Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an optoelectronic component having an electrode (2), a counter electrode (6) and at least one organic light-sensitive layer (4) between the electrode and counter electrode. The organic light-sensitive layer (4) contains at least one compound of the general formula EWG (electron withdrawing group)-D (donor block)-EWG with at least one substituent on the extended donor block D.

Abstract: Provided is an indole compound represented by the following general formula (1): wherein in formula (1), R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; R3 to R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, an alkoxy group or a hydroxy group; X represents an organic group having an acidic group; and Z represents a linking group including at least one selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring, a vinylene group and an ethynylene group.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, increasing the power output of the cell using one or more intrinsic oxide buffer layers to reduce extraneous optical absorption. The intrinsic oxide buffer layers can be, for example: (i) an undoped oxide film that is prepared without intentional doping, (ii) a compensated oxide layer that is prepared using compensating dopants to reduce the conductivity of the oxide film, which can be either undoped or doped, and/or (iii) a passivated oxide layer that is prepared using hydrogen or other atoms to improve the electronic properties of low conductivity oxide films.

Abstract: A duct may be disclosed. The duct may comprise a wall and a cover. The wall may define a passage, an inlet in fluid communication with the passage, an outlet in fluid communication with the passage, and an opening in fluid communication with the passage. The cover may be arranged to selectively block the opening.

Abstract: The present subject matter is generally directed to fuel systems for a gas turbine and related methods for monitoring fluid separation in the fuel systems. More particularly, the systems and methods include measuring pressure differentials and comparing the measurements to a predetermined value.

Abstract: There is provided a substrate processing apparatus to perform a predetermined process on a substrate on which a pattern mask is formed, comprising a compartment mechanism configured to switch between a compartmented state and an open state. The compartmented state includes a first section having the evaporation source formation part, and a second section configured to transfer the substrate between an outside of processing vessel and a mounting table. The substrate processing apparatus comprises a substrate transfer hole formed in the processing vessel and configured to open and close with respect to the second section being in the compartmented state; and an exhaust hole formed to connect to the second section and configured to exhaust the second section in the compartment state to remove a solvent atmosphere of the second section.

Abstract: An automated assay system is described with stations for placement of materials to be used in an assay of materials inside capillaries and an automated gripper for manipulating capillaries. The system includes a separation and immobilization station where reactions inside the capillaries take place and a detector station where photoemissions from the capillary reactions are detected. The photoemissions from the capillaries may be displayed as line graphs or in columns of a pseudo-gel image resembling the familiar Western gel blot. An automated control system has a user interface by which an operator can select a run protocol and define the locations of samples and reagents to be used in the protocol run: Following the setup the control system will cause the automated system to execute the protocol, then display the results in a selected display format.

Abstract: Remote-monitoring shower water apparatus comprises a housing, a shower water inlet at the housing, a shower water outlet at the housing, a controller at the housing which controls at least water flow from the shower water inlet to the shower water outlet, and a monitoring device which monitors at least one of the controller and the user of the controller. The monitoring device includes at least one sensor element and an offsite-signal transmitter at or adjacent to the housing which transmits a status signal to a carer location remote from an installation site of the shower water apparatus, based on a status of the sensor element.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing the visibility of a plume created at the outlet of an industrial process, where the industrial process expels hot, humid air into the outside air through an output area of an outlet and, as a result of the expelled air A coming into contact with the outside air E, a visible plume might otherwise be created. The method includes the steps of having an auxiliary air that is dryer than the process air and hotter than the outside air available and combining this auxiliary air with the hot, humid process air such that the auxiliary air forms a protective, insulating or sheathing layer of air around the process air. This combination of the process air with the auxiliary are is carried out after (i.e., downstream from) an extraction process or processes of the industrial process and in the atmosphere generally adjacent to the output area of the process outlet.

Abstract: A system for maintaining a desired pressure difference between a first pressure within a chamber and a reference pressure at a reference space. The system may include a peristaltic pump located along a duct that connects the chamber with the reference space. The system may further include a pressure sensor for monitoring an actual pressure difference between the first pressure within the chamber and the reference pressure at the reference space. The system may also include a controller for receiving a signal from the pressure sensor for determining the actual pressure difference from the pressure sensor and for operating the peristaltic pump, in accordance with the actual pressure difference and the desired pressure difference, to increase, decrease or leave unchanged the pressure within the chamber so as to maintain the actual pressure difference within predetermined proximity to the desired pressure difference.

