Abstract: A tube unit for microscopes which has a tube lens, including two components with an intermediate, large air separation, and an overall positive refractive power. The air separation is at least half the size of the focal length f of the tube lens. A roof edge mirror or another suitable deflection element is arranged between the two components of the tube lens. The roof edge mirror includes two mirrors, which can be tilted with respect to one another, and which is able to be tilted around its roof edge. The tilting movement or the tilting angle of the tiltable mirror or deflection element corresponds to half the tilt or half the tilting angle of the tube or eyepiece viewing system.

Abstract: Shaped glasses have curved surface lenses and spectrally complementary filters disposed on the curved surface lenses configured to compensate for wavelength shifts occurring due to viewing angles and other sources. The spectrally complementary filters include guard bands to prevent crosstalk between spectrally complementary portions of a 3D image viewed through the shaped glasses. In one embodiment, the spectrally complementary filters are disposed on the curved lenses with increasing layer thickness towards edges of the lenses. The projected complementary images may also be pre-shifted to compensate for subsequent wavelength shifts occurring while viewing the images.

Abstract: A parallax barrier 3D image display method is provided. Particularly, a vertical strip parallax barrier design method is provided to avoid transverse ghost images generated by a conventional parallax barrier and directed to arrangement of sub-pixels on a screen of a flat panel display, which displays multi-view 3D images with minimal ghost images, thereby achieving the purpose of optimum 3D image display.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element is provided, which includes a first layer having a material of a refractive index n1(?), a second layer, adjacent to the first layer, having a material of a refractive index n2(?) and a diffraction structure formed at the interface between the first layer and the second layer. The material of at least one of the two layers is obtained by curing an optical adhesive.

Abstract: A hard-coated antiglare film that has superior antiglare properties, allow high definition to be provided even in the case of a low haze value, can prevent white blur in an oblique direction from occurring and, and can improve the depth of black in black display, as well as a polarizing plate, and the like. The hard-coated antiglare film includes a transparent plastic film substrate and a hard-coating antiglare layer containing fine particles, which is on at least one surface of the transparent plastic film substrate. The hard-coated antiglare film has a total haze value Ht in the range of 10% to 35%. The total haze value Ht and an internal haze value Hin satisfy a relationship of 0.5?Hin/Ht?0.9. The surface of the hard-coating antiglare layer has an uneven shape and an arithmetic average surface roughness Ra in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 ?m.

Abstract: Optical films having anti-Moiré and anti-wetout features are described, along with systems and methods for making these optical films. A master used to make optical films is formed using a single axis actuator cutting along a trajectory that is out of plane with the surface of the master. Movement of the cutting tool along the trajectory cuts grooves having variable depth and variable pitch into the surface. Prisms formed from the master have variable depth, variable height prisms that provide anti-wetout and anti-Moiré features.

Abstract: A lens sheet for both a microlens and a lenticular lens includes a first lenticular lens layer having semicircular convex lenses which are arranged in parallel; a refraction control adhesive layer formed under the first lenticular lens layer; a second lenticular lens layer formed under the refraction control adhesive layer and having semicircular convex lenses which are arranged in parallel; a focal distance layer formed under the second lenticular lens layer; and a three-dimensional layer formed under the focal distance layer, wherein an extension direction of the semicircular convex lenses arranged in the first lenticular lens layer and an extension direction of the semicircular convex lenses arranged in the second lenticular lens layer are crossed with each other.

Abstract: An optical arrangement and a related method for operating this optical arrangement are suggested, particularly in microscopes, for use as at least one of a main beam splitter and a beam combiner. One or more light beams can be coupled into the arrangement and at least one of the light beams that were coupled in can be coupled out again after having passed through the optical arrangement. In the path of the coupled in light beams at least one controllable microstructured element is provided, allowing to switch beam paths within the optical arrangement. This allows controlling or influencing the one or more light beams that are coupled out.

Abstract: A head-mounted display for forming a virtual image at a predetermined distance in front of a user includes: a left eye unit and a right eye unit, each eye unit having an image module for generating an image and an optical system disposed at a predetermined distance from the image module and towards the user's eyeball for forming a virtual image at a predetermined distance from the user by enlarging the generated image. A main body has both the left eye unit and the right eye connected thereto, wherein portions of the main body to which the left eye unit and the right eye unit are connected are each inclined to sustain a predetermined angle from the center of the main body. By utilizing a user's visual convergence so that a virtual image may be displayed at a target position, variation of a distance determination between users is reduced, and thus a viewing effect to the user of a virtual image being formed at a target position is obtained, thereby improving user satisfaction.

