Abstract: Examples of methods and apparatuses for estimating bit counts of a bitstream are described herein. An entropy encoder may include a bitstream encoding module and a bit count estimation module. The bitstream encoding module may be configured to encode a plurality of syntax elements according to a first encoding technique. The bit count estimation module may be configured to provide estimated bit counts for encoding the plurality of syntax elements according to a second encoding technique. In at least one embodiment, the bitstream encoding module may be further configured to encode the plurality of syntax elements based on the estimated bit counts.

Abstract: A video encoding device includes a codec unit to encode first image data to be output as a bitstream and to generate a rate control signal according to a result of the encoding and a pre-processor to perform a decimation operation on second image data successive to the first data and to transmit the second image data to the codec unit.

Abstract: An electronic device for motion compensation is provided. The electronic device has a processing unit configured to perform a decoding program on a video bitstream to output decoding data, wherein the decoding data has a plurality of inter-prediction macroblocks, and the processing unit further generates a plurality of first pixel interpolation values according to the inter-prediction macroblocks which are smaller than a predetermined macroblock size. A motion compensation acceleration circuit is configured to generate a plurality of second pixel interpolation values according to the inter-prediction macroblocks which are larger than or equal to the predetermined macroblocks size, and generate a plurality of reconstructed macroblocks according to the first pixel interpolation values, the second pixel interpolation values, and a plurality of corresponding residue values.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising: (a) receiving a layer 0 bitstream, the layer 0 bitstream including coding information for the layer 0 bitstream; (b) receiving a layer 1 bitstream, the layer 1 bitstream including coding information for the layer 1 bitstream; and (c) reconstructing the layer 0 bitstream using previously received information for another layer 0 bitstream and previously received information for another layer 1 bitstream.

Abstract: A method of content adaptive encoding video comprising segmenting video content into segments based on predefined classifications or models. Based on the segment classifications, each segment is encoded with a different encoder chosen from a plurality of encoders. Each encoder is associated with a model. The chosen encoder is particularly suited to encoding the unique subject matter of the segment. The coded bit-stream for each segment includes information regarding which encoder was used to encode that segment. A matching decoder of a plurality of decoders is chosen using the information in the coded bitstream to decode each segment using a decoder suited for the classification or model of the segment. If scenes exist which do not fall in a predefined classification, or where classification is more difficult based on the scene content, these scenes are segmented, coded and decoded using a generic coder and decoder.

Abstract: Techniques and tools for video coding/decoding with sub-block transform coding/decoding and re-oriented transforms are described. For example, a video encoder adaptively switches between 8×8, 8×4, and 4×8 DCTs when encoding 8×8 prediction residual blocks; a corresponding video decoder switches between 8×8, 8×4, and 4×8 inverse DCTs during decoding. The video encoder may determine the transform sizes as well as switching levels (e.g., frame, macroblock, or block) in a closed loop evaluation of the different transform sizes and switching levels. When a video encoder or decoder uses spatial extrapolation from pixel values in a causal neighborhood to predict pixel values of a block of pixels, the encoder/decoder can use a re-oriented transform to address non-stationarity of prediction residual values.

Abstract: Provided are encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses for a video by selectively determining and using a scan mode. The video encoding method includes: generating transformation coefficients by performing transformation based on a transformation unit to encode an image; determining a scan mode, from among a plurality of scan modes, indicating a scanning direction of the generated transformation coefficients, based on characteristics of the transformation coefficients; and determining and outputting an encoding order of the generated transformation coefficients based on the scanning direction of the determined scan mode.

Abstract: The system and methods for motion sensor assisted rate control for video encoding are described herein. An apparatus for encoding video content comprises a sensor and an encoder. The sensor is configured to provide motion information relating to the apparatus. The encoder is configured to encode the video content based at least in part on a quantization parameter. The encoder is further configured to increase the value of the quantization parameter in response to the provided motion information.

Abstract: An encoding method with multiple image block division manners is disclosed, including: determining a division manner and a division direction of an image block; dividing the image block to obtain image subblocks sequentially arranged horizontally or vertically; determining whether the image subblocks need subdivision, and if subdivision is not needed, predicting the encoding object in the frame according to the image subblocks, to obtain residual data; performing transformation, quantization, and entropy encoding for the residual data so as to obtain coded residual data; and writing the division manner of the image block, the division direction of the image block, an identifier indicating whether the image subblocks need subdivision, and the coded residual data into a bitstream. By applying the encoding method, better prediction accuracy can be achieved when the image block presents a small change of pixel value in the horizontal or vertical direction.

