Abstract: An image enhancement apparatus for enhancing an input image of a sequence of input images of at least a first view and obtaining an enhanced output image of at least said first view comprises an unsharp masking unit configured to enhance the sharpness of the input image, a motion compensation unit configured to generate at least one preceding motion compensated image by compensating motion in a preceding output image, a weighted selection unit configured to generate a weighted selection image from said sharpness enhanced input image and said preceding motion compensated image based on selection weighting factor, a detail signal generation unit configured to generate a detail signal from said input image and said weighted selection image, and a combination unit configured to generate said enhanced output image from said detail signal and from said input image and/or said weighted selection image.

Abstract: A hardware architecture is applied to the calculation of a Difference-of-Gaussian filter, which is typically employed in image processing algorithms. The architecture has a modular structure to easily allow the matching of the desired delay/area ratio as well as a high computational accuracy. A new solution is provided for the implementation of multiply-accumulators which allows a significant reduction of area with respect to the conventional architectures.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for removing image noise. The method includes: separating an input image signal into a signal component and a noise component; converting the noise component into a decorrelated noise component that is spatiotemporally decorrelated from neighboring pixels; and generating an image signal by adding the decorrelated noise component to the signal component.

Abstract: In an example embodiment a method, apparatus and computer program product are provided. The method includes accessing feature points in a first frame of a content, and aligning a second frame to the first frame based on determining a transformation matrix between the second frame and the first frame based on matching the feature points in the first frame with a corresponding feature points in the second frame. The method further includes aligning at least one subsequent frame from the second frame to the first frame by generating a modified first frame based on a transformation matrix between a preceding frame of a subsequent frame and the first frame, and determining a transformation matrix between the subsequent frame and the first frame based on matching a set of feature points in the modified feature points with corresponding feature points in the subsequent frame.

Abstract: Visually defining terminology in a paragraph by invoking a multi-media viewer to rotate a subject-object and zoom-in on the associated feature in response to clicking on the terminology; higher resolution, or a different image capture technique is then overlaid. Viewer re-positions near terminology clicked. Clicking on a feature answers a question. Two viewers are synchronized to display the same pose to facilitate a phone conversation; synchronization session is initiated by a pattern of sounds transmitted over the phone. Viewer analytics information is a heat map indicating angles seen, paused, zoomed-in, or terminology clicked; ranks different marketing message wording. After webpage loads, an image having a special pattern within its filename is replaced with multi-media viewer. Upon loading or providing additional subject-object data, advertisements are shown if a subscription fee is not paid. Clipboard data is copied to another computer by a pattern of sounds transmitted over the phone.

Abstract: In a scanning electron microscope, if a failure is caused to occur in a SEM image by the influence of a disturbance such as magnetic field or vibration inside and from outside the device, the cause is identified simply and accurately using this SEM image. There is provided a measurement technique whose measurement accuracy is not influenced by a roughness of SEM image pattern. A one-dimensional scanning is performed in a scanning-line direction (X direction) by setting the Y-direction scanning gain at zero at the time of acquiring the SEM image, and a two-dimensional image is created by arranging image information, which is obtained by the scanning, in a time-series manner in the Y direction. A shift-amount data on the two-dimensional image is acquired using a correlation function, and the magnetic field or vibration included within the SEM image is measured by a frequency analysis of the data.

Abstract: An information processing device includes: a characteristics information storing means for storing analysis characteristics information representing performance of each analysis method, and media characteristics information representing performance of each method of input of media data; a QoS calculating unit for calculating response performance and analysis accuracy when executing an analysis process in the media analysis system by preset media data input method and analysis method, based on the stored analysis characteristics information and media characteristics information; and a QoS controlling unit for, in a case that at least one of the calculated response performance and analysis accuracy does not satisfy a preset target value, changing at least one of the preset media data input method and analysis method, based on the stored analysis characteristics information and media characteristics information.

Abstract: The present invention enables image distribution while maintaining privacy, using a simple configuration. An image distribution apparatus which distributes image data to which location information has been added stores information specifying an inhibited area concerning the location information and determines whether or not a location indicated by the location information added to the image data to be distributed falls within the stored inhibited area. If it is determined that the location indicated by the location information falls within the inhibited area, the image distribution apparatus distributes the image data by deleting the location information from the image data to be distributed. On the other hand, if it is determined that the location indicated by the location information falls outside the inhibited area, the image distribution apparatus distributes the image data with the location information added.