Abstract: The method and device of the present invention reduces the pulsation of fluid from a pump. The damping device and method works on either the positive pressure or negative pressure side of the pump. Under positive pressure the device is attached downstream from the outlet port of a pump, the device having an input port in fluidic communication with the outlet port of the pump, an outlet port, an outer wall with an opening, and a membrane covering the opening, the outer wall of the device and the membrane forming a contained volume. As fluid from the outlet port of the pump passes into the device, it enters the contained volume which expands and contracts, thereby vitiating the pulsations in the fluid flow downstream of the device. Alternatively, under negative pressure the device is attached upstream from the inlet port of a pump.

Abstract: A composite material having a plurality of drainage members intersecting to provide interconnected fluid drainage paths.

Abstract: A pig receiver and method retrieve pigs in pipeline pigging operations. In one embodiment, a pig receiver includes a pig receiver unit. The pig receiver also includes a pig gate valve assembly disposed on the pig receiving unit. The pig gate valve assembly includes a gate valve. The pig gate valve assembly also includes a first actuator and a second actuator. The pig gate valve assembly further includes a cylinder guide. In addition, the pig gate valve assembly includes a tie bar. Actuation of the tie bar actuates the gate valve. An end of the tie bar is attached to the first actuator, and an opposing end of the tie bar is attached to the second actuator. The pig receiver also includes a system for removing contaminants from the pig receiver.

Abstract: A test system and a method for testing a multiplexed BOP control system (6) wherein the multiplexed BOP control system (6) comprises a first and a second redundant central control unit (10, 20) with respective first and second operator consoles (30, 31), wherein the central control units (10, 20) are arranged for being connected via a first signal transmission system (40) to respective first and second redundant subsea control systems (11, 21) arranged for being connected to BOP valves (50) and BOP sensors (55) in a subsea BOP (1), and the test system comprises a control system signal simulator (42) arranged for being connected between one or more of the control units (10, 20) and one or more of the subsea control systems (11, 21), and further arranged for entirely or partly replacing the first signal transmission system (40) and providing simulated signals (41) between one or more of the control units (10, 20) and one or more of the subsea control systems (11, 21).

Abstract: A device for volumetric metering a liquid biologic sample is provided. The device includes an initial chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, a first valve, a second valve and a third valve. The chambers are each configured so that liquid sample disposed in the respective chamber is subject to capillary forces. Each chamber has a volume, and the volume of the initial chamber is greater than the volume of either the second or the third chambers. The valves each have a burst pressure. The burst pressure of the first valve is greater than the third burst pressure. The first valve is in fluid communication with the second chamber. The second valve is disposed between, and is in fluid communication with, the initial chamber and the third chamber. The third valve is in fluid communication with the third chamber.

Abstract: A paint supplying pail comprises a paint supplying pail body, a paint supplying pail cover, a quickly detachable rod, a fastening member and a deflecting block. The paint supplying pail body has at least one protruding pole and is covered by the paint supplying pail cover which is provided outwardly with a vertical pole. The quickly detachable rod is rotatably sleeved on the vertical pole, and the fastening member is overlapped on the quickly detachable rod. The fastening member comprises at least one transverse groove which moves transversely to sleeve on the protruding pole, and the quickly detachable rod rotates to lift the fastening member, thereby the transverse groove pressing against the protruding pole. The deflecting block is wedged into an air deflecting pipe of the pant supplying pail cover, and perforated to have a non-through venting passage and two air holes.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid scattering prevention cup which has a relatively simple construction and is easy to manufacture, has excellent durability, and can effectively prevent liquid droplets from bouncing off the inner peripheral surface of the cup. The liquid scattering prevention cup is disposed such that it surrounds a periphery of a substrate held and rotated by a substrate holding mechanism for preventing scattering of liquid droplets coming out of the rotating substrate. The liquid scattering prevention cup has a hydrophilic coating formed on at least part of the inner peripheral surface thereof and facing the substrate held and rotated by the substrate holding mechanism. The at least part of the inner peripheral surface has been subjected to surface roughening.

Abstract: An anti-theft assembly for preventing illegal access to a water shut-off point of a commercial flush valve assembly is disclosed. The anti-theft assembly is comprised of a boxed configuration formed and dimensioned for installation in both a left and right oriented flush valve assembly with lock access holes positioned to hold a lock between the plumbing fixtures and the wall.