Abstract: Accurate simulation of sport to quantify and train performance constructs by employing sensing electronics for determining, in essentially real time, the player's three dimensional positional changes in three or more degrees of freedom (three dimensions); and computer controlled sport specific cuing that evokes or prompts sport specific responses from the player that are measured to provide meaningful indicia of performance. The sport specific cuing is characterized as a virtual opponent that is responsive to, and interactive with, the player in real time. The virtual opponent continually delivers and/or responds to stimuli to create realistic movement challenges for the player.

Abstract: An optical structure includes an array of mirrors disposed on a substrate. The mirrors are disposed over a surface of the substrate and oriented at a plurality of different oblique angles relative to the surface of the substrate. The substrate comprises a clear substrate to pass external light through interstitial gaps between the mirror structures such that the optical structure is partially transparent and partially reflective. The optical structure may optionally be illuminated with an image source that emits substantially a single light ray per pixel of the image source to provide an optical system.

Abstract: A windshield display system for installation into a vehicle that includes a windshield, a transparent display overlaying the windshield, and an array of electrowetting lenses overlaying the transparent display. Each lens of the array is operable to a flat-state where light passes through the lens substantially undistorted, and a shaped-state where emitted light from an underlying portion of the transparent display is directed in order to increase an apparent brightness of the emitted light. The array selectively magnifies pixels or portions of the transparent display, while maintaining vision clarity for the operator in regions of the windshield where images are not being displayed. The array may also outline or highlight images being displayed with a region of distortion of surrounding the image to distort the view of the scene outside the vehicle to help the operator discern the image when the outside lighting conditions are less than ideal.

Abstract: The invention provides a zoom optical system comprising at least three lens groups and designed to implement zooming by varying a separation between the respective lens groups. The zoom optical system includes, on an image plane side with respect to a stop, a lens group comprising a plurality of lenses and having positive refracting power throughout. The lens group having positive refracting power includes therein a first lens and a second lens in order from the object side, an image plane side surface of the first lens being convex toward the object side, and an object side surface of the second lens being concave toward the object side.

Abstract: A lens system and a photographing apparatus including the lens system are provided, the lens system including a first sub lens system that includes a plurality of lens groups, and a second sub lens system that includes a replacement lens group that replaces or is replaced by some of the plurality of lens groups.

Abstract: A zoom lens having, in order from the object, a first lens group G1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G2 having positive refractive power, and a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power, wherein the second lens group G2 is constituted only by three or more cemented lenses.

Abstract: A zoom lens ZL comprising a first lens group G1 having negative refractive power, a second lens group G2 having positive refractive power, and a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a first lens having negative refractive power and a second lens which is a plastic lens having positive refractive power, the second lens group G2 includes a third lens having positive refractive power, a fourth lens having positive refractive power and a fifth lens having negative refractive power, the third lens group G3 includes a sixth lens having positive refractive power, and the conditional expressions: 1.50<(?f1)/fw<2.52, 0.4<(?f1)/fL2 <0.8, n2×n2×?2<77.0 are satisfied respectively.

Abstract: A zoom lens ZL, which is mounted on an electronic still camera 1 or the like, is composed of, in order from the object side, a first lens unit G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit G2 having a negative refractive power, a third lens unit G3 having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens unit G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens unit G5 having a positive refractive power. The first lens unit G1 has, in order from the object side, a negative meniscus lens with a convex surface on the object side, and a positive lens, and the second lens unit G2 has, in order from the object side, a negative meniscus lens with a convex surface on the object side, a biconcave lens, and a positive lens. The zoom lens satisfies a condition of the following expression: 0.005<(?f2)×f3/(f12)<0.023, where f1, f2, and f3 are the respective focal lengths of the first, second, and third lens units G1, G2, and G3.