Abstract: Provided is a multi-compartment pouch with a breakable or openable inner compartment used for mixing of two or more ingredients contained within the compartments without opening the pouch to the atmosphere. In one form, a two-compartment pouch includes a top compartment and a bottom compartment and an inner gusset separating the top compartment from the bottom compartment. The inner gusset includes an openable region and a fold line, and means for grasping and pulling apart the front and rear panels of the pouch to cause the openable region to open to allow for the combining of contents of the top compartment with contents of the bottom compartment without opening the pouch. Also provided are methods for making the multi-compartment pouch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymeric bags, particularly polymeric drawstring trash bags. The present invention comprises a trash bag having an elastic drawstring. The elastic drawstring trash bag features a short seal and an inner seal at each upper corner of the drawstring trash bag. The short seal and inner seal are separated by a small unsealed area. The inner seal serves to reduce the upper opening of the drawstring trash bag, while the elastic drawstring utilized with the bag provides a bag that allows the bag to fit snugly on many common trash receptacles.

Abstract: Packages and methods for storage and dispensing of materials, e.g., high purity liquid reagents and chemical mechanical polishing compositions used in the manufacture of microelectronic device products, including containment structures and methods adapted for pressure-dispensing of high-purity liquids. Liner packaging of liquid or liquid-containing media is described, in which zero or near-zero head space conformations are employed to minimize adverse effects of particle generation, formation of bubbles and degradation of contained material.

Abstract: A childproof packaging for individual doses, in particular for preparations for administration in film form, wherein the packaging constitutes a bag produced by sealing, which has at least one each side a covering layer which is provided at least on one side with local weak points which do not touch the edge of the packaging, wherein the local weak points form a cohesive pattern which runs around the individual dos in an arc or a curve and overlaps an angular region of at least 90° when considered from the main area of the individual zone.

Abstract: Non-contact, gas-ejecting bearings (3) are provided for conveying flexible glass sheets (13), such as LCD substrates, at high conveyance speeds, e.g., speeds of 40 meters/minute and above, e.g., 60 meters/minute. Gas is provided to the bearing's orifices (22) from a plenum which operates at a pressure Pplenum and the bearings have a calculated static pressure Pmidpoint at the midpoints (27) between the bearing's centermost orifice (26) and each of its nearest neighbors (28) in a horizontal direction which satisfies the relationship Pmidpoint/Pplenum?0.05. The bearings (3) can reduce the time-averaged, peak-to-peak variation in the spacing between a LCD substrate (13) traveling at, for example, 60 meters/minute and the face (20) of the bearing (3) to less than 500 microns, thus reducing the chances that the substrate (13) will hit and be damaged by the bearing (3).

Abstract: A bearing mechanism has a rotary member made of a resin, having a cylindrical bearing integrally formed thereof and protruding from a side surface of the rotary member; a base member made of a resin and rotatably supporting the rotary member, the base member having a support shaft protruding from a position facing the cylindrical bearing of the rotary member; and an urging member constantly urging the rotary member in a predetermined direction. The cylindrical bearing of the rotary member has a bearing hole to fit and insert the support shaft of the base member.

Abstract: One embodiment includes an automotive powertrain component and a bearing. The automotive powertrain component has a first surface and moves during use thereof. The bearing assists movement of the automotive powertrain component and has a second surface that opposes the first surface of the automotive powertrain component. Multiple micropores are located on a portion or more of the first surface, of the second surface, or of both the first and second surfaces. The micropores retain lubricant therein. In use, the lubricant can be lifted above respective openings of the micropores and into a space located between the first and second surfaces.

Abstract: A bearing retaining structure includes a base, a stator assembly and a bearing. The base has a bearing cup projected from one side thereof, and the bearing cup internally defines a receiving space and has a fixed end connected to the base and an opposite free end. The bearing is disposed in the receiving space of the bearing cup. The stator assembly has an axially extended central opening and a retaining portion radially inward protruded from an inner wall surface of the central opening. The stator assembly is externally mounted around the bearing cup with the retaining portion tightly fitted around the free end of the bearing cup to narrow the receiving space, so that an inner wall surface of the receiving space is in tight contact with an outer wall surface of the bearing, and the bearing is stably retained in the bearing cup.