Abstract: A composite valve has a communication path communicating a first valve chamber with a second valve chamber, a second valve port communicating the second valve chamber with an outflow port, and a pilot passage communicating a back pressure chamber with the outflow port. In the case that a lift amount of a second valve body for a small flow rate control is equal to or less than a predetermined amount, the pilot passage is closed by a pilot valve body, and a first valve port is closed by a first valve body, thereby taking a small flow rate control state. In the case that the lift amount of the second valve body goes beyond the predetermined amount, the pilot valve body is moved up in conjunction with the upward movement of a valve shaft so as to open the pilot passage, thereby taking a large flow rate control state.

Abstract: An electromagnetic pressure regulating valve includes a valve body and causes a valve body to move by an electromagnetic proportional solenoid to adjust an opening degree of a valve passage, thereby regulating secondary pressure to target pressure. A pressure return chamber is formed in the housing, and a diaphragm seal is provided at the valve body. The diaphragm seal receives the secondary pressure of the pressure return chamber to cause the valve body to move toward a closed position. A bearing member is provided between the valve body and the housing. In a gap between the valve body and the housing, a high-pressure sealing member is provided closer to the valve passage than the bearing member, and a low-pressure sealing member is provided closer to the bearing member than the high-pressure sealing member. A buffer chamber connected to a secondary port is formed between the sealing members.

Abstract: Hydraulic drive and method for driving a pressure booster of a high-pressure apparatus. The hydraulic drive includes a pressure medium pump having one of a constant displacement pump and a pump conveying a constant volume per revolution, a servo motor coupled to drive the pump, and a controller structured to at least one of electrically control, regulate and switch the servo motor, which is arranged on at least one of a low pressure side and a high pressure side of the pressure booster.

Abstract: Apparatus to visually indicate a leak from a relief valve are disclosed. In one example, an apparatus is disclosed that includes a pipe plug having a head and a shaft. The pipe plug is to attach to a relief valve. An opening is to extend through the head and shaft. The apparatus also includes a first flexible membrane to cover an end of the opening. In some examples, the first flexible membrane is to expand when fluid is released via the relief valve into the opening of the pipe plug.

Abstract: The faucet device (1) of the present invention includes a device body (2); a solenoid valve (12); a spout port forming portion (44); a generator (14) for generating electrical power by rotating an impeller; a solenoid valve-side water-passage forming member (52) for guiding water to the generator; a spout port-side water-passage forming member (42) for guiding water to a spout port; a first elastic member (52a) for sealing between the solenoid valve-side water-passage forming member and the generator and allowing relative displacement therebetween; a second elastic member (42b) for sealing between the spout port-side water-passage forming member and the generator and allowing relative displacement therebetween; a third elastic member (60) for coupling the solenoid valve-side water-passage forming member and the device body and allowing relative displacement therebetween; and a fourth elastic member (58) for coupling the spout port-side water-passage forming member and the device body and allowing relative dis

Abstract: A fuel distribution manifold comprises an outer shell having an inner surface. The outer shell defines an inlet for receiving fuel from a parent supply line, a base opposite the inlet, a central manifold axis that intersects the inlet, and a plurality of outlets for delivering fuel to offspring fuel lines, each outlet defining a respective outlet axis. In one exemplary embodiment, a fuel distribution manifold also comprises a center-body having an outer surface and being positioned within the outer shell wherein the outer surface of the center-body and the inner surface of the outer shell define a flow-path through which fluid flows from the inlet to the plurality of outlets. In another exemplary embodiment, at least one of the outlets is positioned adjacent to the base and oriented so that its respective outlet axis is rotated relatively to a radial direction that intersects the central manifold axis.

Abstract: A duct may be disclosed. The duct may comprise a first wall and a second wall. The first wall and the second wall in combination may define a passage, an inlet, and an outlet. The inlet and the outlet may be in fluid communication with the passage. The second wall may define at least one opening in fluid communication with the passage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid supply system wherein liquid, such as for example, a supply of warm water, circulates. Said system consists of thick outer tubes, the inner chamber of said thick outer tubes allowing a liquid to flow through, a thin inner tube is respectively placed inside the outer tube in which the liquid can flow in the direction counter to that in the inner chamber. In the path of at least one outer tube, a first tube branch is introduced enabling the first inner tube to be withdrawn, and in said first branch, at least one functional component, such as a shut-off valve, is introduced into the inner tube and guided to a second tube branch in the path of an outer tube and extends further through said tube branch and then into the inner chamber of the latter outer tube.

