parts are mated and the sealing O-ring is below the small hole, inert gas can be made to flow through an inlet valve, into the container, and out through the small hole. In this configuration, the inert gas flows through the container and purges the atmospheric gas, replacing it with inert gas. After a period of time, the two container parts are rotated so that the sealing O-ring moves above the small hole. This will stop the flow into and out of the container. After this, the gas inlet valve is closed to seal the inert gas in the container.

Abstract: An apparatus including a flange topped by a fitting including a trap adapted to seize and drive a lid of a barrel for opening the same and two inflatable gaskets equipping the flange and the trap that are inflated for clamping the container and the lid of the barrel at the connection thereof. Contamination inside the barrel and inside the upper enclosure will only spread over small surfaces of the apparatus between the gaskets and to the connection of both parts of the barrel.

Abstract: A container has a base plate, front, rear and side walls. A chamber is defined between the walls. A lid is pivotably coupled to the rear wall. A pivot bar is attached to the lid. A long extent is attached to the lid and a short extent. An actuator housing with a trolley is movable between top and bottom positions. A spring urges the trolley to the top position. A pedal coupled to the trolley is adapted to be depressed by a user to move the trolley to the bottom position. A connector has an interior end attached to the trolley. The connector has an exterior end attached to the short extent of the pivot bar. In this manner the depression the pedal will move the connector to raise the lid. Also in this manner the release of the pedal will cause the spring to lower the lid.

Abstract: A cap seal and a doubly-sealing apparatus of a container such as a drum using the same, which execute a reliable sealing function of a cap part of the container such as the drum. Double sealing of the cap part of the container such as the drum due to the cap seal is fully performed despite various errors such as the difference in the curling external diameter of the cap part of the container.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure vessel for a machine, especially a turbomachine, which comprises at least 3 casing shell sections, wherein the intersection region of the parting joints is sealed off by a plug which in its interior has a system of holes and passages through which a sealing compound is pressed into the region between plug and casing shell sections, so that after its setting, an elastic, leakproof and non-destructively disassemblable sealing of the intersection region of the parting joints is created. The plug can be fastened on the casing shell sections by means of an integrated flange.

Abstract: A round beverage container with a chill sleeve is provided having a molded plastic wall in the shape of a cup, a mug, or a pitcher. A sleeve containing a chill medium is in the shape of a truncated conical cylinder, and is positioned in the container to be lodged therein at a selected mounting location and secured by snap-action sealing and retaining rings. A bottom disk, also containing the chill medium, snaps into the container's bottom edge to form the bottom of the container. This bottom disk is sealed to the inside wall of the container by snap-action sealing and retaining rings. Sonic welding can be employed as an alternative to sealing and securing rings. A quantity of water-based chill medium is metered into the hollow cavities when the sleeve and the bottom disk are charged, taking into consideration the expansion of the chill medium (water) upon a change of phase.

Abstract: A container, such as a beverage or food can is provided, which includes a first sidewall, a second sidewall and a bottom portion extending between the first and second sidewalls. The material of the bottom portion is stretched relative to the first sidewall and the second sidewall to form a thinned preselected profile, such as a dome. The material of the container at or about the dome has a substantially uniform thickness. The container is formed from a blank of material, which has a base gauge prior to being formed. After being formed, the material of the container at or about the dome has a thickness less than the base gauge. Tooling and a method for selectively forming a blank of material into a container, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A container having a curved bottom and base cup which allows the container to stand upright. The container and base cup are fitted together by a mechanical engagement having portions on the container and base cup. The mechanical engagement of the container is disposed within the bottom cone of the container. The mechanical engagement of the base cup is cantilevered from the bottom of the base cup. Such disposition reduces stress at the interface between the side wall of the container and edge of the base, providing for a smoother transition and better appearance. Also, this disposition provides resistance to separation of the container and base cup during drop impact. The bottom of the container may be curved and have a well therein for receiving the contents of the container and a dip tube.