Abstract: The present invention provides a member, for a resin-made rolling bearing, which has a low extent of a moisture absorption-caused change in its dimension and mechanical properties, keeps sufficiently high mechanical properties after the member absorbs moisture, and is excellent in its resistance to hydrolysis, grease deterioration, and heat and also provides the rolling bearing in which the member for the rolling bearing is used. A rolling bearing (7) has an inner ring (8), an outer ring (9), a plurality of rolling elements (10) interposed between the inner ring (8) and the outer ring (9), a crown-shaped cage (11) for retaining the rolling elements (10), and a seal (12) covering an opening disposed at a gap between the inner ring (8) and the outer ring (9). The cage (11) and the seal (12) are moldings of a resin composed of polyphthalamide resin.

Abstract: This temporary support member for a sensor unit of a bearing assembly is stackable with a similar support member when a sensor unit is mounted on each one of the support member and the similar support member.

Abstract: A method of mounting a rolling-element bearing support module on a machine having a shaft includes providing a rolling-element bearing support module having a support and a first rolling-element bearing for supporting the shaft, bringing the first rolling-element bearing with the rolling-element bearing support module up to the shaft so that the support abuts the end surface of the machine, rolling the shaft on at least a portion of a circumference of the bore, recording movement data of the shaft during the rolling, determining an alignment point based on the movement data, aligning the rolling-element bearing support module to the alignment point, and affixing the rolling-element bearing support module to the end side of the machine in the aligned position.

Abstract: A hub spindle bearing unit for the wheel is equipped with an inner ring having inner ring raceway surfaces formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft section itself of the hub spindle or an inner ring forming annular member formed separately from the shaft section, an outer ring member having outer ring raceway surfaces formed corresponding to the inner ring raceway surfaces, and balls rotatably disposed between the inner and outer rings, a groove section configured as a fragile section in which the strength against the shaft bending direction load exerted to the hub spindle is weaker than the strength of the hub spindle is formed in the outer ring member, and the groove section is deformed and broken earlier than the hub spindle when an excessive shaft bending direction load exceeding a load to be input during ordinary use is input to the hub spindle.

Abstract: A method for producing a bearing ring of a rolling bearing includes the steps of: preparing a formed body constituted of hypereutectoid steel; forming an annular heated region heated to a temperature of at least an A1 point on the formed body by relatively rotating an induction heating member arranged to face part of an annular region for becoming a rolling contact surface of the bearing ring in the formed body to induction-heat the formed body along the circumferential direction of the annular region; and simultaneously cooling the whole of the heated region to a temperature of not more than an Ms point.

Abstract: A wheel rolling bearing unit capable of preventing grease leak even if the interference of the sealing member for sealing the clearance between the inner and outer rings is made small. The wheel rolling bearing unit according to the present invention is equipped with an inner shaft; an outer ring disposed concentrically on the outer peripheral side of the inner shaft; a plurality of balls disposed between these; and a pair of cages for retaining the balls in the circumferential direction. On the inner peripheral surface of each of the pair of cages, a concave section being dented to the outside in the radial direction to hold grease is formed in the range from the axial outside end section to the inside end section.

Abstract: A bearing seal, which has a rubber body impregnated with an electrically conductive material such as graphite. A level of conductivity of the bearing seal depends upon an amount of graphite integrated into the rubber body. A bearing is also disclosed, which includes at least one closure element, such as a seal, arranged between an outer and inner ring of the bearing that is impregnated with an electrically conductive material, such as graphite, to create a conductive pathway for an electrical current to circumvent the rolling elements of the bearing. The closure element aids in ensuring electric current is kept away from the rolling elements by diverting electric current from the outer ring to the inner ring of the bearing.

Abstract: A simplified bi-annular-shaped bearing with anti-play characteristics has an inner race, an outer race, at least one ring groove and a roller-shaped limiting set, The races can relatively rotate. The ring groove is configured on the periphery of the inner race or the inner ring surface of the outer race. The roller-shaped limiting set is configured on at least one position of the outer race or inner race, and comprises rigid balls, elastic supporting components and positioning members. The outer race or inner race is configured with a radial housing part to hold the roller-shaped limiting set. The elastic supporting component is to elastically push the rigid ball toward the end opening configured on the radial housing part, so that it will go into and contact against the ring groove.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spacer device for roller elements in a toroidal roller bearing, and a method for manufacturing a toroidal roller bearing comprising a plurality of spacer devices. The toroidal roller bearing allows for axial and angular displacement between an inner and outer bearing ring. The spacer device provides first and second roller-contacting surfaces having a concave shape adapted to conform with respective convex contacting surfaces of the toroidal roller elements, and at least one axial end portion which is elastically deformable.