Abstract: A radial piston pump has a plurality of cylinders within which pistons reciprocally move. Each cylinder is connected to a first port by an inlet passage that has an inlet check valve, and is connected to a second port by an outlet passage that has an outlet check valve. A throttling plate extends across the inlet passages and has a separate aperture associated with each inlet passage. Rotation of the throttling plate varies the degree of alignment of each aperture with the associated inlet passage, thereby forming variable orifices for altering displacement of the pump. Uniquely shaped apertures specifically affect the rate at which the variable orifices close with throttle plate movement, so that the closure rate decreases with increased closure of the variable orifices.

Abstract: Fluid-based no-moving part logic devices are constructed from complex sequences of micro- and nanofluidic channels, on-demand bubble/droplet modulators and generators for programming the devices, and micro- and nanofluidic droplet/bubble memory elements for storage and retrieval of biological or chemical elements. The input sequence of bubbles/droplets encodes information, with the output being another sequence of bubbles/droplets or on-chip chemical synthesis. For performing a set of reactions/tasks or process control, the modulators can be used to program the device by producing a precisely timed sequence of bubbles/droplets, resulting in a cascade of logic operations within the micro- or nanofluidic channel sequence, utilizing the generated droplets/bubbles as a control. The devices are based on the principle of minimum energy interfaces formed between the two fluid phases enclosed inside precise channel geometries.

Abstract: A button switch three-way valve includes a fixation unit disposed with an inlet waterway and two outlet waterways. A priority valve is disposed between each outlet waterway and the inlet waterway. The on-off of the outlet waterway to the inlet waterway is controlled by the sliding of the valve shaft in each priority valve. The fixation unit is disposed with two control surfaces opposite to each other, each disposed with lock grooves. A button is disposed between the two control surfaces, with a central part and two connection parts in the two sides of the central part. The central part is pivot joint to the fixation unit. Two connection parts are separately connected to the two valve shafts to control the sliding of the two valve shafts, the exterior sides of the two connection parts are disposed with lock tooth to couple to the lock grooves.

Abstract: A selectively closeable drain connector includes a hollow body or plunger moveable relative to a bore-defining drain flange. A locking element may be arranged to maintain the hollow body relative to the drain flange in one or more desired positions. At least one sealed jacket may extend between exterior portions of the drain flange and the hollow body to provide a barrier arranged to inhibit passage of contaminants to sealing surfaces along which the hollow body travels relative to the drain flange. The drain connector may be joined to a container, such as a tank, bag, vessel, or other receptacle for material storage and/or processing.

Abstract: A tube-equipped, flanged, pressure transfer structure comprises a flange for connecting to a counterflange; a tube, which is secured to the flange; a hydraulic path, which extends from a first opening in a front end surface of the tube facing away from the flange to a second opening in the rear end surface of the flange facing away from the tube; and an isolating diaphragm, which covers the first opening and is connected pressure-tightly with the front end surface of the tube along a peripheral edge, wherein the hydraulic path is filled or fillable with a pressure transfer liquid, in order to transfer a pressure presiding at the isolating diaphragm to the second opening, wherein the tube has a front section having the end surface and a first diameter and an intermediate section with a second diameter, which is less than the first diameter, and wherein the front section is shorter than the intermediate section.

Abstract: A pressure compensator for a subsea device for performing a pressure compensation between an ambient medium surrounding the subsea device and a liquid medium filling a volume of the subsea device is provided. The pressure compensator has at least one outer bellow and a first chamber enclosed by the outer bellow. It further has at least one inner bellow which is arranged inside the first chamber, and a second chamber enclosed by the inner bellow. Between the outer bellow and the inner bellow, a compensation volume is confined, which is provided with a fluid connection to the volume of the subsea device.

Abstract: An article of manufacture, a quick cap device for use with a tire valve stem, which may be a pushed-to-put-on/squeezed-to-remove tire valve stem cap. Optional interior female threads and grooves may also be used with versions of the invention.