Abstract: An image predictive encoding device of an embodiment obtains motion information, for acquiring from a previously-reconstructed reference picture, a signal highly correlated with a pixel signal of a target region serving as an encoding target. The motion information contains prediction modes of candidates for selection, the prediction modes being a uni-prediction using one reference picture and a bi-prediction using two reference pictures. When a prediction mode that is selected from the candidates of the two prediction modes is the uni-prediction, the motion information is obtained from one reference picture set in a single reference picture list used for uni-prediction in which frame numbers of a plurality of reference pictures are registered. At least the prediction mode is encoded as the motion information.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding a video. In particular, the apparatus for encoding a video includes an offset calculator to calculate an offset between pixels of neighboring blocks corresponding to an intra prediction direction; and a prediction unit to adaptively perform an intra prediction on a current block in consideration of the calculated offset so as to generate a predicted block, and to intra-predictively encode the current block.

Abstract: A lossless decoding unit 52 takes quantization parameters of decoded blocks spatially or temporally adjacent to a block to be decoded, as selection candidates, and extracts, from stream information, difference information indicating difference as to a prediction quantization parameter selected from the selection candidates. A quantization parameter calculating unit 59 calculates, from the prediction quantization parameter and the difference information, a quantization parameter of the block to be decoded. Thus, decoding of the image can be performed correctly by calculating a quantization parameter equal to a quantization parameter used at the time of image encoding.

Abstract: Methods and devices transform image data, which are transformed by a compression filter before being compressed and stored in a reference image memory. In an extension, an inverse transformation to that of the compression filter is performed by a decompression filter when image data from the reference memory are read out and decompressed. The methods and devices can be used for image compression methods and image decompression methods that use reference image memories.

Abstract: Systems and methods for interleaving video sub-blocks in video coding are described herein. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a memory and a video coder. The memory stores a first video block and a second video block. The first video block and the second video block include sub-blocks. The video coder processes a first sub-block of the first video block according to a first process and a second process, and processes a second sub-block of the first video block according to the first process and the second process after processing the first sub-block of the first video block according to the first process and the second process. Further, the video coder processes a first sub-block of the second video block according to the first process before processing the second sub-block of the first video block according to the first process.

Abstract: Systems and methods for intra prediction video coding are described herein. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a processor and a memory. The processor divides a video block into a plurality of video sub-blocks having a first size. The video block includes video units and has an intra prediction mode, and each video sub-block of the plurality of video sub-blocks includes at least a non-zero integer number of video units of the video block. The processor further determines prediction variables for a first video sub-block of the plurality of video sub-blocks based on the intra prediction mode of the video block and determines a predicted video unit for each video unit of the first video sub-block based on the intra prediction mode of the video block and the prediction variables for the first video sub-block. The memory stores the predicted video units.

Abstract: A video encoding apparatus, a video decoding apparatus and video decoding method are provided. The video decoding apparatus includes: a decoding unit receiving encoded data and reconstruct an intra prediction mode by decoding a bitstream of the encoded data; a dequantization unit dequantizing the quantized transformed residual block to reconstruct a transformed residual block; an inverse transform unit inversely transforming the transformed residual block to reconstruct a residual block; a prediction unit generating a predicted block by selectively using one of pixels of a neighboring block adjacent to a current block and a reference pixel generated by filtering the pixels of the neighboring block according to the intra prediction mode; and an addition unit adding the reconstructed residual block and the predicted block to reconstruct the current block.

Abstract: The present application provides a prediction method for use in an image block encoding or decoding process. The method includes obtaining availability information of reference blocks of a current image block, and determining whether the reference blocks are available according to the availability information, where the reference blocks of the current image block include a left side block, an upper side block, and an upper left block of the current image block; if at least one of the reference blocks is available, and at least one is unavailable, filling a pixel value in the available reference block to the unavailable reference block as a reference pixel value of the current image block; and predicting the current image block according to the reference pixel value.