Abstract: A protective cover mechanism includes a housing, a protective cover and a latching piece. The housing includes an opening defined therethrough. The latching piece is assembled to the housing adjacent to the opening and comprises two holding arms. One holding arm defines a first locating portion and a second locating portion. A protective cover comprises a hinged post formed thereon, the protective cover is rotatably assembled to the housing by means of the latching piece with the hinged post held between the two holding arms. The protective cover is configured for selectively covering or exposing the opening of the housing as the hinged post is rotated from the first locating portion to the second locating portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dispenser or similar discharging container, particularly for lump form food (5), having a housing (1), the bottom side (2) of which determines an installation plane, and having a gate (6) disposed in the housing (1) in a movable fashion that, when activated, is moved with a circumferential region (17) past an edge (8) of the housing (1), characterized in that said dispenser comprises an appendage (9) connected to the gate (6) via at lest one target breaking section (10); upon the activation of said gate, said appendage impacts the edge (8). The dispenser further comprises at least two feet (11) extending downward through the installation plane.

Abstract: A dispensing valve is provided for dispensing liquid from a cartridge. The valve includes a valve body that is adapted to receive at least a portion of the cartridge therein. A valve member is disposed in the valve body and is adapted for fluid communication with the cartridge. A valve seat element is disposed in the valve body and includes a liquid chamber that is in communication with the liquid outlet and is mounted for reciprocating movement between a closed position engaged with the valve member to prevent liquid from exiting the liquid outlet and an open position disengaged from the valve member to allow liquid to flow from the liquid chamber through the liquid outlet. The valve body may include a longitudinal axis and a receive bore extending along the longitudinal axis, with the liquid outlet being substantially co-axial with the receiving bore.

Abstract: A viscous liquid material discharging method and apparatus can minimize the problem of wear of a sealing member due to friction, and minimize a rotational force required at the time of starting discharge of a highly-viscous liquid material. The apparatus includes a screw having a helical blade which is axially provided over a surface of a rod-like member, a rotation driving mechanism for rotating the screw, a main body having a screw insertion bore in which the screw is inserted, a liquid material supply port formed in a lateral side of the screw insertion bore, and a liquid material supply flow passage communicating with the liquid material supply port, a sealing member which is disposed in the screw insertion bore and through which the screw penetrates, and a nozzle mounted to the main body and communicating with the screw insertion bore.

Abstract: A multi-chambered container for selectively storing and dispensing a plurality of items may include predetermined quantities of first and second items and a container having a divided cavity formed therein. The container may further have a spout formed at a top end thereof and in fluid communication with the cavity. Additionally, the container may have first and second mutually exclusive passageways extending from the cavity and terminating at the spout. A mechanism may be included for selectively dispensing one of the first and second items from the spout. Such a mechanism may channel one item along a corresponding passageway while prohibiting another item from being dispensed. The mechanism may be operated by rotating a cam and semicircular disc to position an opening on a simultaneously rotated wheel over the desired passageway. The mechanism may rotate the opening 180 degrees for every 360 degree rotation of the cam.

Abstract: A closure for a liquid container is provided between the container and a liquid dispenser head. The closure includes an intermediate body between the dispenser head and the container. The dispenser head can be rotated with respect to the container, without unscrewing the closure, except when the intermediate body is manually prevented from rotating.

Abstract: A dispenser for dispensing liquid to pasty substances has a dispensing head with a dispensing mouth, a supply chamber and a dispenser head part. The dispensing head can be displaced relative to the dispenser head part out of a dispensing-standby position into a lowered position and vice versa. It is possible for the dispensing head, as a result of being supported on a fixed dispenser part, to be extended or retracted relative to the fixed dispenser part when rotated by the dispenser head part. The dispenser head covers over a dispensing tube that communicates with the pumping chamber. In order to achieve a favorable configuration of the substance path during the extension and retraction of the dispensing head. The dispensing head, in the extended position, interacts in an aligned manner with the dispensing opening and, in the retracted position, interacts with a closed region of the dispensing tube.