Abstract: A method for making a charge-air hose for a motor vehicle includes producing a continuous inliner having a cylindrical inner surface in an extrusion process while pneumatically shaping the cylindrical inner surface without a mandrel by bringing the inner cylindrical surface to an inner diameter D1. Thereafter, an elastomeric inner ply, a first knit ply, an elastomeric intermediate ply, a second knit ply and an elastomeric outer ply are applied to the inliner successively, coaxially and continuously to form a continuous charge-air hose section. The first and second knit plies are made from an endless yarn and have respective orientations different from each other. Charge-air hose blanks are cut to length and the charge-air hose blanks are shaped with a mandrel defining a curved longitudinal axis and having a diameter D2 which, in at least a longitudinal segment, is at least 6% greater than the inner diameter D1.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an article having a surface modified to alter its surface tension property and increase resistance to sand abrasion as characterized by a material volume loss of less than 75 mm3 according to ASTM G65-04 Procedure B. In one embodiment of the method, an intermediate layer is first deposited onto a substrate of the article. At least a substrate on the article is protected by a coating layer, which comprises: an intermediate layer adjacent to the substrate with a thickness of at least 2 mils containing a plurality of pores with a total pore volume of 5 to 50% within a depth of at least 2 mils; and a surface layer comprising a lubricant material deposited onto the intermediate layer. The lubricant material infiltrates at least a portion of the pores for the coating to have the desired surface tension depending on the application.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition comprising polyamide comprising nylon-6/12 or a polyamide comprising a first repeat unit of formula (I) and a second repeat unit of formula (II) —C(O)(CH2)nC(O)NH(CH2)6NH—??(II); wherein n is an integer selected from 8, 10, 12, or 14, and optionally nylon-6,66, nylon-66, nylon-610, nylon-612, nylon-11, nylon-12 and an ionomer comprising an ethylene carboxylic acid copolymer, wherein 30 to 90% of the total carboxylic acid functionalities are neutralized to salts with zinc cations or a mixture of zinc cations and cations of a second metal selected from Group 1 of the Periodic Table of the Elements wherein the salts comprise from 20 to 90% equivalents of zinc. Articles prepared from the composition have improved salt stress crack resistance when exposed to zinc chloride solutions.

Abstract: An exemplary elongated elevator load bearing member includes a plurality of tension elements that extend along a length of the load bearing member. A plurality of weave fibers transverse to the tension elements are woven with the tension elements such that the weave fibers maintain a desired spacing and alignment of the tension elements relative to each other. The weave fibers at least partially cover the tension elements. The weave fibers are exposed and establish an exterior, traction surface of the load bearing member.

Abstract: The weft-braking device comprises a first annular plate coaxially supported in front of the delivery end of a stationary drum of a yarn feeder, and a second annular plate which is coaxially biased against the first annular plate by driving elements. The yarn is adapted to run between the annular plates in order to receive a braking action by friction. The driving elements comprise at least one piezoelectric actuator, which is deformable in response to a voltage applied thereto and has a movable operative end which is operatively connected to the second annular plate and a stationary operative end which is anchored to a stationary support.

Abstract: A hand held tool for the tensioning and severing of cable ties, including reciprocating means for tensioning the cable tie tail, locking means to prevent further tensioning upon the attainment of a preselected tension level in the tie tail, and severing means to sever the tie tail from the cable tie head.

Abstract: A hand held tool for the tensioning and severing of cable ties, including reciprocating means for tensioning the cable tie tail, locking means to prevent further tensioning upon the attainment of a preselected tension level in the tie tail, and severing means to sever the tie tail from the cable tie head.

Abstract: A cartridge discharges paint in a paint chamber from a feed tube by displacing a piston in a tank. A waste liquid adjusting valve located on a downstream side of a waste liquid passage on-off valve and including a throttle passage is provided in a waste liquid passage to be connected to the feed tube. This waste liquid adjusting valve is opened at the time of washing clean the paint chamber and a paint supply passage of the feed tube to widely enlarge the passage cross-sectional area of the waste liquid passage. When paint is replenished into the paint supply passage, the waste liquid adjusting valve uses the throttle passage as a flow passage to narrowly throttle the passage cross-sectional area of the waste liquid passage. The amount of discarded paint which flows out from the feed tube is thereby reduced.

Abstract: Equipment to transfer powder from a drum into a tank comprising at least one handling device and one hopper assembly (T) connected to a tank (4). The handling device comprises a hollow cylindrical body intended to surround a drum (2) and to immobilise it to enable it to be turned upside-down, where the drum (2) is open and the powder is contained in at least one sealed bag. The hopper assembly (T) comprises a hopper (60) and a sealed enclosure (62) installed on the upstream end of the hopper, where said enclosure (62) comprises an aperture to enable the hollow cylindrical body loaded with the drum (2) and of the sack of powder to enter, and then, after removal of the hollow cylindrical body loaded with the empty drum (2), to be closed, and to allow the bag to be opened to allow the powder to flow into the hopper (60).