Abstract: A method and a device for coding and decoding images are disclosed. The method for coding images includes: determining a second length according to a direction of a division line, a scale value, and a position parameter value; determining a division mode of the image block according to the direction of the division line, a first length, the second length, and the scale value; coding the image block according to the division mode of the image block; and coding a direction parameter value, the scale value, and the position parameter value. With the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the determining of the division mode of the image block on the image coder is simplified.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an intra prediction method and apparatus and an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus using the same. The disclosure provides the intra prediction apparatus that predicts the pixel values of respective pixels in a current block by weight-averaging the pixel values of one or more adjacent pixels in neighboring blocks to the current block according to the distances between each pixel in the current block and the adjacent pixel(s). According to the disclosure, the current block to be encoded can be predicted more accurately so that the encoding efficiency is improved by reducing the difference between the original block and the predicted block, and thereby video compression efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: A method and device form a prediction value. A prediction direction is locally described by nonlinear trajectories. The prediction direction can be used in forming a prediction value to achieve a more accurate prediction determination. The method and device can be used in image compression or image-sequence compression.

Abstract: A moving picture coding method includes: judging whether or not is to be performed on a coding target block; (b) judging, when the result of the judgment in step (a) is TRUE, whether or not the coding target block is a block that does not refer to at least part of intra predictors; (c) determining an intra predictor based on image information of the coding target block, when the result of the judgment in step (b) is TRUE; and (d) deriving a predictive image signal for the coding target block, using the intra predictor.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an image encoding/decoding method comprises the steps of: performing an intra prediction on a current block so as to generate a prediction block; performing filtering on a filtering target pixel in the prediction block on the basis of the intra prediction mode of the current block so as to generate a final prediction block; and generating a reconstructed block on the basis of a reconstructed differential block corresponding to the current block and on the final prediction block. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: A multiview image encoding method includes, a view synthesis step for generating a view synthesis image at an encoding target view using a reference view image, a prediction image candidate generation step for generating plural intra prediction image candidates for each encoding target region using decoded images in already-encoded regions which are adjacent to the encoding target region, a prediction image candidate evaluation step for determining evaluation values of each intra prediction image candidates using the view synthesis image, a prediction image generation step for generating an intra prediction image from the plural intra prediction image candidates based on the evaluation values, and an image signal encoding step for performing a predictive encoding of an encoding target image in the encoding target regions using the intra prediction image.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for coding an image, a method for decoding an image, a method for processing image data, and devices thereof. The method for coding the image includes: determining a current intra coding block that uses a constrained intra prediction method among current inter coded frames; determining that neighboring coding blocks that are adjacent to the current intra coding block include a neighboring inter coding block; updating image data in the neighboring inter coding block based on an invariable value or image data in a neighboring intra coding block included in the neighboring coding blocks; and coding the current intra coding block based on the updated image data in the neighboring inter coding block. By using the methods and devices, the error recovery capability of an intra coding block may be improved, and the image data decoding quality may be improved.

Abstract: A video encoding apparatus includes: an obtaining unit which sequentially obtains pictures included in video signals; and an encoding unit which (i) encodes an anchor picture in a first video signal using only an intra prediction, and outputs the anchor picture in an I-picture format, (ii) encodes an anchor picture in a second video signal using only the intra prediction, and outputs the anchor picture in a P-picture format, and (iii) encodes pictures other than the anchor pictures and included in the first and second video signals using the intra prediction or an inter prediction in a temporal direction.

Abstract: A predictive coding system performs predictive encoding by determination of an optimum prediction mode from prediction methods for a pixel signal of a target block. A predicted signal is generated according to the determined mode, and a residual signal is determined. The residual signal and the optimum prediction mode are encoded to generate a compressed signal, which is decoded. The decoded signal is stored as a reconstructed picture sample. During encoding, a candidate prediction mode list is generated that contains elements of optimum prediction modes of previously-reproduced blocks neighboring the target block. A flag indicating whether the list contains an element corresponding to the optimum prediction mode is encoded, and an index to the corresponding element is encoded if the corresponding element is included in the list. The optimum prediction mode can be encoded based on identifying the elements in the list, unless no corresponding element appears on the list.