Abstract: A zoom lens system comprises, from an object side to an image side: a first lens unit; a second lens unit; a third lens unit; a fourth lens unit; and a fifth lens unit having positive refractive power, wherein: in zooming from a wide angle end to a telephoto end, the first, the second, the third, and the fourth lens units move so that an interval between the first and the second lens units is larger at the telephoto end than that at the wide angle end, an interval between the second and the third lens units is smaller at the telephoto end than that at the wide angle end, and a distance between the third and the fourth lens units varies; and a focal length of the first lens unit, and focal lengths of an entire system at the wide angle end and the telephoto end are appropriately set.

Abstract: An inner focus lens, in order from an object side to an image side, comprising: a first lens unit having positive optical power; a second lens unit having negative optical power; and a third lens unit having positive optical power, wherein the second lens unit is moved along an optical axis so that focusing from an infinite-distance object side to a short-distance object side is achieved, the first lens unit includes a bi-convex air lens, and the following conditions: 0.65<|f2/f|<5.00 and 0.5<f23/f1<9.0 (f2: a focal length of the second lens unit, f and f23: a focal length of the entire system and a composite focal length of the second and third lens units in an infinity in-focus condition, f1: a focal length of the first lens unit) are satisfied; an interchangeable lens apparatus; and a camera system are provided.

Abstract: A lens system having, in order from an object, at least a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, and second to fourth lens groups G2 to G4, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a front portion lens group G1a, and a rear portion lens group G1b which is disposed to an image side of the front portion lens group G1a with an air distance therebetween, and performs focusing by shifting the rear portion lens group G1b in the optical axis direction, and the fourth lens group G4 includes, in order from the object, a negative lens and a positive lens (cemented negative lens L41), a negative lens L42, and an aperture stop S, and is fixed in the optical axis direction with respect to an image plane I upon zooming from a wide angle end state to a telephoto end state.

Abstract: A zoom lens for projection includes a negative first lens group, a positive second lens group, a positive third lens group, and a positive fourth lens group, which are arranged from the magnification side of the zoom lens in the order mentioned above. The first lens group and the fourth lens group are fixed during zooming, but the second lens group and the third lens group move on optical axis Z of the zoom lens toward the magnification side, based on an operation for operating the zoom lens from wide end to tele end, in such a manner that a distance between the second lens group and the third lens group changes. Further, the following formula (1) is satisfied: 17<FG3/fw??(1), where FG3: focal length of the third lens group, and fw: focal length of entire system at wide end.

Abstract: Providing a zoom lens system being compact and simple having excellent optical performance suitable for an optical apparatus with a limited space for a zoom lens, and capable of shifting an image, and an optical apparatus equipped therewith. The system includes, in order from an object: a first group having positive power and an optical path bending element; a second group having negative power; a third group having positive power; and a fourth group having positive power. Upon zooming from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, the first and third groups are fixed relative to an image plane, the second group and the fourth group are moved along the optical axis, an image on the image plane can be shifted by shifting the third group or a portion thereof substantially perpendicularly to the optical axis. The first group includes at least one negative lens, and satisfies a given condition.

Abstract: A zoom lens including: a first lens group having a positive refractive power; a second lens group having a negative refractive power; a third lens group having a positive refractive power; and a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power, wherein the first lens group, the second lens group, the third lens group, and the fourth lens group are sequentially arranged in the order from an object side to an image surface side, while zooming from a wide-angle position to a telephoto position, the first lens group is moved in such a way that the distance between the first lens group and the second lens group is widened, the second lens group is moved along a trajectory convex toward the image surface side, the third lens group is moved from the image surface side to the object side, and the fourth lens group is moved along a trajectory convex toward the object side, and the zoom lens satisfies the following inequalities: vd1ave>68.2, and Nd1ave>1.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power, a third lens unit having a positive refractive power, and a fourth lens unit having a positive refractive power in order from an object side to an image side. The second and fourth lens units move during zooming, and the first and third lens units do not move for zooming. A focal length fw of the entire zoom lens at a wide-angle end, a focal length ft of the entire zoom lens at a telephoto end, a focal length f1 of the first lens unit, a focal length f2 of the second lens unit, and a focal length f4 of the fourth lens unit are appropriately set.