Abstract: Embodiments of ink-filling devices are described. An ink-filling device may include a feeding-stock arranging track configured to stack workpieces in a single file. An ink-filling needle is configured to move from a first position opposite from the feeding-stock arranging track to a second position within the feeding-stock arranging track. A push rod is configured to move from a first position opposite from the feeding-stock arranging track to a second position within the feeding-stock arranging track. The devices may be used for filling with ink the absorbent wrap-around cores used in writing instruments.

Abstract: System for feeding and processing bottles (1) to be conveyed to a device (30) for entry into a filling machine (40) operating at an assigned speed (Vp), the system comprising: a realignment centrifuge (100) fed randomly with the bottles (1) and having a tangential outlet (113); movement devices (12, 13, 14), able to convey the bottles (1) leaving the realignment centrifuge (100) and vary the speed of advancing movement thereof; at least one device (21) for handling the bottles; the realignment centrifuge is operated at an operating speed (Vc) greater than the speed (Vp) of the filling machine, and movement devices (12, 14) comprise at least a first device (12); a third device (14); said handling device (21) has means (5) for gripping the bottles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tire pressure control system for a motor vehicle, comprising a rotary feedthrough (7) having a stator and a rotor for transferring compressed air, fed from a compressed air source on the vehicle side to the rotor (R) designed for supporting a wheel. The rotary feedthrough (7) comprises an annular chamber (25) present between the rotor (R) and the stator (S) that can be sealed off by activatable seals (15, 16). A stator side and a rotor side air channel (8, 17) open into said chamber. The seals (15, 16) that can be activated for the purpose of compressed air transfer are disposed spaced apart in an axial arrangement having the same or approximately the same spacing from the rotary axis of the rotor (R). According to the invention, either the seals (15, 16) are designed for operating facing each other and an annular grove (18) present between the seals (15, 16) and open to the rotor (R) in the radial direction engages in rotor flange (19).

Abstract: A dual purpose coupling piece is provided for on the one hand the screw coupling of a disposable pressure container with a dispensing gun, and which further comprises includes means for on the other hand also cooperating in a bayonet-type coupling with a suitable handheld applicator for application of the compound as in the handheld use. A suitable handheld applicator is also provided. The coupling piece and/or the handheld applicator may be designed for the production as one single product using injection moulding. Further provided is an assembly of a container with the coupling piece, and a process for producing the coupling piece and the assembly, as well as the handheld applicator.

Abstract: An improved coupling piece for the Click-and-Fix coupling of a disposable pressure container with a dispensing gun is provided, including an integrated cap and internal support legs for securing the position of the stem of the valve of the container when pressure increases inside the container, and which coupling piece may be produced as one single product using injection moulding. Further provided is an assembly of a container with the coupling piece, and a process for producing the coupling piece and the assembly. The coupling piece and/or the assembly may be further adapted for handheld use with a suitable handheld applicator.

Abstract: An alloy of a golf club comprises 0.25 wt % to 1.0 wt % Si, 0.25 wt % to 1.5 wt % Mn, 2.0 wt % to 3.5 wt % Cu, 6.0 wt % to 8.0 wt % Ni, 15.5 wt % to 18.0 wt % Cr, balance iron and inevitable impurities, wherein the alloy of a golf club has austenite structures, ferrite structures, and martensite structures simultaneously.

Abstract: A process for heat treating a component formed of an alloy. The process includes manipulating uniaxial strain test data of the alloy using a triaxiality factor to determine an equivalent multiaxial stress state. Conditions are then applied to the multiaxial stress state to identify a cooling path for the component. The cooling path includes boundaries for heat treatment temperatures and cooling rates that do not exceed predetermined stresses or strains and/or avoid predetermined residual stress patterns in the alloy. The component is then heated to a heat treatment temperature and quenched according to the cooling path identified in the applying step.

Abstract: This high-strength steel sheet includes by mass percentage: 0.05 to 0.4% of C; 0.1 to 2.5% of Si; 1.0 to 3.5% of Mn; 0.001 to 0.03% of P; 0.0001 to 0.01% of S; 0.001 to 2.5% of Al; 0.0001 to 0.01% of N; 0.0001 to 0.008% of O; and a remainder composed of iron and inevitable impurities, wherein a steel sheet structure contains by volume fraction 10 to 50% of a ferrite phase, 10 to 50% of a tempered martensite phase, and a remaining hard phase, wherein a 98% hardness is 1.5 or more times as high as a 2% hardness in a range from ? to ? of a thickness of the steel sheet, wherein a kurtosis K* of the hardness distribution between the 2% hardness and the 98% hardness is ?1.2 to ?0.4, and wherein an average crystal grain size in the steel sheet structure is 10 ?m or less.