Abstract: A method for determining a macroblock (MB) coding mode for a current MB in a dependent view. A window around a co-located MB in a base view is determined, wherein the co-located MB is a MB in the base view having a same location as the current MB in the dependent view. A coding mode complexity value (CMCV) is determined for each MB in the window, wherein the CMCV is based on a coding mode used to encode the MB. Rate distortion optimization (RDO) is performed for the current MB using a reduced number of coding modes if a total CMCV for all MBs in the window is less than a threshold, or using all supported coding modes if the total CMCV for all MBs in the window is greater than the threshold. A coding mode for the current MB is determined based on the RDO results.

Abstract: A method for video decoding includes: dividing a plurality of luma component data of a reference frame into a plurality of primary data and a plurality of secondary data, respectively stored in a first memory region and a second memory region; accessing the first memory region to perform a motion estimation; and accessing the second region to perform a luma motion compensation.

Abstract: Methods and systems for efficient searching of candidate blocks for inter-coding and/or intra coding are provided. In one innovative aspect, an apparatus for performing motion estimation is provided. The apparatus includes a processor configured to identify a number of candidate blocks of a frame of video data to be searched, at least one candidate block corresponding to a block of another frame of the video data. The processor is further configured to select one or more of the candidate blocks to search based on a distance between the candidate blocks. The processor is also configured to select a method for searching the selected candidate blocks based on a format of the video data. The processor is also configured to estimate the motion for the block of the another frame based on the selected method and the selected candidate blocks.

Abstract: An image coding method includes: deriving a candidate for a motion vector predictor from a neighboring motion vector; adding the candidate to a list; selecting a motion vector predictor from the list; coding a current block; and coding a current motion vector. In the deriving, the candidate is derived according to a first derivation scheme when each of a current reference picture and a neighboring reference picture is determined to be a long-term reference picture, and the candidate is derived according to a second derivation scheme when each of a current reference picture and a neighboring reference picture is determined to be a short-term reference picture.

Abstract: Coding techniques for a video image compression system involve improving an image quality of a sequence of two or more bi-directionally predicted intermediate frames, where each of the frames includes multiple pixels. One method involves determining a brightness value of at least one pixel of each bi-directionally predicted intermediate frame in the sequence as an equal average of brightness values of pixels in non-bidirectionally predicted frames bracketing the sequence of bi-directionally predicted intermediate frames. The brightness values of the pixels in at least one of the non-bidirectionally predicted frames is converted from a non-linear representation.

Abstract: In embodiments of the present invention, a first reference point and a second reference point that correspond to a prediction point are obtained from an upper reference edge and a left reference edge of a prediction block respectively according to a position of the prediction point in the prediction block and a prediction texture direction that corresponds to a prediction mode. Then linear interpolation is performed, according to the position of the prediction point, on the first reference point and the second reference point to obtain a predicted value of the prediction point.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding a video and a method and apparatus for encoding a video are provided. The method for decoding the video includes: receiving and parsing a bitstream of an encoded video; extracting, from the bitstream, encoded image data of a current picture of the encoded video assigned to a maximum coding unit, and information about a coded depth and an encoding mode according to the maximum coding unit; and decoding the encoded image data for the maximum coding unit based on the information about the coded depth and the encoding mode for the maximum coding unit, in consideration of a raster scanning order for the maximum coding unit and a zigzag scanning order for coding units of the maximum coding unit according to depths.

Abstract: Techniques and tools for video coding/decoding with motion resolution switching and sub-block transform coding/decoding are described. For example, a video encoder adaptively switches the resolution of motion estimation and compensation between quarter-pixel and half-pixel resolutions; a corresponding video decoder adaptively switches the resolution of motion compensation between quarter-pixel and half-pixel resolutions. For sub-block transform sizes, for example, a video encoder adaptively switches between 8×8, 8×4, and 4×8 DCTs when encoding 8×8 prediction residual blocks; a corresponding video decoder switches between 8×8, 8×4, and 4×8 inverse DCTs during decoding.