Abstract: A powder dispensing apparatus for storing and dispensing a measured predetermined amount of powder substance having a bottom housing chamber, a middle chamber, a removable, rotatable measuring device, a tapered top chamber, and a cap. The top end of the bottom housing chamber is engageable with the bottom end of the middle chamber, the top end of the middle chamber is engageable with the bottom end of the tapered top chamber, and the top end of the tapered top chamber is engageable with the cap or a liquid receptacle. The measuring device is slidably engageable with the internal chamber of the middle chamber and has an open cavity for measuring and dispensing a powder substance. The open cavity receives a measured predetermined amount of powder substance from the bottom housing chamber and upon rotation of the measuring device; the powder substance is dispensed from the open cavity through the tapered top chamber to a liquid receptacle.

Abstract: A manual pump action dispenser for dispensing at least one liquid from a container, the dispenser comprising a base and a cap (114) having an outlet (144) for the liquid, the base being mountable to or forming part of a container and the cap (114) being mountable to the base for movement relative to the base between a rest position and an actuated position, the dispenser further comprising a flexible insert (116) locatable between the base and the cap (114) to define a first pump chamber (122) for dispensing said at least one liquid, the insert being adapted to engage with the base to define an inlet through which said at least one liquid to be dispensed can enter the first pump chamber, the dispenser further comprising an inlet valve operable to enable liquid to enter the first pump chamber (122) through the inlet and an outlet valve arrangement operable to control the release of liquid from the first pump chamber through the outlet, in which the insert also defines a second pump chamber (123) for dispensing

Abstract: A spray head assembly includes a head, a main tube, a link, a piston, a reception member, a mount piece and a spring. The parts made of metal such as the spring is isolated from the liquid to ensure that the liquid is not affected by the metal. The main tube can be stopped by the extension portion of the mount piece so as to adjust the length of the mount piece to control the travel distance of the main tube so as to control the volume of each spray.

Abstract: A non-dripping suck-back nozzle has a shell comprising a press cover (1), a revolving cover (2) and a cylinder (7). A needle valve (6) comprises a round rod (61) and a convex ring (62). The upper part of the round rod (61) of the needle valve (6) passes through an inner round pole (51) of a piston (5) and extends into a hollow channel (41) of a connecting bar (4). The round rod (61) and the connecting bar (4) are locked by each other. A channel is formed between the round rod (61) and the connecting bar (4). A space is formed between the round rod (61) and the inner round pole (51) of the piston (5).

Abstract: An automatic ground-coffee dispenser with a ground-coffee storage vessel designed to be mounted on an automatic coffee maker. The storage vessel includes rotary serving paddles for transferring a predetermined quantity of ground coffee through an outflow opening formed in the bottom of the storage vessel and a cone-shaped driver with rotary paddles located above the outflow opening turned by a motor about a vertical axis of the storage vessel. The internal wall of the storage vessel includes at least one longitudinal rib projecting into the storage vessel.

Abstract: A bridge breaker includes a casing and an inner ring. Balls are provided between the casing and the inner ring for rotatably supporting the inner ring, without independent ball bearings, so as to make for easy and cost-effective machining. Seal rings having a square shape section are laid on same horizontal level surfaces of the casing and the inner ring, and are depressed by air pressure for preventing powder from entering into the device and to avoid frequent exchange of packing. A blade having a shaft is fixed to the inner ring through a hole of the inner ring, to prevent problems caused by looseness or releasing of connecting bolts.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment providing one or more improvements includes wig or hair piece boxes for both the efficient storage and display of wigs or hair pieces before sell, as well as providing simple, efficient and effective storage facilities for wigs or hair pieces for use of the consumer. The wig or hair piece boxes include a form which holds the wig or hair piece and preserves the curl, style, and one directional curl of the hair tip end on the wig or hair piece. This avoids the common problem of loss of original curl and style of the wig or hair piece which plagues conventional wig and hair piece boxes.

Abstract: An accessory holder system for securing a Personal Electronic Device (PED) for use in a golf cart whereby a golfer can easily view golf course GPS information on a display. The system includes a mount for insertion into a golf ball holder disposed in a golf cart; and an accessory holder for attachment and adjustment of the viewing angle of a PED in a variety of golf cart configurations. The accessory holder is typically composed of a mount with an attached rod for displacing an accessory away from interference with the golf cart dash board; a ball joint with a tensioning cap attached to the rod for adjusting the viewing position of an accessory; with a platform for mounting an accessory attached to the other end of the rod. The mount includes surface features which provide rotational stability for an accessory holder without relying on a friction-fit.