Abstract: Embodiments of a zoom lens system may comprise at least four lens groups having a NPNP power sequence. The first lens group may include a stationary lens element. The second through fourth lens groups may be movable during zooming. An additional movable N or P lens group on the image side of the system may correct field curvatures or astigmatism. The first lens group may include a stationary, N first lens subgroup and an N second lens subgroup having a movable lens element for focusing. The first lens group may contribute to low focus breathing. Multiple lens groups may have matching movement plans. Some embodiments may be high speed and have a first lens group that can be stationary during zoom. Some embodiments may have only one aspheric surface.

Abstract: A lens barrel is provided that includes a zoom optical system, a zooming unit, and a light adjusting mechanism. The zoom optical system is configured to form an optical image of a subject and includes a first, a second, and a third lens group. The third lens group is movable and configured to move the optical image. The zooming unit causes the zoom optical system to perform a zooming operation. The light adjusting mechanism is configured to adjust the light passing through the zoom optical system. The lens barrel is configured to change between an imaging state and a retracted state. In the imaging state, the zooming operation is performed, and the first, the second, and the third lens groups are in alignment. During the zooming operation, the second lens group moves integrally with the third lens group along the optical axis, and the light adjusting mechanism and the second lens group move independently of one another along the same axial direction.

Abstract: A light amount adjustment device including a motor which can be reduced in size by reducing radial and axial dimensions and makes it possible to increase the motor output. The device has a stator of a motor drive mechanism formed integrally with a holding member fixed to a cam member with aperture blades and a rotary member for driving them sandwiched therebetween. A stator includes a support portion, and first and second magnetic pole portions. The first and second magnetic pole portions extend toward an outer periphery of the rotor and coils are inserted thereon from respective extending ends. The extending ends are disposed in a manner opposed to the outer periphery of the rotor. The two portions are disposed with an angle therebetween such that respective lines extending in the extending directions intersect with each other.

Abstract: A zooming adjustment mechanism including a holder, a zoom ring, at least two rollers, a first resilient sheet, and a second resilient sheet is provided. The zoom ring is confined to the holder and coupled to a zoom bar. The rollers are respectively confined to a groove of the holder and in contact with a bottom surface of the zoom ring. The first resilient sheet is disposed on a first side of the holder, and each end of the first resilient sheet leans against a roller. The second resilient sheet is disposed on a second side of the holder, and each end of the second resilient sheet leans against a roller. A projection lens module including the zooming adjustment mechanism is also provided.

Abstract: There is provided a camera module. The camera module includes: a lens barrel including at least one lens; a housing receiving the lens barrel and having an opening in one surface thereof; an actuator driving the lens barrel through the opening; and a preload control part receiving the actuator therein and forming one surface of the housing by being coupled to the opening such that preload generated from the lens barrel and the actuator is controlled.

Abstract: An optical lens system for taking image comprises, in order from the object side to the image side: a first lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface; a second lens element with negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface and an object-side surface cemented to an image-side surface of the first lens element; a third lens element with negative refractive power; a fourth lens element with positive refractive power having a concave image-side surface and at least one inflection point; and an aperture stop located between an object to be photographed and the third lens element. In the optical lens system for taking image, the number of the lens elements with refractive power being limited to four. A focal length of the optical lens system for taking image is f, a focal length of the first lens element is f1, they satisfy the relation: 0.8<f/f1<2.1.

Abstract: A photographing optical lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface, a second lens element with negative refractive power, a third lens element with positive refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, and a fourth lens element with negative refractive power having a concave object-side surface.

Abstract: An optical system includes: a main mirror (11) having a shape of a portion of a convex paraboloid which includes an opening in a center and is rotationally symmetric; a second-reflection mirror (12) which further reflects light reflected by the main mirror (11), and has a shape of a portion of a concave paraboloid which is rotationally symmetric; at least one lens which forms an image of the light reflected by the second-reflection mirror (12); and a lens barrel (14) holding the at least one lens, and a position of a front principal point of the at least one lens coincides with a focal position of the second-reflection mirror (12), and an optical axis of the at least one lens is tilted with respect to a rotational axis of each of the convex paraboloid and the concave paraboloid.