Abstract: The present technology relates to an image processing device and method able to improve encoding efficiency. An image processing device includes a predictor prediction unit predicting a predictor used in the current block from information of a predictor used in a peripheral block positioned in the periphery of the current block which is an encoding process target; a prediction image generation unit generating a prediction image of the current block using a predictor of the current block predicted by the predictor prediction unit; and a decoding unit decoding encoded data in which an image is encoded using a prediction image generated by the prediction image generation unit. The present technology may be applied to, for example, to an image processing device.

Abstract: A target number of motion information predictors to be used for an image portion to encode is obtained. A first set of motion information predictors is obtained each associated with an image portion having a predetermined spatial and/or temporal relationship with the image portion being encoded. Duplicates are eliminated to obtain a reduced set of motion information predictors containing a first number of motion information predictors, each motion information predictor of said reduced set being different from any other motion information predictor of said reduced set. The first number is compared to the target number and, if said first number is lower than said target number, an additional motion information predictor is obtained and added to the reduced set of motion information predictors.

Abstract: A moving picture coding apparatus includes a co-located block information determination unit which determines which one of a forward reference block and a backward reference block will be a co-located block and further determines whether only the unidirectional motion vector of the motion vectors of the co-located block is to be stored in a colPic memory, a temporal motion vector predictor calculation unit which derives a candidate motion vector predictor in temporal motion vector predictor mode using the colPic information stored in the colPic memory; and an inter prediction control unit which determines to code a motion vector using a candidate motion vector predictor having least error from the motion vector derived by motion estimation among candidate motion vector predictors.

Abstract: An image coding method of coding a current block to be coded using a first reference index indicating a first reference picture and a first motion vector, includes: calculating, using a second reference index and a second motion vector used to code a corresponding block, a third reference index and a third motion vector as respective candidates for the first reference index and the first motion vector; determining a value of a flag that indicates whether or not to code the current block using the third reference index and the third motion vector as the first reference index and the first motion vector; and coding the current block using the first reference index and the first motion vector according to the value of the flag, and adding the value of the flag to a bitstream generated by the coding.

Abstract: The present technique relates to an image processing device and method that can increase encoding efficiency. A table selection unit (343) compares the difference (distance) dPOC calculated by a distance calculation unit (342) with a distance threshold dPOC_th supplied from a distance threshold acquirement unit (341), and, in accordance with the comparison result, selects a table (a bit sequence assignment pattern) Sn. A binarization unit (335) refers to the table information about the assignment pattern (Sn) that is stored in a table storage unit (334) and is selected by a table selection unit (343), and, in accordance with the assignment pattern, binarizes the predicted motion vector select information (pmv_index) supplied from a predicted motion vector selection unit (332). The present invention can be applied to image processing devices, for example.

Abstract: In an example, an electronic device of a decoder is configured to obtain a bit stream and recover a binary symbol from the obtained bit stream. The electronic device is configured to determine whether the binary symbol is to be decoded using a modified transform skip mode. The electronic device is configured to, in response to determining that the binary symbol is not to be decoded using the modified transform skip mode, determine a first TS_Shift value, and recover video data using the first TS_Shift value. The electronic device is configured to, in response to determining that the binary symbol is to be decoded using the modified transform skip mode, determine a second TS_Shift value, and recover video data using the second TS_Shift value.

Abstract: The present technology relates to an image processing apparatus and a method capable of performing a quantization process or an inverse quantization process more suitable for contents of an image. A lossless decoding unit 202 decodes coded data read from an accumulation buffer 201 at a predetermined timing. A sub macroblock inverse quantization unit 221 obtains a quantization value for each sub macroblock by using a quantization parameter supplied from an inverse quantization unit 203 and returns the same to the inverse quantization unit 203. The inverse quantization unit 203 inversely quantizes a quantization coefficient obtained by decoding by the lossless decoding unit 202 by using the quantization value for each sub macroblock supplied from the sub macroblock inverse quantization unit 221. The present technology may be applied to the image processing apparatus, for example.

Abstract: A technique is provided for processing decoded video data to mask visual compression artifacts resulting from video compression. In accordance with this technique, a hardware block is provided for generating and adding random noise to the decoded video stream. In one embodiment, a random number is generated for each pixel of the decoded video data and compared against one or more threshold values to determine a threshold range. In such an embodiment, a noise addend value is selected based upon the threshold comparison and summed with the current pixel. While the present technique may not eliminate the compression artifacts, the addition of random noise renders the compression artifacts less noticeable to the human eye and, therefore, more aesthetically pleasing to a viewer.