Abstract: A mount for motorcycles and other vehicles is provided that resists relative rotational movement at the connection between the mount and the vehicle, and at the connection between the mount and a plate that supports a portable device such as a GPS, toll transponder, radar collector and the like, while permitting disengagement at such connections in response to the application of a force to the mount.

Abstract: Carrier racks are coupled to a vehicle such that a user can access a pack (e.g., to open and close the pack) carried by the carrier racks. When the vehicle is stationary, items may be loaded and unloaded from the pack while the pack remains securely held by the carrier rack. An all terrain vehicle can include a vehicle frame carrying an engine and a carrier rack fixedly coupled to the vehicle frame. The carrier rack has a longitudinal axis that is substantially parallel to a center plane of the all terrain vehicle. The carrier rack extends upwardly from a rearward end of the vehicle. A longitudinally-extending straddle-type seat is between a handlebar assembly of the all terrain vehicle and the carrier rack such a pack on the carrier rack is positioned directly rearward of a rider.

Abstract: The invention is based on the object of improving the detachment of portions of a glass rod to the extent that a very planar, uniform fracture surface is produced. For this purpose, an apparatus according to the invention for detaching portions of glass rods comprises a device for the parallel holding and lateral fixing of a number of glass rods, a scoring wheel holder with a scoring wheel rotatably mounted parallel to the axis of the glass rods, at least one pressing spring for pressing the scoring wheel and the glass rods against one another, a device for guiding the glass rods and the scoring wheel past one another in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the glass rods, a holddown means for pressing against the glass rods, a breaking bar and a breaking beam, the breaking bar being arranged opposite, between the holddown means and the breaking beam.

Abstract: A fastening machine 1 is provided, which prevents the tip member 131 from wear and improve its durability as well as align a material into which a fastener is to be driven. The fastening machine 1 is provided with a housing 2, a handle 2A extended from the housing 2, a nose 3 extended from the housing 2 and comprising an ejecting mouth 6 to fire a fastener 25 and a tip member 131 arranged at the tip of nose 3 in the direction of ejecting the fastener 25. The tip member 131 is characterized by comprising a super-hard material member 19 in the side facing a material into which a fastener is to be driven and in the side opposite to the direction of extending the handle 2A.

Abstract: A nailer device includes a housing having a nozzle portion formed in an upper end thereof. A motor and a rotary-linear motion transmission mechanism are arranged in the housing and the rotary-linear transmission mechanism functions to couple an output shaft of the motor to a striking rod disposed in the nozzle portion to thereby move the striking rod in a reciprocating manner. A bias device exerts a force on the striking rod towards the outside of the housing along a longitudinal direction of the striking rod.

Abstract: A surgical fastener applier having a handle and a fastener housing extending from the handle. The housing contains at least one anvil movable within the staple housing, the anvil has a proximal position and a distal position. When in the distal position a distal end of the anvil extends distal to the distal end of the staple housing. The housing contains a plurality of surgical fasteners each of which in the shape of a loop. At least one of the fasteners is placed around a portion of the anvil when in the distal position. The applier has a first mechanism for moving the anvil distally after a fastener has been deployed, and a second mechanism for moving the anvil distally after a fastener has been deployed. The second means is independent of the first means.

Abstract: An exemplary surgical endocutter may include a staple holder; at least one feeder belt having two lateral edges, at least part of at least one feeder belt extending into the staple holder; and staples, wherein each said staple may include a first end frangibly affixed to a corresponding feeder belt, wherein each first end is affixed to the feeder belt at a location laterally spaced from the longitudinal centerline of the feeder belt, and a second free end; and wherein the staples form at least one row, each row including at least two said staples; wherein staples in least one row are staggered relative to said staples in at least one other row.