Abstract: With comprising, in order from an object side: a first lens L1 constructed by a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object side; a cemented lens component CL1 having positive refractive power as a whole constructed by a second lens L2 having positive refractive power and a third lens L3 having negative refractive power; a fourth lens L4 having negative refractive power; a fifth lens L5 having positive refractive power; and a sixth lens L6 having positive refractive power, and the following expression being satisfied: 0.01<d2/(?f1)<0.15 where d2 denotes a distance along an optical axis between the first lens and the second lens, and f1 denotes a focal length of the first lens, a compact lens system having superb optical performance with correcting various aberrations, a wide-angle lens, an optical apparatus equipped therewith, and a method for manufacturing the lens system are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an imaging lens suitable for a camera module using a high resolution imaging sensor, decreasing a flare phenomenon and reducing the sensitivity. The imaging lens comprises, in order from the object side, a first lens having positive (+) refractive force; a second lens having negative (?) refractive force; a third lens having positive (+) refractive force; a fourth lens having positive (+) refractive force; and a fifth lens having negative (?) refractive force, wherein an object side plane of the third lens is convexly formed.

Abstract: An image capturing lens assembly comprises, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface, a second lens element with refractive power, a third lens element with positive refractive power having a convex image-side surface, and a fourth lens element with refractive power having a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface. The object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fourth lens element are aspheric and have at least one inflection point.

Abstract: A relay lens is used for an imaging system having a main lens. The main lens has a pupil plane. The relay lens, in the order from the subject side to the image side thereof, includes a first lens of negative refractive power, and a second lens of positive refractive power. The first lens has a first principal plane and a second principal plane. The second lens has a third principal plane and a fourth principal plane. The relay lens system satisfies the following formulas: 0.53<|ƒ1/ƒ2|<0.57; 1.54<?1/?2<3.11; 0.22<D1/D2<0.65, where f1 and f2 are the effective focal lengths of the first and second lenses, v1 and v2 are the Abbe numbers of the first and second lenses, D1 is the distance between the second principal plane and the third principal plane, D2 is the distance between the fourth principal plane and the pupil plane.

Abstract: A lens module includes a lens barrel, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, and two spacers. The lens barrel includes an object-side end and an image-side end. The first, second, and third lenses are received in the lens barrel and arranged in that order from the object-side to the image-side. One of the two spacers is positioned between the first lens and the second lens, and the other of the two spacers is positioned between the second lens and the third lens. Each of the spacers is chamfered to prevent the ingress of unwanted light.

Abstract: A lens drive control device for a lens barrel, which controls at least a part of a plurality of lens groups respectively including at least one lens, wherein a state of the lens barrel transits from a retracted state to a photographing extended state, the lens drive control device comprising: a detection device which detects that the at least one lens group reaches a reference position, and a determination device which determines an abnormal actuation based upon a detection by the detection device, upon actuation when the at least one lens group is moved from the retracted position to the position on the optical axis, wherein the determination device determines that the actuation is abnormal when the detection device detects that the at least one lens group reaches the reference position for a plurality of times.

Abstract: Provided is a lens transferring device including a lens mounting member to which at least one lens is installed; a guiding member that guides movement of the lens mounting member; a driver that moves the lens mounting member and includes a lead screw; an operation member installation unit that is formed at an end of the lens mounting member; an operation member that includes a screw unit contacting the lead screw, an installation unit installed to the operation member installation unit, and a connection unit connecting the screw unit and the installation unit; and an elastic member including a first end that contacts the installation unit and a second end that contacts the operation member installation unit, wherein a first propping member that contacts a portion of the installation unit and prevents tilting of the operation member is formed on the operation member installation unit.

Abstract: A lens driving apparatus which lessens shake of the lenses is provided. The lens driving apparatus includes a lens support unit comprising a first support and a second support that face each other, and a slope on an inner surface of the first support, wherein one or more lenses are mounted on the lens support unit; a contact unit disposed between the first and second supports, wherein a protrusion is formed on one surface of the contact unit facing the slope; a force application unit configured to apply a force to the contact unit so that the protrusion contacts the slope; and a driving unit configured to contact another surface of the contact unit and configured to move the lens support unit in an optical axis direction.

Abstract: In a lens driving device, a rack gear portion is used as a gear portion so that the gear portion can be disengaged from the terminal end of the lead screw in the radial direction. To efficiently utilize a guide shaft formed with high precision, the guide shaft extends through a spring supporting frame of a lens holder that holds a lens, a movable member having the rack gear portion that meshes with the lead screw, whereby the movable member and the lens holder are linearly guided along the guide shaft, and the guide shaft also serves as the rotation axis of the movable member. A compression coil spring is wound around the guide shaft, and the rack gear portion is pressed against the lead screw by using the compression coil spring.