Abstract: Construction of a roller thrust bearing is achieved wherein it is possible to keep a thrust race from coming apart from a cage without wear or cracking occurring in a cage element and without impact occurring between the thrust race and cage even when used in an application wherein a rotating section rotates at high speed, or when used in an application wherein relative displacement between members of a rotating section is large. The thickness of metal plate of a first cage element 35 is preferably ? the thickness of metal plate of a second cage element 36 or less. Alternatively, the thickness of metal plate of a second cage element 56 is preferably ? the thickness of metal plate of a first cage element 55 or less.

Abstract: An optical modulator includes an input port, a first waveguide region comprising silicon and optically coupled to the input port, and a waveguide splitter optically coupled to the first waveguide region and having a first output and a second output. The optical modulator also includes a first phase adjustment section optically coupled to the first output and comprising a first III-V diode and a second phase adjustment section optically coupled to the second output and comprising a second III-V diode. The optical modulator further includes a waveguide coupler optically coupled to the first phase adjustment section and the second phase adjustment section, a second waveguide region comprising silicon and optically coupled to the waveguide coupler, and an output port optically coupled to the second waveguide region.

Abstract: Provided is a waveguide-type polarization beam splitter in which deterioration of a polarization extinction ratio due to temperature change and wavelength change is suppressed. A groove is formed to extend across a pair of optical waveguide arms and two quarter wave plates are provided in the groove to extend respectively across the arms. Polarization axes of the quarter wave plates are orthogonal to each other. A first optical coupler which gives a phase difference of 0° or 180° between coupled or split light beams and a second optical coupler which gives a phase difference of 90° or ?90° between coupled or split light beams are used in combination.

Abstract: Provided is a waveguide-type polarization beam splitter in which deterioration of a polarization extinction ratio due to temperature change and wavelength change is suppressed. The waveguide-type polarization beam splitter includes: input optical waveguides; a first multimode interference optical coupler; a pair of optical waveguide arms; a second multimode interference optical coupler; and output optical waveguides. A quarter wavelength delay is provided in one of the pair of optical waveguide arms, a groove is formed to extend across both of the pair of optical waveguide arms, and two quarter wave plates are provided in the groove to extend respectively across the arms. Polarization axes of the respective quarter wave plates are orthogonal to each other.

Abstract: An optical sensing system includes a transmitter assembly for generating a generated signal having a frequency in an optical wavelength. An optical sensing fiber is coupled to the transmitter assembly for receiving the generated signal and producing a reflected signal from backscattering of the generated signal. The system also includes a receiver assembly coupled to the optical sensing fiber for receiving the reflected signal. The system further includes a controller in communication with the receiver assembly for determining environmental effects imposed on the optical sensing fiber based on characteristics of the reflected signal.

Abstract: The optical device includes an active component on a base. The active component is a light sensor and/or a light modulator. The active component including an active medium that includes a ridge and slab regions. The ridge extends upwards from the base and is positioned between the slab regions. The ridge defines a portion of a waveguide on the base. One or more isolation trenches each extends into the slab regions of the active medium and is at least partially spaced apart from the ridge of the active medium.

Abstract: An opto-electric hybrid board capable of suppressing the increase in light propagation losses and excellent in flexibility, and a method of manufacturing the same, are provided. The opto-electric hybrid board includes an electric circuit board, an optical waveguide, and a metal layer. The electric circuit board includes an insulative layer having front and back surfaces, and electrical interconnect lines formed on the front surface of the insulative layer. The optical waveguide is formed on the back surface of the insulative layer. The metal layer is formed between the cladding layer and the insulative layer. At least part of the metal layer is formed in one of first and second patterns. The first pattern includes a distribution of dot-shaped protrusions, and the second pattern includes a distribution of dot-shaped recesses. A first cladding layer fills a site where the metal layer is removed by the patterning.