Abstract: An exemplary surgical apparatus for treating tissue may include an anvil; a jaw pivotally connected to the anvil; and a first cartridge detachably connected to the anvil, holding staples of a first size; where a first clamp gap between the anvil and first cartridge is set by the connection between the first cartridge and jaw. An exemplary cartridge for a surgical stapler may include a cartridge housing; a plurality of staples held within the cartridge housing; and a sled slidable within, and retained by, the cartridge housing, including a central platform, at least one wedge connected to the central platform, and a knife rotatable relative to the central platform.

Abstract: An ultrasonic welding system for securing a first work piece to a second work piece includes a welding assembly and a loading assembly disposed adjacent to the welding assembly. The welding assembly includes an ultrasonic controller, an ultrasonic transducer, and a welding tip. The ultrasonic transducer is configured to impart an ultrasonic vibration to the welding tip in response to an electrical signal received from the ultrasonic controller. The loading assembly is configured to generate a pressure load between the welding tip and the first work piece, and includes a first actuator and a second actuator. The first actuator is configured to apply a substantially constant load to the welding assembly, and the second actuator is configured to apply a dynamically variable load to the welding assembly.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of fabricating and installing a riser tower structure, preferably in a welding chamber, and a welding chamber suitable for the method. The method includes fabricating sections of the riser tower structure at a site remote from the site of installation; transporting the sections of the riser tower structure to within the vicinity of the installation site; and assembling together the sections of the riser tower structure in the vicinity of the installation site. The welding chamber includes a plurality of guide means, each providing a guide for one of the elongate elements of the riser tower structure, and floats on the sea surface when in use.

Abstract: A device and a method for making a semiconductor device including bonding a first bonding partner to a second bonding partner. The device comprises a lower tool and an upper tool, the upper tool including a plunger having a bottom side facing the lower tool at which bottom side a vacuum is creatable, so that the first bonding partner can be picked up by vacuum from the upper tool and positioned on the second bonding partner.

Abstract: A method for joining a tube and tube plate for use in a tube-and-shell heat exchanger is disclosed. The method enables a joint between the tube and tube plate that is substantially hermetic and substantially corrosion-resistant. The method comprises providing an anvil inside the tube, wherein the anvil supports the tube wall during a friction-stir welding process used to join the tube and tube plate. The anvil facilitates formation of a reliable weld region and enables faster friction-stir welding.

Abstract: To permanently apply lead terminals to corresponding electrodes of electronic or electro-optic components, a. providing a frame including a tensioned wire, b. providing a holding jig including at least one seat in which the components can be removably and temporarily retained, c. applying the components to the seats with the respective electrodes aligned along a respective longitudinal direction, d. applying the holding jig to the frame and orienting the same so that the longitudinal direction corresponds to the direction of the tensioned wire, the tensioned wire being thereby brought substantially in contact with (all) the electrode(s) aligned to each other on a corresponding row of components, e. electrically and mechanically bonding the tensioned wire to the corresponding electrodes, and f. cutting the wire to separate the components from each other thereby forming a respective lead terminal for each electrode.

Abstract: A method for bonding two partially form-fitting surfaces of two metal bodies which contain the same metal is carried out by generating a first layer on the surface of a first one of the two bodies, the first layer containing a mixture of the metal and the oxide of the metal; generating a second layer on the first layer, the second layer containing the metal but less oxide of the metal than does the first layer; placing the partially form-fitting surfaces of the two metal bodies adjacent to each other; heating the bodies placed adjacent to each other to a temperature which lies in a target range below the melting point of the metal and above the eutectic temperature of the eutectic of the metal and the metal oxide; and holding the temperature within the target range over a predetermined or a controllable duration of time.

Abstract: A blank, carton, or package including a handle formed in a top panel is described. Deformation lines can be included on the blank or carton to allow the handle to flex, thereby increasing handle strength. The blank can include corner-forming panels attached to end flaps that can be used to form corners in the formed carton or package. The corners provide reinforcement strength to allow stacking of the cartons or packages, such as on pallets or during shipment. Openings can be provided in select areas of the blank, carton, or package to allow ventilation to and from the interior of the carton or package. Connecting panels in the top panel can be removed to dispense articles from the carton or package.