Abstract: A leaf spring supports a pillar shaped movable portion disposed in a center portion with respect to a cylindrical fixed portion disposed around the movable portion in the direction of a center axis shiftably so as to position the movable portion in a radial direction. The leaf spring is made of a material having Vickers hardness which is not less than 500 (HV).

Abstract: A voice coil motor includes a movable barrel and a spring plate. The movable barrel includes a top end and a number of locating members. Each locating member includes a locating post on the top end, and a blocking portion on the locating post. The spring plate includes a top surface, a bottom surface, and an inner frame. The spring plate defines a through hole passing through the top surface and the bottom surface. The inner frame surrounds the through hole. The inner frame defines a number of locating holes. Each locating hole receives a corresponding locating post. The spring plate is positioned between the blocking portions and the top end. The blocking portions lock the inner frame to the movable barrel. The inner surface of each locating hole defines spaced gaps. Each gap passes through the top and the bottom surfaces.

Abstract: A lens driving device includes a ring-shaped driving coil fixed to a lens holder so as to position around a tubular portion thereof and a rectangular hollow cylindrical yoke including a plurality of flat-shaped permanent magnets opposite to the driving coil. Each flat-shaped permanent magnet has both ends in a horizontal direction which extend in the proximity of opposed two sides of the yoke. The driving coil is disposed so as to extend up to the vicinity of the both ends in the horizontal direction of each flat-shaped permanent magnet.

Abstract: Film stacks and displays incorporating the same are described. More specifically film stacks that combine a light control film and a color shifting film proximate to one another and, in some embodiments, adhered together are described, as well as displays incorporating such film stacks. Such film stacks may combine the “blacking out” functionality of a conventional louver film (LCF) and the color shifting effect of a multilayer optical film (MOF).

Abstract: An optical filter including: a base film; and a function incorporation layer on the base film and for shielding electromagnetic interference and absorbing external light, the function incorporation layer having a cross mesh pattern, wherein the cross mesh pattern includes a plurality of pattern lines, and wherein at least a part of the cross mesh pattern protrudes from a surface of the function incorporation layer facing toward the reflection prevention layer.

Abstract: A servo control system configured to position a head in accordance with position error signals between servo data on a disk read by the head in a servo sampling cycle and a target position. The system includes a plurality of adaptive peak filters connected in parallel configured to filter the position error signals and configured to change filter coefficients adaptively, and an estimator configured to estimate head vibration caused by disturbances using the servo data read by the head. The system further includes a selector configured to select a portion of the plurality of adaptive peak filters at preset occasions, and a setter configured to update coefficient settings of the portion of the adaptive peak filters selected by the selector in accordance with an estimation by the estimator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating a laser signal for driving a laser used in thermal-assisted recording. A channel of a hard drive generates a high-frequency component of the laser signal—e.g., a periodic wave or series of pulses—and synchronizes the phase of the laser signal with a corresponding write data signal which controls the magnetization of data bits within the magnetic disk of the hard drive. The channel may be connected to a read/write integrated circuit via a channel interconnect. The read/write circuit may include a second phase control to compensate for any phase shift and an adder circuit to combine the transmitted high-frequency laser with a DC bias. Further, the read/write circuit may include a feedback loop for adjusting the DC bias based on environmental parameters of the hard drive such as temperature.

Abstract: A method includes activating a stress-effecting layer of a thin film structure, having the stress effecting layer adjacent to a magnetic layer, to induce a magneto-elastic anisotropy in the magnetic layer.

Abstract: A control circuit to provide a control current to control an amplitude of a write current in a magnetic media drive. The control circuit has an output circuit for providing the control current with an amplitude dependent on a bias voltage. A bias current path provides the bias voltage to the output circuit, and a current diverting circuit is connected to divert current from the bias current path. A programmable ramp voltage generator operates in response to a degauss enable signal, and a voltage-to-current converter receives the programmable ramp voltage to control the current diverting circuit to divert current from the bias current path at a rate determined by the programmable ramp voltage. The bias voltage and the write current decay according to the programmable ramp voltage. The write current decay can be made linear and independent of a beginning write current amplitude.