Abstract: An optical device is described. This optical device includes multiple components, such as a ring resonator, an optical waveguide and a grating coupler, having a common etch depth (which is associated with a single etch step or operation during fabrication). Moreover, these components may be implemented in a semiconductor layer in a silicon-on-insulator technology. By using a common etch depth, the optical device may provide: compact active devices, multimode ultralow-loss optical waveguides, high-speed ring resonator modulators with ultralow power consumption, and compact low-loss interlayer couplers for multilayer-routed optical links. Furthermore, the single etch step may help reduce or eliminate optical transition loss, and thus may facilitate high yield and low manufacturing costs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the apparatus and method for optical interconnection. The present invention provides an optical interconnection structure comprising: a substrate on which double side perforated multi-hole through a predetermined region is formed; bottom hole which is etched and tapered for optical fiber array is bigger than upper hole which is etched for the optical devices. The present invention provides the optical interconnection structure that can facilitate the optical interconnection between the active optoelectronic devices that transmit/receive the optical signals and the optical fiber array, making it possible to align easily and acutely between the optical devices and optical fiber array.

Abstract: A terahertz (THz) switch consisting of perfect conductor metamaterials is discussed in this invention. Specifically, we have built a THz logic block by combining two double-sided corrugated waveguides capable of slowing down the electromagnetic waves in the THz regime with a sub-wavelength cavity, having one or more grooves with shorter height than the grooves of the periodic corrugated waveguide. This new type of THz structure is called as the waveguide-cavity-waveguide (WCW). The new invention is based on our mathematical modeling and experimentation that confirms a strong electromagnetic field accumulation inside the tiny cavity which can confine EM field for a long time within a very small effective volume (Veff) to provide high quality (Q) factor. Therefore, an efficient THz switch can be designed to achieve ON-OFF switching functionality by modulating the refractive index n or extinction coefficient ? inside the switching junction.

Abstract: A system for delivering optical power over optical conduits includes at least one optical power source delivering multiple optical power forms over an optical conduit with a counter propagating optical control signal.

Abstract: A monolithic integrated structure comprising a buried heterostructure semiconductor optical amplifier and a deep ridge optical receiver comprising such structure are disclosed.

Abstract: Spacer resin pattern layer which precisely aligns a light-emitting element or a light-receiving element relative to both a waveguide pattern layer and electrical circuit pattern layer from the semiconductor wafer level. A substratum of resin having a through-hole provided for electrical communication with an electrical circuit pattern layer is formed on a semiconductor wafer. A truncated cone-shaped three-dimensional reflective surface is formed to guide the emitted light towards or received light from a waveguide pattern layer. A metal film is deposited planarly in a predetermined range from the center when positioned relative to the position of the through-hole. A truncated cone-shaped mold is stamped in the center. By modifying the direction of the light using this tapered structure, the precision tolerance is increased and optical loss is reduced.

Abstract: An optical amplifier includes: a first optical fiber, through which seed light and excitation light propagate; an optical coupler that inputs the excitation light into the first optical fiber; a first lens to which the seed light and the excitation light output from the first optical fiber are input and which increases diameters of the seed light and the excitation light; a glass rod doped with rare earth elements to be excited by the excitation light, to which the seed light and the excitation light output from the first lens are input and which amplifies and outputs the seed light as output light; a second lens to which at least the output light output from the glass rod is input and which decreases a diameter of the output light; and a second optical fiber to which the output light output from the second lens is input.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polarization-insensitive optical filter centered on a wavelength (?0) measured in vacuum, comprising: first and second waveguides each having a propagation mode; a first grating formed in or on the surface of the first waveguide, the first grating being periodical at least along a first axis Ox defining a first orthonormal base Oxyz; a second grating formed in or on the surface of the second waveguide, the second grating being periodical at least along a second axis Oxy? defining a second orthonormal base Ox?y?z; wherein the first and second grating are provided above each other and are such that the first axis Ox and the second axis Ox? define an angle ? different from ±?/2 radians so that, when the first grating is illuminated by a light beam, the first and second propagation modes are excited and have orthogonal fields for a predetermined angle of incidence of the light beam.

Abstract: A method of using an optical device. The method comprises splitting a light beam into a first beam that passes through a first arm of a waveguide, and, into a second beam that passes through a second arm of the waveguide. The method also comprises passing at least one of the first beam or second beam through one or more optical resonators that are optically coupled to at least one of the first or second arms. The method also comprises determining a difference in the light-transmittance of the first beam exiting the first arm and the light-transmittance of the second beam exiting the second arm, and, adjusting the operating wavelength if the difference in transmittance exceeds a predefined value.