Abstract: A method for packetizing data representing a video sequence comprising a first frame and a second frame. The method comprising determining for at least one first area of a plurality of first areas of the first frame a second area of a plurality of second areas of the second frame such that, for different first areas different second areas are determined and such that, for each of the first areas, a measure of the distance between the second area determined for the first area and an area of the second frame whose location within the second frame corresponds to the location of the first area is above a value. The method further comprising grouping, for each of the first areas, data which the first area may be reconstructed and data from which the second area determined for the first area may be reconstructed into a packet.

Abstract: Methods and systems for performing at least one of video encoding and video decoding are disclosed. In one implementation, the system includes a controller configured to determine a video standard associated with a portion of the video data, each portion of the video data associated with one of a plurality of video standards. The controller is further configured to provide a set of the filter parameters which are associated with a video standard to be used for at least one of the video encoding and decoding and at least one filter configured to filter at least one reference pixel received from the reference pixel memory based, at least in part, on the provided set of filter parameters.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing device including a decoding section configured to decode an image from an encoded stream, a horizontal filtering section configured to apply a deblocking filter to a vertical block boundary within an image to be decoded by the decoding section, a vertical filtering section configured to apply a deblocking filter to a horizontal block boundary within an image to be decoded by the decoding section, and a control section configured to cause the horizontal filtering section to filter in parallel a plurality of vertical block boundaries included in a processing unit containing a plurality of coding units and cause the vertical filtering section to filter in parallel a plurality of horizontal block boundaries included in the processing unit.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a signal from a transmitter over a channel to a receiver on a Power Line Network, wherein said signal is OFDM-modulated on a set of sub-carriers, is proposed, wherein an OFDM tonemap and an eigenbeamforming encoding matrix are determined based on a channel estimation for each sub-carrier, a tonemap feedback signal and an eigenbeamforming feedback signal are generated, which are descriptive of said OFDM tonemap and said eigenbeamforming encoding matrix, respectively, and transmitted to the transmitter. A corresponding receiver, a transmitter, a power line communication and a power line communication system are described as well.

Abstract: A magnetics based hybrid circuit, comprising a receiver side transformer and a transmitter side transformer is described. Power is supplied via respective inductive elements coupled to respective first end of the receiver side transformer and the transmitter side transformer. A DC blocking element is further provided in series between the second end of the receiver side primary winding and the second end of the transmitter side primary winding.

Abstract: A method for operating a receiver having multiple receive antennas to process a signal from a first affiliated transmitter and align interference from a second interfering transmitter includes providing a codebook of predefined matrices. Each predefined matrix has an identifier associated therewith. A first channel matrix and a second channel matrix are assembled for the first and the second transmitters. An equivalent direct channel matrix is determined from the first and second channel matrices, and predetermined reference vectors are selected from a plurality of predetermined vectors. A predefined matrix is selected from the codebook based upon the equivalent direct channel matrix and an identifier for the predefined matrix is fed back to the first transmitter. A signal is received and decoded using a combining matrix derived from the predetermined reference vectors and an inverse of the second channel matrix, thereby reducing interference from the interfering transmitters.

Abstract: Generating a channel codebook by identifying a subset of antenna configurations from a plurality of antenna configurations of an antenna associated with a transmitter by: transmitting a sequence of symbols from the transmitter to a receiver using the plurality of antenna configurations, wherein each antenna configuration provides a unique transmission characteristic to the receiver; receiving feedback from the receiver that identifies the subset of antenna configurations; and, generating channel codebook entries corresponding to the subset of antenna configurations; and, transmitting data from the transmitter to the receiver using the channel codebook.

Abstract: Channel gain information is utilized for determining linear, or non-linear, combinations of transmitted symbols to increase symbol throughput. The base station recombines symbols directed to different receivers in response to the channel gain information. Channel gain information, which is subject to delay, has been previously utilized merely for predicting current channel gains prior at the time of transmission. The present invention, however, utilizes the channel gain information to increase coding efficiency even when the channel gain information is not utilized for predicting current channel gains. The method, apparatus and systems of the invention are applicable to any configuration of multiple wireless transmission to multiple receivers.