Abstract: An optical waveguide directional coupler includes a base and two optical waveguides formed in the base. The base has a ridge portion, and a planar portion adjacent to the ridge portion. Each of the optical waveguides includes a first straight section located in the ridge portion, a second straight section, and a curved section interconnected between the first and second straight sections. The curved sections and the second straight sections are located in the planar portion. The first straight sections are parallel with each other and define a light coupling region therebetween. The second straight sections are parallel with each other, and a distance between the second straight sections being greater than a distance between the first straight sections.

Abstract: The inventive optical fiber coupler array is capable of providing a low loss, high-coupling coefficient interface with high accuracy and easy alignment between a plurality of optical fibers (or other optical devices) with a first channel-to-channel spacing, and an optical device having a plurality of closely-spaced waveguide interfaces with a second channel-to-channel spacing, where each end of the optical fiber coupler array is configurable to have different channel-to-channel spacing, each matched to a corresponding one of the first and second channel-to-channel spacing. The novel optical coupler array includes a plurality of waveguides (at least one of which may optionally be polarization maintaining), that comprises at least one gradually reduced vanishing core fiber, at least in part embedded within a common housing structure. Alternatively, the novel coupler array may be configured for utilization with at least one of an optical fiber amplifier and an optical fiber laser.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for controlling optical connectors. A float mechanism for controlling an optical connector can include a pin, a first and a second shaft assembly, and a base. The base can include a first and a second cantilever, and a housing, that defines an opening for receiving the pin. The base can receive the two shaft assemblies. The float mechanism can further include a tab with multiple surfaces and be configured to receive the pin.

Abstract: A receptacle includes a hollow cylinder and a flange. A plug includes a barrel having a cylindrical body, a semicylindrical section extending from the body, and an engaging section provided at an end of the semicylindrical section and a coupling nut. A boom-like retaining piece is cut out and formed in the semicylindrical section and a retaining hook is formed at an idle end of the retaining piece located in the engaging section. The coupling nut is screwed onto threads of the hollow cylinder so that the plug is connected to the receptacle. Before the connection, the engaging section is engaged with and inserted into the hollow cylinder and the retaining piece is caught in the receptacle, so that the plug is temporarily retained to the receptacle securely.

Abstract: An optical connector of the present invention comprising a regulating member having regulating portion provided between a lower surface of an operation arm and an upper surface of a retainer. The regulating member movable in a longitudinal direction between a regulating position for regulating downward movement of a front end of the operation arm by the regulating portion and a retracted position for allowing the downward movement of the front end of the operation arm. The retracted position is located behind the regulating position.

Abstract: A cartridge receptacle for receiving at least one cartridge, the cartridge having at least one ferrule and a lens. The receptacle includes at least one bore for receiving the cartridge and an end face on the lens side, the end face lying perpendicularly to an optical axis of the cartridge.

Abstract: An optical fiber connecting assembly includes two optical-electrical conversion modules and a plurality of optical fibers for connecting with the optical-electrical conversion modules. The optical-electrical conversion module includes a circuit board, an optical signal receiving member and an optical signal emitting member mounted on the circuit board, a cover, and several lenses. The cover covers the optical signal receiving member and the optical signal emitting member, and is fixed with the circuit board with glue. A connecting surface of the cover facing towards the circuit board defines a glue-overflow hole, for receiving excessive glue. The first lenses are mounted on the cover, and couple with the optical signal receiving member and the optical signal emitting member, respectively. Each end of the optical fibers inserted into the cover and couple with the first lenses of one corresponding optical-electrical conversion module.

Abstract: A method for connecting an optical waveguide embedded in a fibre composite component, in particular of an aircraft and spacecraft, to an external optical waveguide, comprising the following steps: ascertaining a path of the embedded optical waveguide in the fibre composite component; determining a nodal position at which the embedded optical waveguide is to be coupled with the external optical waveguide; exposing, at least in portions, the embedded optical waveguide at the nodal position by removing at least part of the fibre composite component around the embedded optical waveguide; severing the exposed embedded optical waveguide; aligning relative to each other an end portion of the severed, embedded optical waveguide and an end portion of the external optical waveguide; and splicing the mutually aligned end portions of the optical waveguides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-core optical fiber enabling calculation effectively using the MEMO technology. The multi-core optical fiber has a plurality of cores and a cladding and the cores rotate around a fiber axis. A conditional expression defined by an average twist rate ? (rad/m), the shortest distance ? (m) between centers of the cores, a group index ng, an in-use bending radius R (m), the speed of light in vacuum c (m/s), and the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter ? is not more than 7.91×10?12 (s/m1/2) as an example.